Bromus rigidus is an annual grass growing 0.3–1 m (1 ft 0 in – 3 ft 3 in) tall. The culms, leaves, and panicle branches are all pubescent or harsh. The erect or ascending panicle has short branches that terminate in four to nine flowered spikelets. The reddish spikelets are 6–10 cm (2.4–3.9 in) long, including the awns measuring 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) long. The first glume has one nerve and the second has three. The lance-attenuate lemmas are unequal, with the lower having a long tooth on each side of the awn and the upper tapering to the beak. The scabrous lemmas are strongly ciliate. The anthers are approximately 1 mm (0.039 in) long.[1]
The common name "ripgut brome" refers to the heavy sclerotization of the species, creating a hazard to livestock. The seeds of the plant can penetrate the skin of livestock and the callus and awns can penetrate the mouth, eyes, and intestines of livestock.[2]
Bromus rigidus differs from the closely related Bromus diandrus in its shorter laminar hairs and more compact panicle with shorter spikelet branches. The elliptical abscission scars on rachillae and elongated lemma calluses of B. rigidus further distinguish the species from B. diandrus, with the latter possessing more short and circular scars and calluses. B. diandrus is susceptible to rust such as Puccinia bromoides whereas B. rigidus is unaffected.[3]
In Europe the grass occurs in the south and west, growing in weedy or disturbed areas, road verges, and ports.[2]
Referencesedit
^ abMerrit Lyndon Fernald (1970). R. C. Rollins (ed.). Gray's Manual of Botany (Eighth (Centennial) - Illustrated ed.). D. Van Nostrand Company. p. 103. ISBN0-442-22250-5.
^ abUmberto Quattrocchi (2006). CRC World Dictionary of Grasses: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. CRC Press. p. 388. ISBN9781420003222.
^Blacklow, W. M.; Kon, K. F. (1988). "Identification, distribution and population variability of great brome (Bromus diandrus Roth) and rigid brome (Bromus rigidus Roth)". Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 39 (6). CSIRO: 1039–1050. doi:10.1071/AR9881039.
External linksedit
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bromus, rigidus, ripgut, brome, grass, native, eurasia, naturalized, north, america, specific, epithet, rigidus, means, rigid, stiff, copenhagen, botanical, garden, scientific, classification, kingdom, plantae, clade, tracheophytes, clade, angiosperms, clade, . Bromus rigidus the ripgut brome is a grass native to Eurasia and naturalized in North America The specific epithet rigidus means rigid or stiff Bromus rigidus At the Copenhagen Botanical Garden Scientific classification Kingdom Plantae Clade Tracheophytes Clade Angiosperms Clade Monocots Clade Commelinids Order Poales Family Poaceae Subfamily Pooideae Genus Bromus Species B rigidus Binomial name Bromus rigidusRoth Contents 1 Description 2 Habitat and distribution 3 References 4 External linksDescription editBromus rigidus is an annual grass growing 0 3 1 m 1 ft 0 in 3 ft 3 in tall The culms leaves and panicle branches are all pubescent or harsh The erect or ascending panicle has short branches that terminate in four to nine flowered spikelets The reddish spikelets are 6 10 cm 2 4 3 9 in long including the awns measuring 3 4 cm 1 2 1 6 in long The first glume has one nerve and the second has three The lance attenuate lemmas are unequal with the lower having a long tooth on each side of the awn and the upper tapering to the beak The scabrous lemmas are strongly ciliate The anthers are approximately 1 mm 0 039 in long 1 The common name ripgut brome refers to the heavy sclerotization of the species creating a hazard to livestock The seeds of the plant can penetrate the skin of livestock and the callus and awns can penetrate the mouth eyes and intestines of livestock 2 Bromus rigidus differs from the closely related Bromus diandrus in its shorter laminar hairs and more compact panicle with shorter spikelet branches The elliptical abscission scars on rachillae and elongated lemma calluses of B rigidus further distinguish the species from B diandrus with the latter possessing more short and circular scars and calluses B diandrus is susceptible to rust such as Puccinia bromoides whereas B rigidus is unaffected 3 Habitat and distribution editBromus rigidus is common in waste places and rare near ports in the United States occurring around areas such as Maryland District of Columbia and north to Massachusetts 1 In Europe the grass occurs in the south and west growing in weedy or disturbed areas road verges and ports 2 References edit a b Merrit Lyndon Fernald 1970 R C Rollins ed Gray s Manual of Botany Eighth Centennial Illustrated ed D Van Nostrand Company p 103 ISBN 0 442 22250 5 a b Umberto Quattrocchi 2006 CRC World Dictionary of Grasses Common Names Scientific Names Eponyms Synonyms and Etymology CRC Press p 388 ISBN 9781420003222 Blacklow W M Kon K F 1988 Identification distribution and population variability of great brome Bromus diandrus Roth and rigid brome Bromus rigidus Roth Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 39 6 CSIRO 1039 1050 doi 10 1071 AR9881039 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bromus rigidus Bromus rigidus Plants for a Future Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bromus rigidus amp oldid 1100877410, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
