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Architecture of Colombia

December 18, 2023

Colombia's architectural heritage includes Spanish colonial architecture including Catholic churches. Its modern architecture represents various International Style architecture. In the postmodern architecture era a wave of innovate and striking buildings have been designed.

Colombian cultural heritage includes indigenous, European, Indian and African influences. The country's colonial buildings reflect their Spanish (and particularly Andalusian origin, as seen in the traditional single-story) houses laid around a central patio, to be found both in colonial towns such as Santafé (Bogotá), Tunja or Cartagena, or in rural haciendas throughout the country. After gaining its independence, Colombia severed its links with Spain and looked elsewhere for new models, first England, then France,[1] marking the beginning of what became known as Republican Architecture (Arquitectura republicana), an era that lasted well into the twentieth century, when the changes in architectural thinking in Europe brought Modern Architecture to the country during the last years before World War II.

Prominent Colombian architects include Rafael Esguerra, Daniel Bermúdez, Giancarlo Mazzanti, Rogelio Salmona, Álvaro Barrera, Patricio Samper Gnecco, Bruce Graham, Laureano Forero Ochoa, Pedro Nel Gómez, Raúl Fajardo Moreno, Rafael Esguerra, Arturo Robledo Ocampo and Simón Vélez. Firms include plan:B.

Jorge Arango, Andres Cortes, Jaime Correa and Felipe Hernandez (architect) were born in Colombia. Bruce Graham worked in Colombia.[citation needed] Expats such as Leopold Rother worked in Colombia.

Pre-Columbian period edit

Main article: Muisca architecture
 
Modern reconstruction of the Temple of the Sun at the Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso, Boyacá

Pre-Columbian architecture was varied. The Muisca, although portrayed as the summit of Colombian indigenous civilization, was modest compared to Mesoamerica or the Inca Empire. Their architecture was limited to rather small settlements and structures, made out of wood and clay instead of stone.

However some other pre-Columbian civilizations are known for their architecture, such as the Tairona (known for Ciudad Perdida) and the culture of Tierradentro.

Colonial period edit

Colombian architecture reflects seventeenth-century Spanish colonial origins. Regional differences derive from those found in Spain. Thus, hints of Moorish and Castilian architecture are evident in many cities. Many areas have had difficulty maintaining older structures, and the climate has destroyed many Baroque buildings. The many churches that dot the landscape are among the country's architectural gems, whose interiors reflect the influence of Medieval and Renaissance churches in Spain. Newer buildings in larger cities utilize modern styles with adaptations of the Baroque style supplemented with wood and wrought-iron elements.

Republican (Republicano) period edit

 
Painted ceiling and Murano chandelier at Teatro Colón, Bogotá. One of the finest, most lavish examples of Colombian architecture of the Republican period.

Modern architecture in Colombia edit

In the 1930s, Colombia began to embrace modern architecture. The new Liberal Party government tore down many older buildings that were replaced with buildings influenced by the International style. According to architectural historian Silvia Arango, Colombian modern architecture had two moments: a first one called the "Boast of technique", that, starting from the 40s, assimilated and replicated foreign influence through the use of modern techniques (as concrete structures and prefabricated pieces), and a second one, called the "Conscious assimilation", that used some the technical and stylistic elements from the modern movement and mixed it with local materials and formal languages that didn't coincide with the Modern canon.[2]

Housing developments edit

Until the mid-1940s, most Colombians lived in single-family dwellings built of cinder blocks and covered with an adobe made of clay, cow manure, and hay.[citation needed] Uncontrolled urban growth due to massive migration from rural areas resulted in large unplanned settlements in cities. There have been a few notable examples of high-density housing projects, but most are targeted to the rising middle-class. These include the Centro Antonio Nariño, which followed the principles of Le Corbusier and the Torres del Parque by architect Rogelio Salmona.

Gallery edit

Cathedrals edit

Buildings edit

Some of the most important buildings in Colombia are:

  •  
    Horizon Building. Cartagena. 140 metres (459 ft) high.
  •  
    Escollera Tower. Cartagena. 206 metres (676 ft) high.
  •  
    Coltejer Tower 1977. Medellín. 175 metres (574 ft) high

Historic heritage edit

Bogotá edit

Medellín edit

Cartagena-Santa Marta edit

Cúcuta-Villa del Rosario edit

Landmarks edit

Guadua architecture edit

Architectural styles in Colombia edit

Colonial architecture in Colombia edit

Neoclassical architecture in Colombia edit

Romanesque Revival architecture edit

Gothic Revival architecture edit

Neo-Mudéjar architecture edit

Art Deco architecture edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Banco de la República. La arquitectura republicana en Cartagena. Available online at [1]. Consulted 09-11-2010
  2. ^ Arango, S. Historia de la arquitectura en Colombia. (1988). Bogotá: Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
  • Benjamin Villegas (ed.), Casa Republicana: Columbia's Belle Epoque (1995)

December 18, 2023
architecture, colombia, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, feb. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Architecture of Colombia news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Colombia s architectural heritage includes Spanish colonial architecture including Catholic churches Its modern architecture represents various International Style architecture In the postmodern architecture era a wave of innovate and striking buildings have been designed Colombian cultural heritage includes indigenous European Indian and African influences The country s colonial buildings reflect their Spanish and particularly Andalusian origin as seen in the traditional single story houses laid around a central patio to be found both in colonial towns such as Santafe Bogota Tunja or Cartagena or in rural haciendas throughout the country After gaining its independence Colombia severed its links with Spain and looked elsewhere for new models first England then France 1 marking the beginning of what became known as Republican Architecture Arquitectura republicana an era that lasted well into the twentieth century when the changes in architectural thinking in Europe brought Modern Architecture to the country during the last years before World War II Prominent Colombian architects include Rafael Esguerra Daniel Bermudez Giancarlo Mazzanti Rogelio Salmona Alvaro Barrera Patricio Samper Gnecco Bruce Graham Laureano Forero Ochoa Pedro Nel Gomez Raul Fajardo Moreno Rafael Esguerra Arturo Robledo Ocampo and Simon Velez Firms include plan B Jorge Arango Andres Cortes Jaime Correa and Felipe Hernandez architect were born in Colombia Bruce Graham worked in Colombia citation needed Expats such as Leopold Rother worked in Colombia Contents 1 Pre Columbian period 2 Colonial period 3 Republican Republicano period 4 Modern architecture in Colombia 4 1 Housing developments 5 Gallery 5 1 Cathedrals 5 2 Buildings 5 3 Historic heritage 5 3 1 Bogota 5 3 2 Medellin 5 3 3 Cartagena Santa Marta 5 3 4 Cucuta Villa del Rosario 5 4 Landmarks 5 5 Guadua architecture 5 6 Architectural styles in Colombia 5 6 1 Colonial architecture in Colombia 5 6 2 Neoclassical architecture in Colombia 5 6 3 Romanesque Revival architecture 5 6 4 Gothic Revival architecture 5 6 5 Neo Mudejar architecture 5 6 6 Art Deco architecture 6 See also 7 ReferencesPre Columbian period editMain article Muisca architecture nbsp Modern reconstruction of the Temple of the Sun at the Archaeology Museum of Sogamoso BoyacaPre Columbian architecture was varied The Muisca although portrayed as the summit of Colombian indigenous civilization was modest compared to Mesoamerica or the Inca Empire Their architecture was limited to rather small settlements and structures made out of wood and clay instead of stone However some other pre Columbian civilizations are known for their architecture such as the Tairona known for Ciudad Perdida and the culture of Tierradentro Colonial period editColombian architecture reflects seventeenth century Spanish colonial origins Regional differences derive from those found in Spain Thus hints of Moorish and Castilian architecture are evident in many cities Many areas have had difficulty maintaining older structures and the climate has destroyed many Baroque buildings The many churches that dot the landscape are among the country s architectural gems whose interiors reflect the influence of Medieval and Renaissance churches in Spain Newer buildings in larger cities utilize modern styles with adaptations of the Baroque style supplemented with wood and wrought iron elements Republican Republicano period edit nbsp Painted ceiling and Murano chandelier at Teatro Colon Bogota One of the finest most lavish examples of Colombian architecture of the Republican period Modern architecture in Colombia editIn the 1930s Colombia began to embrace modern architecture The new Liberal Party government tore down many older buildings that were replaced with buildings influenced by the International style According to architectural historian Silvia Arango Colombian modern architecture had two moments a first one called the Boast of technique that starting from the 40s assimilated and replicated foreign influence through the use of modern techniques as concrete structures and prefabricated pieces and a second one called the Conscious assimilation that used some the technical and stylistic elements from the modern movement and mixed it with local materials and formal languages that didn t coincide with the Modern canon 2 Housing developments edit Until the mid 1940s most Colombians lived in single family dwellings built of cinder blocks and covered with an adobe made of clay cow manure and hay citation needed Uncontrolled urban growth due to massive migration from rural areas resulted in large unplanned settlements in cities There have been a few notable examples of high density housing projects but most are targeted to the rising middle class These include the Centro Antonio Narino which followed the principles of Le Corbusier and the Torres del Parque by architect Rogelio Salmona Gallery editCathedrals edit nbsp The Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellin nbsp The archbishopric cathedral of Bogota by Domingo de Petres 1792 Neoclassic style nbsp San Ignacio church by Fray Luis Gutierrez Medellin 1803 nbsp Salt Cathedral of Zipaquira 1995 detail nbsp Las Lajas Cathedral 1949 Gothic Revival architecture nbsp Our Lady of Lourdes church Bogota 1875 is an example of Gothic Revival architecture nbsp Virgin Mary Queen of Barranquilla CathedralBuildings edit Some of the most important buildings in Colombia are nbsp Horizon Building Cartagena 140 metres 459 ft high nbsp Escollera Tower Cartagena 206 metres 676 ft high nbsp Coltejer Tower 1977 Medellin 175 metres 574 ft highHistoric heritage edit Bogota edit nbsp La Candelaria neighborhood Bogota nbsp Camarin del Carmen Theatre Bogota 1625 nbsp Colon Theater by Pietro Cantini Bogota 1892 nbsp Colombian National MuseumMedellin edit nbsp San Ignacio Abbey Medellin nbsp Our Lady of the Vera Cruz church Medellin 1791 Cartagena Santa Marta edit nbsp San Felipe de Barajas Fortress Cartagena nbsp San Pedro Alejandrino death place of Simon Bolivar Santa Marta Cucuta Villa del Rosario edit nbsp House of Francisco de Paula Santander Cucuta nbsp Julio Perez Ferrero Library Cucuta nbsp Historic Temple of Villa del Rosario Villa del RosarioLandmarks edit nbsp Maloka Museum Bogota nbsp Funicular Tower Manizales nbsp Capitolio Nacional in Bogota Guadua architecture edit nbsp Plaza Colombian National Coffee ParkArchitectural styles in Colombia edit Colonial architecture in Colombia edit nbsp Colonial facade at Santa Fe de Antioquia nbsp Central plaza of Villa de Leyva nbsp Clock Tower Popayan nbsp Facade with Balcony at Cartagena de Indias nbsp Spanish Inquisition Palace Cartagena nbsp Pedro de Heredia Theater Cartagena nbsp Streets of CartagenaNeoclassical architecture in Colombia edit nbsp Neoclassical building Barranquilla nbsp Neoclassical building Barranquilla nbsp Neoclassical building Barranquilla nbsp Popayan CathedralRomanesque Revival architecture edit nbsp Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellin nbsp Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellin detail nbsp Metropolitan Cathedral of Medellin pulpit nbsp Our Lady of Rosary cathedral GirardotaGothic Revival architecture edit nbsp Rafael Uribe Uribe Palace of Culture Medellin nbsp Ubate CathedralNeo Mudejar architecture edit nbsp Interior view of the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Carmen in Bogota nbsp Mudejar revival building nbsp Mosque of Omar Ibn Al KhattabArt Deco architecture edit nbsp Cristobal Colon Theater Barranquilla nbsp Garcia Building Barranquilla nbsp Romelio Martinez Stadium deco detail nbsp Barranquilla Calle Real Shopping CenterSee also edit nbsp Architecture portalMuisca architectureReferences edit Banco de la Republica La arquitectura republicana en Cartagena Available online at 1 Consulted 09 11 2010 Arango S Historia de la arquitectura en Colombia 1988 Bogota Universidad Nacional de Colombia Benjamin Villegas ed Casa Republicana Columbia s Belle Epoque 1995 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Architecture of Colombia amp oldid 1182387498, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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