In botany, a pome[pronunciation?] is a type of fruit produced by flowering plants in the subtribe Malinae of the family Rosaceae. Pome fruits consist of a central "core" containing multiple small seeds, which is enveloped by a tough membrane and surrounded by an edible layer of flesh.[1] Pome fruit trees are deciduous, and undergo a dormant winter period that requires cold temperatures to break dormancy in spring.[1] Well-known pomes include the apple, pear, and quince.[1]
An apple is a pome fruit. The parts of the fruit are labelled.
The word pome entered English in the late 14th century, and referred to an apple or an apple-shaped object. It derived from the Old French word for "apple": pome (12th century; modern French is pomme), which in turn derived from the Late Latin or Vulgar Latin word poma "apple", originally the plural of Latin pomum "fruit", later "apple".[2]
Morphologyedit
A pome is an accessory fruit composed of one or more carpels surrounded by accessory tissue. The accessory tissue is interpreted by some specialists as an extension of the receptacle and is then referred to as "fruit cortex",[3] and by others as a fused hypanthium (floral cup).[3] It is the most edible part of this fruit.[citation needed]
The carpels of a pome are fused within the "core".[4] Although the epicarp, mesocarp, and endocarp of some other fruit types look very much like the skin, flesh, and core respectively of a pome, they are parts of the carpel (see above diagram). The epicarp and mesocarp of a pome may be fleshy and difficult to distinguish from one another and from the hypanthial tissue. The endocarp forms a leathery or stony case around the seed, and corresponds to what is commonly called the core.[citation needed]
The shriveled remains of the sepals, style and stamens can sometimes be seen at the end of a pome opposite the stem, and the ovary is therefore often described as inferior in these flowers.[citation needed]
Some pomes may have a mealy texture (e.g., some apples); others (e.g., Amelanchier, Aronia) are berry-like with juicy flesh and a core that is not very noticeable.[citation needed]
^ abEsau, K. 1977. Anatomy of seed plants. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
^Hickey, M.; King, C. (2001). The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms. Cambridge University Press.
^Potter, D.; Eriksson, T.; Evans, R.C.; Oh, S.; Smedmark, J.E.E.; Morgan, D.R.; Kerr, M.; Robertson, K.R.; Arsenault, M.; Dickinson, T.A.; Campbell, C.S. (2007). "Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 266 (1–2): 5–43. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9. S2CID 16578516.
External linksedit
Media related to Pome at Wikimedia Commons
February 15, 2024
pome, confused, with, poem, pomme, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar,. Not to be confused with Poem or Pomme This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Pome news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message In botany a pome pronunciation is a type of fruit produced by flowering plants in the subtribe Malinae of the family Rosaceae Pome fruits consist of a central core containing multiple small seeds which is enveloped by a tough membrane and surrounded by an edible layer of flesh 1 Pome fruit trees are deciduous and undergo a dormant winter period that requires cold temperatures to break dormancy in spring 1 Well known pomes include the apple pear and quince 1 An apple is a pome fruit The parts of the fruit are labelled Contents 1 Etymology 2 Morphology 3 Examples 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEtymology editThe word pome entered English in the late 14th century and referred to an apple or an apple shaped object It derived from the Old French word for apple pome 12th century modern French is pomme which in turn derived from the Late Latin or Vulgar Latin word poma apple originally the plural of Latin pomum fruit later apple 2 Morphology editA pome is an accessory fruit composed of one or more carpels surrounded by accessory tissue The accessory tissue is interpreted by some specialists as an extension of the receptacle and is then referred to as fruit cortex 3 and by others as a fused hypanthium floral cup 3 It is the most edible part of this fruit citation needed The carpels of a pome are fused within the core 4 Although the epicarp mesocarp and endocarp of some other fruit types look very much like the skin flesh and core respectively of a pome they are parts of the carpel see above diagram The epicarp and mesocarp of a pome may be fleshy and difficult to distinguish from one another and from the hypanthial tissue The endocarp forms a leathery or stony case around the seed and corresponds to what is commonly called the core citation needed Pome type fruit with stony rather than leathery endocarp may be called a polypyrenous drupe 5 The shriveled remains of the sepals style and stamens can sometimes be seen at the end of a pome opposite the stem and the ovary is therefore often described as inferior in these flowers citation needed Examples edit nbsp Pomes of common medlar Mespilus germanicaThe best known example of a pome is the apple Other examples of plants that produce fruit classified as a pome are Cotoneaster Crataegus hawthorn and mayhaw medlar pear Pyracantha quince rowan loquat toyon and whitebeam citation needed Some pomes may have a mealy texture e g some apples others e g Amelanchier Aronia are berry like with juicy flesh and a core that is not very noticeable citation needed See also editCider Nut fruit References edit a b c Apples pears and other pome fruit www dpi nsw gov au 2017 Retrieved 2023 02 23 Harper Douglas Online Etymological Dictionary entry pome Online Etymological Dictionary Retrieved 2 June 2016 a b Esau K 1977 Anatomy of seed plants John Wiley and Sons New York Hickey M King C 2001 The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms Cambridge University Press Potter D Eriksson T Evans R C Oh S Smedmark J E E Morgan D R Kerr M Robertson K R Arsenault M Dickinson T A Campbell C S 2007 Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae Plant Systematics and Evolution 266 1 2 5 43 doi 10 1007 s00606 007 0539 9 S2CID 16578516 External links edit nbsp Media related to Pome at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pome amp oldid 1195131321, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
