Pinus kesiya (Khasi pine, Benguet pine or three-needled pine) is one of the most widely distributed pines in Asia. Its range extends south and east from the Khasi Hills in the northeast Indian state of Meghalaya, to northern Thailand, Philippines, Burma, Cambodia, Laos, southernmost China, and Vietnam. It is an important plantation species elsewhere in the world, including in southern Africa and South America.[2][3]
The common name "Khasi pine" is from the Khasi hills in India, and "Benguet pine" is from the landlocked province of Benguet in Luzon, Philippines, where it is the dominant species of the Luzon tropical pine forests. The Benguet pine is sometimes treated as a separate species, Pinus insularis; however, the current opinion is to treat these as conspecific with P. kesiya. The city of Baguio is nicknamed "The City of Pines", as it is noted for large stands of this tree.
Pinus kesiya is a tree reaching up to 30–35 metres (98–115 feet) tall with a straight, cylindrical trunk. The bark is thick and dark brown, with deep longitudinal fissures. The branches are robust, red brown from the second year, the branchlets horizontal to drooping. The leaves are needle-like, dark green, usually 3 per fascicle, 15–20 centimetres (6–8 inches) long, the fascicle sheath 1–2 cm (1⁄2–3⁄4 in) long and persistent. The cones are ovoid, 5–9 cm (2–3+1⁄2 in) long, often curved downwards, sometimes slightly distorted; the scales of second-year cones are dense, the umbo a little convex, sometimes acutely spinous. The scales have transverse and longitudinal ridges across the middle of the scale surface. The seeds are winged, 6–7 millimetres (1⁄4–9⁄32 in) long with a 1.5–2.5 cm wing. Pollination occurs in mid-spring, with the cones maturing 18–20 months after.[citation needed]
Khasi pine usually grows in pure stands or mixed with broad-leaved trees, but does not form open pine forests.[citation needed]
Usesedit
The soft and light timber of Pinus kesiya can be used for a wide range of applications, including boxes, paper pulp, and temporary electric poles. It is intensely used for timber, both sourced in natural forests and plantations.[2][3]
The good-quality resin is not abundant and has not been much used except during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines for the production of turpentine.[citation needed]
^Farjon, A. (2013). "Pinus kesiya". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42372A2975925. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42372A2975925.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ abLuu, Nguyen Duc To; Philip Ian Thomas (2004). . Nhà xuất bản Thế giới. pp. 42–43. ISBN1-872291-64-3. Archived from the original on 2007-05-19.
^ ab"Pinus kesiya". AgroForestryTree Database. International Centre for Research in Agroforestry. Retrieved 17 April 2012.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pinus kesiya.
Gymnosperm Database: Pinus kesiya
Suitability of Pinus kesiya for tree-ring analyses
"Luzon Tropical Forests". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
December 16, 2023
pinus, kesiya, khasi, pine, benguet, pine, three, needled, pine, most, widely, distributed, pines, asia, range, extends, south, east, from, khasi, hills, northeast, indian, state, meghalaya, northern, thailand, philippines, burma, cambodia, laos, southernmost,. Pinus kesiya Khasi pine Benguet pine or three needled pine is one of the most widely distributed pines in Asia Its range extends south and east from the Khasi Hills in the northeast Indian state of Meghalaya to northern Thailand Philippines Burma Cambodia Laos southernmost China and Vietnam It is an important plantation species elsewhere in the world including in southern Africa and South America 2 3 Pinus kesiyaKhasi pine in Benguet PhilippinesConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationKingdom PlantaeClade TracheophytesClade GymnospermaeDivision PinophytaClass PinopsidaOrder PinalesFamily PinaceaeGenus PinusSubgenus P subg PinusSection P sect PinusSubsection P subsect PinusSpecies P kesiyaBinomial namePinus kesiyaRoyle ex GordonThe common name Khasi pine is from the Khasi hills in India and Benguet pine is from the landlocked province of Benguet in Luzon Philippines where it is the dominant species of the Luzon tropical pine forests The Benguet pine is sometimes treated as a separate species Pinus insularis however the current opinion is to treat these as conspecific with P kesiya The city of Baguio is nicknamed The City of Pines as it is noted for large stands of this tree Contents 1 Description 2 Uses 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDescription edit nbsp Bark of Benguet pinePinus kesiya is a tree reaching up to 30 35 metres 98 115 feet tall with a straight cylindrical trunk The bark is thick and dark brown with deep longitudinal fissures The branches are robust red brown from the second year the branchlets horizontal to drooping The leaves are needle like dark green usually 3 per fascicle 15 20 centimetres 6 8 inches long the fascicle sheath 1 2 cm 1 2 3 4 in long and persistent The cones are ovoid 5 9 cm 2 3 1 2 in long often curved downwards sometimes slightly distorted the scales of second year cones are dense the umbo a little convex sometimes acutely spinous The scales have transverse and longitudinal ridges across the middle of the scale surface The seeds are winged 6 7 millimetres 1 4 9 32 in long with a 1 5 2 5 cm wing Pollination occurs in mid spring with the cones maturing 18 20 months after citation needed Khasi pine usually grows in pure stands or mixed with broad leaved trees but does not form open pine forests citation needed Uses editThe soft and light timber of Pinus kesiya can be used for a wide range of applications including boxes paper pulp and temporary electric poles It is intensely used for timber both sourced in natural forests and plantations 2 3 The good quality resin is not abundant and has not been much used except during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines for the production of turpentine citation needed See also editCasuarina equisetifolia the agoho pineReferences edit Farjon A 2013 Pinus kesiya IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013 e T42372A2975925 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2013 1 RLTS T42372A2975925 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 a b Luu Nguyen Duc To Philip Ian Thomas 2004 Conifers of Vietnam Nha xuất bản Thế giới pp 42 43 ISBN 1 872291 64 3 Archived from the original on 2007 05 19 a b Pinus kesiya AgroForestryTree Database International Centre for Research in Agroforestry Retrieved 17 April 2012 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pinus kesiya Gymnosperm Database Pinus kesiya Suitability of Pinus kesiya for tree ring analyses Luzon Tropical Forests Terrestrial Ecoregions World Wildlife Fund Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pinus kesiya amp oldid 1182015936, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
