It measures 133 kilometres (83 mi) long, and incorporates a drainage basin which is 2,060 square kilometres (800 sq mi).[1] The basin includes the major part of Ingushetia, areas in the west of Chechnya, as well as minor areas in the north of Georgia. Within the river basin, more than 70% of the territory is subjected to avalanches.[3]
The river's source is on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus in Khevsureti from where it flows north and crosses into Russia. The Assa accepts the Gulaykhi from the right and flows through the Erzi Nature Reserve. North of the stanitsa of Nesterovskaya, the Assa turns east, crosses into Chechnya, flows through the stanitsa of Assinovskaya, and accepts the Fortanga from the right. The mouth of the Assa is at the locality of Zakan-Yurt. The principal tributary of the Assa is the Fortanga (right).
The Assa and Terek also flow through the Republic of Ingushetia in a south to north direction. The Assa, Terek and Gulaykhi river valleys are known for their large complex of stone battle towers and dwellings, burial crypts, pagan sanctuaries, and Christian churches". The Ingushes culture of the North Caucasus, one of the ancient cultures, is well preserved here by the Dzhairakha-Assa state historical and architectural museum.[4] The village of Alkhaste is situated on the river's left bank,[5] while the rural locality of Samashki is located on the river's outskirts.[6] The village of Alkun is split in two by the river; Lower Alkun is inhabited by Ingush, while Upper Alkun is inhabited by Orstkhoy.[7]
The climate in the river valley is characterized as having a frequent drying effect which supports special microzones.[8]
History
In the Middle Ages, a mine was located on the right bank, measuring 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) in length and 200 to 250 metres (660 to 820 ft) in width. Finds included an iron bar and working of native gold.[9]
Though construction of a railway tunnel was envisaged from Georgia to Russia in the 1980s, including passage through the Assa River valley, construction was suspended a decade later.[8]
Reservation
The upper reaches of the Assa and the Armhi have been combined into a natural reservation called the Jeyrakh-Assa museum-reserve, which has canyon valleys. Its historical importance is due to the medieval Christian Temple of 12th century and several other structures of Bronze Age (9th through 6th centuries BC), 300 towers of the 16th and 17th centuries which are habitable and where battles were fought, and 18 human habitats including 200 vaults dated to the same era. For these historical reasons, the Jeyrakh-Assa Reservation has been proposed to be inscribed as a UNESCOWorld Heritage Site.[10]
^ abc"Река Асса (Цирцловн-Цхали)" (in Russian). State Water Register of Russia. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
^Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch/ RUSSIA. Human Rights Watch. p. 38. GGKEY:3NG341HY0X5. Retrieved 25 April 2013.
^Vogtmann, Hartmut; Dobretsov, Nikolai (26 April 2006). Environmental Security and Sustainable Land Use - with Special Reference to Central Asia. Springer. pp. 163–. ISBN978-1-4020-4492-2. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^. Brussels: Centre Culturel et Scientifique de Russie. November 23, 2012. Archived from the original on April 17, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
^The Mammals of the Caucasus: A History of the Evolution of the Fauna. (Mlekopitayushchie Kavkaza; Istoriya Formirovaniya Fauny) (Available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va. ed.). Israel Program for Scientific Translations. 1967. p. 184. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^Goltz, Thomas (10 October 2003). Chechnya Diary: A War Correspondent's Story of Surviving the War in Chechnya. Macmillan. pp. 115–. ISBN978-1-4299-7435-6. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^Gammer, Moše (22 October 2007). Ethno-Nationalism, Islam and the State in the Caucasus: Post-Soviet Disorder. Routledge. pp. 142–. ISBN978-1-134-09853-8. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^ abPrice, Martin F. (2000). Cooperation in the European Mountains: The Caucasus. IUCN. pp. 111–. ISBN978-2-8317-0534-7. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^Blanchard, Ian (2001). Mining, Metallurgy and Minting in the Middle Ages: Asiatic Supremacy, 425-1125. Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. 109, 249–. ISBN978-3-515-07958-7. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
^"Historical and Cultural Jeyrakh-Assa Reservation". UNESCO Organization. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
January 29, 2023
assa, river, assa, tsirtslovn, tskhali, russian, Асса, Цирцловн, Цхали, georgian, ასა, chechen, iaьса, хи, ingush, Эса, хий, right, tributary, sunzha, georgia, russia, located, dusheti, municipality, mtskheta, mtianeti, georgia, dzheyrakhsky, sunzhensky, distr. The Assa Tsirtslovn Tskhali Russian Assa Circlovn Chali Georgian ასა Chechen Iasa hi Ingush Esa hij is a right tributary of the Sunzha in Georgia and Russia It is located in Dusheti Municipality of Mtskheta Mtianeti Georgia and in Dzheyrakhsky and Sunzhensky Districts of Ingushetia and in Sunzhensky and Achkhoy Martanovsky Districts of Chechnya Russia 2 AssaThe Assa valleyShow map of ChechnyaShow map of Republic of IngushetiaShow map of GeorgiaShow map of Caucasus mountainsLocationCountriesGeorgia and RussiaPhysical characteristicsMouthSunzha coordinates43 15 17 N 45 24 51 E 43 25472 N 45 41417 E 43 25472 45 41417 Coordinates 43 15 17 N 45 24 51 E 43 25472 N 45 41417 E 43 25472 45 41417Length133 km 83 mi 1 Basin size2 060 km2 800 sq mi 1 Basin featuresProgressionSunzha Terek Caspian Sea Contents 1 Geography 2 History 3 Reservation 4 See also 5 ReferencesGeography EditIt measures 133 kilometres 83 mi long and incorporates a drainage basin which is 2 060 square kilometres 800 sq mi 1 The basin includes the major part of Ingushetia areas in the west of Chechnya as well as minor areas in the north of Georgia Within the river basin more than 70 of the territory is subjected to avalanches 3 The river s source is on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus in Khevsureti from where it flows north and crosses into Russia The Assa accepts the Gulaykhi from the right and flows through the Erzi Nature Reserve North of the stanitsa of Nesterovskaya the Assa turns east crosses into Chechnya flows through the stanitsa of Assinovskaya and accepts the Fortanga from the right The mouth of the Assa is at the locality of Zakan Yurt The principal tributary of the Assa is the Fortanga right The Assa and Terek also flow through the Republic of Ingushetia in a south to north direction The Assa Terek and Gulaykhi river valleys are known for their large complex of stone battle towers and dwellings burial crypts pagan sanctuaries and Christian churches The Ingushes culture of the North Caucasus one of the ancient cultures is well preserved here by the Dzhairakha Assa state historical and architectural museum 4 The village of Alkhaste is situated on the river s left bank 5 while the rural locality of Samashki is located on the river s outskirts 6 The village of Alkun is split in two by the river Lower Alkun is inhabited by Ingush while Upper Alkun is inhabited by Orstkhoy 7 The climate in the river valley is characterized as having a frequent drying effect which supports special microzones 8 History EditIn the Middle Ages a mine was located on the right bank measuring 1 kilometre 0 6 mi in length and 200 to 250 metres 660 to 820 ft in width Finds included an iron bar and working of native gold 9 Though construction of a railway tunnel was envisaged from Georgia to Russia in the 1980s including passage through the Assa River valley construction was suspended a decade later 8 Reservation EditThe upper reaches of the Assa and the Armhi have been combined into a natural reservation called the Jeyrakh Assa museum reserve which has canyon valleys Its historical importance is due to the medieval Christian Temple of 12th century and several other structures of Bronze Age 9th through 6th centuries BC 300 towers of the 16th and 17th centuries which are habitable and where battles were fought and 18 human habitats including 200 vaults dated to the same era For these historical reasons the Jeyrakh Assa Reservation has been proposed to be inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site 10 See also EditJeyrakh Assa museum reserve Asa Managed ReserveReferences Edit a b c Reka Assa Circlovn Chali in Russian State Water Register of Russia Retrieved 25 April 2013 Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch RUSSIA Human Rights Watch p 38 GGKEY 3NG341HY0X5 Retrieved 25 April 2013 Vogtmann Hartmut Dobretsov Nikolai 26 April 2006 Environmental Security and Sustainable Land Use with Special Reference to Central Asia Springer pp 163 ISBN 978 1 4020 4492 2 Retrieved 28 April 2013 The Russian Embassy in Belgium invite you to assist at Official presentation of the Economic potential of the Republic of Ingushetia by H E the President of the Ingush republic Y B Evkurov Brussels Centre Culturel et Scientifique de Russie November 23 2012 Archived from the original on April 17 2016 Retrieved April 29 2013 The Mammals of the Caucasus A History of the Evolution of the Fauna Mlekopitayushchie Kavkaza Istoriya Formirovaniya Fauny Available from the U S Department of Commerce Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information Springfield Va ed Israel Program for Scientific Translations 1967 p 184 Retrieved 28 April 2013 Goltz Thomas 10 October 2003 Chechnya Diary A War Correspondent s Story of Surviving the War in Chechnya Macmillan pp 115 ISBN 978 1 4299 7435 6 Retrieved 28 April 2013 Gammer Mose 22 October 2007 Ethno Nationalism Islam and the State in the Caucasus Post Soviet Disorder Routledge pp 142 ISBN 978 1 134 09853 8 Retrieved 28 April 2013 a b Price Martin F 2000 Cooperation in the European Mountains The Caucasus IUCN pp 111 ISBN 978 2 8317 0534 7 Retrieved 28 April 2013 Blanchard Ian 2001 Mining Metallurgy and Minting in the Middle Ages Asiatic Supremacy 425 1125 Franz Steiner Verlag pp 109 249 ISBN 978 3 515 07958 7 Retrieved 28 April 2013 Historical and Cultural Jeyrakh Assa Reservation UNESCO Organization Retrieved 29 April 2013 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Assa river amp oldid 1128498168, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
