Anas is a genus of dabbling ducks. It includes the pintails, most teals, and the mallard and its close relatives. It formerly included additional species but following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study in 2009 the genus was split into four separate genera.[2] The genus now contains 31 living species. The name Anas is the Latin for "duck".
Anas
Female mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) with brood of young
The genusAnas was introduced by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae.[3][4]Anas is the Latin word for a duck.[5] The genus formerly included additional species. In 2009 a large molecular phylogenetic study was published that compared mitochondrial DNA sequences from ducks, geese and swans in the family Anatidae. The results confirmed some of the conclusions of earlier smaller studies and indicated that the genus as then defined was non-monophyletic.[2] Based on the results of this study, Anas was split into four proposed monophyletic genera with five species including the wigeons transferred to the resurrected genus Mareca, ten species including the shovelers and some teals transferred to the resurrected genus Spatula and the Baikal teal placed in the monotypic genus Sibirionetta.[6]
Speciesedit
There are 31 extant species recognised in the genus:[6]
eastern and southern sub-Saharan Africa from South Africa n north to South Sudan and Ethiopia with outlying populations in western equatorial Africa, in south east Nigeria, Cameroon and Gabon.
Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and many islands in the southwestern Pacific, reaching to the Caroline Islands in the north and French Polynesia in the east
Alaska to Mexico, the Hawaiian Islands, across Eurasia, from Iceland and southern Greenland and parts of Morocco (North Africa) in the west, Scandinavia and Britain to the north, and to Siberia, Japan, and South Korea, in the east, south-eastern and south-western Australia and New Zealand
†Anas strenuum (Late Pleistocene of Patteramordu, Australia) ("Nettion")
Several prehistoric waterfowl supposedly part of the Anas assemblage are nowadays not placed in this genus anymore, at least not with certainty:
†"Anas" basaltica (Late Oligocene of "Warnsdorf", Czech Republic) is apparently an indeterminate heron.[11]
†"Anas" blanchardi, "A." consobrina, "A." natator are now in Mionetta
†"Anas" creccoides (Early-mid Oligocene of Belgium), "A." risgoviensis (Late Miocene of Bavaria, Germany) and "A." skalicensis (Early Miocene of "Skalitz", Czech Republic), though possibly anseriform, cannot be placed with any certainty among modern birds at all.[11][12]
†"Anas" albae (Late Miocene of Polgárdi, Hungary), "A." eppelsheimensis (Early Pliocene of Eppelsheim, Germany),[8]"A." isarensis (Late Miocene of Aumeister, Germany) and "A." luederitzensis (Kalahari Early Miocene of Lüderitzbucht, Namibia) are apparently Anatidae of unclear affiliations; the first might be a seaduck.[11]
†"Anas" integra and "A." oligocaena are now in Dendrochen.
†"Anas" lignitifila from the Late Miocene of Tuscana has been moved to its own genus, Bambolinetta, being a highly unusual marine waterfowl.
†"Anas" robusta is now tentatively placed in Anserobranta.
†"Anas" velox (Middle – Late? Miocene of C Europe) and "A." meyerii (Middle Miocene of Öhningen, Germany; possibly the same species) do not seem to belong Anas, and they may be ancestral dabbling ducks.[11]
Highly problematic, albeit in a theoretical sense, is the placement of the moa-nalos. These may be descended from a common ancestor of dabbling ducks such as the Pacific black duck, Laysan duck, and mallard. Phylogenetically, they may even form a clade within the traditional genus Anas.[13] However, when compared to these species – which are representative of dabbling ducks in general – the moa-nalos are a radical departure from the Anseriforme bauplan. This illustrates that in a truly evolutionary sense, a strictly phylogenetic taxonomy may be difficult to apply.[citation needed]
^"Anatidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
^ abcGonzalez, J.; Düttmann, H.; Wink, M. (2009). "Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in Anatidae". Journal of Zoology. 279 (3): 310–318. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2009.00622.x.
^Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturæ per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Volume 1 (in Latin). Vol. 1 (10th ed.). Holmiae:Laurentii Salvii. p. 122.
^Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds. (1979). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 460.
^Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 46. ISBN978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ abGill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2017). "Screamers, ducks, geese & swans". World Bird List Version 7.3. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 24 July 2017.
^Bernor, R.L.; Kordos, L.; Rook, L. (PDF). Paleontographica Italiana. 89: 3–36. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-28.
^ abBrodkorb, Pierce (1958). "Birds From the Middle Pliocene of Mckay, Oregon". Condor. 60 (4): 252–255. doi:10.2307/1365194. JSTOR 1365194.
^Wilson, R. L. (1968). "Systematics and faunal analysis of a Lower Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from Trego County, Kansas". Contrib. Mus. Paleontol. Univ. Mich. 22 (7): 75–126.
^Emslie, Steven D. (1985). "A New Species of Teal From the Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) of Wyoming". Auk. 102 (1): 201–205. doi:10.2307/4086849. JSTOR 4086849.
^ abcdWorthy, T. H.; Tennyson, A. J. D.; Jones, C.; McNamara, J. A.; Douglas, B. J. (2007). "Miocene waterfowl and other birds from central Otago, New Zealand" (PDF). J. Syst. Palaeontol. 5 (1): 1–39. doi:10.1017/S1477201906001957. hdl:2440/43360. S2CID 85230857.
^Brodkorb, Pierce (1962). "The Systematic Position of Two Oligocene Birds From Belgium". Auk. 79 (4): 706–707. doi:10.2307/4082652. JSTOR 4082652.
^Sorenson, M. D.; Cooper, A.; Paxinos, E. E.; Quinn, T. W.; James, H. F.; Olson, S. L.; Fleischer, R. C. (1999). "Relationships of the extinct moa-nalos, flightless Hawaiian waterfowl, based on ancient DNA". Proceedings: Biological Sciences. 266 (1434): 2187–93. doi:10.1098/rspb.1999.0907. PMC1690346. PMID 10649633.
External linksedit
Media related to Anas at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Anas at Wikispecies
February 16, 2024
anas, other, uses, disambiguation, genus, dabbling, ducks, includes, pintails, most, teals, mallard, close, relatives, formerly, included, additional, species, following, publication, molecular, phylogenetic, study, 2009, genus, split, into, four, separate, ge. For other uses see Anas disambiguation Anas is a genus of dabbling ducks It includes the pintails most teals and the mallard and its close relatives It formerly included additional species but following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study in 2009 the genus was split into four separate genera 2 The genus now contains 31 living species The name Anas is the Latin for duck AnasFemale mallard Anas platyrhynchos with brood of youngScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder AnseriformesFamily AnatidaeTribe AnatiniGenus AnasLinnaeus 1758Type speciesAnas platyrhynchos 1 Linnaeus 1766Species31 extant see textSynonymsNettion Querquedula Punanetta Contents 1 Systematics 1 1 Species 1 2 Phylogeny 1 3 Fossil record 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksSystematics editThe genus Anas was introduced by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae 3 4 Anas is the Latin word for a duck 5 The genus formerly included additional species In 2009 a large molecular phylogenetic study was published that compared mitochondrial DNA sequences from ducks geese and swans in the family Anatidae The results confirmed some of the conclusions of earlier smaller studies and indicated that the genus as then defined was non monophyletic 2 Based on the results of this study Anas was split into four proposed monophyletic genera with five species including the wigeons transferred to the resurrected genus Mareca ten species including the shovelers and some teals transferred to the resurrected genus Spatula and the Baikal teal placed in the monotypic genus Sibirionetta 6 Species edit There are 31 extant species recognised in the genus 6 Image Common Name Scientific name Distribution nbsp African black duck Anas sparsa eastern and southern sub Saharan Africa from South Africa n north to South Sudan and Ethiopia with outlying populations in western equatorial Africa in south east Nigeria Cameroon and Gabon nbsp Yellow billed duck Anas undulata southern and eastern Africa nbsp Meller s duck Anas melleri eastern Madagascar nbsp Pacific black duck Anas superciliosa Indonesia New Guinea Australia New Zealand and many islands in the southwestern Pacific reaching to the Caroline Islands in the north and French Polynesia in the east nbsp Laysan duck Anas laysanensis Hawaiian Islands nbsp Hawaiian duck Anas wyvilliana Hawaiian islands nbsp Philippine duck Anas luzonica the Philippines nbsp Indian spot billed duck Anas poecilorhyncha Pakistan and India nbsp Eastern spot billed duck Anas zonorhyncha Southeast Asia nbsp Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Alaska to Mexico the Hawaiian Islands across Eurasia from Iceland and southern Greenland and parts of Morocco North Africa in the west Scandinavia and Britain to the north and to Siberia Japan and South Korea in the east south eastern and south western Australia and New Zealand nbsp Mottled duck Anas fulvigula Gulf of Mexico coast between Alabama and Tamaulipas Mexico and Florida nbsp American black duck Anas rubripes Saskatchewan to the Atlantic in Canada and the Great Lakes and the Adirondacks in the United States nbsp Mexican duck Anas diazi Mexico and the southern United States nbsp Cape teal Anas capensis sub Saharan Africa nbsp White cheeked pintail Anas bahamensis Caribbean South America and the Galapagos Islands nbsp Red billed teal Anas erythrorhyncha southern and eastern Africa nbsp Yellow billed pintail Anas georgica South America the Falkland Islands and South Georgia nbsp Eaton s pintail Anas eatoni island groups of Kerguelen and Crozet in the southern Indian Ocean nbsp Northern pintail Anas acuta Europe Asia and North America nbsp Eurasian teal Anas crecca northern Eurasia nbsp Green winged teal Anas carolinensis North America except on the Aleutian Islands nbsp Yellow billed teal Anas flavirostris Argentina the Falkland Islands Chile Peru Bolivia Uruguay and Brazil nbsp Andean teal Anas andium formerly included in A flavirostris Andean highlands of Colombia Venezuela and Ecuador nbsp Sunda teal Anas gibberifrons Indonesia nbsp Andaman teal Anas albogularis formerly included in A gibberifrons Andaman Islands India and Great Coco Island Burma nbsp Grey teal Anas gracilis Australia and New Zealand nbsp Chestnut teal Anas castanea Tasmania and southern Victoria New Guinea and Lord Howe Island nbsp Bernier s teal Anas bernieri Madagascar nbsp Brown teal Anas chlorotis New Zealand nbsp Auckland teal Anas aucklandica Auckland Islands south of New Zealand nbsp Campbell teal Anas nesiotis formerly included in A aucklandica New ZealandExtinct Species Mariana mallard Anas oustaleti Mascarene teal Anas theodori Chatham Island Duck Anas chathamicaFormerly placed in Anas Bronze winged duck Speculanas specularis Crested duck Lophonetta specularioides Baikal teal Sibirionetta formosa Salvadori s teal Salvadorina waigiuensis species in the genus Mareca the wigeons including the gadwall and the falcated duck species in the genus Spatula the shovelers and related tealsPhylogeny edit Cladogram based on the analysis of Gonzalez and colleagues published in 2009 2 Anas Auckland teal A aucklandica Brown teal A chlorotis Bernier s teal A bernieri Chestnut teal A castanea Sunda teal A gibberifrons Yellow billed teal A flavirostris Green winged teal A carolinensis Eurasian teal A crecca Northern pintail A acuta Yellow billed pintail A georgica Red billed teal A erythrorhyncha White cheeked pintail A bahamensis Cape teal A capensis Mexican duck A diazi American black duck A rubripes Mottled duck A fulvigula Mallard A platyrhynchos Indian spot billed duck A poecilorhyncha Philippine duck A luzonica Laysan duck A laysanensis Pacific black duck A superciliosa Meller s duck A melleri Yellow billed duck A undulata African black duck A sparsa Fossil record edit nbsp Anas blanchardi fossilA number of fossil species of Anas have been described Their relationships are often undetermined Anas sp Late Miocene of China Anas sp mid sized species from the Late Miocene of Rudabanya Hungary 7 Anas amotape Campbell 1979 Talara Tar Seeps Late Pleistocene of Peru Anas bunkeri Wetmore 1944 Early Middle Pliocene Early Pleistocene of WC USA Nettion red and green head clade 8 Anas cheuen Agnolin 2006 Early Middle Pleistocene of Argentina Dafila Anas elapsum Chinchilla Late Pleistocene of Condamine River Australia Nettion Anas ganii Late Pliocene Early Pleistocene of Tchichmiknaia Moldavia Anas gracilipes Late Pleistocene of Australia likely junior synonym of Anas castanea Anas greeni Brodkorb 1964 Ash Hollow Late Miocene Early Pliocene of South Dakota USA Nettion red and green head clade doubtful Anas itchtucknee McCoy 1963 Anas kisatibiensis Anser kisatibiensis Early Pliocene of Kisatibi Georgia Anas kurochkini Zelenkov amp Panteleyev 2015 Anas lambrechti Archaeoquerquedula lambrechti Stephens Querquedula lambrechti Archeoquerquedula Spillman 1942 Anas ogallalae Brodkorb 1962 Ogallala Late Miocene Early Pliocene of Kansas USA Nettion red and green head clade doubtful 9 Bermuda Islands flightless duck Anas pachyscelus Wetmore 1960 Shore Hills Late Pleistocene of Bermuda W Atlantic Anas pullulans Juntura Late Miocene Early Pliocene of Juntura Malheur County Oregon USA Punanetta Anas schneideri Emslie 1985 Late Pleistocene of Little Box Elder Cave USA 10 Anas sansaniensis Milne Edwards 1868 Dendrocygna sansaniensis Milne Edwards 1868 Mlikovsky 1988 Anas strenuum Late Pleistocene of Patteramordu Australia Nettion Several prehistoric waterfowl supposedly part of the Anas assemblage are nowadays not placed in this genus anymore at least not with certainty Anas basaltica Late Oligocene of Warnsdorf Czech Republic is apparently an indeterminate heron 11 Anas blanchardi A consobrina A natator are now in Mionetta Anas creccoides Early mid Oligocene of Belgium A risgoviensis Late Miocene of Bavaria Germany and A skalicensis Early Miocene of Skalitz Czech Republic though possibly anseriform cannot be placed with any certainty among modern birds at all 11 12 Anas albae Late Miocene of Polgardi Hungary A eppelsheimensis Early Pliocene of Eppelsheim Germany 8 A isarensis Late Miocene of Aumeister Germany and A luederitzensis Kalahari Early Miocene of Luderitzbucht Namibia are apparently Anatidae of unclear affiliations the first might be a seaduck 11 Anas integra and A oligocaena are now in Dendrochen Anas lignitifila from the Late Miocene of Tuscana has been moved to its own genus Bambolinetta being a highly unusual marine waterfowl Anas robusta is now tentatively placed in Anserobranta Anas velox Middle Late Miocene of C Europe and A meyerii Middle Miocene of Ohningen Germany possibly the same species do not seem to belong Anas and they may be ancestral dabbling ducks 11 Highly problematic albeit in a theoretical sense is the placement of the moa nalos These may be descended from a common ancestor of dabbling ducks such as the Pacific black duck Laysan duck and mallard Phylogenetically they may even form a clade within the traditional genus Anas 13 However when compared to these species which are representative of dabbling ducks in general the moa nalos are a radical departure from the Anseriforme bauplan This illustrates that in a truly evolutionary sense a strictly phylogenetic taxonomy may be difficult to apply citation needed See also editList of recently extinct birds Late Quaternary prehistoric birds List of fossil bird generaReferences edit Anatidae aviansystematics org The Trust for Avian Systematics Retrieved 2023 08 05 a b c Gonzalez J Duttmann H Wink M 2009 Phylogenetic relationships based on two mitochondrial genes and hybridization patterns in Anatidae Journal of Zoology 279 3 310 318 doi 10 1111 j 1469 7998 2009 00622 x Linnaeus C 1758 Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes ordines genera species cum characteribus differentiis synonymis locis Volume 1 in Latin Vol 1 10th ed Holmiae Laurentii Salvii p 122 Mayr Ernst Cottrell G William eds 1979 Check list of Birds of the World Vol 1 2nd ed Cambridge Massachusetts Museum of Comparative Zoology p 460 Jobling James A 2010 The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names London Christopher Helm p 46 ISBN 978 1 4081 2501 4 a b Gill Frank Donsker David eds 2017 Screamers ducks geese amp swans World Bird List Version 7 3 International Ornithologists Union Retrieved 24 July 2017 Bernor R L Kordos L Rook L Recent Advances on Multidisciplinary Research at Rudabanya Late Miocene MN9 Hungary A compendium PDF Paleontographica Italiana 89 3 36 Archived from the original PDF on 2007 06 28 a b Brodkorb Pierce 1958 Birds From the Middle Pliocene of Mckay Oregon Condor 60 4 252 255 doi 10 2307 1365194 JSTOR 1365194 Wilson R L 1968 Systematics and faunal analysis of a Lower Pliocene vertebrate assemblage from Trego County Kansas Contrib Mus Paleontol Univ Mich 22 7 75 126 Emslie Steven D 1985 A New Species of Teal From the Pleistocene Rancholabrean of Wyoming Auk 102 1 201 205 doi 10 2307 4086849 JSTOR 4086849 a b c d Worthy T H Tennyson A J D Jones C McNamara J A Douglas B J 2007 Miocene waterfowl and other birds from central Otago New Zealand PDF J Syst Palaeontol 5 1 1 39 doi 10 1017 S1477201906001957 hdl 2440 43360 S2CID 85230857 Brodkorb Pierce 1962 The Systematic Position of Two Oligocene Birds From Belgium Auk 79 4 706 707 doi 10 2307 4082652 JSTOR 4082652 Sorenson M D Cooper A Paxinos E E Quinn T W James H F Olson S L Fleischer R C 1999 Relationships of the extinct moa nalos flightless Hawaiian waterfowl based on ancient DNA Proceedings Biological Sciences 266 1434 2187 93 doi 10 1098 rspb 1999 0907 PMC 1690346 PMID 10649633 External links edit nbsp Media related to Anas at Wikimedia Commons nbsp Data related to Anas at Wikispecies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anas amp oldid 1201141698, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
