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Anēwan

January 21, 2023

The Anēwan, also written Anaiwan and Anaywan, are an Aboriginal Australian people whose traditional territory spans the Northern Tablelands in New South Wales. The Anēwan people are a subgroup of the Djangadi tribe.

Language

The Anēwan language, also known as Nganyaywana has been classified by Robert M. W. Dixon as belonging to the Djan-gadi/Nganjaywana subgroup of Central New South Wales, and was one of three varieties of the group, the other dialects being Himberrong and Inuwon.[1] For a long time Anēwan was regarded, like Mbabaram, as a linguistic isolate, ostensibly failing to fit into the known Australian patterns of language, since the material in word-lists taken down of its vocabulary appeared to lack cognates in contiguous languages such as Gamilaraay. The status of its seeming irregularity was solved in 1976 by Terry Crowley who showed that the differences were caused by initial consonant loss which, once accounted for, yielded up over 100 cognate terms between Anēwan and other languages and dialects of the region.[2][3] One of the peculiarities generated by this phenomenon of initial loss was that many homophones were created between originally distinct words, so that in Anēwan the word for goanna and bull ant became identical (janda).[3]

According to Norman Tindale, the Anēwan's traditional lands measured some 3,200 square miles (8,300 km2), spreading over the New England tableland from Moree, Guyra and Ben Lomond south to Uralla walcha and the Moonbi Range. Northwest their borders ran to Tingha, and encompassed also Bendemeer and Armidale.[4] Neighbouring tribes were the Baanbay to their east;[a] the Djangadi to the south-east, the Yugambal and Ngarabal to their north, and the Gamilaraay to the west.[5]

Social structure

The Anēwan consisted of several clans, one of which was the Himberrong horde. Their section names were:

  • Irong feminine Arkan
  • Arpong feminine Iran
  • Iyong feminine Patjang
  • Imbong feminine Irakena.

The Irong intermarried with the Iyong, and the Arpong with the Imbong.[6]

History

By the time R. H. Mathews began to record elements of the Anēwan language in 1903, remnants of the original tribe had been widely dispersed over New England.[7] Those who remained in Armidale lived on a site on the town fringes known as "The Dump", in humpies built close to the rubbish tip, which were devoid of the basic amenities of water, sewerage and electricity, and jerry-rigged by using hessian bags, corrugated sheet iron and cardboard boxes. In 1960, four children died and 11 were hospitalised from infections picked up in conditions that were called "appalling". The government then allocated funds to clean up the area and built cottages in fibro cement for its residents. Eventually, these were replaced by brick units in a settlement which the local Aboriginal community named Narwan.[8]

Some words

  • dunya (penis)[3]
  • gyaya (food)[2]
  • ilgaiwa (summer)[9]
  • jarrwanba (winter)[9]
  • mbunya (mbanyja) (kangaroo)[2][10]

Notable people

Notes

  1. ^ Hoddinott showed that the Baanbay language described as a spoken by a distinct group was simply a minor variant of Gumbaynggirr (Hoddinott 1967, pp. 56–60)

Citations

  1. ^ Dixon 2002, p. xxxiv.
  2. ^ a b c Dixon 1980, pp. 196–197.
  3. ^ a b c Reid 2009, p. 244.
  4. ^ Tindale 1974.
  5. ^ McDonald 1996, p. 181.
  6. ^ Radcliffe-Brown 1930, p. 234.
  7. ^ Mathews 1903, p. 251.
  8. ^ Woolmington 1991, pp. 25–37.
  9. ^ a b Reid 2009, p. 247.
  10. ^ Reid 2009, p. 253.

Sources

  • "AIATSIS map of Indigenous Australia". AIATSIS.
  • Crowley, Terry (1976). "Phonological change in New England". In Dixon, R. M. W. (ed.). Grammatical categories in Australian languages. Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. pp. 19–50. ISBN 978-0-855-75055-8.
  • Dixon, R. M. W. (1980). The Languages of Australia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-29450-8.
  • Dixon, R. M. W. (2002). Australian Languages: Their Nature and Development. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-47378-1.
  • Henderson, John (1851). Excursions and adventures inNew South Wales. W. Shoberl.
  • Hoddinott, W. G. (September 1967). "The BA:NBAI Language of Northern New South Wales". Oceania. 38 (1): 56–60. doi:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1967.tb00935.x. JSTOR 40329645.
  • Lynch, John (June 2005). "In Memoriam, Terry Crowley 1953-2005". Oceanic Linguistics. 44 (1): 223–241. doi:10.1353/ol.2005.0022. JSTOR 3623236. S2CID 143865935.
  • Mathews, R. H. (1903). "Languages of the New England Aborigines, NSW". Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society. 42: 249–263.
  • McDonald, Barry (1996). "Evidence of four New England corroboree songs indicating Aboriginal responses to European invasion". Aboriginal History. 20: 176–194. JSTOR 24046134.
  • Radcliffe-Brown, A. R. (July 1930). "The Social Organization of Australian Tribes. Part II". Oceania. 1 (2): 206–246. doi:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1930.tb01645.x. JSTOR 40327321.
  • Reid, Nicholas (2009) [First published 2002]. "Creating Aboriginal Placenames: Applied Philology in Armidale City" (PDF). In Hercus, Luise; Hodges, Flavia; Simpson, Jane (eds.). The Land is a Map: Placenames of Indigenous Origin in Australia. Australian National University. pp. 241–254. ISBN 978-1-921-53657-1.
  • Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Anaiwan (NSW)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University Press. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6.
  • Woolmington, Jo (1991). "The "Assimilation" years in a country town". Aboriginal History. 15 (1/2): 25–37. JSTOR 24046400.

January 21, 2023
anēwan, also, written, anaiwan, anaywan, aboriginal, australian, people, whose, traditional, territory, spans, northern, tablelands, south, wales, people, subgroup, djangadi, tribe, contents, language, social, structure, history, some, words, notable, people, . The Anewan also written Anaiwan and Anaywan are an Aboriginal Australian people whose traditional territory spans the Northern Tablelands in New South Wales The Anewan people are a subgroup of the Djangadi tribe Contents 1 Language 2 Social structure 3 History 4 Some words 5 Notable people 6 Notes 6 1 Citations 7 SourcesLanguage EditThe Anewan language also known as Nganyaywana has been classified by Robert M W Dixon as belonging to the Djan gadi Nganjaywana subgroup of Central New South Wales and was one of three varieties of the group the other dialects being Himberrong and Inuwon 1 For a long time Anewan was regarded like Mbabaram as a linguistic isolate ostensibly failing to fit into the known Australian patterns of language since the material in word lists taken down of its vocabulary appeared to lack cognates in contiguous languages such as Gamilaraay The status of its seeming irregularity was solved in 1976 by Terry Crowley who showed that the differences were caused by initial consonant loss which once accounted for yielded up over 100 cognate terms between Anewan and other languages and dialects of the region 2 3 One of the peculiarities generated by this phenomenon of initial loss was that many homophones were created between originally distinct words so that in Anewan the word for goanna and bull ant became identical janda 3 According to Norman Tindale the Anewan s traditional lands measured some 3 200 square miles 8 300 km2 spreading over the New England tableland from Moree Guyra and Ben Lomond south to Uralla walcha and the Moonbi Range Northwest their borders ran to Tingha and encompassed also Bendemeer and Armidale 4 Neighbouring tribes were the Baanbay to their east a the Djangadi to the south east the Yugambal and Ngarabal to their north and the Gamilaraay to the west 5 Social structure EditThe Anewan consisted of several clans one of which was the Himberrong horde Their section names were Irong feminine Arkan Arpong feminine Iran Iyong feminine Patjang Imbong feminine Irakena The Irong intermarried with the Iyong and the Arpong with the Imbong 6 History EditBy the time R H Mathews began to record elements of the Anewan language in 1903 remnants of the original tribe had been widely dispersed over New England 7 Those who remained in Armidale lived on a site on the town fringes known as The Dump in humpies built close to the rubbish tip which were devoid of the basic amenities of water sewerage and electricity and jerry rigged by using hessian bags corrugated sheet iron and cardboard boxes In 1960 four children died and 11 were hospitalised from infections picked up in conditions that were called appalling The government then allocated funds to clean up the area and built cottages in fibro cement for its residents Eventually these were replaced by brick units in a settlement which the local Aboriginal community named Narwan 8 Some words Editdunya penis 3 gyaya food 2 ilgaiwa summer 9 jarrwanba winter 9 mbunya mbanyja kangaroo 2 10 Notable people EditKyah Simon international soccer playerNotes Edit Hoddinott showed that the Baanbay language described as a spoken by a distinct group was simply a minor variant of Gumbaynggirr Hoddinott 1967 pp 56 60 Citations Edit Dixon 2002 p xxxiv a b c Dixon 1980 pp 196 197 a b c Reid 2009 p 244 Tindale 1974 McDonald 1996 p 181 Radcliffe Brown 1930 p 234 Mathews 1903 p 251 Woolmington 1991 pp 25 37 a b Reid 2009 p 247 Reid 2009 p 253 Sources Edit AIATSIS map of Indigenous Australia AIATSIS Crowley Terry 1976 Phonological change in New England In Dixon R M W ed Grammatical categories in Australian languages Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies pp 19 50 ISBN 978 0 855 75055 8 Dixon R M W 1980 The Languages of Australia Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 29450 8 Dixon R M W 2002 Australian Languages Their Nature and Development Vol 1 Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 47378 1 Henderson John 1851 Excursions and adventures inNew South Wales W Shoberl Hoddinott W G September 1967 The BA NBAI Language of Northern New South Wales Oceania 38 1 56 60 doi 10 1002 j 1834 4461 1967 tb00935 x JSTOR 40329645 Lynch John June 2005 In Memoriam Terry Crowley 1953 2005 Oceanic Linguistics 44 1 223 241 doi 10 1353 ol 2005 0022 JSTOR 3623236 S2CID 143865935 Mathews R H 1903 Languages of the New England Aborigines NSW Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 42 249 263 McDonald Barry 1996 Evidence of four New England corroboree songs indicating Aboriginal responses to European invasion Aboriginal History 20 176 194 JSTOR 24046134 Radcliffe Brown A R July 1930 The Social Organization of Australian Tribes Part II Oceania 1 2 206 246 doi 10 1002 j 1834 4461 1930 tb01645 x JSTOR 40327321 Reid Nicholas 2009 First published 2002 Creating Aboriginal Placenames Applied Philology in Armidale City PDF In Hercus Luise Hodges Flavia Simpson Jane eds The Land is a Map Placenames of Indigenous Origin in Australia Australian National University pp 241 254 ISBN 978 1 921 53657 1 Tindale Norman Barnett 1974 Anaiwan NSW Aboriginal Tribes of Australia Their Terrain Environmental Controls Distribution Limits and Proper Names Australian National University Press ISBN 978 0 708 10741 6 Woolmington Jo 1991 The Assimilation years in a country town Aboriginal History 15 1 2 25 37 JSTOR 24046400 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Anewan amp oldid 1057227178, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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