Brčko District
Brčko District (Bosnian: Brčko Distrikt / Брчко Дистрикт), officially the Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian: Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine / Брчко Дистрикт Босне и Херцеговине), is a self-governing administrative unit in north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina Брчко Дистрикт Босне и Херцеговине Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine | |
|---|---|
Self-governing condominium of the entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
Coat of arms | |
Location of Brčko District within Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
| Coordinates: 44°52′0″N 18°47′0″E / 44.86667°N 18.78333°ECoordinates: 44°52′0″N 18°47′0″E / 44.86667°N 18.78333°E | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Established by final arbitration decision | 5 March 1999 |
| Statute took effect | 8 March 2000 |
| Seat | Brčko |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Zijad Nišić (SBiH) |
| • President of the Assembly | Siniša Milić (SNSD) |
| • International Supervisor[a] | Jonathan Mennuti |
| Area | |
| • Total | 493 km2 (190 sq mi) |
| Population (2013) | |
| • Total | 83,516 |
| • Density | 170/km2 (440/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 76100 |
| Area code | (+387) 49 |
| ISO 3166 code | BA-BRC |
| Website | Government website, Assembly website |
Officially a condominium of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, it was formed in 1999 to reflect the multi-ethnic nature of Brčko and the surrounding areas and their special status within the newly independent Bosnia. In reality, it functions as a local self-government area, much like the other municipalities in the country.[1]
The seat of the district is the city of Brčko.
History
The Brčko District was established after an arbitration process undertaken by the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the Dayton Peace Accords, however, the process could only arbitrate the disputed portion of the Inter-Entity Boundary Line (IEBL).[2] The Brčko District was formed of the entire territory of the former Brčko municipality, of which 48% (including Brčko city) was in the newly formed Republika Srpska, while 52% was in the old Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the end of the Bosnian War, the European Union (EU) has maintained a diplomatic peace-keeping presence in the area.
Brčko was the only element in the Dayton Peace Agreement that was not finalized at the time. The arbitration agreement was later finalized in March 1999, resulting in a "district" that was to be administrated by an American Principal Deputy High Representative, who is also ex officio the Brčko International Supervisor.
In 2006, under the Supervisory Order, all "Entity legislation in Brčko District and the IEBL" was abolished. The ruling made by the Brčko Supervisor Susan Johnson abolished all Entity Laws in the District, as well as the Entity Border Line. The ruling made the Laws of the District and the Laws of the State of Bosnia and Herzegovina (including the laws of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina) paramount within the District.[3]
The first Brčko International Supervisor arrived in April 1997. Up to that time, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) had a modest office headed by Randolph Hampton. During the interim time before the District of Brčko could be represented post-arbitration agreement, local elections were held, and humanitarian relief was provided with cooperation from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and ECHO. The District became known as a center for different state-building programs run by foreign governments, particularly the United States.
Following a Peace Implementation Council (PIC) meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of the Brčko International Supervisor. The Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, continues to exist.[4]
Settlements
- Bijela
- Boće
- Boderište
- Brčko
- Brezik
- Brezovo Polje
- Brka
- Brod
- Bukovac
- Bukvik Donji
- Bukvik Gornji
- Buzekara
- Cerik
- Čađavac
- Čande
- Čoseta
- Donji Rahić
- Donji Zovik
- Dubrave
- Dubravice Donje
- Dubravice Gornje
- Gajevi
- Gorice
- Gornji Rahić
- Gornji Zovik
- Grbavica
- Gredice
- Islamovac
- Krbeta
- Ivici
- Krepšić
- Laništa
- Lukavac
- Maoča
- Marković Polje
- Ograđenovac
- Omerbegovača
- Palanka
- Popovo Polje
- Potočari
- Rašljani
- Ražljevo
- Repino Brdo
- Sandići
- Skakava Donja
- Skakava Gornja
- Slijepčevići
- Stanovi
- Šatorovići
- Štrepci
- Trnjaci
- Ulice
- Ulović
- Vitanovići Donji
- Vitanovići Gornji
- Vučilovac
- Vujičići
- Vukšić Donji
- Vukšić Gornji
Demographics
Brčko District comprises 1% of the land area of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is home to 2.37% of the country's total population.
Population
| Population of settlements – Brčko District | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Settlement | 1948. | 1953. | 1961. | 1971. | 1981. | 1991. | 2013. | |
| Total | 49,969 | 65,078 | 62,952 | 74,771 | 82,768 | 87,627 | 83,516 | |
| 1 | Bijela | 2,539 | 1,923 | |||||
| 2 | Boće | 1,253 | 1,270 | |||||
| 3 | Boderište | 965 | 661 | |||||
| 4 | Brčko | 17,949 | 25,337 | 31,437 | 41,406 | 39,893 | ||
| 5 | Brezik | 413 | 601 | |||||
| 6 | Brezovo Polje | 1,393 | 1,292 | |||||
| 7 | Brezovo Polje Selo | 335 | 251 | |||||
| 8 | Brka | 2,044 | 2,234 | |||||
| 9 | Brod | 1,042 | 1,286 | |||||
| 10 | Buzekara | 430 | 268 | |||||
| 11 | Čande | 377 | 321 | |||||
| 12 | Cerik | 280 | 233 | |||||
| 13 | Čoseta | 507 | 732 | |||||
| 14 | Donji Rahić | 647 | 366 | |||||
| 15 | Donji Zovik | 481 | 494 | |||||
| 16 | Dubrave | 1,338 | 1,463 | |||||
| 17 | Dubravice Donje | 396 | 315 | |||||
| 18 | Gorice | 1,097 | 654 | |||||
| 19 | Gornji Rahić | 2,167 | 3,403 | |||||
| 20 | Gornji Zovik | 1,569 | 1,408 | |||||
| 21 | Grbavica | 557 | 1,527 | |||||
| 22 | Gredice | 303 | 1,109 | |||||
| 23 | Krepšić | 1,156 | 696 | |||||
| 24 | Laništa | 656 | 450 | |||||
| 25 | Maoča | 2,886 | 3,030 | |||||
| 26 | Marković Polje | 470 | 370 | |||||
| 27 | Ograđenovac | 734 | 815 | |||||
| 28 | Omerbegovača | 895 | 1,074 | |||||
| 29 | Palanka | 1,394 | 1,439 | |||||
| 30 | Potočari | 893 | 1,063 | |||||
| 31 | Rašljani | 1,155 | 1,078 | |||||
| 32 | Ražljevo | 341 | 233 | |||||
| 33 | Repino Brdo | 246 | 247 | |||||
| 34 | Sandići | 420 | 430 | |||||
| 35 | Šatorovići | 1,238 | 1,472 | |||||
| 36 | Skakava Donja | 2,272 | 2,037 | |||||
| 37 | Skakava Gornja | 1,737 | 1,352 | |||||
| 38 | Slijepčevići | 371 | 298 | |||||
| 39 | Stanovi | 353 | 238 | |||||
| 40 | Štrepci | 861 | 712 | |||||
| 41 | Trnjaci | 313 | 245 | |||||
| 42 | Ulice | 1,266 | 892 | |||||
| 43 | Ulovići | 912 | 752 | |||||
| 44 | Vitanovići Donji | 419 | 396 | |||||
| 45 | Vučilovac | 700 | 254 | |||||
| 46 | Vukšić Donji | 644 | 352 | |||||
| 47 | Vukšić Gornji | 821 | 579 | |||||
Ethnic groups
The ethnic composition of Brčko district:[5]
| Ethnic group | census 1961 | census 1971 | census 1981 | census 1991[5] | census 2013[5] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Bosniaks | 16,484 | 26.19% | 30,181 | 40.36% | 32,434 | 39.19% | 38,617 | 44.07% | 35,381 | 42.36% |
| Serbs | 17,897 | 28.43% | 17,709 | 23.68% | 16,707 | 20.19% | 18,128 | 20.69% | 28,884 | 34.58% |
| Croats | 21,994 | 34.94% | 24,925 | 33.34% | 23,975 | 28.97% | 22,252 | 25.39% | 17,252 | 20.66% |
| Yugoslavs | 5,904 | 9.38% | 1,086 | 1.45% | 8,342 | 10.08% | 5,731 | 6.54% | ||
| Others | 673 | 1.07% | 870 | 1.16% | 1,310 | 1.58% | 2,899 | 3.31% | 1,999 | 2.39% |
| Total | 62,952 | 74,771 | 82,768 | 87,627 | 83,516 | |||||
- 1961 census
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961
Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1961
Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1961
Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1961
- 1971 census
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971
Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1971
Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1971
Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1971
- 1981 census
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981
Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1981
Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1981
Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1981
- 1991 census
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991
Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1991
Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1991
Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1991
- 2013 census
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013
Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013
Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 2013
Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 2013
Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 2013
Government and politics
There are 31 seats in the Assembly of the Brčko District. The seats are divided as follows as of 2020:[6]
| Constituency[7] | Council[8] | Mayor[9] elected by Council | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Popular vote | % | Seats | Mayor | Votes | % | ||||
| Brčko | Party of Democratic Action | 6,133 | 16.46 | 5 | Esed Kadrić, SDA | 22 | 71% | |||
| SNSD—DEMOS | 4,651 | 12.49 | 4 | |||||||
| Socialist Party | 4,396 | 11.80 | 4 | |||||||
| Croatian Democratic Union | 2,973 | 7.98 | 3 | |||||||
| Union for a Better Future of BiH | 2,574 | 6.91 | 2 | |||||||
| People and Justice | 2,514 | 6.75 | 2 | |||||||
| United Srpska | 2,307 | 6.19 | 2 | |||||||
| Party of Democratic Progress | 1,873 | 5.03 | 2 | |||||||
| Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1,749 | 4.70 | 2 | |||||||
| Social Democratic Party—Our Party | 1,643 | 4.41 | 1 | |||||||
| Serb Democratic Party | 1,638 | 4.40 | 1 | |||||||
| Democratic People's Alliance | 1,428 | 3.83 | 1 | |||||||
| Minority candidate Alija Denjagić | (535) | - | 1 | |||||||
| Minority candidate Mejra Šečić | (305) | - | 1 | |||||||
| Total | 37,252 | 31 | ||||||||
Notable people
- Edo Maajka (birth name Edin Osmić) – rapper
- Lepa Brena (birth name Fahreta Jahić) – pop-folk singer
- Edvin Kanka Ćudić – Human rights activist
- Mladen Petrić – Croatian international football player
- Vesna Pisarović – pop singer
- Nikola Kovač – Counter-Strike: Global Offensive player
- Esed Kadrić – Mayor of Brčko
See also
Notes
- ^ Functions suspended since 23 May 2012.
References
- ^ "Is Brcko District a condominium, an entity or a municipality?". Office of the High Representative. OHR Brcko. 2003-05-12. Retrieved 2022-12-03.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Dayton Agreement, Annex 2, Article V April 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Supervisory Order Abolishes Entity Legislation, Ends Legal Significance of IEBL in Brčko District August 13, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council on 23/5/2012
- ^ a b c "Popis 2013 u BiH – Brčko District". statistika.ba.
- ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-26. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ The three-digit numbers in the municipality column are the codes used for the municipalities on the Central Electoral Commission site
- ^ (in Croatian)Council results from Central Electoral Commission site
- ^ (in Croatian)Major of Brčko 2018-06-19 at the Wayback Machine
External links
- Official website