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New Bilibid Prison

December 31, 2022

"Bilibid Prison" redirects here. For the jail formerly known as the Old Bilibid Prison, see Manila City Jail.

The New Bilibid Prison (NBP) in Muntinlupa, Metro Manila is the main insular prison designed to house the prison population of the Philippines.[2] It is maintained by the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) under the Department of Justice. As of October 2022, the NBP housed 29,204 inmates, which exceeds its ideal capacity of 6,345.[1]

New Bilibid Prison
Façade of the current New Bilibid Prison
LocationSampaguita Road, Muntinlupa, Philippines
Coordinates14°22′53.89″N 121°01′46.05″E / 14.3816361°N 121.0294583°E / 14.3816361; 121.0294583Coordinates: 14°22′53.89″N 121°01′46.05″E / 14.3816361°N 121.0294583°E / 14.3816361; 121.0294583
StatusOperational
Security classminimum–maximum
Capacity6,345[1]
Population29,204[1] (as of 2022)
Opened1940
Managed byPhilippine National Police Special Action Force
Bureau of Corrections
DirectorGregorio Catapang Jr.
CityMuntinlupa
CountryPhilippines

In 1940, the Commonwealth government transferred prisoners to the NBP from the Old Bilibid Prison (Spanish: Carcel y Presidio Correccional,[2] "Correctional Jail and Military Prison"), in Manila. The remnants of the old facility were repurposed by the City of Manila as its own detention center, known today as Manila City Jail.

The penitentiary had an initial land area of 551 hectares (1,360 acres), but 104 hectares (260 acres) were transferred to a housing project of the Department of Justice.[3][failed verification] Additional land of the NBP Reservation is used for the Bureau of Corrections headquarters.[4]

During Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II, Bilibid was a prisoner of war and civilian internee camp where American soldiers and civilians were held by the Japanese. Twelve hundred internees and POWs were freed by the American army on February 4, 1945, during the Battle of Manila.

History

 
Aerial view of New Bilibid Prison, Muntinlupa, 1940

The Old Bilibid Prison, then known as Carcel y Presidio Correccional[2] (Spanish, "Correctional Jail and Military Prison") occupied a rectangular piece of land that was part of the Mayhaligue Estate in the heart of Manila. The old prison was established by the Spanish colonial government on June 25, 1865, via royal decree.[3] It was divided into two sections: the Carcel, which could accommodate 600 inmates; and the Presidio, which could hold 527 prisoners.

Due to increasing crime, the Commonwealth government enacted Commonwealth Act No. 67[2] and a new prison was built in Muntinlupa on a 254.73-hectare (629.5-acre)[3] land in an area considered at that time to be "remote". Muntinlupa, then a municipality in the province of Rizal, is several miles southeast of downtown Manila, near the shores of Laguna de Bay. Construction began on New Bilibid in 1936 with a budget of one million Philippine pesos.[2] In 1940, the prisoners, equipment and facilities were transferred from Old Bilibid to the new prison. The remnants of the old facility was used by the City of Manila as its detention center. In 1941, the new facility was officially named "New Bilibid Prison".

World War II internee camp

 
Prisoners of war at the New Bilibid and Luzon POW Camp Number 1

During World War II and the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines, both the Old Bilibid and New Bilibid Prisons were used as Prisoner of War (POW) camps, hospitals for POWs, and transit centers for POWs being transferred to other locations, primarily to Japan. More than 13,000 POWs, the majority of them American, were processed at these Manila area facilities during the war.[5] Included in that total are 500 civilian internees who were moved to Bilibid from the Camp Holmes Internment Camp near Baguio in December 1944.[6] Thousands of POWs who transited Bilibid Prison en route to Japan were killed when the Hell ships on which they were being transported were sunk by American military aircraft or submarines, the Americans being unaware that POWs were on board the ships.[7]

The Old Bilibid prison continued to be used by the Japanese Kempeitai (military police) for holding special prisoners throughout their occupation of Manila and Luzon. General Vicente Lim was among those interned there.

The Battle of Manila began on February 3, 1945, and that evening the civilians in Old Bilibid Prison heard the unmistakable sound of American voices outside the walls. The American soldiers outside, however, seemed unaware of the prisoners inside Bilibid, but had the objective of liberating the 4,000 civilian internees at Santo Tomas Internment Camp two kilometers (one mile) away. The battle near the prison raged all that night, but the next morning the Japanese guards abandoned Bilibid, leaving a message to the POWs and internees that they should avoid leaving Bilibid, and posting a sign at the gate advising "Lawfully released Prisoners of War and internees are quartered here."[8]

The internees hoisted the American flag over Bilibid, but after an explosion nearby the departing Japanese came back to warn them that the flag would draw fire from Japanese artillery.[9] At 7 p.m. on that evening, February 4, 1945, American soldiers from the 37th Ohio National Guard broke through the wall into the compound.[10]

The liberated POWs and internees at Old Bilibid numbered 1,200, including 700 soldiers and 500 civilians. The civilian internees remained in Bilibid for another month until the Battle of Manila concluded with the Japanese defenders wiped out.[11] The internees were then flown to Leyte and from there they were repatriated to the United States. One of the civilian internees described the repatriation process as "being badgered by friends rather than the enemy." The former internees were infuriated at having to promise to pay the U.S. government $275 per person for repatriation. Many of the civilian internees, long-term residents of the Philippines or related to Filipinos, were reluctant to leave, but were pressured to do so by the U.S. military.[12][13]

Postwar era

From the end of World War II until 1953, Japanese war criminals were held within the prison, under Prison Superintendent Alfredo Bunye.[14]

Martial Law era

Main articles: Dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos and Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship

The rise of the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos saw the establishment of the Sampaguita Rehabilitation Center - later named Camp Sampaguita - within the NBP compound. It served both as the headquarters of the 225th Philippine Constabulary Company, and also as a stockade for Political Prisoners.[15] Sampaguita was the southernmost of four major clusters of concentration camps for political prisoners in the Greater Manila Area at the time, Sampaguita being the "S" in "A, B, C, and S" with the other letters representing Camps Aguinaldo ("A"), Bonifacio ("B"), and Crame ("C").[16]

Contemporary history

On June 5, 2014, Department of Justice Undersecretary Francisco Baraan III, supervising official on the Bureau of Corrections and the NBP said that the National Penitentiary will be moved to Barangay San Isidro in Laur, Nueva Ecija.[17][18]

Facilities

The New Bilibid Prison consists of three compounds: the maximum security compound, which houses inmates serving a prison sentence of more than 20 years; the medium security compound, which houses those serving less than 20 years; and the minimum security compound, which houses those close to completing their sentence or who are 70 years old and above.[19]

 
An execution by garrote vil at the Old Bilibid Prison, Manila, Philippines, 1901.

In 1999, Ron Gluckman of Asiaweek wrote that due to the commercial activity and relative freedom of movement in most of the prison, the facility "seems more like a barangay in the Philippines than a prison."[20]

Death penalty

See also: Capital punishment in the Philippines

The execution chamber for inmates sentenced to death by electrocution was in Building 14, within the Maximum Security Compound. As of 2015, it is used to house maximum security prisoners. The former lethal injection chamber is now used as the Bureau of Corrections (BuCor) Museum.[21] Seven men were executed by lethal injection between 1999 and 2000.

Gluckman wrote that the men's death row in Building One, was uncharacteristic of the rest of the prison: "The place reeks of gas burners, sewage, sweat and fear."[20]

Recreational facilities

The prisoners pass the time in the basketball court in the penitentiary's gymnasium and are also engaged in the production of handicrafts. Various religious denominations are active in prison ministry, with Mass said daily in the prison's Roman Catholic chapel; a locale of the Iglesia Ni Cristo is also on the prison grounds. Religious groups, such as the Philippine Jesuit Prison Service, Caritas Manila, Seventh-day Adventist Church, and Amazing Grace Christian Ministries, also extend medical services to prisoners.[22] Research participants agree that the use of inmate leaders is an integral component of prison management in the MSC. Inmates can either assume custodial, administrative, and rehabilitation functions.[23]

Educational facilities

Educational facilities inside the compound provide elementary education, high school education, vocational training and adult literacy programs. It also provides a Bachelor's Degree in Commerce.[22] The New Bilibid Prison also houses a talipapâ (small wet and flea market) where prisoners can buy daily commodities.[24]

Katarungan Village

On September 5, 1991, President Corazon C. Aquino issued Presidential Proclamation No. 792, which was amended by Presidential Proclamation No. 120 on December 15, 1992, to the effect that 104.22 hectares (257.5 acres) of land be developed into housing for employees of the Department of Justice and other government agencies. This housing project is known as the Katarungan ("Justice") Village.[25]

Notable inmates

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Bolledo, Jairo (November 21, 2022). "Even behind bars, prisoners take part in crimes. Here's why". Rappler. Retrieved November 21, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e . Archived from the original on April 11, 2008. Retrieved May 24, 2008.[full citation needed]
  3. ^ a b c "IN NUMBERS: The inmates of New Bilibid Prison". Philippine Daily Inquirer. June 26, 2007. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  4. ^ "About the Bureau of Corrections 2009-10-05 at the Wayback Machine." Bureau of Corrections. Retrieved on October 2, 2010. "Bureau of Corrections NBP Reservation, Muntinlupa, Philippines."
  5. ^ "Notes" http://www.west-point-or/family/japanese-pow/HudsonFastNotes.htm[permanent dead link], accessed April 27, 2016
  6. ^ Mansell, Donald E. (2003), Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun, Nampa, ID: Pacific Press, pp. 216–217, 22–249
  7. ^ Gladwin, Lee A. (2003), "American POWs on Japanese Ships Take a Voyage into Hell"; Prologue Magazine, Vo. 35, No. 4, https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2003/winter/hell-ships-1.html, accessed April 28, 2016
  8. ^ Crouter, Natalie (1980), Forbidden Diary: A Record of Wartime Internment, 1941–1945, New York: But Franklin & Co., pp. 467–470
  9. ^ Miles, Fern Harrington (1987), Captive Community: Life in a Japanese Internment Camp, 1941–1945, Jefferson City, TN: Mossy Creek Press, pp. 162–163
  10. ^ Mansell, pp. 247–254
  11. ^ "Internment Camp #3, Baguio and Bilibid Prison" http://bacepow.net/bilibid.ht[permanent dead link], accessed April 28, 2016
  12. ^ Crouter, 502–503
  13. ^ Hartendorp, A.V.H. The Japanese Occupation of the Philippines. Manila: Bookmark, 1967, pp. 613–626
  14. ^ Calunsod, Ronron (April 30, 2015). "Philippine prison chief's humane treatment of Japanese POWs a lesson in forgiveness: son". Japan Times. Kyodo. Retrieved July 30, 2019.
  15. ^ Niefes., Felizardo Dullavin (2009). Ang Kasaysayan ng mga Pambansang Preso sa Pilipinas, 1946-2003. UP Departamento ng Kasaysayan. p. 320.
  16. ^ Mijares, Primitivo (2017). The Conjugal Dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press. ISBN 978-971-550-811-7. OCLC 1020636692.
  17. ^ "DOJ to transfer Bilibid to Nueva Ecija". philstar.com.
  18. ^ "Manila Standard – Google News Archive Search".
  19. ^ Torres-Tupas, Tetch (June 7, 2021). "Inmate about to be released from detention escapes from Bilibid". Inquirer.net. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
  20. ^ a b Gluckman, Ron (July 23, 1999). . Asiaweek. Archived from the original on May 31, 2001. Retrieved January 25, 2020. - Alternate link at Gluckman's website
  21. ^ Torres-Tupas, Tetch (July 15, 2015). "DOJ drawing list of inmates to occupy death chamber-turned-prison". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  22. ^ a b Liwag, Ramon J. (PDF). United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders (UNAFEI). Archived from the original (PDF) on April 24, 2009. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  23. ^ Narag, R (2016). "Understanding Prison Management in the Philippines". The Prison Journal.
  24. ^ Hicap, Jonathan M. (October 1, 2007). . The Manila Times. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  25. ^ "Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council". Retrieved May 26, 2008.
  26. ^ Caruncho, Eric S. (November 18, 2007). . Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on April 20, 2009. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  27. ^ Seno, Alexandra A. (1996). A Wedding Behind Bars March 9, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. The Asiaweek Website, retrieved July 29, 2010
  28. ^ Vanzi, Sol Jose (April 8, 1998) Robin Padilla Is Free. The Newsflash Website, retrieved July 29, 2010
  29. ^ Pangalangan, Raul (August 3, 2007). . Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on April 20, 2009. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  30. ^ "Claudio Teehankee Court Decision". Retrieved May 24, 2008.
  31. ^ Hicap, Jonathan M. (January 17, 2005). . The Manila Times. Archived from the original on April 2, 2008. Retrieved May 26, 2008.
  32. ^ "SC acquits Hubert Webb, 6 others in Vizconde massacre". GMA News Online.
  33. ^ Guy, George F. . Archived from the original on May 20, 2008. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
  34. ^ a b Taruc, L., 1967, He Who Rides the Tiger, London: Geoffrey Chapman Ltd.
  35. ^ Jay Taylor (1976). China and Southeast Asia: Peking's relations with revolutionary movements. Praeger. p. 322. ISBN 978-0-275-56830-6.

External links

  • Images by Gerhard Joren at Getty Images
    • "The lethal injection chamber at New Bilibid Prison." February 24, 2004.
    • "The lethal injection chamber at New Bilibid Prison." February 24, 2004.
    • "Superintendent Venancio Tesoro at the lethal injection chamber at New Bilibid Prison." February 27, 2004.

December 31, 2022
bilibid, prison, bilibid, prison, redirects, here, jail, formerly, known, bilibid, prison, manila, city, jail, muntinlupa, metro, manila, main, insular, prison, designed, house, prison, population, philippines, maintained, bureau, corrections, bucor, under, de. Bilibid Prison redirects here For the jail formerly known as the Old Bilibid Prison see Manila City Jail The New Bilibid Prison NBP in Muntinlupa Metro Manila is the main insular prison designed to house the prison population of the Philippines 2 It is maintained by the Bureau of Corrections BuCor under the Department of Justice As of October 2022 the NBP housed 29 204 inmates which exceeds its ideal capacity of 6 345 1 New Bilibid PrisonFacade of the current New Bilibid PrisonShow map of Metro ManilaShow map of LuzonShow map of PhilippinesLocationSampaguita Road Muntinlupa PhilippinesCoordinates14 22 53 89 N 121 01 46 05 E 14 3816361 N 121 0294583 E 14 3816361 121 0294583 Coordinates 14 22 53 89 N 121 01 46 05 E 14 3816361 N 121 0294583 E 14 3816361 121 0294583StatusOperationalSecurity classminimum maximumCapacity6 345 1 Population29 204 1 as of 2022 Opened1940Managed byPhilippine National Police Special Action ForceBureau of CorrectionsDirectorGregorio Catapang Jr CityMuntinlupaCountryPhilippinesIn 1940 the Commonwealth government transferred prisoners to the NBP from the Old Bilibid Prison Spanish Carcel y Presidio Correccional 2 Correctional Jail and Military Prison in Manila The remnants of the old facility were repurposed by the City of Manila as its own detention center known today as Manila City Jail The penitentiary had an initial land area of 551 hectares 1 360 acres but 104 hectares 260 acres were transferred to a housing project of the Department of Justice 3 failed verification Additional land of the NBP Reservation is used for the Bureau of Corrections headquarters 4 During Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II Bilibid was a prisoner of war and civilian internee camp where American soldiers and civilians were held by the Japanese Twelve hundred internees and POWs were freed by the American army on February 4 1945 during the Battle of Manila Contents 1 History 1 1 World War II internee camp 1 2 Postwar era 1 3 Martial Law era 1 4 Contemporary history 2 Facilities 2 1 Death penalty 2 2 Recreational facilities 2 3 Educational facilities 2 4 Katarungan Village 3 Notable inmates 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory Edit Aerial view of New Bilibid Prison Muntinlupa 1940 The Old Bilibid Prison then known as Carcel y Presidio Correccional 2 Spanish Correctional Jail and Military Prison occupied a rectangular piece of land that was part of the Mayhaligue Estate in the heart of Manila The old prison was established by the Spanish colonial government on June 25 1865 via royal decree 3 It was divided into two sections the Carcel which could accommodate 600 inmates and the Presidio which could hold 527 prisoners Due to increasing crime the Commonwealth government enacted Commonwealth Act No 67 2 and a new prison was built in Muntinlupa on a 254 73 hectare 629 5 acre 3 land in an area considered at that time to be remote Muntinlupa then a municipality in the province of Rizal is several miles southeast of downtown Manila near the shores of Laguna de Bay Construction began on New Bilibid in 1936 with a budget of one million Philippine pesos 2 In 1940 the prisoners equipment and facilities were transferred from Old Bilibid to the new prison The remnants of the old facility was used by the City of Manila as its detention center In 1941 the new facility was officially named New Bilibid Prison World War II internee camp Edit Prisoners of war at the New Bilibid and Luzon POW Camp Number 1 During World War II and the Japanese Occupation of the Philippines both the Old Bilibid and New Bilibid Prisons were used as Prisoner of War POW camps hospitals for POWs and transit centers for POWs being transferred to other locations primarily to Japan More than 13 000 POWs the majority of them American were processed at these Manila area facilities during the war 5 Included in that total are 500 civilian internees who were moved to Bilibid from the Camp Holmes Internment Camp near Baguio in December 1944 6 Thousands of POWs who transited Bilibid Prison en route to Japan were killed when the Hell ships on which they were being transported were sunk by American military aircraft or submarines the Americans being unaware that POWs were on board the ships 7 The Old Bilibid prison continued to be used by the Japanese Kempeitai military police for holding special prisoners throughout their occupation of Manila and Luzon General Vicente Lim was among those interned there The Battle of Manila began on February 3 1945 and that evening the civilians in Old Bilibid Prison heard the unmistakable sound of American voices outside the walls The American soldiers outside however seemed unaware of the prisoners inside Bilibid but had the objective of liberating the 4 000 civilian internees at Santo Tomas Internment Camp two kilometers one mile away The battle near the prison raged all that night but the next morning the Japanese guards abandoned Bilibid leaving a message to the POWs and internees that they should avoid leaving Bilibid and posting a sign at the gate advising Lawfully released Prisoners of War and internees are quartered here 8 The internees hoisted the American flag over Bilibid but after an explosion nearby the departing Japanese came back to warn them that the flag would draw fire from Japanese artillery 9 At 7 p m on that evening February 4 1945 American soldiers from the 37th Ohio National Guard broke through the wall into the compound 10 The liberated POWs and internees at Old Bilibid numbered 1 200 including 700 soldiers and 500 civilians The civilian internees remained in Bilibid for another month until the Battle of Manila concluded with the Japanese defenders wiped out 11 The internees were then flown to Leyte and from there they were repatriated to the United States One of the civilian internees described the repatriation process as being badgered by friends rather than the enemy The former internees were infuriated at having to promise to pay the U S government 275 per person for repatriation Many of the civilian internees long term residents of the Philippines or related to Filipinos were reluctant to leave but were pressured to do so by the U S military 12 13 Postwar era Edit From the end of World War II until 1953 Japanese war criminals were held within the prison under Prison Superintendent Alfredo Bunye 14 Martial Law era Edit Main articles Dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos and Human rights abuses of the Marcos dictatorship The rise of the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos saw the establishment of the Sampaguita Rehabilitation Center later named Camp Sampaguita within the NBP compound It served both as the headquarters of the 225th Philippine Constabulary Company and also as a stockade for Political Prisoners 15 Sampaguita was the southernmost of four major clusters of concentration camps for political prisoners in the Greater Manila Area at the time Sampaguita being the S in A B C and S with the other letters representing Camps Aguinaldo A Bonifacio B and Crame C 16 Contemporary history Edit On June 5 2014 Department of Justice Undersecretary Francisco Baraan III supervising official on the Bureau of Corrections and the NBP said that the National Penitentiary will be moved to Barangay San Isidro in Laur Nueva Ecija 17 18 Facilities EditThe New Bilibid Prison consists of three compounds the maximum security compound which houses inmates serving a prison sentence of more than 20 years the medium security compound which houses those serving less than 20 years and the minimum security compound which houses those close to completing their sentence or who are 70 years old and above 19 An execution by garrote vil at the Old Bilibid Prison Manila Philippines 1901 In 1999 Ron Gluckman of Asiaweek wrote that due to the commercial activity and relative freedom of movement in most of the prison the facility seems more like a barangay in the Philippines than a prison 20 Death penalty Edit See also Capital punishment in the Philippines The execution chamber for inmates sentenced to death by electrocution was in Building 14 within the Maximum Security Compound As of 2015 it is used to house maximum security prisoners The former lethal injection chamber is now used as the Bureau of Corrections BuCor Museum 21 Seven men were executed by lethal injection between 1999 and 2000 Gluckman wrote that the men s death row in Building One was uncharacteristic of the rest of the prison The place reeks of gas burners sewage sweat and fear 20 Recreational facilities Edit The prisoners pass the time in the basketball court in the penitentiary s gymnasium and are also engaged in the production of handicrafts Various religious denominations are active in prison ministry with Mass said daily in the prison s Roman Catholic chapel a locale of the Iglesia Ni Cristo is also on the prison grounds Religious groups such as the Philippine Jesuit Prison Service Caritas Manila Seventh day Adventist Church and Amazing Grace Christian Ministries also extend medical services to prisoners 22 Research participants agree that the use of inmate leaders is an integral component of prison management in the MSC Inmates can either assume custodial administrative and rehabilitation functions 23 Educational facilities Edit Educational facilities inside the compound provide elementary education high school education vocational training and adult literacy programs It also provides a Bachelor s Degree in Commerce 22 The New Bilibid Prison also houses a talipapa small wet and flea market where prisoners can buy daily commodities 24 Katarungan Village Edit On September 5 1991 President Corazon C Aquino issued Presidential Proclamation No 792 which was amended by Presidential Proclamation No 120 on December 15 1992 to the effect that 104 22 hectares 257 5 acres of land be developed into housing for employees of the Department of Justice and other government agencies This housing project is known as the Katarungan Justice Village 25 Notable inmates EditAmado V Hernandez is a National Artist of the Philippines for Literature who wrote his masterpieces while imprisoned in the facility 26 Actor Robin Padilla converted to Islam and wed in an Islamic ceremony his first wife Liezl Sicangco whilst serving a 2 year prison sentence for illegal weapons possession 27 He was released in 1998 after having been granted pardon by President Fidel Ramos 28 Claire Phillips an American spy who was awarded the Medal of Freedom in 1951 Former Philippine senator Jovito Salonga was imprisoned by the Kempetai in April 1942 during the onset of the Japanese Occupation in World War II 29 Claudio Teehankee Jr the son of former Chief Justice Claudio Teehankee Sr who was convicted of murder homicide and attempted murder on October 6 1995 30 He was later released in 2008 Hubert Webb the son of former senator Freddie Webb was convicted on January 6 2000 for his alleged role in the June 1991 Vizconde Massacre 31 The Supreme Court later acquitted Webb on December 14 2010 32 Antonio Sanchez former mayor of Calauan Laguna who was convicted of rape and homicide on March 14 1995 for his alleged role in the June 1993 murders of Eileen Sarmenta and Allan Gomez General Tomoyuki Yamashita was the commander of the Japanese Imperial Army in the Philippines in 1944 He was incarcerated while undergoing trial for war crimes committed during the Japanese Occupation and was eventually executed by hanging in Los Banos Laguna on February 23 1946 33 Jonel Nuezca perpetrator of the 2020 Tarlac shooting He died while imprisoned on November 30 2021 Luis Taruc a communist who pleaded guilty to a charge of rebellion in 1954 and was sentenced to 12 years imprisonment 34 143 144 He was later sentenced to four life terms for additional crimes 34 144 147 He was pardoned in 1968 by president then dictator Ferdinand Marcos 35 See also Edit2014 New Bilibid Prison raids New Bilibid Prison drug trafficking scandal Muntinlupa Sunken Garden Naval Base ManilaReferences Edit a b c Bolledo Jairo November 21 2022 Even behind bars prisoners take part in crimes Here s why Rappler Retrieved November 21 2022 a b c d e Corrections in the Philippines Archived from the original on April 11 2008 Retrieved May 24 2008 full citation needed a b c IN NUMBERS The inmates of New Bilibid Prison Philippine Daily Inquirer June 26 2007 Retrieved May 25 2008 About the Bureau of Corrections Archived 2009 10 05 at the Wayback Machine Bureau of Corrections Retrieved on October 2 2010 Bureau of Corrections NBP Reservation Muntinlupa Philippines Notes http www west point or family japanese pow HudsonFastNotes htm permanent dead link accessed April 27 2016 Mansell Donald E 2003 Under the Shadow of the Rising Sun Nampa ID Pacific Press pp 216 217 22 249 Gladwin Lee A 2003 American POWs on Japanese Ships Take a Voyage into Hell Prologue Magazine Vo 35 No 4 https www archives gov publications prologue 2003 winter hell ships 1 html accessed April 28 2016 Crouter Natalie 1980 Forbidden Diary A Record of Wartime Internment 1941 1945 New York But Franklin amp Co pp 467 470 Miles Fern Harrington 1987 Captive Community Life in a Japanese Internment Camp 1941 1945 Jefferson City TN Mossy Creek Press pp 162 163 Mansell pp 247 254 Internment Camp 3 Baguio and Bilibid Prison http bacepow net bilibid ht permanent dead link accessed April 28 2016 Crouter 502 503 Hartendorp A V H The Japanese Occupation of the Philippines Manila Bookmark 1967 pp 613 626 Calunsod Ronron April 30 2015 Philippine prison chief s humane treatment of Japanese POWs a lesson in forgiveness son Japan Times Kyodo Retrieved July 30 2019 Niefes Felizardo Dullavin 2009 Ang Kasaysayan ng mga Pambansang Preso sa Pilipinas 1946 2003 UP Departamento ng Kasaysayan p 320 Mijares Primitivo 2017 The Conjugal Dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos Quezon City Ateneo de Manila University Press ISBN 978 971 550 811 7 OCLC 1020636692 DOJ to transfer Bilibid to Nueva Ecija philstar com Manila Standard Google News Archive Search Torres Tupas Tetch June 7 2021 Inmate about to be released from detention escapes from Bilibid Inquirer net Retrieved June 6 2022 a b Gluckman Ron July 23 1999 INSIDE STORY CRIME AND PUNISHMENT Asiaweek Archived from the original on May 31 2001 Retrieved January 25 2020 Alternate link at Gluckman s website Torres Tupas Tetch July 15 2015 DOJ drawing list of inmates to occupy death chamber turned prison Philippine Daily Inquirer Retrieved May 4 2017 a b Liwag Ramon J Community Involvement in the Rehabilitation and Treatment of Offenders PDF United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders UNAFEI Archived from the original PDF on April 24 2009 Retrieved May 25 2008 Narag R 2016 Understanding Prison Management in the Philippines The Prison Journal Hicap Jonathan M October 1 2007 New Bilibid to be like alien planet to Erap The Manila Times Archived from the original on December 11 2007 Retrieved May 25 2008 Housing and Urban Development Coordinating Council Retrieved May 26 2008 Caruncho Eric S November 18 2007 The blood of a poet Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on April 20 2009 Retrieved May 25 2008 Seno Alexandra A 1996 A Wedding Behind Bars Archived March 9 2012 at the Wayback Machine The Asiaweek Website retrieved July 29 2010 Vanzi Sol Jose April 8 1998 Robin Padilla Is Free The Newsflash Website retrieved July 29 2010 Pangalangan Raul August 3 2007 PASSION FOR REASON Jovito Salonga as Magsaysay laureate Philippine Daily Inquirer Archived from the original on April 20 2009 Retrieved May 25 2008 Claudio Teehankee Court Decision Retrieved May 24 2008 Hicap Jonathan M January 17 2005 Hubert s main defense I was in California The Manila Times Archived from the original on April 2 2008 Retrieved May 26 2008 SC acquits Hubert Webb 6 others in Vizconde massacre GMA News Online Guy George F The Defense of General Yamashita Archived from the original on May 20 2008 Retrieved May 25 2008 a b Taruc L 1967 He Who Rides the Tiger London Geoffrey Chapman Ltd Jay Taylor 1976 China and Southeast Asia Peking s relations with revolutionary movements Praeger p 322 ISBN 978 0 275 56830 6 External links EditImages by Gerhard Joren at Getty Images The lethal injection chamber at New Bilibid Prison February 24 2004 The lethal injection chamber at New Bilibid Prison February 24 2004 Superintendent Venancio Tesoro at the lethal injection chamber at New Bilibid Prison February 27 2004 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title New Bilibid Prison amp oldid 1124747955, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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