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Rolls-Royce AE 2100

May 01, 2023

The Rolls-Royce AE 2100 is a turboprop developed by Allison Engine Company, now part of Rolls-Royce North America. The engine was originally known as the GMA 2100, when Allison was a division of former corporate parent General Motors.

AE 2100
The Rolls-Royce AE 2100 D2A on a C-27J
Type Turboprop
National origin United States
Manufacturer Allison Engine Company
Rolls-Royce plc
Major applications Alenia C-27J Spartan
Lockheed Martin C-130J Hercules
Saab 2000
ShinMaywa US-2
Number built 2,300+[1]
Developed from Rolls-Royce T406

Development

On July 11, 1989, Saab-Scania A.B. selected the GMA 2100 to power its new Saab 2000, a 50-seat stretch of the Saab 340 turboprop, in a USD$500 million dollar deal.[2] In July 1990, Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara (IPTN) of Indonesia picked the GMA 2100 as the engine for the twin-engine N-250 regional airliner.[3] Flight testing with a 13 ft 6 in diameter (4.11 m) Dowty R373 propeller on a Lockheed P-3 Orion testbed aircraft began on August 23, 1990 and finished after over 50 hours of flight and ground testing.[4]

The GMA 2100D3 became the powerplant for the Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules. It made its first test flight on March 19, 1994,[5] which was conducted by Marshall Aerospace on a Lockheed C-130K Hercules testbed leased from the Royal Air Force. Testing ended in June 1994 after 47 flight hours.[6] The engine powered the initial flight of the C-130J aircraft on April 5, 1996.[7] By April 1997, the D3 variant had received Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) type certification.[8] 2,000 of the D3 variants have been delivered as of 2018.[9]

The engine's C variant was certified on December 20, 1993.[10] It powered the N-250 prototype's first flight on August 10, 1995,[11] but the N-250 aircraft program was postponed indefinitely in the late 1990s due to the Asian financial crisis.[12]

In June 1997, the AE 2100 was selected by Lockheed Martin and Alenia to power the C-27J Spartan tactical airlifter.[13] In October 2015, Alenia announced plans to use a 5,100-horsepower (3,800-kilowatt) uprated version of the AE 2100 as the baseline engine by 2017.[14]

Design

 
C-130J Hercules with six-bladed props

A derivative of the Allison AE 1107C-Liberty (Rolls-Royce T406) turboshaft engine, the AE 2100 shares the same high-pressure core as that engine, as does the Rolls-Royce AE 3007 turbofan. This core is capable of powering turboprops of up to 10,000 shp (7,500 kW).[15] The AE 2100 is a two-shaft design,[16]: 83–84  and it was the first[when?] to use dual FADECs (full authority digital engine control) to control both engine and propeller,[17] allowing both to be adjusted with a single lever.[16]: 83–84  There are four production variants of the engine: the civil AE 2100A, and the military variants which include the AE 2100D2/D2A, AE 2100D3, AE 2100J and AE 2100P.

The AE 2100 inherited the Allison T56's 14-stage axial compressor design, but the inlet and the stator for the first five stages have variable blades. The annular combustor has 16 air-blast fuel injection nozzles. The turbine that drives the compressor has two stages, with the first stage using single-crystal blades. A free power turbine with two stages drives the propeller through an inner shaft and a gearbox.[16]: 83–84  The engine has replaceable steel blades and vanes, which are more reliable but heavier than titanium.[15]

The AE 2100 engine and gearbox are rated at 6,000 shaft horsepower (4,500 kilowatts), but was derated to 4,200, 4,590, and 3,600 shp (3,130, 3,420, and 2,680 kW) for the Saab 2000, Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules, and IPTN N-250, respectively.[18] The engine uses six-bladed, all-composite blade Dowty propellers, including the model R381 on the Saab 2000, R414 on the ShinMaywa US-2,[17] R384 on the IPTN N-250,[19] and R391 on the C-130J military transport[20] and the LM-100J civil-certified version of the C-130J.[21] The gearbox has a reduction ratio of about 14 and a mean time before unscheduled removal (MTBUR) of over 35,000 hours.[22]

Variants and applications

AE 2100A
AE 2100C
AE 2100D2A
AE 2100D3
AE 2100F
A variant proposed in 1995 and paired with Dowty R394 propellers to retrofit the Allison T56-powered Lockheed C-130 models E through H and Lockheed L-100-30, at a price after engine/propeller trade-in of USD$11 million per aircraft.[23]
AE 2100G
A variant offered in 1994 for the proposed ATR 82, a twin-turboprop airliner seating up to 86 passengers and requiring about 5,000 hp (3,700 kW) of power.[24]
AE 2100H
A variant offered in 1996 for Dassault Aviation's proposed Atlantic Third Generation (ATL3G) maritime patrol aircraft (MPA).[25]
AE 2100J
A hybrid of the AE 2100A and AE 2100D3, sporting the torque-meter and interconnecting struts from the AE 2100A and the gearbox-mounted accessory gearbox from the AE 2100D3; also uses a stronger reduction gearbox, a Dowty six-bladed propeller for higher loads, and modified inlet and bypass section positioning to mitigate seawater ingestion;[26] powers the ShinMaywa US-2.
AE 2100P
AE 2100SD-7
A variant proposed in 1994 for the European Future Large Aircraft[27] (which eventually became the Airbus A400M), with the required power increase from 6,000 to 10,000 shp (4,500 to 7,500 kW) estimated to cost USD$600 million.[28]

Specifications (AE 2100D3)

 
The AE 2100D3 engines of a US Air Force C-130J Hercules ready for inspection at Ramstein Air Base, Germany
 
A side view of the AE 2100J engine without its casing, on display at Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni in 2019

Data from FAA type certificate data sheet no. TE1CH.[29]

General characteristics

Components

Performance

See also

Related development

Comparable engines

Related lists

References

  1. ^ "Rolls-Royce reaches services contract with USAF for C-130J Fleet" (Press release). 20 September 2017 – via ASDNews.
  2. ^ "G.M. engines for Saab plane". New York Times. Reuters. 12 July 1989. p. D4. ISSN 0362-4331. Gale A175743161.
  3. ^ "Allison wins regional powerplant battle". Flight International. Vol. 138, no. 4225. 18 July 1990. pp. 18+. ISSN 0015-3710. Gale A9247977.
  4. ^ "P3 flight test" (PDF). The Dowty Aerospace Gloucester Newsletter. No. 18. February 1991. p. 7.
  5. ^ United States House Committee on Appropriations (1994). Department of Defense appropriations for 1995, part 3 (Report). p. 491. hdl:2027/uc1.31210014044646. ISBN 0-16-045949-4. OCLC 1097431953.
  6. ^ Warwick, Graham (31 August 1994). "Hercules renewed". Flight International. Vol. 146, no. 4436. pp. 130+. ISSN 0015-3710. Gale A16074135.
  7. ^ "Lockheed Martin makes delayed C-130J first flight". Flight International. 16 April 1996. ISSN 0015-3710.
  8. ^ "C-130J engine receives FAA certification". Defense Daily. Vol. 195. 10 April 1997. p. 63. ISSN 0889-0404. Gale A19305553.
  9. ^ "Rolls-Royce delivers 2,000th AE 2100D3 engine for USAF C-130J". Rolls-Royce Holdings plc (Press release). 22 February 2018. Retrieved 3 June 2022.
  10. ^ "Allison AE 2100C certified for IPTN N-250". Commuter Regional Airline News. 21 February 1994. ISSN 1040-5402. Gale A14848632.
  11. ^ Lewis, Paul (15 August 1995). "IPTN wins approval as N-250 flies". Flight International. Bandung, Indonesia. ISSN 0015-3710.
  12. ^ Polek, Gregory (26 November 2007). "New regional airplanes: Fresh designs promise answer to evolving market demands". Aviation International News. Vol. 33, no. 18 (published October 2001). pp. R10–R14. ISSN 0887-9877.
    • Polek, Gregory (October 2001). "New Regional Airplanes". Aviation International News.
  13. ^ Caires, Greg (20 June 1997). "Allison wins C-27J engine competition". Defense Daily. Vol. 195. p. 499. ISSN 0889-0404. Gale A19524835.
  14. ^ Perry, Dominic (19 October 2015). "Alenia Aermacchi outlines performance boost for C-27J". FlightGlobal.
  15. ^ a b Premo, David J. (November 1991). "Allison flies solo into the new commuter aircraft market". Commuter Air International. Vol. 13, no. 11. pp. 19+. ISSN 0199-2686. Gale A11594215.
  16. ^ a b c d Coniglio, Sergio (February 2010). "Military aircraft propulsion: Jets vs. props". Military Technology (MILTECH). Vol. 34, no. 2. Mönch Publishing Group. pp. 77–84. ISSN 0722-3226. OCLC 527912380.
  17. ^ a b "From Rotol Airscrews to Dowty Propellers: 80 years of aviation propulsion excellence". Dowty Propellers. 21 December 2017. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  18. ^ Sweetman, Bill (October 1994). "New power for regionals". Finance, markets & industry. Interavia. Vol. 49, no. 583. Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A. pp. 16–18. ISSN 1423-3215. OCLC 199793280. Gale A16444328.
  19. ^ "IPTN rolls out with 188 orders; Gulfstream Air signs LOI for 4". Commuter Regional Airline News. Vol. 12, no. 45. 14 November 1994. p. 3. ISSN 1040-5402. Gale A15885142.
  20. ^ Doyle, Andrew; Norris, Guy (28 August 1996). "Developing power". Flight International. Vol. 150, no. 4538. pp. 113+. ISSN 0015-3710.
  21. ^ Broge, Jean L. (21 April 2016). "Lockheed Martin LM-100J starts taking (a similar) shape". Aerospace & Defense Technology. ISSN 2472-2081.
  22. ^ Woolley, David (November 1991). "Powering up the next generation of turboprop aircraft". Commuter Air International. Vol. 13, no. 11. pp. 12+. ISSN 0199-2686. Gale A11594213.
  23. ^ Staats, Alan (12 December 1995). "Falcon to begin C-130 re-engine programme". Flight International. Phoenix, Arizona, U.S.A.
  24. ^ Burgner, Norbert (June 1994). France-Italian ATR consortium plans two new aircraft models. West Europe: Corporate Strategies. Science & Technology: Europe/International (Report). JPRS Report. Vol. JPRS-EST-94-017. Translated by Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) (published 28 July 1994). Flug Revue. pp. 30–31. hdl:2027/nyp.33433016823886.
  25. ^ "Dassault aims Atlantic at European MPA tenders". Flight International. 21 May 1996. ISSN 0015-3710.
  26. ^ Lewis, Paul (20 August 1997). "Allison plans to build new hybrid AE2100 for Japan's amphibian". Flight International. Singapore. p. 22. ISSN 0015-3710.
  27. ^ Casamayou, Jean-Pierre (30 May – 5 June 1994). France: Proposed engine for FLA would use SNECMA M88 core. West Europe: Aerospace. Science & Technology: Europe/International (Report). JPRS Report. Vol. JPRS-EST-94-014-L. Translated by Foreign Broadcast Information Service (FBIS) (published 8 July 1994). Air & Cosmos/Aviation International. pp. 6–7. hdl:2027/nyp.33433016823886.
  28. ^ "FLA finds a new home". Finance, markets & industry: Business watch. Interavia. Vol. 49, no. 583. October 1994. p. 14. ISSN 1423-3215. Gale A16444326.
  29. ^ Rolls-Royce Corporation (29 December 2017). Type certificate data sheet no. TE1CH (PDF) (Report) (32nd ed.). Department of Transportation (DOT) Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).
  30. ^ National Research Council (2007). Improving the efficiency of engines for large nonfighter aircraft. National Academies Press. pp. 29–33. doi:10.17226/11837. ISBN 978-0-309-10399-2. OCLC 934667552.
  31. ^ Kaiser, Sascha; Donnerhack, Stefan; Lundbladh, Anders; Seitz, Arne (27–29 July 2015). "A composite cycle engine concept with hecto-pressure ratio". 51st AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference. AIAA/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference (51st ed.). doi:10.2514/6.2015-4028. ISBN 978-1-62410-321-6.

Bibliography

  • Leyes II, Richard A.; William A. Fleming (1999). The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. ISBN 1-56347-332-1. OCLC 247550535.
  • Moxon, Julian; Winn, Allan; Elliott, Simon; Barrie, Douglas (11 December 1991). "Quiet revolution". Flight International. Vol. 140, no. 4297. pp. S10+. ISSN 0015-3710. Gale A11714309.
  • Kandebo, Stanley W. (19 February 1990). "Allison plans flight tests of turboprop GMA 2100". Cover story. Aviation Week & Space Technology. Vol. 132, no. 8. pp. 36–38. ISSN 0005-2175.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rolls-Royce AE 2100.
  • AE 2100 product page at rolls-royce.com

May 01, 2023
rolls, royce, 2100, turboprop, developed, allison, engine, company, part, rolls, royce, north, america, engine, originally, known, 2100, when, allison, division, former, corporate, parent, general, motors, 2100the, 27jtype, turbopropnational, origin, united, s. The Rolls Royce AE 2100 is a turboprop developed by Allison Engine Company now part of Rolls Royce North America The engine was originally known as the GMA 2100 when Allison was a division of former corporate parent General Motors AE 2100The Rolls Royce AE 2100 D2A on a C 27JType TurbopropNational origin United StatesManufacturer Allison Engine Company Rolls Royce plcMajor applications Alenia C 27J Spartan Lockheed Martin C 130J Hercules Saab 2000 ShinMaywa US 2Number built 2 300 1 Developed from Rolls Royce T406 Contents 1 Development 2 Design 3 Variants and applications 4 Specifications AE 2100D3 4 1 General characteristics 4 2 Components 4 3 Performance 5 See also 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External linksDevelopment EditOn July 11 1989 Saab Scania A B selected the GMA 2100 to power its new Saab 2000 a 50 seat stretch of the Saab 340 turboprop in a USD 500 million dollar deal 2 In July 1990 Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara IPTN of Indonesia picked the GMA 2100 as the engine for the twin engine N 250 regional airliner 3 Flight testing with a 13 ft 6 in diameter 4 11 m Dowty R373 propeller on a Lockheed P 3 Orion testbed aircraft began on August 23 1990 and finished after over 50 hours of flight and ground testing 4 The GMA 2100D3 became the powerplant for the Lockheed Martin C 130J Super Hercules It made its first test flight on March 19 1994 5 which was conducted by Marshall Aerospace on a Lockheed C 130K Hercules testbed leased from the Royal Air Force Testing ended in June 1994 after 47 flight hours 6 The engine powered the initial flight of the C 130J aircraft on April 5 1996 7 By April 1997 the D3 variant had received Federal Aviation Administration FAA type certification 8 2 000 of the D3 variants have been delivered as of 2018 9 The engine s C variant was certified on December 20 1993 10 It powered the N 250 prototype s first flight on August 10 1995 11 but the N 250 aircraft program was postponed indefinitely in the late 1990s due to the Asian financial crisis 12 In June 1997 the AE 2100 was selected by Lockheed Martin and Alenia to power the C 27J Spartan tactical airlifter 13 In October 2015 Alenia announced plans to use a 5 100 horsepower 3 800 kilowatt uprated version of the AE 2100 as the baseline engine by 2017 14 Design Edit C 130J Hercules with six bladed props A derivative of the Allison AE 1107C Liberty Rolls Royce T406 turboshaft engine the AE 2100 shares the same high pressure core as that engine as does the Rolls Royce AE 3007 turbofan This core is capable of powering turboprops of up to 10 000 shp 7 500 kW 15 The AE 2100 is a two shaft design 16 83 84 and it was the first when to use dual FADECs full authority digital engine control to control both engine and propeller 17 allowing both to be adjusted with a single lever 16 83 84 There are four production variants of the engine the civil AE 2100A and the military variants which include the AE 2100D2 D2A AE 2100D3 AE 2100J and AE 2100P The AE 2100 inherited the Allison T56 s 14 stage axial compressor design but the inlet and the stator for the first five stages have variable blades The annular combustor has 16 air blast fuel injection nozzles The turbine that drives the compressor has two stages with the first stage using single crystal blades A free power turbine with two stages drives the propeller through an inner shaft and a gearbox 16 83 84 The engine has replaceable steel blades and vanes which are more reliable but heavier than titanium 15 The AE 2100 engine and gearbox are rated at 6 000 shaft horsepower 4 500 kilowatts but was derated to 4 200 4 590 and 3 600 shp 3 130 3 420 and 2 680 kW for the Saab 2000 Lockheed Martin C 130J Super Hercules and IPTN N 250 respectively 18 The engine uses six bladed all composite blade Dowty propellers including the model R381 on the Saab 2000 R414 on the ShinMaywa US 2 17 R384 on the IPTN N 250 19 and R391 on the C 130J military transport 20 and the LM 100J civil certified version of the C 130J 21 The gearbox has a reduction ratio of about 14 and a mean time before unscheduled removal MTBUR of over 35 000 hours 22 Variants and applications EditAE 2100ALockheed P 3 Orion testbed Saab 2000AE 2100CIPTN N 250 prototype only AE 2100D2AAlenia C 27J SpartanAE 2100D3Lockheed C 130K Hercules testbed Lockheed Martin C 130J Super Hercules Lockheed Martin LM 100JAE 2100F A variant proposed in 1995 and paired with Dowty R394 propellers to retrofit the Allison T56 powered Lockheed C 130 models E through H and Lockheed L 100 30 at a price after engine propeller trade in of USD 11 million per aircraft 23 AE 2100G A variant offered in 1994 for the proposed ATR 82 a twin turboprop airliner seating up to 86 passengers and requiring about 5 000 hp 3 700 kW of power 24 AE 2100H A variant offered in 1996 for Dassault Aviation s proposed Atlantic Third Generation ATL3G maritime patrol aircraft MPA 25 AE 2100J A hybrid of the AE 2100A and AE 2100D3 sporting the torque meter and interconnecting struts from the AE 2100A and the gearbox mounted accessory gearbox from the AE 2100D3 also uses a stronger reduction gearbox a Dowty six bladed propeller for higher loads and modified inlet and bypass section positioning to mitigate seawater ingestion 26 powers the ShinMaywa US 2 AE 2100PSaab 2000 AEW amp CAE 2100SD 7 A variant proposed in 1994 for the European Future Large Aircraft 27 which eventually became the Airbus A400M with the required power increase from 6 000 to 10 000 shp 4 500 to 7 500 kW estimated to cost USD 600 million 28 Specifications AE 2100D3 Edit The AE 2100D3 engines of a US Air Force C 130J Hercules ready for inspection at Ramstein Air Base Germany A side view of the AE 2100J engine without its casing on display at Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni in 2019 Data from FAA type certificate data sheet no TE1CH 29 General characteristics Type Free turbine turboprop engine Length 124 12 in 315 3 cm Diameter 28 71 in 72 9 cm Dry weight 1 740 lb 790 kg Components Compressor 14 stage axial Combustors Annular Turbine 2 stage HP 2 stage PTPerformance Maximum power output 4 637 shp 3 458 kW Overall pressure ratio 16 6 1 Air mass flow 36 lb s 16 3 kg s 16 83 84 Specific fuel consumption Takeoff 0 460 lb hp h 0 209 kg hp h 0 280 kg kWh 30 Power to weight ratio 2 76 shp lb 4 54 kW kg 31 See also Edit Aviation portalRelated development Allison T56 Rolls Royce AE 3007 Rolls Royce T406Comparable engines General Electric GE38 Pratt amp Whitney Canada PW150Related lists List of aircraft enginesReferences Edit Rolls Royce reaches services contract with USAF for C 130J Fleet Press release 20 September 2017 via ASDNews G M engines for Saab plane New York Times Reuters 12 July 1989 p D4 ISSN 0362 4331 Gale A175743161 Allison wins regional powerplant battle Flight International Vol 138 no 4225 18 July 1990 pp 18 ISSN 0015 3710 Gale A9247977 P3 flight test PDF The Dowty Aerospace Gloucester Newsletter No 18 February 1991 p 7 United States House Committee on Appropriations 1994 Department of Defense appropriations for 1995 part 3 Report p 491 hdl 2027 uc1 31210014044646 ISBN 0 16 045949 4 OCLC 1097431953 Warwick Graham 31 August 1994 Hercules renewed Flight International Vol 146 no 4436 pp 130 ISSN 0015 3710 Gale A16074135 Lockheed Martin makes delayed C 130J first flight Flight International 16 April 1996 ISSN 0015 3710 C 130J engine receives FAA certification Defense Daily Vol 195 10 April 1997 p 63 ISSN 0889 0404 Gale A19305553 Rolls Royce delivers 2 000th AE 2100D3 engine for USAF C 130J Rolls Royce Holdings plc Press release 22 February 2018 Retrieved 3 June 2022 Allison AE 2100C certified for IPTN N 250 Commuter Regional Airline News 21 February 1994 ISSN 1040 5402 Gale A14848632 Lewis Paul 15 August 1995 IPTN wins approval as N 250 flies Flight International Bandung Indonesia ISSN 0015 3710 Polek Gregory 26 November 2007 New regional airplanes Fresh designs promise answer to evolving market demands Aviation International News Vol 33 no 18 published October 2001 pp R10 R14 ISSN 0887 9877 Polek Gregory October 2001 New Regional Airplanes Aviation International News Caires Greg 20 June 1997 Allison wins C 27J engine competition Defense Daily Vol 195 p 499 ISSN 0889 0404 Gale A19524835 Perry Dominic 19 October 2015 Alenia Aermacchi outlines performance boost for C 27J FlightGlobal a b Premo David J November 1991 Allison flies solo into the new commuter aircraft market Commuter Air International Vol 13 no 11 pp 19 ISSN 0199 2686 Gale A11594215 a b c d Coniglio Sergio February 2010 Military aircraft propulsion Jets vs props Military Technology MILTECH Vol 34 no 2 Monch Publishing Group pp 77 84 ISSN 0722 3226 OCLC 527912380 a b From Rotol Airscrews to Dowty Propellers 80 years of aviation propulsion excellence Dowty Propellers 21 December 2017 Retrieved 30 July 2020 Sweetman Bill October 1994 New power for regionals Finance markets amp industry Interavia Vol 49 no 583 Minneapolis Minnesota U S A pp 16 18 ISSN 1423 3215 OCLC 199793280 Gale A16444328 IPTN rolls out with 188 orders Gulfstream Air signs LOI for 4 Commuter Regional Airline News Vol 12 no 45 14 November 1994 p 3 ISSN 1040 5402 Gale A15885142 Doyle Andrew Norris Guy 28 August 1996 Developing power Flight International Vol 150 no 4538 pp 113 ISSN 0015 3710 Broge Jean L 21 April 2016 Lockheed Martin LM 100J starts taking a similar shape Aerospace amp Defense Technology ISSN 2472 2081 Woolley David November 1991 Powering up the next generation of turboprop aircraft Commuter Air International Vol 13 no 11 pp 12 ISSN 0199 2686 Gale A11594213 Staats Alan 12 December 1995 Falcon to begin C 130 re engine programme Flight International Phoenix Arizona U S A Burgner Norbert June 1994 France Italian ATR consortium plans two new aircraft models West Europe Corporate Strategies Science amp Technology Europe International Report JPRS Report Vol JPRS EST 94 017 Translated by Foreign Broadcast Information Service FBIS published 28 July 1994 Flug Revue pp 30 31 hdl 2027 nyp 33433016823886 Dassault aims Atlantic at European MPA tenders Flight International 21 May 1996 ISSN 0015 3710 Lewis Paul 20 August 1997 Allison plans to build new hybrid AE2100 for Japan s amphibian Flight International Singapore p 22 ISSN 0015 3710 Casamayou Jean Pierre 30 May 5 June 1994 France Proposed engine for FLA would use SNECMA M88 core West Europe Aerospace Science amp Technology Europe International Report JPRS Report Vol JPRS EST 94 014 L Translated by Foreign Broadcast Information Service FBIS published 8 July 1994 Air amp Cosmos Aviation International pp 6 7 hdl 2027 nyp 33433016823886 FLA finds a new home Finance markets amp industry Business watch Interavia Vol 49 no 583 October 1994 p 14 ISSN 1423 3215 Gale A16444326 Rolls Royce Corporation 29 December 2017 Type certificate data sheet no TE1CH PDF Report 32nd ed Department of Transportation DOT Federal Aviation Administration FAA National Research Council 2007 Improving the efficiency of engines for large nonfighter aircraft National Academies Press pp 29 33 doi 10 17226 11837 ISBN 978 0 309 10399 2 OCLC 934667552 Kaiser Sascha Donnerhack Stefan Lundbladh Anders Seitz Arne 27 29 July 2015 A composite cycle engine concept with hecto pressure ratio 51st AIAA SAE ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference AIAA SAE ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference 51st ed doi 10 2514 6 2015 4028 ISBN 978 1 62410 321 6 Bibliography EditLeyes II Richard A William A Fleming 1999 The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines Washington DC Smithsonian Institution ISBN 1 56347 332 1 OCLC 247550535 Moxon Julian Winn Allan Elliott Simon Barrie Douglas 11 December 1991 Quiet revolution Flight International Vol 140 no 4297 pp S10 ISSN 0015 3710 Gale A11714309 Kandebo Stanley W 19 February 1990 Allison plans flight tests of turboprop GMA 2100 Cover story Aviation Week amp Space Technology Vol 132 no 8 pp 36 38 ISSN 0005 2175 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rolls Royce AE 2100 AE 2100 product page at rolls royce com Rolls royce com Lockheed Martin C 130J specification booklet Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rolls Royce AE 2100 amp oldid 1141532149, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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