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Australian air traffic control

January 01, 1970

Air traffic control in Australia is provided by two independent organisations, one civilian and one military. The civilian provider is Airservices Australia, which controls civilian airfields and airspace. The military provider is the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), which controls military airfields and adjoining airspace. This includes Australian Army and Royal Australian Navy aviation bases.

Some airfields in Australia are categorised as Joint User airfields, where there are both civilian and military operations based at the airfield. Joint User airfields have air traffic control provided by the RAAF. Currently these are located at Darwin, Townsville and Williamtown (Newcastle).

Air traffic controllers manage the safe and orderly flow of aircraft into, out of, and between airports throughout Australia and with overseas regions adjoining Australian airspace.[1] Australian civilian air traffic controllers are employed under an Air Traffic Control Enterprise Agreement.[1]

History edit

Civilian air traffic control developed after WWII when returning servicemen gained employment as both aircrew and ground control.[2] From 1988 to 1995 air traffic control in Australia was the responsibility of the Civil Aviation Authority.[3] The CAA was split into two separate government organisations in July 1995: the regulator, the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA), and the service provider, Airservices Australia.

CASA was made responsible for aviation safety regulations and approvals: licensing of pilots, aviation engineers and air traffic controllers; airworthiness of aircraft; medical standards for aircrew and air traffic controllers; aviation services, including air transport operations (airlines and charter), maintenance operations, ATC services an aviation rescue and fire fighting.

Airservices Australia was made responsible for delivery of services to aviation: airspace management, aeronautical information, communications, radio navigation aids, airport rescue fire fighting services, and aviation search and rescue. The role of aviation search and rescue was transferred from Airservices Australia to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority in 1997. Airspace management was transferred to CASA in 2007.[4]

Civilian air traffic control edit

Airservices Australia is a government-owned corporation that provides air traffic control (ATC) services, as well as other related services such as communications, navigation, surveillance, aeronautical data and airfield fire services. ATC services include tower, approach and centre (en route) services.

Currently, most Airservices Australia ATC units use The Australian Advanced Air Traffic System. The introduction of the new computerised system increased controllers' productivity.[5]

Towers edit

 
Sydney Airport Control Tower

Airservices Australia operates from the following air traffic control towers:

Major airports edit

Other airports edit

 
Wagga Wagga Airport Control Tower (Now disused)

Airports with aerodrome flight information service (AFIS) edit

Terminal Control Units edit

Airservices Australia has six terminal control units (TCU). Controllers in a TCU use radar and other surveillance technology to manage the flow of aircraft arriving and departing from major city airports. Airservices provides air traffic control services in an extended area around capital city airports, and maximise the safe use of this airspace. The TCU services are provided around the following major airports:

  • Adelaide, SA (integrated into Melbourne Centre, as of mid-2017)
  • Brisbane, QLD (integrated into Brisbane Centre)
  • Cairns, QLD (integrated into Brisbane Centre, as of mid-2017)
  • Canberra, ACT (integrated into Melbourne Centre)
  • Hobart & Launceston, TAS (located in Melbourne Centre, commenced 16 June 2022)
  • Mackay & Rockhampton, QLD (located in Brisbane Centre, commenced 16 June 2022)
  • Melbourne, VIC (integrated into Melbourne Centre)
  • Perth, WA (shared facility with Pearce air traffic controllers, located at Perth Airport)
  • Sydney, NSW (located at Sydney Airport)

Area control centres edit

Airservices Australia manages 11 per cent of the world's airspace, including very large portions of the Indian and Southern Oceans, and parts of the Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea. The airspace consists of two flight information regions (FIR), the Brisbane FIR and the Melbourne FIR. Each FIR is managed by its respective area control centre (ACC), which provide en-route services.

Brisbane Centre edit

The Brisbane FIR consists of New South Wales north of Sydney, all of Queensland, most of the Northern Territory and the northern half of Western Australia. It also contains the Australian Tasman Sea airspace. Due to the nature of the airspace, it controls most international flights in and out of Australia (except Indian Ocean flights), and domestic flights operating to airports within the FIR. As only two of eight capitals are located in the Brisbane FIR, it handles a lesser volume of traffic than Melbourne Centre. However, Sydney is just south of the border of the two FIRs (the Sydney Basin is part of the Melbourne FIR), and thus Brisbane Centre has control of flights arriving or departing in Sydney from the north.

Brisbane Centre is located adjacent to Brisbane Tower at Brisbane Airport. It also contains Brisbane Approach and Cairns Approach.

Melbourne Centre edit

The Melbourne FIR consists of all other Australian airspace outside the Brisbane FIR. This includes Victoria, Tasmania, southern New South Wales including Sydney, most of South Australia and the southern half of Western Australia. It also contains the Australian Indian and Southern Ocean airspace. Apart from international flights arriving from the Indian Ocean, most international flights will pass through Brisbane Centre first. However, as the FIR contains six of the eight capital cities, a very large portion of domestic flights are controlled from Melbourne Centre.

Melbourne Centre is located adjacent to Melbourne Tower at Melbourne Airport. It also contains Melbourne Approach, Canberra Approach and Adelaide Approach.

Military air traffic control edit

Like civil air traffic control, the Australian Defence Force provide tower and approach services but do not provide en route services.

Although historically each of the three services had its own air traffic controllers, the Royal Australian Air Force exclusively provides air traffic control services to the Australian Defence Force.

44 Wing (44WG) was formed to centrally manage ATC personnel and facilities at 11 defence bases. 44 Wing is an Air Command unit, belonging to the Surveillance and Response Group and is headquartered at RAAF Base Williamtown, Williamtown, NSW. 44WG is divided into two squadrons; No. 452 Squadron which consists of all ATC units at bases north of the Queensland border, and No. 453 Squadron which consists of ATC units at bases south of the Queensland border. The ATC unit established at each base in known as a flight and belongs to one of the two squadrons. Each flight manages air traffic control services at the base, although is ultimately commanded from HQ452SQN, RAAF Base Darwin or HQ453SQN RAAF Base Williamtown.

The RAAF provides both tower and approach services, and in some cases a limited centre (or en route) service. However, centre services are normally amalgamated with approach control. Two bases, Richmond and Edinburgh, provide only a tower service, given their close proximity to Sydney and Adelaide respectively. Civilian ATC provides approach services to these bases.

Tower and approach services are normally located within the control tower or an adjacent building. Unlike civilian ATC, no approach or en route services are provided remotely.

Currently, most military ATC units use the Australian Defence Air Traffic System. The RAAF use Airservices Australia's TAAATS systems in Perth to provide approach services to RAAF Base Pearce.

Military ATC units edit

Royal Australian Air Force edit

 
RAAF Base Darwin/Darwin International Airport Control Tower

Royal Australian Navy edit

Australian Army edit

Joint User Airfields edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "The role - Airservices". www.airservicesaustralia.com. Retrieved 22 September 2018.
  2. ^ Owen, Christine (2005). "Diagnosis and Culture in Safety Critical Environments". In Wiggins, Mark W; Loveday, Thomas (eds.). Diagnostic Expertise in Organizational Environments. Ashgate Publishing. p. 128. ISBN 1472435176. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
  3. ^ Livermore, John (2011). Transport Law in Australia. Kluwer Law International. p. 26. ISBN 978-9041133953. Retrieved 9 September 2015.
  4. ^ "Commencement of operations of the Office of Airspace Regulation". Australian Government. Retrieved 20 September 2023.
  5. ^ Air traffic control characteristics and performance of selected international air navigation service providers and lessons learned from their commercialization: report to congressional requesters. DIANE Publishing. 2005. p. 21. ISBN 1428932143. Retrieved 9 September 2015.

January 01, 1970
australian, traffic, control, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jsto. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Australian air traffic control news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2015 Learn how and when to remove this message Air traffic control in Australia is provided by two independent organisations one civilian and one military The civilian provider is Airservices Australia which controls civilian airfields and airspace The military provider is the Royal Australian Air Force RAAF which controls military airfields and adjoining airspace This includes Australian Army and Royal Australian Navy aviation bases Some airfields in Australia are categorised as Joint User airfields where there are both civilian and military operations based at the airfield Joint User airfields have air traffic control provided by the RAAF Currently these are located at Darwin Townsville and Williamtown Newcastle Air traffic controllers manage the safe and orderly flow of aircraft into out of and between airports throughout Australia and with overseas regions adjoining Australian airspace 1 Australian civilian air traffic controllers are employed under an Air Traffic Control Enterprise Agreement 1 Contents 1 History 2 Civilian air traffic control 2 1 Towers 2 1 1 Major airports 2 1 2 Other airports 2 1 3 Airports with aerodrome flight information service AFIS 2 2 Terminal Control Units 2 3 Area control centres 2 3 1 Brisbane Centre 2 3 2 Melbourne Centre 3 Military air traffic control 3 1 Military ATC units 3 1 1 Royal Australian Air Force 3 1 2 Royal Australian Navy 3 1 3 Australian Army 3 1 4 Joint User Airfields 4 See also 5 ReferencesHistory editCivilian air traffic control developed after WWII when returning servicemen gained employment as both aircrew and ground control 2 From 1988 to 1995 air traffic control in Australia was the responsibility of the Civil Aviation Authority 3 The CAA was split into two separate government organisations in July 1995 the regulator the Civil Aviation Safety Authority CASA and the service provider Airservices Australia CASA was made responsible for aviation safety regulations and approvals licensing of pilots aviation engineers and air traffic controllers airworthiness of aircraft medical standards for aircrew and air traffic controllers aviation services including air transport operations airlines and charter maintenance operations ATC services an aviation rescue and fire fighting Airservices Australia was made responsible for delivery of services to aviation airspace management aeronautical information communications radio navigation aids airport rescue fire fighting services and aviation search and rescue The role of aviation search and rescue was transferred from Airservices Australia to the Australian Maritime Safety Authority in 1997 Airspace management was transferred to CASA in 2007 4 Civilian air traffic control editAirservices Australia is a government owned corporation that provides air traffic control ATC services as well as other related services such as communications navigation surveillance aeronautical data and airfield fire services ATC services include tower approach and centre en route services Currently most Airservices Australia ATC units use The Australian Advanced Air Traffic System The introduction of the new computerised system increased controllers productivity 5 Towers edit nbsp Sydney Airport Control Tower Airservices Australia operates from the following air traffic control towers Major airports edit Adelaide Airport YPAD SA Brisbane Airport YBBN QLD Cairns Airport YBCS QLD Canberra Airport YSCB ACT Gold Coast Airport YBCG QLD Hobart Airport YMHB TAS Melbourne Airport YMML VIC Perth Airport YPPH WA Sydney Airport Air Traffic Control Tower YSSY NSW Other airports edit nbsp Wagga Wagga Airport Control Tower Now disused Albury Airport YMAY NSW Alice Springs Airport YBAS NT Archerfield Airport YBAF QLD Avalon Airport YMAV VIC Bankstown Airport Air Traffic Control Tower YSBK NSW Broome Airport YBRM WA Camden Airport YSCN NSW Coffs Harbour Airport YCFS NSW Essendon Airport YMEN VIC Hamilton Island Airport YBHM QLD Jandakot Airport YPJT WA Karratha Airport YPKA WA Launceston Airport YMLT TAS Mackay Airport YBMK QLD Moorabbin Airport YMMB VIC Parafield Airport YPPF SA Sunshine Coast Airport YBSU QLD Rockhampton Airport YBRK QLD Tamworth Airport YSTW NSW Airports with aerodrome flight information service AFIS edit Port Hedland Airport YPPD WA Terminal Control Units edit Airservices Australia has six terminal control units TCU Controllers in a TCU use radar and other surveillance technology to manage the flow of aircraft arriving and departing from major city airports Airservices provides air traffic control services in an extended area around capital city airports and maximise the safe use of this airspace The TCU services are provided around the following major airports Adelaide SA integrated into Melbourne Centre as of mid 2017 Brisbane QLD integrated into Brisbane Centre Cairns QLD integrated into Brisbane Centre as of mid 2017 Canberra ACT integrated into Melbourne Centre Hobart amp Launceston TAS located in Melbourne Centre commenced 16 June 2022 Mackay amp Rockhampton QLD located in Brisbane Centre commenced 16 June 2022 Melbourne VIC integrated into Melbourne Centre Perth WA shared facility with Pearce air traffic controllers located at Perth Airport Sydney NSW located at Sydney Airport Area control centres edit Airservices Australia manages 11 per cent of the world s airspace including very large portions of the Indian and Southern Oceans and parts of the Pacific Ocean and Tasman Sea The airspace consists of two flight information regions FIR the Brisbane FIR and the Melbourne FIR Each FIR is managed by its respective area control centre ACC which provide en route services Brisbane Centre edit The Brisbane FIR consists of New South Wales north of Sydney all of Queensland most of the Northern Territory and the northern half of Western Australia It also contains the Australian Tasman Sea airspace Due to the nature of the airspace it controls most international flights in and out of Australia except Indian Ocean flights and domestic flights operating to airports within the FIR As only two of eight capitals are located in the Brisbane FIR it handles a lesser volume of traffic than Melbourne Centre However Sydney is just south of the border of the two FIRs the Sydney Basin is part of the Melbourne FIR and thus Brisbane Centre has control of flights arriving or departing in Sydney from the north Brisbane Centre is located adjacent to Brisbane Tower at Brisbane Airport It also contains Brisbane Approach and Cairns Approach Melbourne Centre edit The Melbourne FIR consists of all other Australian airspace outside the Brisbane FIR This includes Victoria Tasmania southern New South Wales including Sydney most of South Australia and the southern half of Western Australia It also contains the Australian Indian and Southern Ocean airspace Apart from international flights arriving from the Indian Ocean most international flights will pass through Brisbane Centre first However as the FIR contains six of the eight capital cities a very large portion of domestic flights are controlled from Melbourne Centre Melbourne Centre is located adjacent to Melbourne Tower at Melbourne Airport It also contains Melbourne Approach Canberra Approach and Adelaide Approach Military air traffic control editLike civil air traffic control the Australian Defence Force provide tower and approach services but do not provide en route services Although historically each of the three services had its own air traffic controllers the Royal Australian Air Force exclusively provides air traffic control services to the Australian Defence Force 44 Wing 44WG was formed to centrally manage ATC personnel and facilities at 11 defence bases 44 Wing is an Air Command unit belonging to the Surveillance and Response Group and is headquartered at RAAF Base Williamtown Williamtown NSW 44WG is divided into two squadrons No 452 Squadron which consists of all ATC units at bases north of the Queensland border and No 453 Squadron which consists of ATC units at bases south of the Queensland border The ATC unit established at each base in known as a flight and belongs to one of the two squadrons Each flight manages air traffic control services at the base although is ultimately commanded from HQ452SQN RAAF Base Darwin or HQ453SQN RAAF Base Williamtown The RAAF provides both tower and approach services and in some cases a limited centre or en route service However centre services are normally amalgamated with approach control Two bases Richmond and Edinburgh provide only a tower service given their close proximity to Sydney and Adelaide respectively Civilian ATC provides approach services to these bases Tower and approach services are normally located within the control tower or an adjacent building Unlike civilian ATC no approach or en route services are provided remotely Currently most military ATC units use the Australian Defence Air Traffic System The RAAF use Airservices Australia s TAAATS systems in Perth to provide approach services to RAAF Base Pearce Military ATC units edit Royal Australian Air Force edit nbsp RAAF Base Darwin Darwin International Airport Control Tower RAAF Base Amberley 452SQN AMB FLT Tower and Approach RAAF Base Darwin 452SQN DAR FLT Tower and Approach RAAF Base East Sale 453SQN ESL FLT Tower and Approach RAAF Base Edinburgh 453SQN EDN FLT Tower only RAAF Base Pearce 453SQN PEA FLT Tower Approach and Centre RAAF Base Richmond 453SQN RIC FLT Tower only RAAF Base Tindal 452SQN TDL FLT Tower and Approach RAAF Base Townsville 452SQN TVL FLT Tower and Approach RAAF Base Williamtown 453SQN WLM FLT Tower Approach and Centre RAAF Gingin Pearce provides a Tower and Approach service Royal Australian Navy edit HMAS Albatross Naval Air Station Nowra 453SQN NWA FLT Tower and Approach Jervis Bay Airfield Nowra provides Approach services only there is no Tower service Australian Army edit Army Aviation Centre Army Airfield Oakey 452SQN OAK FLT Tower and Approach Joint User Airfields edit Darwin International Airport co located with RAAF Base Darwin Townsville International Airport co located with RAAF Base Townsville See also edit nbsp Military of Australia portal nbsp Royal Australian Air Force portal nbsp Aviation portal List of airports in AustraliaReferences edit a b The role Airservices www airservicesaustralia com Retrieved 22 September 2018 Owen Christine 2005 Diagnosis and Culture in Safety Critical Environments In Wiggins Mark W Loveday Thomas eds Diagnostic Expertise in Organizational Environments Ashgate Publishing p 128 ISBN 1472435176 Retrieved 9 September 2015 Livermore John 2011 Transport Law in Australia Kluwer Law International p 26 ISBN 978 9041133953 Retrieved 9 September 2015 Commencement of operations of the Office of Airspace Regulation Australian Government Retrieved 20 September 2023 Air traffic control characteristics and performance of selected international air navigation service providers and lessons learned from their commercialization report to congressional requesters DIANE Publishing 2005 p 21 ISBN 1428932143 Retrieved 9 September 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Australian air traffic control amp oldid 1193739746, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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