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Brčko

March 08, 2023

Brčko (Serbian Cyrillic: Брчко, pronounced [br̩̂tʃkoː]) is a city and the administrative seat of Brčko District, in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It lies on the banks of Sava river across from Croatia. As of 2013, it has a population of 39,893 inhabitants.[1]

Brčko
Брчко
City
Brčko
Brčko
Location within Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brčko
Brčko (Balkans)
Coordinates: 44°52′38″N 18°48′40″E / 44.87722°N 18.81111°E / 44.87722; 18.81111Coordinates: 44°52′38″N 18°48′40″E / 44.87722°N 18.81111°E / 44.87722; 18.81111
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
DistrictBrčko District
Geographical regionPosavina
Government
 • MayorEsed Kadrić (SDA)
 • President of the District AssemblySiniša Milić (SNSD)
Area
 • Total402 km2 (155 sq mi)
 • Land493 km2 (190 sq mi)
Elevation
92 m (302 ft)
Population
 (2013)
 • Total39,893
 • Density99/km2 (260/sq mi)
 • Brčko District
83,516
Postcode
76100
Area code+387 049
Websitewww.bdcentral.net

De jure, the Brčko District belongs to both entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina (the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska) but in practice it is not governed by either; practically, Brčko is a self-governing free city.[2]

Name

Its name is very likely linked to the Breuci (Greek Βρεῦκοι), a subtribe of Pannonian tribes of the Illyrians who migrated to the vicinity of today's Brčko from the territories of the Yamnaya culture in the 3rd millennium BC. Breuci greatly resisted the Romans but were conquered in 1st century BC and many were sold as slaves after their defeat. They started receiving Roman citizenship during Trajan's rule.

A number of Breuci migrated and settled in Dacia, where a town called Bereck or Brețcu, a river (Brețcu River) and a mountain Munții Brețcului in today's Romania were named after them.[3]

Geography

 
Brčko District and Brčko town

The city is on the north, riparian border of Bosnia, across the Sava River from the village of Gunja in Croatia.

Brčko is the seat of the Brčko District, an independent unit of local self-government created on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina following an arbitration process. The local administration was formerly supervised by an international supervisory regime headed by Principal Deputy High Representative who is also ex officio the Brčko International Supervisor. This international supervision was frozen since 23 May 2012.[4]

History

Brčko was a geographic point of contention in 1996 when the U.S.-led Implementation Force (IFOR) built Camp McGovern on the outskirts of the city. Camp McGovern under the overwatch of 3-5 CAV 1/BDE/1AR Division (US) commanded by LTC Anthony Cucolo was constructed from a war torn farming cooperative structure in the Zone of Separation (ZOS) for the purpose of establishing peacekeeping operations. The mission was to separate the forming warring factions. The ZOS was one kilometer wide of no man's land, where special permission was required for Serbian or Bosnian forces to enter. Various checkpoints and observation points (OP's) were established to control the separation.

Although Brčko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s, considerable progress in multi-ethnic integration in Brčko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling. Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan have improved the situation regarding property and return. Today, Brčko has returned to a strategic transshipment point along the Sava River. The population of Brčko has not returned to its pre-war ethnic mix of Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats. Brčko sits at the east–west apex of Republika Srpska, the ethnic Serb portion of Bosnia & Herzegovina, and as such is critical to the RS for its economic future.

Brčko was one of the main points discussed in the Dayton Peace Accords. After several weeks of intensive negotiation, the issue of Brčko was to be decided by international arbitration. Brčko Arbitration ruled in May 1997 that Brčko would be a special district managed by an ambassadorial representative from the international community. The first Ambassador to Brčko was an American with support staff from the UK, Sweden, Denmark & France.

The first international organization to open office in Brčko at that time was the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) headed by Randolph Hampton.

Following PIC meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of Brčko International Supervisor. Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, will still continue to exist.[4]

Demographics

Ethnic composition
2013 1991 1981 1971 1961
Total 39,893 (100.0%) 41,406 (100.0%) 31,437 (100.0%) 25,337 (100.0%) 17,949 (100,0%)
Serbs 19,420 (48.68%) 8,253 (19.93%) 5,532 (17.60%) 5,481 (21.63%) 5,260 (29.31%)
Bosniaks 17,489 (43.84%) 22,994 (55.53%) 16,725 (53.20%) 15,651 (61.77%) 5,431 (30.26%)
Croats 1,457 (3.652%) 2,894 (6.989%) 2,157 (6.861%) 2,663 (10.51%) 2,472 (13.77%)
Others 996 (2.497%) 2,054 (4.961%) 468 (1.489%) 327 (1.291%) 78 (0.435%)
Roma 333 (0.835%) 5 (0.016%) 6 (0.024%) 4 (0.022%)
Albanians 77 (0.193%) 86 (0.274%) 115 (0.454%) 65 (0.362%)
Yugoslavs 60 (0.150%) 5,211 (12.59%) 6,351 (20.20%) 952 (3.757%) 4,250 (23.68%)
Montenegrins 31 (0.078%) 65 (0.207%) 82 (0.324%) 278 (1.549%)
Macedonians 24 (0.060%) 16 (0.051%) 19 (0.075%) 35 (0.195%)
Slovenes 4 (0.010%) 19 (0.060%) 25 (0.099%) 55 (0.306%)
Turks 2 (0.005%)
Hungarians 13 (0.041%) 16 (0.063%) 21 (0.117%)

Transport

Rail

A railway station is near the city centre on the line from Vinkovci to Tuzla. However, no passenger trains operate to Brčko anymore. The closest operating railway station is in Gunja, Croatia; just on the other side of the border.

Water

Brčko has the largest river port in Bosnia, on the Sava river.

Sport

Brčko has three football clubs (FK Jedinstvo Brčko, FK Lokomotiva Brčko, FK Izbor Brčko, FK Dizdaruša Brčko and the youngest club FK Ilićka 01). They all play in the Second League of Republika Srpska. The city is home to some of the most successful volleyball teams in the country Mladost and Jedinstvo.

Education

The city is home to an economics school of the University of East Sarajevo and a local theatre festival.

Gallery

  •  

    Panorama of Brčko

  •  

    Brčko at night

  •  

    Fountain - the symbol of the city

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Brčko is twinned with:

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ "Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina" (PDF). 2019. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
  2. ^ Welcome to Brčko, Europe’s only free city and a law unto itself.
  3. ^ Kiss Lajos: Földrajzi nevek etimológiai szótára Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest 1978 ISBN 963 05 1490 7 103. oldal Bereck-szócikk
  4. ^ a b "Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council". Ohr.int. 2012-05-23. Retrieved 2013-11-23.
  5. ^ "Успјешно организован турнир млађих категорија у фудбалу". radiobrcko.ba (in Bosnian). Radio Brčko. 2014-08-29. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
  6. ^ "Sister Cities". stlpartnership.com. St. Louis Economic Development Partnership. Retrieved 2020-12-28.
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brčko.

External links

  • Official website
  • Brčanski Informativni portal

March 08, 2023
brčko, serbian, cyrillic, Брчко, pronounced, tʃkoː, city, administrative, seat, district, northern, bosnia, herzegovina, lies, banks, sava, river, across, from, croatia, 2013, population, inhabitants, Брчкоcitylocation, within, bosnia, herzegovinashow, bosnia,. Brcko Serbian Cyrillic Brchko pronounced br tʃkoː is a city and the administrative seat of Brcko District in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina It lies on the banks of Sava river across from Croatia As of 2013 it has a population of 39 893 inhabitants 1 Brcko BrchkoCityBrckoBrckoLocation within Bosnia and HerzegovinaShow map of Bosnia and HerzegovinaBrckoBrcko Balkans Show map of BalkansCoordinates 44 52 38 N 18 48 40 E 44 87722 N 18 81111 E 44 87722 18 81111 Coordinates 44 52 38 N 18 48 40 E 44 87722 N 18 81111 E 44 87722 18 81111Country Bosnia and HerzegovinaDistrictBrcko DistrictGeographical regionPosavinaGovernment MayorEsed Kadric SDA President of the District AssemblySinisa Milic SNSD Area Total402 km2 155 sq mi Land493 km2 190 sq mi Elevation92 m 302 ft Population 2013 Total39 893 Density99 km2 260 sq mi Brcko District83 516Postcode76100Area code 387 049Websitewww wbr bdcentral wbr netDe jure the Brcko District belongs to both entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska but in practice it is not governed by either practically Brcko is a self governing free city 2 Contents 1 Name 2 Geography 3 History 4 Demographics 5 Transport 5 1 Rail 5 2 Water 6 Sport 7 Education 8 Gallery 9 Twin towns sister cities 10 Notable people 11 See also 12 References 13 External linksName EditIts name is very likely linked to the Breuci Greek Breῦkoi a subtribe of Pannonian tribes of the Illyrians who migrated to the vicinity of today s Brcko from the territories of the Yamnaya culture in the 3rd millennium BC Breuci greatly resisted the Romans but were conquered in 1st century BC and many were sold as slaves after their defeat They started receiving Roman citizenship during Trajan s rule A number of Breuci migrated and settled in Dacia where a town called Bereck or Brețcu a river Brețcu River and a mountain Munții Brețcului in today s Romania were named after them 3 Geography Edit Brcko District and Brcko town The city is on the north riparian border of Bosnia across the Sava River from the village of Gunja in Croatia Brcko is the seat of the Brcko District an independent unit of local self government created on the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina following an arbitration process The local administration was formerly supervised by an international supervisory regime headed by Principal Deputy High Representative who is also ex officio the Brcko International Supervisor This international supervision was frozen since 23 May 2012 4 History EditBrcko was a geographic point of contention in 1996 when the U S led Implementation Force IFOR built Camp McGovern on the outskirts of the city Camp McGovern under the overwatch of 3 5 CAV 1 BDE 1AR Division US commanded by LTC Anthony Cucolo was constructed from a war torn farming cooperative structure in the Zone of Separation ZOS for the purpose of establishing peacekeeping operations The mission was to separate the forming warring factions The ZOS was one kilometer wide of no man s land where special permission was required for Serbian or Bosnian forces to enter Various checkpoints and observation points OP s were established to control the separation Although Brcko was a focal point for tension in the late 1990s considerable progress in multi ethnic integration in Brcko has since occurred including integration of secondary schooling Reconstruction efforts and the Property Law Implementation Plan have improved the situation regarding property and return Today Brcko has returned to a strategic transshipment point along the Sava River The population of Brcko has not returned to its pre war ethnic mix of Bosniaks Serbs and Croats Brcko sits at the east west apex of Republika Srpska the ethnic Serb portion of Bosnia amp Herzegovina and as such is critical to the RS for its economic future Brcko was one of the main points discussed in the Dayton Peace Accords After several weeks of intensive negotiation the issue of Brcko was to be decided by international arbitration Brcko Arbitration ruled in May 1997 that Brcko would be a special district managed by an ambassadorial representative from the international community The first Ambassador to Brcko was an American with support staff from the UK Sweden Denmark amp France The first international organization to open office in Brcko at that time was the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe OSCE headed by Randolph Hampton Following PIC meeting on 23 May 2012 it was decided to suspend not terminate the mandate of Brcko International Supervisor Brcko Arbitral Tribunal together with the suspended Brcko Supervision will still continue to exist 4 Demographics EditEthnic composition 2013 1991 1981 1971 1961Total 39 893 100 0 41 406 100 0 31 437 100 0 25 337 100 0 17 949 100 0 Serbs 19 420 48 68 8 253 19 93 5 532 17 60 5 481 21 63 5 260 29 31 Bosniaks 17 489 43 84 22 994 55 53 16 725 53 20 15 651 61 77 5 431 30 26 Croats 1 457 3 652 2 894 6 989 2 157 6 861 2 663 10 51 2 472 13 77 Others 996 2 497 2 054 4 961 468 1 489 327 1 291 78 0 435 Roma 333 0 835 5 0 016 6 0 024 4 0 022 Albanians 77 0 193 86 0 274 115 0 454 65 0 362 Yugoslavs 60 0 150 5 211 12 59 6 351 20 20 952 3 757 4 250 23 68 Montenegrins 31 0 078 65 0 207 82 0 324 278 1 549 Macedonians 24 0 060 16 0 051 19 0 075 35 0 195 Slovenes 4 0 010 19 0 060 25 0 099 55 0 306 Turks 2 0 005 Hungarians 13 0 041 16 0 063 21 0 117 Transport EditRail Edit A railway station is near the city centre on the line from Vinkovci to Tuzla However no passenger trains operate to Brcko anymore The closest operating railway station is in Gunja Croatia just on the other side of the border Water Edit Brcko has the largest river port in Bosnia on the Sava river Sport EditBrcko has three football clubs FK Jedinstvo Brcko FK Lokomotiva Brcko FK Izbor Brcko FK Dizdarusa Brcko and the youngest club FK Ilicka 01 They all play in the Second League of Republika Srpska The city is home to some of the most successful volleyball teams in the country Mladost and Jedinstvo Education EditThe city is home to an economics school of the University of East Sarajevo and a local theatre festival Gallery Edit Panorama of Brcko Brcko at night Fountain the symbol of the cityTwin towns sister cities EditSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina Brcko is twinned with Samsun Turkey Smederevska Palanka Serbia 5 St Louis United States 6 Notable people EditEdo Maajka rapper Lepa Brena singer Edvin Kanka Cudic human rights activist Mladen Petric Croatian footballer Vesna Pisarovic singer Dzenana Sehanovic pianist Anton Maglica Croatian footballer Jasmin Imamovic politician Natasa Vojnovic Serbian fashion model Mato Tadic judge Brankica Mihajlovic Serbian volleyball player World and European champion silver medalist at the 2016 Summer Olympics Ines Jankovic Serbian fashion designer Nikola Kovac Professional Counter Strike Global Offensive playerSee also EditBrcko bridge massacreReferences Edit Census of Population Households and Dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina PDF 2019 Retrieved November 24 2020 Welcome to Brcko Europe s only free city and a law unto itself Kiss Lajos Foldrajzi nevek etimologiai szotara Akademiai Kiado Budapest 1978 ISBN 963 05 1490 7 103 oldal Bereck szocikk a b Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council Ohr int 2012 05 23 Retrieved 2013 11 23 Uspјeshno organizovan turnir mlaђih kategoriјa u fudbalu radiobrcko ba in Bosnian Radio Brcko 2014 08 29 Retrieved 2020 12 28 Sister Cities stlpartnership com St Louis Economic Development Partnership Retrieved 2020 12 28 Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brcko External links EditOfficial website Brcanski Informativni portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Brcko amp oldid 1118889331, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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