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Eberswalde

March 08, 2023

For the Mars crater, see Eberswalde (crater).

Eberswalde (German pronunciation: [ˌʔeːbɐsˈvaldə] (listen)) is a major town and the administrative seat of the district Barnim in the German State (Bundesland / federated state) of Brandenburg, about 50 km northeast of Berlin. Population 42,144 (census in June 2005), geographical location 52°50′N 13°50′E / 52.833°N 13.833°E / 52.833; 13.833. The town is often called Waldstadt (forest town), because of the large forests around it, including the Schorfheide-Chorin Biosphere Reserve. Despite this fact, Eberswalde was an important industrial center until the German Reunification.

Eberswalde
Town
Coat of arms
Location of Eberswalde within Barnim district
AhrensfeldeAlthüttendorfBernau bei BerlinBiesenthalBreydinBritzChorinEberswaldeFriedrichswaldeHohenfinowJoachimsthalLiepeLunow-StolzenhagenMarienwerderMelchowNiederfinowOderbergPanketalParsteinseeRüdnitzSchorfheideSydower FließWandlitzWerneuchenZiethenBrandenburg
Eberswalde
Eberswalde
Coordinates: 52°50′N 13°50′E / 52.833°N 13.833°E / 52.833; 13.833Coordinates: 52°50′N 13°50′E / 52.833°N 13.833°E / 52.833; 13.833
CountryGermany
StateBrandenburg
DistrictBarnim
Subdivisions7 Ortsteile
Government
 • Mayor (2022–30) Götz Herrmann[1]
Area
 • Total58.17 km2 (22.46 sq mi)
Elevation
25 m (82 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-31)[2]
 • Total41,103
 • Density710/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
16225/16227
Dialling codes03334
Vehicle registrationBAR, BER, EW
Websitewww.eberswalde.de
Old Forestry Academy
Marketplace
Crane in Eberswalde

History

Prehistory

 
Steel-mill near Eberswalde, Carl Blechen, c. 1830.

The area around Eberswalde was already populated in Paleolithic. Before the establishment of the Margraviate of Brandenburg it was the place of a Slavic stockade. The Treasure of Eberswalde, the largest pre-Christian gold treasure from the area of today's Germany was found here. Today the treasure is located in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow.

Founding and development

The town of Everswolde ("forest of the boars") was established in 1254 by the Ascanian margrave Johann I. It was first mentioned in a document dated April 23, 1276 when margrave Albrecht III. resided there. In 1300 it received market rights. From the year 1317 the main trade route between Stettin and Frankfurt (Oder) went through the city. A major fire struck the city in 1499.

After rebuilding the town, Eberswalde became the first industrial town of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, with huge metallurgy capacities. Some parts of the town are still named from their past function, like Kupferhammer ("copper hammer"). 1605 till 1620 the important waterway Finow Canal was built.

Thirty Years' War

During the Thirty Years' War Eberswalde was besieged and conquered several times by nearly every important faction of the war. The general of the Catholic League, Albrecht von Wallenstein, resided in the town, later Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, who did not survive the battle of Lützen, was embalmed in the town's Maria Magdalena church. Both parties forced the town population to support their troops. After the end of the war only twenty inhabitants of Eberswalde were still alive, and Eberswalde needed more than a century to recover from its losses.

Rebirth and growth

Between 1743 and 1755 120 families of metalworkers moved from Thuringia and the Rhineland to Eberswalde. The boilers of the first German steam engines were made here. During the 19th century large factories were built in the area of Eberswalde, especially along the Finow Canal. In 1830 it became the site of what is now the Hochschule für nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde. On November 23, 1877 the first German telephone line was established in the town.

20th century

The world's first radio concert was broadcast from Eberswalde in 1923. Werner Forssmann received his 1956 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his 1929 experiments with cardiac catheterization performed on his own heart, whilst resident in Eberswalde.

In the 1938 pogroms, Eberswalde's synagogue was destroyed. During World War II, several factories employed forced labourers and inmates of the Ravensbrück concentration camp. At the end of the war, the town center was attacked by the German Luftwaffe, in an attempt to delay the Soviet advance. After learning that Soviet forces had taken Eberswalde without a fight, Adolf Hitler admitted defeat in his underground bunker and stated that suicide was his only recourse.[3]

In 1970 Eberswalde was merged with the settlement of Finow to create Eberswalde-Finow. In 1993 the name Eberswalde was restored.

Demography

  •  

    Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries (Blue Line: Population; Dotted Line: Comparison to Population Development of Brandenburg state; Grey Background: Time of Nazi rule; Red Background: Time of Communist rule)

  •  

    Recent Population Development and Projections (Population Development before Census 2011 (blue line); Recent Population Development according to the Census in Germany in 2011 (blue bordered line); Official projections for 2005-2030 (yellow line); for 2014-2030 (red line); for 2017-2030 (scarlet line)

Eberswalde: Population development
within the current boundaries (2019)[4]
YearPop.±% p.a.
1875 14,270—    
1890 21,023+2.62%
1910 34,813+2.55%
1925 39,064+0.77%
1933 41,435+0.74%
1939 49,709+3.08%
1946 40,771−2.79%
1950 41,477+0.43%
1964 44,005+0.42%
1971 47,171+1.00%
1981 53,922+1.35%
1985 54,931+0.46%
1989 54,964+0.02%
1990 53,601−2.48%
1991 52,137−2.73%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1992 51,617−1.00%
1993 50,730−1.72%
1994 49,940−1.56%
1995 49,212−1.46%
1996 48,411−1.63%
1997 47,366−2.16%
1998 46,250−2.36%
1999 45,484−1.66%
2000 44,623−1.89%
2001 43,669−2.14%
2002 42,901−1.76%
2003 42,446−1.06%
2004 42,144−0.71%
2005 41,831−0.74%
2006 41,787−0.11%
YearPop.±% p.a.
2007 41,396−0.94%
2008 41,331−0.16%
2009 41,175−0.38%
2010 40,944−0.56%
2011 39,126−4.44%
2012 38,965−0.41%
2013 38,844−0.31%
2014 38,897+0.14%
2015 39,303+1.04%
2016 40,019+1.82%
2017 40,223+0.51%
2018 40,387+0.41%
2019 40,699+0.77%
2020 40,965+0.65%

Mayor

Since December 2006 Friedhelm Boginski (FDP) is the mayor of Eberswalde. The former mayor Reinhard Schulz (independent) was unelected in July 2006 with 91,2 % of the votes.[5]

Transport

Eberswalde has access to the federal highways (Bundesstraße) B 2 and B 167 and the highway (Autobahn) A 11-E28. Eberswalde station is located on the Berlin–Szczecin railway line that first connected Eberswalde and Berlin in 1842. It is the starting point of the railway lines to Templin and Frankfurt (Oder) and was terminus of the Eberswalde-Finowfurter-Eisenbahn (EFE) to Finowfurt until it was discontinued.

The town and its industrial areas are on the Oder Havel Canal and Finow Canal waterways. The airfield Flugplatz Finow is a former Soviet Air Force base that was handed over to civil use on May 11, 1993.

The town had a tram service until 1940, when the trams were replaced by the trolleybuses. Eberswalde is one of only three towns in Germany where trolleybuses are still in operation, along with Solingen and Esslingen.

Economy

 
Bank Sparkasse Barnim

While Eberswalde was renowned for its thriving heavy industry in the past, since the fall of the wall, it has fallen upon harder times. As the East German government fell, state support vanished, and factories had to suddenly compete with more efficient firms in the West. As a result, many factories in Eberswalde went under, and visitors can see the remnants of these abandoned plants across town. Like many former East German towns, Eberswalde has since struggled with unemployment, and many have left the region in search of work elsewhere. Consequently, many of the huge Soviet-Bloc style apartment complexes in Eberswalde (most notably the Brandenburgisches Viertel) are becoming empty, and are slowly being razed.

Culture

Festivals

Carnival Compared to other towns of the region, Eberswalde has quite a huge Carnival society. It was brought to Eberswalde from Bavaria and from the Rhineland, both are standing for different Carnival traditions. That's why Carnival is celebrated in two independent festivals at the same time, they are called Karneval and Fasching.

Rock me Magdalena

Rock me Magdalena is a rock concert in the Maria Magdalena church of Eberswalde, taking place every December 25.

Filmfest Eberswalde

Since 2004 there is the annual Eberswalde Movie Festival for Independent Film and Documentaries.

Culinary traditions

There are some foods that are associated with Eberswalde. The most important of them are Eberswalder Spritzkuchen (a special pastry that was invented in Eberswalde in 1832) and Eberswalder Würstchen (sausages).

Language

The tongue spoken in the region of Eberswalde is often called Eberswalder Kanaldeutsch (canal German). It is not an independent German dialect, but a very extreme mix of the Berlin Dialect and a bit of East Low German. Other forms of Kanaldeutsch, that are derived from the Eberswalde form, nearly developed back to the Berlin Dialect. That's why Eberswalder Kanaldeutsch is the only one that is in fact sometimes considered as an independent German dialect.

Gardens

The Forstbotanischer Garten Eberswalde is a historic botanical garden and arboretum.

Notable people

 
Robert Hartig, forestry scientist

Coat of arms

The emblem shows a green oak tree and above the oak tree a red eagle. Towards the oak's bole stand two black boars. The flag of Eberswalde is a black/white/green tricolour with the crest in the middle.

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany

Eberswalde is twinned with:[6]

Gallery

  •  

    Marketplace

  •  

    Town hall

  •  

    View onto the building of the county government

  •  

    Museum of the town with tourist info

See also

References

  1. ^ Landkreis Barnim Wahl der Bürgermeisterin / des Bürgermeisters, accessed 10 November 2022.
  2. ^ "Bevölkerungsentwicklung und Flächen der kreisfreien Städte, Landkreise und Gemeinden im Land Brandenburg 2021" (PDF). Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg (in German). June 2022.
  3. ^ "Hitler admits defeat".
  4. ^ Detailed data sources are to be found in the Wikimedia Commons.Population Projection Brandenburg at Wikimedia Commons
  5. ^ Stadt Eberswalde: Ergebnisse des Bürgerentscheids am 16. Juli 2006 (PDF; 245 kB) Amtsblatt für die Stadt Eberswalde
  6. ^ "Partnerschaften". eberswalde.de (in German). Eberswalde. Retrieved 2021-02-02.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eberswalde.

March 08, 2023
eberswalde, mars, crater, crater, this, article, expanded, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, german, october, 2012, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, german, article, machine, translation. For the Mars crater see Eberswalde crater This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German October 2012 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 744 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de Eberswalde see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de Eberswalde to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Eberswalde German pronunciation ˌʔeːbɐsˈvalde listen is a major town and the administrative seat of the district Barnim in the German State Bundesland federated state of Brandenburg about 50 km northeast of Berlin Population 42 144 census in June 2005 geographical location 52 50 N 13 50 E 52 833 N 13 833 E 52 833 13 833 The town is often called Waldstadt forest town because of the large forests around it including the Schorfheide Chorin Biosphere Reserve Despite this fact Eberswalde was an important industrial center until the German Reunification EberswaldeTownCoat of armsLocation of Eberswalde within Barnim districtEberswaldeShow map of GermanyEberswaldeShow map of BrandenburgCoordinates 52 50 N 13 50 E 52 833 N 13 833 E 52 833 13 833 Coordinates 52 50 N 13 50 E 52 833 N 13 833 E 52 833 13 833CountryGermanyStateBrandenburgDistrictBarnimSubdivisions7 OrtsteileGovernment Mayor 2022 30 Gotz Herrmann 1 Area Total58 17 km2 22 46 sq mi Elevation25 m 82 ft Population 2021 12 31 2 Total41 103 Density710 km2 1 800 sq mi Time zoneUTC 01 00 CET Summer DST UTC 02 00 CEST Postal codes16225 16227Dialling codes03334Vehicle registrationBAR BER EWWebsitewww eberswalde deOld Forestry Academy Marketplace Crane in Eberswalde Contents 1 History 1 1 Prehistory 1 2 Founding and development 1 3 Thirty Years War 1 4 Rebirth and growth 1 5 20th century 2 Demography 3 Mayor 4 Transport 5 Economy 6 Culture 6 1 Festivals 6 2 Culinary traditions 6 3 Language 6 4 Gardens 7 Notable people 8 Coat of arms 9 Twin towns sister cities 10 Gallery 11 See also 12 References 13 External linksHistory EditPrehistory Edit Steel mill near Eberswalde Carl Blechen c 1830 The area around Eberswalde was already populated in Paleolithic Before the establishment of the Margraviate of Brandenburg it was the place of a Slavic stockade The Treasure of Eberswalde the largest pre Christian gold treasure from the area of today s Germany was found here Today the treasure is located in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow Founding and development Edit The town of Everswolde forest of the boars was established in 1254 by the Ascanian margrave Johann I It was first mentioned in a document dated April 23 1276 when margrave Albrecht III resided there In 1300 it received market rights From the year 1317 the main trade route between Stettin and Frankfurt Oder went through the city A major fire struck the city in 1499 After rebuilding the town Eberswalde became the first industrial town of the Margraviate of Brandenburg with huge metallurgy capacities Some parts of the town are still named from their past function like Kupferhammer copper hammer 1605 till 1620 the important waterway Finow Canal was built Thirty Years War Edit During the Thirty Years War Eberswalde was besieged and conquered several times by nearly every important faction of the war The general of the Catholic League Albrecht von Wallenstein resided in the town later Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden who did not survive the battle of Lutzen was embalmed in the town s Maria Magdalena church Both parties forced the town population to support their troops After the end of the war only twenty inhabitants of Eberswalde were still alive and Eberswalde needed more than a century to recover from its losses Rebirth and growth Edit Between 1743 and 1755 120 families of metalworkers moved from Thuringia and the Rhineland to Eberswalde The boilers of the first German steam engines were made here During the 19th century large factories were built in the area of Eberswalde especially along the Finow Canal In 1830 it became the site of what is now the Hochschule fur nachhaltige Entwicklung Eberswalde On November 23 1877 the first German telephone line was established in the town 20th century Edit The world s first radio concert was broadcast from Eberswalde in 1923 Werner Forssmann received his 1956 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his 1929 experiments with cardiac catheterization performed on his own heart whilst resident in Eberswalde In the 1938 pogroms Eberswalde s synagogue was destroyed During World War II several factories employed forced labourers and inmates of the Ravensbruck concentration camp At the end of the war the town center was attacked by the German Luftwaffe in an attempt to delay the Soviet advance After learning that Soviet forces had taken Eberswalde without a fight Adolf Hitler admitted defeat in his underground bunker and stated that suicide was his only recourse 3 In 1970 Eberswalde was merged with the settlement of Finow to create Eberswalde Finow In 1993 the name Eberswalde was restored Demography Edit Development of Population since 1875 within the Current Boundaries Blue Line Population Dotted Line Comparison to Population Development of Brandenburg state Grey Background Time of Nazi rule Red Background Time of Communist rule Recent Population Development and Projections Population Development before Census 2011 blue line Recent Population Development according to the Census in Germany in 2011 blue bordered line Official projections for 2005 2030 yellow line for 2014 2030 red line for 2017 2030 scarlet line Eberswalde Population development within the current boundaries 2019 4 YearPop p a 187514 270 189021 023 2 62 191034 813 2 55 192539 064 0 77 193341 435 0 74 193949 709 3 08 194640 771 2 79 195041 477 0 43 196444 005 0 42 197147 171 1 00 198153 922 1 35 198554 931 0 46 198954 964 0 02 199053 601 2 48 199152 137 2 73 YearPop p a 199251 617 1 00 199350 730 1 72 199449 940 1 56 199549 212 1 46 199648 411 1 63 199747 366 2 16 199846 250 2 36 199945 484 1 66 200044 623 1 89 200143 669 2 14 200242 901 1 76 200342 446 1 06 200442 144 0 71 200541 831 0 74 200641 787 0 11 YearPop p a 200741 396 0 94 200841 331 0 16 200941 175 0 38 201040 944 0 56 201139 126 4 44 201238 965 0 41 201338 844 0 31 201438 897 0 14 201539 303 1 04 201640 019 1 82 201740 223 0 51 201840 387 0 41 201940 699 0 77 202040 965 0 65 Mayor EditSince December 2006 Friedhelm Boginski FDP is the mayor of Eberswalde The former mayor Reinhard Schulz independent was unelected in July 2006 with 91 2 of the votes 5 Transport EditEberswalde has access to the federal highways Bundesstrasse B 2 and B 167 and the highway Autobahn A 11 E28 Eberswalde station is located on the Berlin Szczecin railway line that first connected Eberswalde and Berlin in 1842 It is the starting point of the railway lines to Templin and Frankfurt Oder and was terminus of the Eberswalde Finowfurter Eisenbahn EFE to Finowfurt until it was discontinued The town and its industrial areas are on the Oder Havel Canal and Finow Canal waterways The airfield Flugplatz Finow is a former Soviet Air Force base that was handed over to civil use on May 11 1993 The town had a tram service until 1940 when the trams were replaced by the trolleybuses Eberswalde is one of only three towns in Germany where trolleybuses are still in operation along with Solingen and Esslingen Economy Edit Bank Sparkasse Barnim While Eberswalde was renowned for its thriving heavy industry in the past since the fall of the wall it has fallen upon harder times As the East German government fell state support vanished and factories had to suddenly compete with more efficient firms in the West As a result many factories in Eberswalde went under and visitors can see the remnants of these abandoned plants across town Like many former East German towns Eberswalde has since struggled with unemployment and many have left the region in search of work elsewhere Consequently many of the huge Soviet Bloc style apartment complexes in Eberswalde most notably the Brandenburgisches Viertel are becoming empty and are slowly being razed Culture EditFestivals Edit Carnival Compared to other towns of the region Eberswalde has quite a huge Carnival society It was brought to Eberswalde from Bavaria and from the Rhineland both are standing for different Carnival traditions That s why Carnival is celebrated in two independent festivals at the same time they are called Karneval and Fasching Rock me MagdalenaRock me Magdalena is a rock concert in the Maria Magdalena church of Eberswalde taking place every December 25 Filmfest EberswaldeSince 2004 there is the annual Eberswalde Movie Festival for Independent Film and Documentaries Culinary traditions Edit There are some foods that are associated with Eberswalde The most important of them are Eberswalder Spritzkuchen a special pastry that was invented in Eberswalde in 1832 and Eberswalder Wurstchen sausages Language Edit The tongue spoken in the region of Eberswalde is often called Eberswalder Kanaldeutsch canal German It is not an independent German dialect but a very extreme mix of the Berlin Dialect and a bit of East Low German Other forms of Kanaldeutsch that are derived from the Eberswalde form nearly developed back to the Berlin Dialect That s why Eberswalder Kanaldeutsch is the only one that is in fact sometimes considered as an independent German dialect Gardens Edit The Forstbotanischer Garten Eberswalde is a historic botanical garden and arboretum Notable people Edit Robert Hartig forestry scientist Bernard Altum 1824 1900 zoologist Bernhard Danckelmann 1831 1901 forestry scientist Hans Jurgen Doscher born 1943 historian Hans Dresig born 1937 professor of technical mechanics Werner Forssmann 1904 1979 doctor Nobel Prize laureate Robert Hartig 1839 1901 forestry scientist Erwin Hagedorn 1952 1972 known as child murderer of Eberswalde Ralf Hauptmann born 1968 football player Candida Hofer born 1944 photographer Erich Lindemann 1894 1934 doctor and leading member of the Reichsbund Jewish Veterans and one of the victims of the so called Night of long knives Friedrich Mieth 1888 1944 General of Infantry Albrecht Milnik born 1931 forestry scientist Christiane Nord born 1943 translation scholar Wilhelm Pfeil 1783 1859 forestry scientist Julius Theodor Christian Ratzeburg 1801 1871 zoologist entomologist and forestry scientist Albert Richter 1909 2007 forestry scientist Rudolf Schmidt 1875 1943 city engineer Ursula Werner born 1943 actress Paul Wunderlich 1927 2010 painter and sculptor of the Fantastic Realism Eva Zeller born 1923 authorCoat of arms EditThe emblem shows a green oak tree and above the oak tree a red eagle Towards the oak s bole stand two black boars The flag of Eberswalde is a black white green tricolour with the crest in the middle Twin towns sister cities EditSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany Eberswalde is twinned with 6 Delmenhorst Germany Gorzow Wielkopolski Poland Herlev DenmarkGallery Edit Marketplace Town hall View onto the building of the county government Museum of the town with tourist infoSee also EditExperimental Radio Station EberswaldeReferences Edit Landkreis Barnim Wahl der Burgermeisterin des Burgermeisters accessed 10 November 2022 Bevolkerungsentwicklung und Flachen der kreisfreien Stadte Landkreise und Gemeinden im Land Brandenburg 2021 PDF Amt fur Statistik Berlin Brandenburg in German June 2022 Hitler admits defeat Detailed data sources are to be found in the Wikimedia Commons Population Projection Brandenburg at Wikimedia Commons Stadt Eberswalde Ergebnisse des Burgerentscheids am 16 Juli 2006 PDF 245 kB Amtsblatt fur die Stadt Eberswalde Partnerschaften eberswalde de in German Eberswalde Retrieved 2021 02 02 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eberswalde Official website in German https web archive org web 20070313195700 http www eberswalde biz http www eberswalde tv Eberswalde at Curlie Eberswalde Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed 1911 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Eberswalde amp oldid 1121155995, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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