It is uncertain whether Parasitiformes and Acariformes are closely related, and in many analyses they are recovered more closely related to other arachnids.[3][12] Amongst the best known members of the group are the ticks, though the Mesostigmata is by far the most diverse group with over 8,000 described species, including economically important species such as the varroa mite.
Mesostigmata – a large order of predatory and parasitic mites
Opilioacarida – a small group of large, long-legged segmented mites.
Many species are parasitic (most famous of which are ticks), but not all. For example, about half of the 10,000 known species in the suborder Mesostigmata are predatory and cryptozoan, living in soil-litter, rotting wood, dung, carrion, nests or house dust. A few species have switched to grazing on fungi or ingesting spores or pollen. Phylogenetic relationships of the groups, after Klompen, 2010:[13]
The oldest known fossils of Parasitiformes, representing three out of the four modern groups, Ixodida, Mesostigmata, and Opilioacarida, are known from Cretaceous aged amber, dating to around 100 million years ago.[14][15][16] They are suspected to have diversified substantially earlier. The genetic divergence between the groups is less than that of Acariform mites, suggesting a younger origin, likely dating to the late Paleozoic.[17]
Referencesedit
^ ab Beaulieu, Frédéric (2011). Zhang, Zhi-Qiang (ed.). "Superorder Parasitiformes: In: Zhang, Z-Q. (ed.) Animal biodiversity: an outline of higher-level classification and survey of taxonomic richness". Zootaxa. 3148. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3148.1.23. ISBN978-1-86977-849-1. ISSN 1175-5326.
^ "Parasitiformes Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2021-10-31.
^ ab Arribas, Paula; Andújar, Carmelo; Moraza, María Lourdes; Linard, Benjamin; et al. (2019). "Mitochondrial Metagenomics Reveals the Ancient Origin and Phylodiversity of Soil Mites and Provides a Phylogeny of the Acari". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 37 (3): 683–694. doi:10.1093/molbev/msz255. hdl:10261/209118. PMID 31670799.
^ Castilho, Raphael de Campos; Moraes, Gilberto; Halliday, R. B. (2012). "Catalogue of the mite family Rhodacaridae Oudemans, with noyes on the classification of the Rhodacaroidea (Acari: Mesostigmata)". Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz. 3471. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3471.1.1.
^ Barker, S.C.; Murrell, A. (2004). "Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names". Parasitology. 129 (7): S15–S36. doi:10.1017/S0031182004005207. PMID 15938503. S2CID 38865837.
^Evolution of ticks. Klompen, J.S.; Black, W.C.; Keirans, J.E.; Oliver, J.H. Annual Review of Entomology, 1996, Vol.41, pp.141-61
^John F Anderson, The natural history of ticks, Medical Clinics of North America, Volume 86, Issue 2, March 2002, Pages 205-218
^Hans Klompen, Mariam Lekveishvili, William C. Black IV, Phylogeny of parasitiform mites (Acari) based on rRNA, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 43, Issue 3, June 2007, Pages 936-951
^Lindquist, E.E.; Walter, D.E.; Krantz, G.W. (2009) A manual of Acarology, 3 Edit. Lubbock: Texas Tech, pp. 97-103
^Schweizer, J. (1949). Die Landmilben des schweizerischen Nationalparks: Teil 1. Liestal: Lüdin.
^Giribet, Gonzalo (March 2018). "Current views on chelicerate phylogeny—A tribute to Peter Weygoldt". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 273: 7–13. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2018.01.004. S2CID 90344977.
^Klompen, H. (2010-06-30). "Holothyrids and ticks: new insights from larval morphology and DNA sequencing, with the description of a new species of Diplothyrus (Parasitiformes: Neothyridae)". Acarologia. 50 (2): 269–285. doi:10.1051/acarologia/20101970. ISSN 0044-586X. S2CID 55284869.
^Joharchi, Omid; Vorontsov, Dmitry D.; Walter, David Evans (2021-09-30). "Oldest determined record of a mesostigmatic mite (Acari: Mesostigmata: Sejidae) in Cretaceous Burmese amber". Acarologia. 61 (3): 641–649. doi:10.24349/goj5-BZms. S2CID 239420481.
^Jason A. Dunlop & Leopoldo Ferreira de Oliveira Bernardi (2014). "An opilioacarid mite in Cretaceous Burmese amber". Naturwissenschaften. 101 (9): 759–763. doi:10.1007/s00114-014-1212-0. PMID 25027588. S2CID 253637881.
^Peñalver E, Arillo A, Delclòs X, Peris D, Grimaldi DA, Anderson SR, et al. (December 2017). "Ticks parasitised feathered dinosaurs as revealed by Cretaceous amber assemblages". Nature Communications. 8 (1): 1924. Bibcode:2017NatCo...8.1924P. doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01550-z. PMC5727220. PMID 29233973.
^Arribas, Paula; Andújar, Carmelo; Moraza, María Lourdes; Linard, Benjamin; Emerson, Brent C; Vogler, Alfried P (2020-03-01). Teeling, Emma (ed.). "Mitochondrial Metagenomics Reveals the Ancient Origin and Phylodiversity of Soil Mites and Provides a Phylogeny of the Acari". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 37 (3): 683–694. doi:10.1093/molbev/msz255. hdl:10261/209118. ISSN 0737-4038. PMID 31670799.
This article about a mite or tick is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
parasitiformes, superorder, arachnids, constituting, major, groups, mites, alongside, acariformes, times, been, classified, rank, order, suborder, temporal, range, cretaceous, present, preꞒ, ixodes, hexagonus, tick, varroa, destructor, mesostigmata, scientific. Parasitiformes are a superorder of Arachnids constituting one of the two major groups of mites alongside Acariformes 1 2 3 4 5 Parasitiformes has at times been classified at the rank of order or suborder 6 7 8 9 10 11 ParasitiformesTemporal range Cretaceous present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N An Ixodes hexagonus tick Varroa destructor Mesostigmata Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Chelicerata Class Arachnida Superorder ParasitiformesLeach 1815 Orders and main families 1 Ixodida Argasidae soft ticks Ixodidae hard ticks Nuttalliellidae Deinocrotonidae Khimairidae Holothyrida Allothyridae Holothyridae Neothyridae Opilioacarida Opilioacaridae Mesostigmata over 130 families It is uncertain whether Parasitiformes and Acariformes are closely related and in many analyses they are recovered more closely related to other arachnids 3 12 Amongst the best known members of the group are the ticks though the Mesostigmata is by far the most diverse group with over 8 000 described species including economically important species such as the varroa mite Contents 1 Description 1 1 Taxonomy 1 2 Gallery 2 Evolutionary history 3 ReferencesDescription editTaxonomy edit Holothyrida small group of scavenging mites native to former Gondwana landmasses Ixodida ticks Mesostigmata a large order of predatory and parasitic mites Opilioacarida a small group of large long legged segmented mites Many species are parasitic most famous of which are ticks but not all For example about half of the 10 000 known species in the suborder Mesostigmata are predatory and cryptozoan living in soil litter rotting wood dung carrion nests or house dust A few species have switched to grazing on fungi or ingesting spores or pollen Phylogenetic relationships of the groups after Klompen 2010 13 Parasitiformes Opilioacarida Mesostigmata Holothyrida Ixodida The phytoseiid mites which account for about 15 of all described Mesostigmata are used with great success for biological control There are over 12 000 described species of Parasitiformes and the total estimate is between 100 000 and 200 000 species Gallery edit nbsp Ventral views of male left and female right of Diplothyrus lecorrei Holothyrida Neothyridae nbsp Specimen of Opilioacarus baeticus Opilioacarida nbsp Specimen of Dermanyssus Mesostigmata Dermanyssidae nbsp Specimen of Parasitellus Mesostigmata Parasitidae nbsp Specimen of Uroobovella Mesostigmata Urodinychidae nbsp Specimens of Nuttalliella Ixodida Nuttalliellidae Evolutionary history editThe oldest known fossils of Parasitiformes representing three out of the four modern groups Ixodida Mesostigmata and Opilioacarida are known from Cretaceous aged amber dating to around 100 million years ago 14 15 16 They are suspected to have diversified substantially earlier The genetic divergence between the groups is less than that of Acariform mites suggesting a younger origin likely dating to the late Paleozoic 17 References edit a b Beaulieu Frederic 2011 Zhang Zhi Qiang ed Superorder Parasitiformes In Zhang Z Q ed Animal biodiversity an outline of higher level classification and survey of taxonomic richness Zootaxa 3148 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 3148 1 23 ISBN 978 1 86977 849 1 ISSN 1175 5326 Parasitiformes Report Integrated Taxonomic Information System Retrieved 2021 10 31 a b Arribas Paula Andujar Carmelo Moraza Maria Lourdes Linard Benjamin et al 2019 Mitochondrial Metagenomics Reveals the Ancient Origin and Phylodiversity of Soil Mites and Provides a Phylogeny of the Acari Molecular Biology and Evolution 37 3 683 694 doi 10 1093 molbev msz255 hdl 10261 209118 PMID 31670799 Beron Petar ed 2020 Acarorum Catalogus VI Order Mesostigmata Pensoft doi 10 3897 ab e54206 ISBN 978 619 248 006 6 Castilho Raphael de Campos Moraes Gilberto Halliday R B 2012 Catalogue of the mite family Rhodacaridae Oudemans with noyes on the classification of the Rhodacaroidea Acari Mesostigmata Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz 3471 doi 10 11646 zootaxa 3471 1 1 Barker S C Murrell A 2004 Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names Parasitology 129 7 S15 S36 doi 10 1017 S0031182004005207 PMID 15938503 S2CID 38865837 Evolution of ticks Klompen J S Black W C Keirans J E Oliver J H Annual Review of Entomology 1996 Vol 41 pp 141 61 John F Anderson The natural history of ticks Medical Clinics of North America Volume 86 Issue 2 March 2002 Pages 205 218 Hans Klompen Mariam Lekveishvili William C Black IV Phylogeny of parasitiform mites Acari based on rRNA Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Volume 43 Issue 3 June 2007 Pages 936 951 Lindquist E E Walter D E Krantz G W 2009 A manual of Acarology 3 Edit Lubbock Texas Tech pp 97 103 Schweizer J 1949 Die Landmilben des schweizerischen Nationalparks Teil 1 Liestal Ludin Giribet Gonzalo March 2018 Current views on chelicerate phylogeny A tribute to Peter Weygoldt Zoologischer Anzeiger 273 7 13 doi 10 1016 j jcz 2018 01 004 S2CID 90344977 Klompen H 2010 06 30 Holothyrids and ticks new insights from larval morphology and DNA sequencing with the description of a new species of Diplothyrus Parasitiformes Neothyridae Acarologia 50 2 269 285 doi 10 1051 acarologia 20101970 ISSN 0044 586X S2CID 55284869 Joharchi Omid Vorontsov Dmitry D Walter David Evans 2021 09 30 Oldest determined record of a mesostigmatic mite Acari Mesostigmata Sejidae in Cretaceous Burmese amber Acarologia 61 3 641 649 doi 10 24349 goj5 BZms S2CID 239420481 Jason A Dunlop amp Leopoldo Ferreira de Oliveira Bernardi 2014 An opilioacarid mite in Cretaceous Burmese amber Naturwissenschaften 101 9 759 763 doi 10 1007 s00114 014 1212 0 PMID 25027588 S2CID 253637881 Penalver E Arillo A Delclos X Peris D Grimaldi DA Anderson SR et al December 2017 Ticks parasitised feathered dinosaurs as revealed by Cretaceous amber assemblages Nature Communications 8 1 1924 Bibcode 2017NatCo 8 1924P doi 10 1038 s41467 017 01550 z PMC 5727220 PMID 29233973 Arribas Paula Andujar Carmelo Moraza Maria Lourdes Linard Benjamin Emerson Brent C Vogler Alfried P 2020 03 01 Teeling Emma ed Mitochondrial Metagenomics Reveals the Ancient Origin and Phylodiversity of Soil Mites and Provides a Phylogeny of the Acari Molecular Biology and Evolution 37 3 683 694 doi 10 1093 molbev msz255 hdl 10261 209118 ISSN 0737 4038 PMID 31670799 nbsp This article about a mite or tick is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Parasitiformes amp oldid 1193138060, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
