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Bajju people

January 07, 2023

The Ba̠jju are an ethnic group found in the Middle Belt (Central) area of Nigeria. The word Ba̠jju is a short for "Ba̠nyet Jju" which simply means "Jju People" and is used to refer to the speakers of the Jju language found in the Ka̠jju, the homeland of the Jju people.[2] They are found in the Southern part of Kaduna State, chiefly in Kachia, Zangon Kataf, Jama'a and in Kaduna South Local Government Areas. Ba̠jju people are also commonly known as "Kaje" which is a pejorative name used to refer to both the Jju people and Jju language by the larger Hausa people who could not pronounce the name Ka̠jju (meaning the land of the Ba̠jju people) well. The Ba̠jju people are predominantly farmers, hunters, blacksmiths and petty traders.[citation needed][3][4][5][6]

Bajju
Total population
300,000 (1988 SIL)[1]
Regions with significant populations
Nigeria
Languages
Jju
Religion
Christianity, A̠bvoi
Related ethnic groups
Atyap, Ham, Bakulu, Afizere, Irigwe, Berom, Jukun, Kuteb and other Platoid peoples of the Middle Belt, Tiv, Igbo, Yoruba, Edo, Efik and other Benue-Congo peoples of Middle Belt and southern Nigeria

Origin and history

According to oral history, the origin of the Ba̠jju can be traced as far as Bauchi State where a group of people lived in hill caves and had watchers atop the hill to watch for enemies. These people were called 'mutanen duwatsu' (literal translation in English from Hausa is 'the mountain people' or 'ba̠nyet tsok in Jju).[7] It was believed that their migration was for the search of better hunting grounds. They migrated from the Bauchi state part of the Jos-Bauchi high plateau and settled on a hill called 'Hurruang' in the Plateau state part of the area, in central Nigeria. The hill was already occupied by a tribe called the Afizere (also called 'Jarawa' by the Hausa), but the Afizere people left and lived on another hill called 'Tsok-kwon' (in Jju), probably same as Shere hills.[6]

The Afizere also lay claims to migrating from the 'Miango' area, presently occupied by the Irigwe. The Ba̠jju, Irigwe, and Afizere tribes collectively called themselves 'Dangi' (meaning 'those of same stock', rendered in the Hausa language) because they share cultural and linguistic similarities.[citation needed][8]

Two brothers named Zampara and Wai were said to have left ‘Dangi’ settlement and migrated South of the Plateau. The Atsam (also known as 'Chawai') people of today are the descendants Wai. Wai settled at a place and named it Chawai. Considering that the forefathers of both the Ba̠jju and Chawai (Atsam) people had family ties made both nations affiliated.[citation needed][9]

Zampara migrated further and settled at Hurbuang, which is now called Ungwan Tabo. Zampara had a wife named Adama (who was a Fulani woman) and gave birth to two sons, Ba̠ranzan and A̠kad. When Zampara, their father died A̠kad left his elder brother Ba̠ranzan and stayed near the hills. He did so and became the ancestor of the A̠takat people. That was how the A̠takat tribe got associated with the Ba̠jju. It was because of this close relationship that the Atakat and Ba̠jju people made it a tradition and a religious law never to intermarry.[citation needed][10]

Descendants of Ba̠ranzan

Ba̠ranzan had five sons namely:

A̠NKWAK was the eldest son of Ba̠ranzan. He had the following children: Ka̠murum, A̠kurdan, Kpunyai, A̠za̠wuru, Ka̠tsiik, Gatun, Byet, Duhuan, A̠tachab, Rika̠wa̠n, Chenchuuk, Rika̠yakwon, Zi̠bvong, Ka̠masa, A̠nkpang, and Byena.

TUAN the second son had the following children: Zankirwa, A̠tutyen, Kukwan, Vongkpang, Zat, Furgyam, Sansun, Ka̠mantsok, Dinyring, A̠mankwo, Kpong, Zantun, Dichu'a̠don.

A̠KA̠DON the third child had the following children: Tsoriyang, Wadon, Rebvok, A̠bvong, Chiyua.

KANSHUWA the fourth child had the following children: Jei, Dihwugwai, Zagwom, Ta̠bak, Baihom, Bairuap, Zambyin.

IDUANG the fifth and last born of Ba̠ranzan had the following children: Zuturung, Zunkwa, Zansak, Dibyii, A̠bvo.

However, some stubborn Ba̠jju and A̠takat people intermarried, and this caused the widespread death of 1970, Gaiya (2013). The Gado of Ba̠jju, along with his people, met with the Gado of A̠takat, along with his people, to discuss the crisis of frequent deaths of people of both tribes as a result of the intermarriages.

They reached a decision to abolish the law religiously and traditionally so that there would not be any consequence for the intermarriage. That was how the A̠takat and Ba̠jju people began to intermarry freely.

The previously mentioned Ba̠ranzan (son of Zampara, and brother of A̠kad) left Hurbuang and cleared a place by a riverside called 'Duccuu Chen'. He settled the Ka̠jju there (Ka̠jju was the initial name of the Ba̠jju). The name 'Ka̠jju' was derived from the name which Ba̠ranzan gave the new settlement, which was 'Ka̠zzu'.

Although it is unclear from oral history when the migration occurred, but evidence suggests that the Ba̠jju were in their current location since the early 1800s, Gaiya (2013).[citation needed]

Culture

Bajju witchcraft and rites

There are many rites in Kajju land such as things like rain, farming, harvest, new house, pregnancy, and child-naming.[11] Tyyi Tson (Euthanasia): Tyyi Tson means 'to give hungry rice' (hungry rice was a type of rice which the Bajju thought of as the most sacred and perhaps elite). This practice involved offering an elderly woman poisoned hungry rice (called 'Kasap') to end her suffering of physical infirmity. It was usually done by one of her children or her sister.[12]

Nkut: (witchcraft) This is the power to exert spiritual influence over another person. People who use Nkut are referred to as 'Akut', and are believed to have a second set of eyes. The first set allows one to see the physical, while the other is used to see into the spiritual realm.[13][14]

Gajimale (water spirit): A gajimale comes out of rivers, or streams to seduce its victims by transforming into a good looking opposite sex of the victim. It was a belief that many rich people got their wealth from Gajimale, and in return, they gave children to it. Epilepsy (known as rong ncen meaning "fire of the river") was believed to be caused by the Gajimale.[15][16]

A̠bvoi (or Abvwoi): The Bajju had a religious institution called the Abvoi. The leader of the Abvoi shrine was called the 'Gado Abvoi' or 'Dodo'. The 'Magajin Abvoi' is the one who translates the messages of Abvoi to the people. The celebrations involved masquerade dances.[17]

Masquerades (Abusak): They represented the spirits in Abvoi celebrations. The Abusak danced with women and disciplines them by beating them.[18]

Taboos and Superstitions

Children were not to eat eggs, and they were not to eat meat offered to them at other households, for it may be Nkut meat neither were they to go out in the heat of the midday sun, for they may accept food from Akut.[19]

Women:

  • Were not to eat eggs, for they would be 'eating' their own children;[2]
  • Were not allowed to eat chicken and birds in general;
  • Were not to cook or carry out farm activities for 7 days following child birth;
  • Were not allowed to hit the wall with their hands or feet, for they would be calling the Abvoi;
  • Were not allowed to hit people with brooms, especially men, for they would be sweeping away all of his charms and power (including the power to impregnate a woman);
  • Pregnant women were not to eat sugarcane; for their babies would grow too fat;
  • Women were not to eat animal heads.

Men:

  • Were not to allow their hair shaved halfway, for a spirit would come to finish the job, and cause the man to go mad;
  • Were not to eat food prepared by menstruating women, for they would be exposed to blindness or bad luck in hunting;
  • Were not to share secrets of the ancestor cult with women.

General taboos

  • Spirit snakes should not be killed. It may be the spirit of a person sleeping or having a fever;[20]
  • Do not whistle at night; for it would call a spirit;
  • Do not whistle in the house of a hunter; for his charms would stop working;
  • Do not blow food to cool it;
  • A visitor must not eat food alone. A person from the visited household must eat with the guest to prove the food is not poisoned;
  • People were not to talk while eating. Even though a stranger came in, they should not greet until they finished eating;
  • One should not answer a call at night; for the person might die;
  • One should not step over arrows;
  • A cock that crows between dusk and midnight must be killed; for it calls the spirits.

Rules

  • Men are buried facing east (direction of Bajju origin) while women were buried facing west.
  • Those who died as a result of falling off a tree, falling off the roof of a house, or shot during hunting, were buried where the incident took place, and do not receive a burial ceremony.
  • Women who died during child birth were buried at the backyard of their home.
  • Someone with small pox was isolated because they believed he was a wizard. They are not given a burial ceremony after dying.
  • Before drinking, elders were to pour a few drops on the ground for the ancestors.
  • The Bajju believed in reincarnation.
  • The Bajju believed that when a shooting star passes across the sky, a great man has died somewhere and is going to land somewhere else for reincarnation.

Taking oaths

Men could swear the following oaths:

  • Sshi a̠nok: To swear on one's hoe. The oath was 'If I did this, may the hoe cut my leg'.
  • Sshi ka̠ta: To swear on one's bow.
  • Sswa mbyin: To swear on a drum. A drum was kept with each village's gado (village head) and was used for matters affecting the entire village and used to settle local disputes.

Women could swear the following oaths:

  • Sshi a̠byai: To swear on one's headboard (the item used to rest loads atop women's heads). If her oath was false, her child birth would not be a safe delivery.
  • Sswa a̠bubvo: To swear on one's skin. The skin is the piece of clothing used to secure a child on her back. If the oath was false, the child in the skin would die.
  • Sswa ka̠tssong: To swear on one's axe. 'May her axe cut her if her oath is false'.

Life After Death

Bājju People like any other tribe in African believe in life after death in the sense that they acknowledge that ancestors performs some function to enable human happiness and prosperity.[1] Their will is sought for at any time and for every purpose in life. People seek to be in good terms with the ancestors, and they show them respect in their families. It is also believed that the elder must eat first before any other person and when taking drink, they have to pour some drops on the ground for the ancestors to take.[4]

Language

Main article: Jju language

The Bajju People, speak the Jju language, which is one of the Central Plateau languages, and seems to be a variant of Tyap, alongside Gworok, Fantswam, Takad, Tyuku, Tyap proper, Sholyio and Tyeca̠rak, whose speakers are ethnically distinct.[21]

Politics

The Ba̠jju people are governed by a traditional leader appointed by the Kaduna State government who governs the affairs of the people, whose headquarters is at Zonkwa (or A̠zunkwa).

The Ba̠jju paramount Leader is called A̠gwam Ba̠jju. The first and current leader is His Royal Highness, A̠gwam Ba̠jju I, A̠gwam Nuhu Bature A̠chi (OON).[2]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ a b "Jju". Ethnologue. Retrieved 2017-04-30.
  2. ^ a b c "Women were forbidden from eating eggs in Bajju for fear of killing their foetuses - Bature, Agwam Bajju I". Punch. Punch. May 18, 2019. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
  3. ^ Ibrahim, James (2007). The politics of creation of Chiefdoms in Kaduna State. p. 66.
  4. ^ a b Naija, Sabi. "WHO ARE THE BAJJU PEOPLE OF CENTRAL NIGERIA?". Sabi Naija. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  5. ^ Meek, C.K (1931). Tribes Studies in Northern Nigeria.
  6. ^ a b Sunny, Idunwo (1999-06-05). "The Guardian News". p. 6.
  7. ^ O., Temple (1966). Tribes, provinces, Emirates and states of the northern provinces of Nigeria. London: Frank Cass & Co. LTD. pp. 45–56.
  8. ^ O., Temple (1965). Tribes, provinces, Emirates and states of the northern provinces of Nigeria. Frank Cass & co.ltd.
  9. ^ "Giving peace a chance in kafanchan". The Guardian. 12 June 1999. p. 27.
  10. ^ Kaduna state of Nigeria (2001). The judicial commission of inquiry into the communal crisis between the Bajju and Ikulu community at kamaru in Ikulu chefdon. White paper.
  11. ^ "The Bajju People of Southern Kaduna: The Baranzan Race". Echoes of Hope. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  12. ^ "The Bajju People of Southern Kaduna: The Baranzan Race". Echoes of Hope. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  13. ^ McKinney, Carol V. (1992). "Wives and Sisters: Bajju Marital Patterns". Ethnology. 31 (1): 75–87. doi:10.2307/3773443. ISSN 0014-1828. JSTOR 3773443.
  14. ^ Mckinney, C. (1985). The Bajju of Central Nigeria: A case study of Religious and social change. Southern Methodist University thesis.
  15. ^ McKinney, Carol V. (1992). "Wives and Sisters: Bajju Marital Patterns". Ethnology. 31 (1): 75–87. doi:10.2307/3773443. ISSN 0014-1828. JSTOR 3773443.
  16. ^ Ninyio, M.O.U (1993). the Kagoro and their Neighbours: A critical Study of inter group relations in Central Nigeria up 1800. UNiversity Of Jos Thesis.
  17. ^ Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (2021-08-22). "Popular taboos, beliefs and superstitions of the Bajju people of Kaduna". Pulse Nigeria. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  18. ^ Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (2021-08-22). "Popular taboos, beliefs and superstitions of the Bajju people of Kaduna". Pulse Nigeria. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  19. ^ Onyeakagbu, Adaobi (2021-08-22). "Popular taboos, beliefs and superstitions of the Bajju people of Kaduna". Pulse Nigeria. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  20. ^ "The Bajju People of Southern Kaduna: The Baranzan Race | Echoes of Hope". www.theechoesofhope.com. Retrieved 2022-02-09.
  21. ^ Central Plateau languages. Kay Williamson Educational Foundation. Retrieved 2019-07-11.

Further reading

January 07, 2023
bajju, people, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Bajju people news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Some of this article s listed sources may not be reliable Please help this article by looking for better more reliable sources Unreliable citations may be challenged or deleted January 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The Ba jju are an ethnic group found in the Middle Belt Central area of Nigeria The word Ba jju is a short for Ba nyet Jju which simply means Jju People and is used to refer to the speakers of the Jju language found in the Ka jju the homeland of the Jju people 2 They are found in the Southern part of Kaduna State chiefly in Kachia Zangon Kataf Jama a and in Kaduna South Local Government Areas Ba jju people are also commonly known as Kaje which is a pejorative name used to refer to both the Jju people and Jju language by the larger Hausa people who could not pronounce the name Ka jju meaning the land of the Ba jju people well The Ba jju people are predominantly farmers hunters blacksmiths and petty traders citation needed 3 4 5 6 BajjuTotal population300 000 1988 SIL 1 Regions with significant populationsNigeriaLanguagesJjuReligionChristianity A bvoiRelated ethnic groupsAtyap Ham Bakulu Afizere Irigwe Berom Jukun Kuteb and other Platoid peoples of the Middle Belt Tiv Igbo Yoruba Edo Efik and other Benue Congo peoples of Middle Belt and southern Nigeria Contents 1 Origin and history 2 Culture 2 1 Bajju witchcraft and rites 2 2 Taboos and Superstitions 2 3 General taboos 2 4 Rules 2 5 Taking oaths 2 6 Life After Death 3 Language 4 Politics 5 Notable people 6 References 7 Further readingOrigin and history EditAccording to oral history the origin of the Ba jju can be traced as far as Bauchi State where a group of people lived in hill caves and had watchers atop the hill to watch for enemies These people were called mutanen duwatsu literal translation in English from Hausa is the mountain people or ba nyet tsok in Jju 7 It was believed that their migration was for the search of better hunting grounds They migrated from the Bauchi state part of the Jos Bauchi high plateau and settled on a hill called Hurruang in the Plateau state part of the area in central Nigeria The hill was already occupied by a tribe called the Afizere also called Jarawa by the Hausa but the Afizere people left and lived on another hill called Tsok kwon in Jju probably same as Shere hills 6 The Afizere also lay claims to migrating from the Miango area presently occupied by the Irigwe The Ba jju Irigwe and Afizere tribes collectively called themselves Dangi meaning those of same stock rendered in the Hausa language because they share cultural and linguistic similarities citation needed 8 Two brothers named Zampara and Wai were said to have left Dangi settlement and migrated South of the Plateau The Atsam also known as Chawai people of today are the descendants Wai Wai settled at a place and named it Chawai Considering that the forefathers of both the Ba jju and Chawai Atsam people had family ties made both nations affiliated citation needed 9 Zampara migrated further and settled at Hurbuang which is now called Ungwan Tabo Zampara had a wife named Adama who was a Fulani woman and gave birth to two sons Ba ranzan and A kad When Zampara their father died A kad left his elder brother Ba ranzan and stayed near the hills He did so and became the ancestor of the A takat people That was how the A takat tribe got associated with the Ba jju It was because of this close relationship that the Atakat and Ba jju people made it a tradition and a religious law never to intermarry citation needed 10 Descendants of Ba ranzanBa ranzan had five sons namely A NKWAK was the eldest son of Ba ranzan He had the following children Ka murum A kurdan Kpunyai A za wuru Ka tsiik Gatun Byet Duhuan A tachab Rika wa n Chenchuuk Rika yakwon Zi bvong Ka masa A nkpang and Byena TUAN the second son had the following children Zankirwa A tutyen Kukwan Vongkpang Zat Furgyam Sansun Ka mantsok Dinyring A mankwo Kpong Zantun Dichu a don A KA DON the third child had the following children Tsoriyang Wadon Rebvok A bvong Chiyua KANSHUWA the fourth child had the following children Jei Dihwugwai Zagwom Ta bak Baihom Bairuap Zambyin IDUANG the fifth and last born of Ba ranzan had the following children Zuturung Zunkwa Zansak Dibyii A bvo However some stubborn Ba jju and A takat people intermarried and this caused the widespread death of 1970 Gaiya 2013 The Gado of Ba jju along with his people met with the Gado of A takat along with his people to discuss the crisis of frequent deaths of people of both tribes as a result of the intermarriages They reached a decision to abolish the law religiously and traditionally so that there would not be any consequence for the intermarriage That was how the A takat and Ba jju people began to intermarry freely The previously mentioned Ba ranzan son of Zampara and brother of A kad left Hurbuang and cleared a place by a riverside called Duccuu Chen He settled the Ka jju there Ka jju was the initial name of the Ba jju The name Ka jju was derived from the name which Ba ranzan gave the new settlement which was Ka zzu Although it is unclear from oral history when the migration occurred but evidence suggests that the Ba jju were in their current location since the early 1800s Gaiya 2013 citation needed Culture EditBajju witchcraft and rites Edit There are many rites in Kajju land such as things like rain farming harvest new house pregnancy and child naming 11 Tyyi Tson Euthanasia Tyyi Tson means to give hungry rice hungry rice was a type of rice which the Bajju thought of as the most sacred and perhaps elite This practice involved offering an elderly woman poisoned hungry rice called Kasap to end her suffering of physical infirmity It was usually done by one of her children or her sister 12 Nkut witchcraft This is the power to exert spiritual influence over another person People who use Nkut are referred to as Akut and are believed to have a second set of eyes The first set allows one to see the physical while the other is used to see into the spiritual realm 13 14 Gajimale water spirit A gajimale comes out of rivers or streams to seduce its victims by transforming into a good looking opposite sex of the victim It was a belief that many rich people got their wealth from Gajimale and in return they gave children to it Epilepsy known as rong ncen meaning fire of the river was believed to be caused by the Gajimale 15 16 A bvoi or Abvwoi The Bajju had a religious institution called the Abvoi The leader of the Abvoi shrine was called the Gado Abvoi or Dodo The Magajin Abvoi is the one who translates the messages of Abvoi to the people The celebrations involved masquerade dances 17 Masquerades Abusak They represented the spirits in Abvoi celebrations The Abusak danced with women and disciplines them by beating them 18 Taboos and Superstitions Edit Children were not to eat eggs and they were not to eat meat offered to them at other households for it may be Nkut meat neither were they to go out in the heat of the midday sun for they may accept food from Akut 19 Women Were not to eat eggs for they would be eating their own children 2 Were not allowed to eat chicken and birds in general Were not to cook or carry out farm activities for 7 days following child birth Were not allowed to hit the wall with their hands or feet for they would be calling the Abvoi Were not allowed to hit people with brooms especially men for they would be sweeping away all of his charms and power including the power to impregnate a woman Pregnant women were not to eat sugarcane for their babies would grow too fat Women were not to eat animal heads Men Were not to allow their hair shaved halfway for a spirit would come to finish the job and cause the man to go mad Were not to eat food prepared by menstruating women for they would be exposed to blindness or bad luck in hunting Were not to share secrets of the ancestor cult with women General taboos Edit Spirit snakes should not be killed It may be the spirit of a person sleeping or having a fever 20 Do not whistle at night for it would call a spirit Do not whistle in the house of a hunter for his charms would stop working Do not blow food to cool it A visitor must not eat food alone A person from the visited household must eat with the guest to prove the food is not poisoned People were not to talk while eating Even though a stranger came in they should not greet until they finished eating One should not answer a call at night for the person might die One should not step over arrows A cock that crows between dusk and midnight must be killed for it calls the spirits Rules Edit Men are buried facing east direction of Bajju origin while women were buried facing west Those who died as a result of falling off a tree falling off the roof of a house or shot during hunting were buried where the incident took place and do not receive a burial ceremony Women who died during child birth were buried at the backyard of their home Someone with small pox was isolated because they believed he was a wizard They are not given a burial ceremony after dying Before drinking elders were to pour a few drops on the ground for the ancestors The Bajju believed in reincarnation The Bajju believed that when a shooting star passes across the sky a great man has died somewhere and is going to land somewhere else for reincarnation Taking oaths Edit Men could swear the following oaths Sshi a nok To swear on one s hoe The oath was If I did this may the hoe cut my leg Sshi ka ta To swear on one s bow Sswa mbyin To swear on a drum A drum was kept with each village s gado village head and was used for matters affecting the entire village and used to settle local disputes Women could swear the following oaths Sshi a byai To swear on one s headboard the item used to rest loads atop women s heads If her oath was false her child birth would not be a safe delivery Sswa a bubvo To swear on one s skin The skin is the piece of clothing used to secure a child on her back If the oath was false the child in the skin would die Sswa ka tssong To swear on one s axe May her axe cut her if her oath is false Life After Death Edit Bajju People like any other tribe in African believe in life after death in the sense that they acknowledge that ancestors performs some function to enable human happiness and prosperity 1 Their will is sought for at any time and for every purpose in life People seek to be in good terms with the ancestors and they show them respect in their families It is also believed that the elder must eat first before any other person and when taking drink they have to pour some drops on the ground for the ancestors to take 4 Language EditMain article Jju language The Bajju People speak the Jju language which is one of the Central Plateau languages and seems to be a variant of Tyap alongside Gworok Fantswam Takad Tyuku Tyap proper Sholyio and Tyeca rak whose speakers are ethnically distinct 21 Politics EditThe Ba jju people are governed by a traditional leader appointed by the Kaduna State government who governs the affairs of the people whose headquarters is at Zonkwa or A zunkwa The Ba jju paramount Leader is called A gwam Ba jju The first and current leader is His Royal Highness A gwam Ba jju I A gwam Nuhu Bature A chi OON 2 Notable people EditKatung Aduwak Winner of Big Brother Nigeria Season 1 2006 Rachel Bakam A Nigerian entertainer Maj Gen Ishaya Bakut military governor Benue State 1986 1987 businessman who became vice chairman of Anjeed Innova Group 2013 2015 Barr Col Yohanna A Madaki Military governor of defunct Gongola State Nigeria 1985 1986 military governor of Benue State August 1986 September 1986 Engr Stephen Rijo Shekari deputy governor of Kaduna State 1999 2005 References Edit a b Jju Ethnologue Retrieved 2017 04 30 a b c Women were forbidden from eating eggs in Bajju for fear of killing their foetuses Bature Agwam Bajju I Punch Punch May 18 2019 Retrieved June 19 2020 Ibrahim James 2007 The politics of creation of Chiefdoms in Kaduna State p 66 a b Naija Sabi WHO ARE THE BAJJU PEOPLE OF CENTRAL NIGERIA Sabi Naija Retrieved 2022 02 01 Meek C K 1931 Tribes Studies in Northern Nigeria a b Sunny Idunwo 1999 06 05 The Guardian News p 6 O Temple 1966 Tribes provinces Emirates and states of the northern provinces of Nigeria London Frank Cass amp Co LTD pp 45 56 O Temple 1965 Tribes provinces Emirates and states of the northern provinces of Nigeria Frank Cass amp co ltd Giving peace a chance in kafanchan The Guardian 12 June 1999 p 27 Kaduna state of Nigeria 2001 The judicial commission of inquiry into the communal crisis between the Bajju and Ikulu community at kamaru in Ikulu chefdon White paper The Bajju People of Southern Kaduna The Baranzan Race Echoes of Hope Retrieved 2022 02 01 The Bajju People of Southern Kaduna The Baranzan Race Echoes of Hope Retrieved 2022 02 01 McKinney Carol V 1992 Wives and Sisters Bajju Marital Patterns Ethnology 31 1 75 87 doi 10 2307 3773443 ISSN 0014 1828 JSTOR 3773443 Mckinney C 1985 The Bajju of Central Nigeria A case study of Religious and social change Southern Methodist University thesis McKinney Carol V 1992 Wives and Sisters Bajju Marital Patterns Ethnology 31 1 75 87 doi 10 2307 3773443 ISSN 0014 1828 JSTOR 3773443 Ninyio M O U 1993 the Kagoro and their Neighbours A critical Study of inter group relations in Central Nigeria up 1800 UNiversity Of Jos Thesis Onyeakagbu Adaobi 2021 08 22 Popular taboos beliefs and superstitions of the Bajju people of Kaduna Pulse Nigeria Retrieved 2022 02 09 Onyeakagbu Adaobi 2021 08 22 Popular taboos beliefs and superstitions of the Bajju people of Kaduna Pulse Nigeria Retrieved 2022 02 09 Onyeakagbu Adaobi 2021 08 22 Popular taboos beliefs and superstitions of the Bajju people of Kaduna Pulse Nigeria Retrieved 2022 02 09 The Bajju People of Southern Kaduna The Baranzan Race Echoes of Hope www theechoesofhope com Retrieved 2022 02 09 Central Plateau languages Kay Williamson Educational Foundation Retrieved 2019 07 11 Further reading EditBlench 2008 Prospecting proto Plateau Manuscript Abel Gaiya 2013 http diaryofanafrican blogspot com 2013 05 all about my tribe origin superstition 12 html Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bajju people amp oldid 1104763416, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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