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Apple dumpling

October 16, 2023

For the Australian plant, see Billardiera scandens.

An apple dumpling is a baked or boiled pastry-wrapped apple. To prepare apple dumplings, apples are peeled, cored and sometimes quartered and placed on a portion of dough. The hole from the core may be filled with cinnamon, butter and sugar and sometimes dried fruit such as raisins, sultanas, or currants. The dough is folded over the apples and sealed. Sometimes a spiced sauce is poured over the dumplings which are then baked until tender; the sugar and butter create a sweet sauce. Apple dumplings can be served hot, cold, or room temperature for breakfast, dessert, or as a main dish.

Apple dumpling
An apple dumpling served with vanilla ice cream
TypePastry
CourseBreakfast, main dish, dessert
Main ingredientsDough, apples, cinnamon, sugar, sometimes dried fruit and spices

History Edit

Boiled apple dumplings are among the earliest of fruit puddings.[1]: 65  They were eaten "at all social levels".[1] In 1726 Nicholas Amhurst complained about apple dumplings at Oxford, saying "nothing can be expected from only rot-gut small beer, and heavy apple-dumplings, but stupidity, sleepiness, and indolence."[2]: 75 [3] Two recipes for apple dumplings were published in Hannah Glasse's 1747 cookbook.[4] In 1749–1750, when botanist Pehr Kalm traveled from New Jersey to Quebec, he reported having apple dumplings at every meal.[2]: 75  In 1754 English agriculturalist William Ellis called them one of the most common foods among farmers, along with bacon and pickled pork.[1]

 
The 18th century Gillray cartoon, Lesson in apple dumplings. "Hay? hay? apple dumplings? - how get the apples in? -how? Are they made without seams?"

A print called Lesson in apple dumplings or Learning to make apple dumplings, variously attributed to British caricaturists James Gillray in 1792[5] or Richard Newton in 1797, shows a woman making apple dumplings, watched by a man, possibly King George III.[6] The 1801 domestic encyclopedia Oeconomische Encyclopädie oder Allgemeines System der Land-, Haus- und Staats-Wirthschaft includes instructions for making Apfelklöße, "small apple dumplings."[7] In 1810 English caricaturist Thomas Rowlandson created a colored etching called Puff Paste which shows a footman and cook cuddling while the cook makes apple dumplings.[8] In 1838 American physician William Alcott in his book of advice for young wives The Young House-keeper: Or, Thoughts on Food and Cookery said that "apple dumplings are not very objectionable, except for the crust" as long as no spices were added, but goes on to say, "But why should we have the apple dumpling at all? Few would prepare it, or eat it after it was prepared, were it not for the crust, and above all, for the butter, the sauce, or the sugar added to it; but all of these are objectionable."[9] American cookbook author Eliza Leslie included a recipe for baked apple dumplings in the 1851 edition of her cookbook, in a section called "New Receipts."[2]: 76  In 1870 an apple dumpling dinner was given by the Bethel A.M.E. church in San Francisco.[10] In 1879 Mark Twain included baked apple dumplings on a list of American foods "unmatched by European hotel cuisine".[2]: 76  In 1946 George Orwell was commissioned to write an essay on British Cuisine for an overseas audience, later rejected by the British Council "amid anxiety about postwar austerity", and called out boiled apple dumplings as an example of the "greatest glories of British cookery."[11]

Apple dumplings were Thomas Edison's favorite food.[12] Louis Hughes, born a black slave in Virginia in 1832, recorded an account of a Fourth of July barbecue for the slaves with roasted pigs and sheep, but apple dumplings and peach cobbler were still the favorites "relished by all the slaves".[13] A young pioneer's diary entry for July 4th, 1859 on Oregon Trail records having apple dumplings for supper that evening.[14]

Food historian Bruce Kraig speculated that apple dumplings were popular in the United States because they were "enormously practical in a country where apples grew well and could be dried for year-round use, few individually portioned foods were available, and large boiled dinners required the least tending."[2]: 76 

Ingredients and preparation Edit

Apple dumplings are typically made by wrapping a pastry crust around a peeled, cored, and sometimes quartered apple, sometimes stuffing the hollow from the core with butter, sugar, sometimes dried fruits such as raisins, sultanas, or currants, and spices, sealing the pastry, and pouring a spiced sauce over the top before baking or, in the case of older recipes, boiling.[4][9][15] The earliest recipes refer to boiling, as few homes had ovens, while many later recipes call for baking.[2]: 76  Sauces typically call for sugar or brown sugar and butter boiled with water, sometimes with sliced lemons or spices such as cinnamon added for flavor.[16]: 900 

  • Preparation of baked dumplings
  •  

    Apples are peeled and laid on a portion of pastry crust

  •  

    The crust is wrapped around the apples and the seams sealed to form the dumpling

  •  

    Dumplings are placed in a pan

  •  

    A spiced sauce is poured over the dumplings

  •  

    Dish is baked in a moderate oven

  •  

    Each dumpling forms an individual serving

  • Preparation of boiled dumplings
  •  

    A portion of dough is flattened

  •  

    The fruit is pressed into the dough

  •  

    The dough is wrapped around the fruit

  •  

    The seam is sealed

  •  

    The dumplings are boiled

  •  

    Dumplings are served with cottage cheese or other toppings

Serving Edit

Apple dumplings are served for breakfast or other meals, as sides, or as dessert.[2] They are served hot, warm or at room temperature,[17] sometimes with milk, cream,[16] whipped cream,[16] custard,[18] or ice cream.[16] Each dumpling is an individual serving.[2]: 76 [16]: 899 [19]

Around the world Edit

Austria Edit

In Austria a "large, soft" apple dumpling called apfelnockerln is eaten.[20]

Czechia Edit

 
Czech dumplings served with cottage cheese, sugar and melted butter

Fruit dumplings, including apple, called ovocné knedlíky, are popular in Czech cuisine and are eaten with quark or tvaroh cheese.[21][22] They are often served as a complete meal.[22]

Germany Edit

Apfelklöße are a "small pudding of apples," cored and filled with jam or marmalade and sometimes raisins or nuts, wrapped in pastry, boiled, and topped with a sweetened sauce containing raisins, sugar, cinnamon, and wine, a dish known since at least 1801.[7]

United Kingdom Edit

In the UK a suet pastry is often used, although shortcrust is also common.[23][24] In one traditional recipe described by George Orwell as "one of the best forms of suet pudding," the cavity left by removal of the core is filled with brown sugar, a suet pastry crust is applied, and the dumpling is tied tightly in cloth and then boiled.[25]

United States Edit

Apple dumplings are a common food in the northeastern United States, especially around Pennsylvania, where they are considered a "cultural staple".[26] Food historians trace this type of apple dumpling back to Glasse's book.[4] A common recipe among the Pennsylvania Dutch,[4] it is often eaten as a breakfast item or dessert. It is sometimes served with cream, whipped cream, or ice cream.[16]

In the US, September 17 is National Apple Dumpling Day.[27] Annual apple dumpling festivals are held in the towns of Atwood, Illinois,[28] Stuart, Virginia,[29] and Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania.[30]

Jane Cunningham Croly published a 19th-century recipe for apple dumplings contributed to Jennie June's American Cookery Book by the American poet sisters Alice Cary and Phoebe Cary:[31]

Peel and core large greening apples, of a uniform size, and fill the cavity with clear lemon marmalade. Enclose each one in a nice paste, rolled rather thin, and draw small knitted clothes over them, which give them a very pretty effect. Tie them close and boil three quarters of an hour, or an hour, if the crust is made with suet. Serve with hard sauce, flavored with nutmeg.

Similar dishes Edit

Other fruits, in particular plums, can also be used to make similar dumplings.[16] In Austria dumplings stuffed with plums are called Zwetschkenknödel, and in Hungary dumplings these are called Szilvás gombóc. Slovenian cuisine includes a similar plum dumpling dish.[32] Czech cuisine includes a dumpling filled with plums, apricots, strawberries or blueberries.[22] Croatian cuisine includes Knedle sa šljivama, a plum dumpling with a potato dough, usually eaten as a dessert.[33] Marillenknödel are an Austrian apricot dumpling popular in Graz.[34]

Baked apples Edit

Main article: Baked apple

Baked apples are a dish similar to baked apple dumplings but without the pastry shell.[35] Unpeeled apples are cored and stuffed with fillings such as raisins, nuts, oatmeal, or other ingredients and spices.[19][35] Variants can be served as dessert, side dish or breakfast.[35]

See also Edit

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c The Book of Apples. Ebury Press. 1993. ISBN 9780091777593.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Kraig, Bruce (2013). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America. OUP USA. ISBN 9780199734962.
  3. ^ Amhurst, Nicholas (1754). Terrae-filius: or the secret history of the university of Oxford. p. 317.
  4. ^ a b c d Sohn, Mark F. (December 1, 2009). Appalachian Home Cooking: History, Culture, and Recipes. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813137568.
  5. ^ Everitt, Graham (1893). English caricaturists and graphic humourists of the nineteenth century : how they illustrated and interpreted their times. Robarts - University of Toronto. London : S. Sonnenschein.
  6. ^ "Learning to make apple dumplings". British Museum. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  7. ^ a b Krünitz, Johann Georg (1801). Oeconomische Encyclopädie oder Allgemeines System der Land-, Haus- und Staats-Wirthschaft: in alphabetischer Ordnung (in German). Joachim Pauli. p. 460.
  8. ^ Gallani, Barbara (April 15, 2015). Dumplings: A Global History. Reaktion Books. ISBN 9781780234632.
  9. ^ a b Alcott, William Andrus (1838). The Young House-keeper: Or, Thoughts on Food and Cookery. G. W. Light.
  10. ^ Schenone, Laura (2003). A Thousand Years Over a Hot Stove: A History of American Women Told Through Food, Recipes, and Remembrances. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 131. ISBN 9780393016710.
  11. ^ Flood, Alison (February 7, 2019). "George Orwell: British Council apologises for rejecting food essay". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  12. ^ Mitchell, Barbara (January 1, 2012). The Wizard of Sound: A Story about Thomas Edison. Millbrook Press. ISBN 9780761391487.
  13. ^ Teed, Paul E. (2020). Daily Life of African American Slaves in the Antebellum South. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9781440863257.
  14. ^ Wadsworth, Ginger (2003). Words West:Voices of Young Pioneers. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 74. ISBN 9780618234752.
  15. ^ "Baked Apple Dumplings". Washington Post. August 29, 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g Rombauer, Irma; Becker, Marion Rombauer (1997). Joy of Cooking. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-0-02-604570-4.
  17. ^ "Baked Apple Dumplings". Washington Post. August 29, 2007. Retrieved August 12, 2019.
  18. ^ "Foods of England – Hereford Apple Dumplings". www.foodsofengland.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  19. ^ a b Stockwell, Anna (November 14, 2018). "How to Make Baked Apples (and Why You Should)". Epicurious. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  20. ^ Fercher, Dietmar; Karrer, Andrea (2011). Austrian Desserts and Pastries: 108 Classic Recipes (in Dutch). Skyhorse Publishing Inc. ISBN 9781616083991.
  21. ^ "Czech Fruit Dumplings Recipe". CZECH STUFF. 21 August 2016. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  22. ^ a b c Fraňková, Ruth; Schneibergová, Martina (August 18, 2018). "Czech fruit dumplings: traditional sweet treat | Radio Prague". Radio Praha. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  23. ^ "Devon apple dumplings". sainsburysmagazine.co.uk. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  24. ^ "Apple dumplings". boroughmarket.org.uk. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  25. ^ Orwell, George (1946). "British Cookery". www.britishcouncil.org. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  26. ^ . Reading Eagle. November 9, 2018. Archived from the original on 2019-08-16. Retrieved 2019-08-16.
  27. ^ Kolpas, Norman (March 12, 2005). Practically Useless Information on Food and Drink. Thomas Nelson. ISBN 9781418553890.
  28. ^ . ChambanaMoms.com. June 28, 2019. Archived from the original on August 16, 2019. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  29. ^ Perry, Thomas D. (May 18, 2009). Patrick County. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 9781439637982.
  30. ^ . Reading Eagle. June 2, 2019. Archived from the original on 2019-08-12. Retrieved 2019-08-12.
  31. ^ Scharnhorst, Gary. Literary Eats. McFarland. p. 30.
  32. ^ Loštrek, Neža (September 17, 2018). "Plum Dumplings". Total Slovenia News. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  33. ^ . Croatia Week. August 6, 2019. Archived from the original on August 11, 2019. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  34. ^ "Meet the Dumpling For Every Occasion". Bon Appétit. March 15, 2019. Retrieved August 16, 2019.
  35. ^ a b c Touzalin, Jane (October 16, 2013). "Chat Leftovers: Baked apples". Washington Post. Retrieved August 16, 2019.

October 16, 2023
apple, dumpling, australian, plant, billardiera, scandens, apple, dumpling, baked, boiled, pastry, wrapped, apple, prepare, apple, dumplings, apples, peeled, cored, sometimes, quartered, placed, portion, dough, hole, from, core, filled, with, cinnamon, butter,. For the Australian plant see Billardiera scandens An apple dumpling is a baked or boiled pastry wrapped apple To prepare apple dumplings apples are peeled cored and sometimes quartered and placed on a portion of dough The hole from the core may be filled with cinnamon butter and sugar and sometimes dried fruit such as raisins sultanas or currants The dough is folded over the apples and sealed Sometimes a spiced sauce is poured over the dumplings which are then baked until tender the sugar and butter create a sweet sauce Apple dumplings can be served hot cold or room temperature for breakfast dessert or as a main dish Apple dumplingAn apple dumpling served with vanilla ice creamTypePastryCourseBreakfast main dish dessertMain ingredientsDough apples cinnamon sugar sometimes dried fruit and spices Contents 1 History 2 Ingredients and preparation 3 Serving 4 Around the world 4 1 Austria 4 2 Czechia 4 3 Germany 4 4 United Kingdom 4 5 United States 5 Similar dishes 5 1 Baked apples 6 See also 7 ReferencesHistory EditBoiled apple dumplings are among the earliest of fruit puddings 1 65 They were eaten at all social levels 1 In 1726 Nicholas Amhurst complained about apple dumplings at Oxford saying nothing can be expected from only rot gut small beer and heavy apple dumplings but stupidity sleepiness and indolence 2 75 3 Two recipes for apple dumplings were published in Hannah Glasse s 1747 cookbook 4 In 1749 1750 when botanist Pehr Kalm traveled from New Jersey to Quebec he reported having apple dumplings at every meal 2 75 In 1754 English agriculturalist William Ellis called them one of the most common foods among farmers along with bacon and pickled pork 1 nbsp The 18th century Gillray cartoon Lesson in apple dumplings Hay hay apple dumplings how get the apples in how Are they made without seams A print called Lesson in apple dumplings or Learning to make apple dumplings variously attributed to British caricaturists James Gillray in 1792 5 or Richard Newton in 1797 shows a woman making apple dumplings watched by a man possibly King George III 6 The 1801 domestic encyclopedia Oeconomische Encyclopadie oder Allgemeines System der Land Haus und Staats Wirthschaft includes instructions for making Apfelklosse small apple dumplings 7 In 1810 English caricaturist Thomas Rowlandson created a colored etching called Puff Paste which shows a footman and cook cuddling while the cook makes apple dumplings 8 In 1838 American physician William Alcott in his book of advice for young wives The Young House keeper Or Thoughts on Food and Cookery said that apple dumplings are not very objectionable except for the crust as long as no spices were added but goes on to say But why should we have the apple dumpling at all Few would prepare it or eat it after it was prepared were it not for the crust and above all for the butter the sauce or the sugar added to it but all of these are objectionable 9 American cookbook author Eliza Leslie included a recipe for baked apple dumplings in the 1851 edition of her cookbook in a section called New Receipts 2 76 In 1870 an apple dumpling dinner was given by the Bethel A M E church in San Francisco 10 In 1879 Mark Twain included baked apple dumplings on a list of American foods unmatched by European hotel cuisine 2 76 In 1946 George Orwell was commissioned to write an essay on British Cuisine for an overseas audience later rejected by the British Council amid anxiety about postwar austerity and called out boiled apple dumplings as an example of the greatest glories of British cookery 11 Apple dumplings were Thomas Edison s favorite food 12 Louis Hughes born a black slave in Virginia in 1832 recorded an account of a Fourth of July barbecue for the slaves with roasted pigs and sheep but apple dumplings and peach cobbler were still the favorites relished by all the slaves 13 A young pioneer s diary entry for July 4th 1859 on Oregon Trail records having apple dumplings for supper that evening 14 Food historian Bruce Kraig speculated that apple dumplings were popular in the United States because they were enormously practical in a country where apples grew well and could be dried for year round use few individually portioned foods were available and large boiled dinners required the least tending 2 76 Ingredients and preparation EditApple dumplings are typically made by wrapping a pastry crust around a peeled cored and sometimes quartered apple sometimes stuffing the hollow from the core with butter sugar sometimes dried fruits such as raisins sultanas or currants and spices sealing the pastry and pouring a spiced sauce over the top before baking or in the case of older recipes boiling 4 9 15 The earliest recipes refer to boiling as few homes had ovens while many later recipes call for baking 2 76 Sauces typically call for sugar or brown sugar and butter boiled with water sometimes with sliced lemons or spices such as cinnamon added for flavor 16 900 Preparation of baked dumplings nbsp Apples are peeled and laid on a portion of pastry crust nbsp The crust is wrapped around the apples and the seams sealed to form the dumpling nbsp Dumplings are placed in a pan nbsp A spiced sauce is poured over the dumplings nbsp Dish is baked in a moderate oven nbsp Each dumpling forms an individual servingPreparation of boiled dumplings nbsp A portion of dough is flattened nbsp The fruit is pressed into the dough nbsp The dough is wrapped around the fruit nbsp The seam is sealed nbsp The dumplings are boiled nbsp Dumplings are served with cottage cheese or other toppingsServing EditApple dumplings are served for breakfast or other meals as sides or as dessert 2 They are served hot warm or at room temperature 17 sometimes with milk cream 16 whipped cream 16 custard 18 or ice cream 16 Each dumpling is an individual serving 2 76 16 899 19 Around the world EditAustria Edit In Austria a large soft apple dumpling called apfelnockerln is eaten 20 Czechia Edit nbsp Czech dumplings served with cottage cheese sugar and melted butterFruit dumplings including apple called ovocne knedliky are popular in Czech cuisine and are eaten with quark or tvaroh cheese 21 22 They are often served as a complete meal 22 Germany Edit Apfelklosse are a small pudding of apples cored and filled with jam or marmalade and sometimes raisins or nuts wrapped in pastry boiled and topped with a sweetened sauce containing raisins sugar cinnamon and wine a dish known since at least 1801 7 United Kingdom Edit In the UK a suet pastry is often used although shortcrust is also common 23 24 In one traditional recipe described by George Orwell as one of the best forms of suet pudding the cavity left by removal of the core is filled with brown sugar a suet pastry crust is applied and the dumpling is tied tightly in cloth and then boiled 25 United States Edit Apple dumplings are a common food in the northeastern United States especially around Pennsylvania where they are considered a cultural staple 26 Food historians trace this type of apple dumpling back to Glasse s book 4 A common recipe among the Pennsylvania Dutch 4 it is often eaten as a breakfast item or dessert It is sometimes served with cream whipped cream or ice cream 16 In the US September 17 is National Apple Dumpling Day 27 Annual apple dumpling festivals are held in the towns of Atwood Illinois 28 Stuart Virginia 29 and Sinking Spring Pennsylvania 30 Jane Cunningham Croly published a 19th century recipe for apple dumplings contributed to Jennie June s American Cookery Book by the American poet sisters Alice Cary and Phoebe Cary 31 Peel and core large greening apples of a uniform size and fill the cavity with clear lemon marmalade Enclose each one in a nice paste rolled rather thin and draw small knitted clothes over them which give them a very pretty effect Tie them close and boil three quarters of an hour or an hour if the crust is made with suet Serve with hard sauce flavored with nutmeg Similar dishes EditOther fruits in particular plums can also be used to make similar dumplings 16 In Austria dumplings stuffed with plums are called Zwetschkenknodel and in Hungary dumplings these are called Szilvas gomboc Slovenian cuisine includes a similar plum dumpling dish 32 Czech cuisine includes a dumpling filled with plums apricots strawberries or blueberries 22 Croatian cuisine includes Knedle sa sljivama a plum dumpling with a potato dough usually eaten as a dessert 33 Marillenknodel are an Austrian apricot dumpling popular in Graz 34 Baked apples Edit Main article Baked apple Baked apples are a dish similar to baked apple dumplings but without the pastry shell 35 Unpeeled apples are cored and stuffed with fillings such as raisins nuts oatmeal or other ingredients and spices 19 35 Variants can be served as dessert side dish or breakfast 35 See also EditThe Apple Dumpling Gang DumplingReferences Edit a b c The Book of Apples Ebury Press 1993 ISBN 9780091777593 a b c d e f g h Kraig Bruce 2013 The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America OUP USA ISBN 9780199734962 Amhurst Nicholas 1754 Terrae filius or the secret history of the university of Oxford p 317 a b c d Sohn Mark F December 1 2009 Appalachian Home Cooking History Culture and Recipes University Press of Kentucky ISBN 9780813137568 Everitt Graham 1893 English caricaturists and graphic humourists of the nineteenth century how they illustrated and interpreted their times Robarts University of Toronto London S Sonnenschein Learning to make apple dumplings British Museum Retrieved 2019 08 12 a b Krunitz Johann Georg 1801 Oeconomische Encyclopadie oder Allgemeines System der Land Haus und Staats Wirthschaft in alphabetischer Ordnung in German Joachim Pauli p 460 Gallani Barbara April 15 2015 Dumplings A Global History Reaktion Books ISBN 9781780234632 a b Alcott William Andrus 1838 The Young House keeper Or Thoughts on Food and Cookery G W Light Schenone Laura 2003 A Thousand Years Over a Hot Stove A History of American Women Told Through Food Recipes and Remembrances W W Norton amp Company p 131 ISBN 9780393016710 Flood Alison February 7 2019 George Orwell British Council apologises for rejecting food essay The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved August 16 2019 Mitchell Barbara January 1 2012 The Wizard of Sound A Story about Thomas Edison Millbrook Press ISBN 9780761391487 Teed Paul E 2020 Daily Life of African American Slaves in the Antebellum South ABC CLIO ISBN 9781440863257 Wadsworth Ginger 2003 Words West Voices of Young Pioneers Houghton Mifflin Harcourt p 74 ISBN 9780618234752 Baked Apple Dumplings Washington Post August 29 2007 Retrieved August 16 2019 a b c d e f g Rombauer Irma Becker Marion Rombauer 1997 Joy of Cooking Simon and Schuster ISBN 978 0 02 604570 4 Baked Apple Dumplings Washington Post August 29 2007 Retrieved August 12 2019 Foods of England Hereford Apple Dumplings www foodsofengland co uk Retrieved 2019 08 12 a b Stockwell Anna November 14 2018 How to Make Baked Apples and Why You Should Epicurious Retrieved August 16 2019 Fercher Dietmar Karrer Andrea 2011 Austrian Desserts and Pastries 108 Classic Recipes in Dutch Skyhorse Publishing Inc ISBN 9781616083991 Czech Fruit Dumplings Recipe CZECH STUFF 21 August 2016 Retrieved 2019 08 12 a b c Frankova Ruth Schneibergova Martina August 18 2018 Czech fruit dumplings traditional sweet treat Radio Prague Radio Praha Retrieved August 16 2019 Devon apple dumplings sainsburysmagazine co uk Retrieved 2019 08 12 Apple dumplings boroughmarket org uk Retrieved 2019 08 12 Orwell George 1946 British Cookery www britishcouncil org Retrieved August 16 2019 15 notable Pennsylvania Dutch comfort foods Reading Eagle November 9 2018 Archived from the original on 2019 08 16 Retrieved 2019 08 16 Kolpas Norman March 12 2005 Practically Useless Information on Food and Drink Thomas Nelson ISBN 9781418553890 Summer Parades in Champaign Urbana ChambanaMoms com June 28 2019 Archived from the original on August 16 2019 Retrieved August 16 2019 Perry Thomas D May 18 2009 Patrick County Arcadia Publishing ISBN 9781439637982 Apple Dumpling Festival crowns its apple royalty in Sinking Spring Reading Eagle June 2 2019 Archived from the original on 2019 08 12 Retrieved 2019 08 12 Scharnhorst Gary Literary Eats McFarland p 30 Lostrek Neza September 17 2018 Plum Dumplings Total Slovenia News Retrieved August 16 2019 Knedle sa sljivama Plum dumplings Croatia Week August 6 2019 Archived from the original on August 11 2019 Retrieved August 16 2019 Meet the Dumpling For Every Occasion Bon Appetit March 15 2019 Retrieved August 16 2019 a b c Touzalin Jane October 16 2013 Chat Leftovers Baked apples Washington Post Retrieved August 16 2019 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Apple dumpling amp oldid 1176284449, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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