Boyacá is centrally located within Colombia, almost entirely within the mountains of the Eastern Cordillera to the border with Venezuela, although the western end of the department extends to the Magdalena River at the town of Puerto Boyacá. Boyacá borders to the north with the Department of Santander, to the northeast with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Norte de Santander, to the east with the departments of Arauca and Casanare. To the south, Boyacá borders the department of Cundinamarca and to the west with the Department of Antioquia covering a total area of 23,189 square kilometres (8,953 sq mi).[2] The capital of Boyacá is the city of Tunja.
Boyacá is known as "The Land of Freedom" because this region was the scene of a series of battles which led to Colombia's independence from Spain. The first one took place on 25 July 1819 in the Pantano de Vargas and the final and decisive battle known as the Battle of Boyacá was fought on 7 August 1819 at Puente de Boyacá.
The first European to discover the area was the Spaniard Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada who conquered the northern Muisca living in the area led by last zaqueAquiminzaque and distributed the land in encomiendas and forced the indigenous people to work for him.
In 1539, Gonzalo Suárez Rendón, a Spanish conquistador, founded the city of Tunja and other sites where the indigenous people previously had their villages. Tunja became one of the main political and economic centers for the Spanish during the Viceroyalty of New Granada.
After the creation of the Granadine Confederation by 1858 the territory of now Boyaca became the Sovereign State of Boyacá. It was later rearranged in territory and administration and renamed as "Department of Boyaca" after a series of civil wars like the Colombian Civil War (1860-1862) and the Thousand Days War that struggled over a centralist or federalist system and political instability that changed to many constitutions (such as the Constitution of 1886), Boyaca finally acquired its current definition as territory.
Geographyedit
Villa de LeyvaPáramo of Rabanal, BoyacáSatellite view of Lake Tota. Aquitania is the town in the east side of the lake
The department of Boyacá covers a small portion of the Middle Magdalena valley of the Magdalena River to the west, the Cordillera Oriental mountain range with altitudes of 5,380 m above sea level (Sierra Nevada del Cocuy with 25 snow peaks), flat highland plateaux, and another small portion of territory by the eastern Llanos plains. Among its most prominent geographical features are the Range of the Zorro, Serrania de las Quinchas and the Andean plateaus of Rusia, Guantivá, Pisba, Chontales and Rechiniga.
The Altiplano Cundiboyacense, shared with the department of Cundinamarca, is densely populated with numerous valleys. The southern part is the Bogotá savanna. Boyacá is subdivided into 123 municipalities.
Many rivers originate in Boyacá, the most important are the Chicamocha River and Arauca River and tributaries to other important rivers such as the Magdalena and Meta.
Boyacá also has numerous lakes which include Lake Tota, Lake Sochagota and Lake Fúquene, shared with the department of Cundinamarca, the artificial Chivor Reservoir and others.
El Cocuy and Pisba National Parks are located in the northeast of Boyacá. Pisba National Park is shared with the department of Arauca. The flora and fauna sanctuary of Lake Iguaque is situated in the centre of the department. The most beautiful páramo in the world, Ocetá Páramo, is in northeast Boyacá.
The central area of the highlands has two rainy seasons; the first between April and June, and a second between October and November with an average of 1,000 millimetres (39 in) of rainfall per year. The rest of the year is considered to be the dry seasons with intermittent rainfall.
Provinces and municipalitiesedit
Tunja, capital of BoyacáThe Lancers MonumentMonguí
There are 13 provinces and two special districts in the Boyacá Department, listed below with their 123 municipalities. The department also has 123 corregimientos, 185 police inspectorates and numerous towns and small villages spread throughout the territory.
Municipalities are also grouped into 45 notary circuits with 53 notaries public. One circuit main registry based in the capital of the department; Tunja and 13 other minor registries spread across the territory.
^ ab"Boyacá Nuestro Departamento: Localización: Posición Geográfica". Gobernación del Boyacá. from the original on 14 January 2013.
^ abcMaher, Joanne; et al., eds. (2009). "Colombia: Statistical Survey". Europa World Yearbook 2009. Vol. 1. London: Routledge. p. 1347. ISBN978-1-85743-541-2.
^"Estimaciones de Población 1985 – 2005 y Proyecciones de Población 2005 – 2020 Total Municipal por Área (estimate)". Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística. Retrieved 29 March 2014.
^"Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
^. DANE. Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadísitica. Archived from the original on 16 January 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
^"Boyacá Nuestro Departamento: Aspectos Geográfícos". Gobernación del Boyacá. from the original on 14 January 2013.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boyacá Department.
boyacá, department, other, uses, boyacá, boyacá, spanish, pronunciation, boʝaˈka, thirty, departments, colombia, remnant, boyacá, state, original, nine, states, united, states, colombia, department, boyacá, departamento, boyacádepartmentflagcoat, armsmotto, bo. For other uses see Boyaca Boyaca Spanish pronunciation boʝaˈka is one of the thirty two departments of Colombia and the remnant of Boyaca State one of the original nine states of the United States of Colombia Department of Boyaca Departamento de BoyacaDepartmentFlagCoat of armsMotto s Boyaca Duty of Everyone Spanish Boyaca Deber de todos Anthem Himno de Boyaca source source Location of Boyaca in ColombiaTopography of the departmentCoordinates 5 32 N 73 22 W 5 533 N 73 367 W 5 533 73 367Country ColombiaRegionAndean RegionEstablished1858CapitalTunjaGovernment GovernorCarlos Andres Amaya 2016 2019 Liberal and Green Alliance Area 1 2 Total23 189 km2 8 953 sq mi Rank20thPopulation 2018 3 Total1 217 376 Rank13th Density52 km2 140 sq mi Time zoneUTC 05ISO 3166 codeCO BOYProvinces13Municipalities123HDI 2019 0 760 4 high 12th of 33WebsiteOfficial websiteHistorical populationYearPop 19731 077 361 19851 209 739 12 3 19931 315 579 8 7 20051 255 311 4 6 20181 217 376 3 0 Source 5 Boyaca is centrally located within Colombia almost entirely within the mountains of the Eastern Cordillera to the border with Venezuela although the western end of the department extends to the Magdalena River at the town of Puerto Boyaca Boyaca borders to the north with the Department of Santander to the northeast with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela and Norte de Santander to the east with the departments of Arauca and Casanare To the south Boyaca borders the department of Cundinamarca and to the west with the Department of Antioquia covering a total area of 23 189 square kilometres 8 953 sq mi 2 The capital of Boyaca is the city of Tunja Boyaca is known as The Land of Freedom because this region was the scene of a series of battles which led to Colombia s independence from Spain The first one took place on 25 July 1819 in the Pantano de Vargas and the final and decisive battle known as the Battle of Boyaca was fought on 7 August 1819 at Puente de Boyaca Boyaca is home to three universities the Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia UPTC the Universidad de Boyaca UNIBOYACA and the Saint Thomas Aquinas University Contents 1 Origin of the name 2 History 3 Geography 4 National parks 4 1 Climate 5 Provinces and municipalities 5 1 Central 5 2 Northern 5 3 Western 5 4 Eastern 5 5 Gutierrez 5 6 La Libertad 5 7 Lengupa 5 8 Marquez 5 9 Neira 5 10 Ricaurte 5 11 Sugamuxi 5 12 Tundama 5 13 Valderrama 5 14 Frontier District 5 15 Special Handling Zone 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksOrigin of the name editThe word Boyaca derived from the Chibcha word Bojaca which means Near the cacique or Region of the royal mantle History edit nbsp El Libertador Simon Bolivar crossing the Paramo de Pisba The territory of present day Boyaca was during the Pre Columbian time the domain of the Muisca indigenous peoples The Muisca under the chiefdom of the zaque of Hunza lived mainly by agriculture and mining gold and emeralds The first European to discover the area was the Spaniard Gonzalo Jimenez de Quesada who conquered the northern Muisca living in the area led by last zaque Aquiminzaque and distributed the land in encomiendas and forced the indigenous people to work for him In 1539 Gonzalo Suarez Rendon a Spanish conquistador founded the city of Tunja and other sites where the indigenous people previously had their villages Tunja became one of the main political and economic centers for the Spanish during the Viceroyalty of New Granada During the 19th century Boyaca was battleground for numerous confrontations between the royalist and patriot armies led by Simon Bolivar during the Spanish colonies war of independence from Spain Two of the most decisive battles were the Battle of Boyaca and the Battle of Vargas Swamp 1819 won by the patriot forces against the royalists In 1824 Gran Colombia created the Boyaca Department Gran Colombia After the creation of the Granadine Confederation by 1858 the territory of now Boyaca became the Sovereign State of Boyaca It was later rearranged in territory and administration and renamed as Department of Boyaca after a series of civil wars like the Colombian Civil War 1860 1862 and the Thousand Days War that struggled over a centralist or federalist system and political instability that changed to many constitutions such as the Constitution of 1886 Boyaca finally acquired its current definition as territory Geography edit nbsp Villa de Leyva nbsp Paramo of Rabanal Boyaca nbsp Satellite view of Lake Tota Aquitania is the town in the east side of the lakeBoyaca is located in the Andean Region in central Colombia over the Cordillera Oriental mountain range 6 and covers a total area of 23 189 km2 2 It borders other Colombian departments as follows to the north Santander and Norte de Santander to the east Arauca and Casanare to the south Cundinamarca and a small part of Meta and to the west Antioquia and Caldas 1 It has a territorial dispute with Norte de Santander and Cundinamarca citation needed The department of Boyaca covers a small portion of the Middle Magdalena valley of the Magdalena River to the west the Cordillera Oriental mountain range with altitudes of 5 380 m above sea level Sierra Nevada del Cocuy with 25 snow peaks flat highland plateaux and another small portion of territory by the eastern Llanos plains Among its most prominent geographical features are the Range of the Zorro Serrania de las Quinchas and the Andean plateaus of Rusia Guantiva Pisba Chontales and Rechiniga The Altiplano Cundiboyacense shared with the department of Cundinamarca is densely populated with numerous valleys The southern part is the Bogota savanna Boyaca is subdivided into 123 municipalities Many rivers originate in Boyaca the most important are the Chicamocha River and Arauca River and tributaries to other important rivers such as the Magdalena and Meta Boyaca also has numerous lakes which include Lake Tota Lake Sochagota and Lake Fuquene shared with the department of Cundinamarca the artificial Chivor Reservoir and others National parks editMain article List of national parks of Colombia El Cocuy and Pisba National Parks are located in the northeast of Boyaca Pisba National Park is shared with the department of Arauca The flora and fauna sanctuary of Lake Iguaque is situated in the centre of the department The most beautiful paramo in the world Oceta Paramo is in northeast Boyaca Climate edit nbsp Guateque in southeastern Boyaca during a rainy seasonThe central area of the highlands has two rainy seasons the first between April and June and a second between October and November with an average of 1 000 millimetres 39 in of rainfall per year The rest of the year is considered to be the dry seasons with intermittent rainfall Provinces and municipalities edit nbsp Tunja capital of Boyaca nbsp The Lancers Monument nbsp MonguiSee also List of municipalities in Boyaca and Municipalities of Colombia There are 13 provinces and two special districts in the Boyaca Department listed below with their 123 municipalities The department also has 123 corregimientos 185 police inspectorates and numerous towns and small villages spread throughout the territory Municipalities are also grouped into 45 notary circuits with 53 notaries public One circuit main registry based in the capital of the department Tunja and 13 other minor registries spread across the territory Central edit Combita Cucaita Chiquiza Chivata Motavita Oicata Siachoque Samaca Sora Soraca Sotaquira Toca Tunja Tuta VentaquemadaNorthern edit Boavita Covarachia La Uvita San Mateo Sativanorte Sativasur Soata Susacon TipacoqueWestern edit Briceno Buenavista Caldas Chiquinquira Coper La Victoria Maripi Muzo Otanche Pauna Quipama Saboya San Miguel de Sema San Pablo de Borbur TununguaEastern edit Almeida Chivor Guateque Guayata La Capilla Somondoco Sutatenza Tenza Gutierrez edit Chiscas El Cocuy El Espino Guacamayas Guican PanquebaLa Libertad edit Labranzagrande Pajarito Paya PisbaLengupa edit Berbeo Campohermoso Miraflores Paez San Eduardo ZetaquiraMarquez edit Boyaca Cienega Jenesano Nuevo Colon Ramiriqui Rondon Tibana Turmeque Umbita ViracachaNeira edit Chinavita Garagoa Macanal Pachavita San Luis de Gaceno Santa MariaRicaurte edit Arcabuco Chitaraque Gachantiva Moniquira Raquira Sachica San Jose de Pare Santa Sofia Santana Sutamarchan Tinjaca Togui Villa de Leyva Sugamuxi edit Aquitania Cuitiva Firavitoba Gameza Iza Mongua Mongui Nobsa Pesca Sogamoso Tibasosa Topaga TotaTundama edit Belen Busbanza Cerinza Corrales Duitama Floresta Paipa Santa Rosa de Viterbo TutazaValderrama edit Beteitiva Chita Jerico Paz de Rio Socota Socha TascoFrontier District edit CubaraSpecial Handling Zone edit Puerto BoyacaSee also edit nbsp Colombia portalPostage stamps of BoyacaReferences edit a b Boyaca Nuestro Departamento Localizacion Posicion Geografica Gobernacion del Boyaca Archived from the original on 14 January 2013 a b c Maher Joanne et al eds 2009 Colombia Statistical Survey Europa World Yearbook 2009 Vol 1 London Routledge p 1347 ISBN 978 1 85743 541 2 Estimaciones de Poblacion 1985 2005 y Proyecciones de Poblacion 2005 2020 Total Municipal por Area estimate Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadistica Retrieved 29 March 2014 Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab hdi globaldatalab org Retrieved 13 September 2018 Reloj de Poblacion DANE Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadisitica Archived from the original on 16 January 2018 Retrieved 6 July 2017 Boyaca Nuestro Departamento Aspectos Geograficos Gobernacion del Boyaca Archived from the original on 14 January 2013 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boyaca Department nbsp Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica article Boyaca in Spanish Excelsio journal from Boyaca Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Boyaca Department amp oldid 1181308212, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
