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81st Regiment of Foot (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers)

May 02, 2024

For other units with the same regimental number, see 81st Regiment of Foot (disambiguation).

The 81st Regiment of Foot (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers) was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1793. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 47th (Lancashire) Regiment of Foot to form the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment in 1881.

81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers) Regiment of Foot
Colours of the 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers) Regiment of Foot
Active1793–1881
Country Kingdom of Great Britain (1793–1800)
 United Kingdom (1801–1881)
Branch British Army
TypeInfantry Regiment
RoleInfantry
Garrison/HQFulwood Barracks, Lancashire
Motto(s)Loyaute m'oblige
March"The Red, Red Rose" and "The Lincolnshire Poacher"
EngagementsFrench Revolutionary Wars
Napoleonic Wars
Second Anglo-Afghan War

History edit

 
Major General Albemarle Bertie by George Romney

Raising of the Regiment edit

The regiment was raised by Major General Albemarle Bertie as the Loyal Lincoln Volunteers, in response to the threat posed by the French Revolution, on 23 September 1793.[1] However, no levy money would be provided.[2] The original complement was composed of the Militia of Lincoln volunteering to serve in the new regiment: the regiment was embodied in January 1794.[2] On 25 January 1794, the Loyal Lincoln Volunteers were redesignated as the 81st Regiment of Foot.[2] The regiment was quartered in Lincoln and Gainsborough.[3] The first commander was Lieutenant Colonel Lewis.[3]

Napoleonic Wars edit

1795 – 1797: West Indies edit

After a year's service in Ireland, the regiment was detailed to serve under Major-General Ralph Abercromby in the West Indies.[3] The regiment sailed from Southampton and arrived in the West Indies in March 1794.[4] The regiment was sent to reinforce British operations on Saint-Domingue in what is now Haiti.[5] As was common during the era, the European troops of the regiment suffered heavily from tropical diseases, in particular yellow fever. By November 1795, less than a year after, the regiment's losses to illness were so heavy that it was temporarily amalgamated with another battalion, of the 32nd Regiment, to produce a unit that would be combat effective. Despite the capture of the French defences at Bompard, the British Expedition to St. Dominque was a failure. In April 1797, the regiment was ordered to return to the England.[6]

1797 – 1802: Guernsey and South Africa edit

After returning home from the West Indies, the regiment spent much of the year recruiting and refitting. The regiment was made part of the garrison for Guernsey beginning in October 1797. During this time, the rank and file took up a subscription to help support the war effort, each non-commissioned officer and enlisted man contributing between two and seven days pay to the war effort.[7]

In 1798, the regiment was dispatched to help put down an uprising in the Cape Colony. Arriving in the new year, the regiment was quartered at Cape Town. Although sent to put down an insurrection, most of the regiment's fighting was against Rarabe tribesmen under their chief Gaika. On 5 May 1799 a party of the regiment's grenadier company was ambushed by Rarabe tribesman. All but the detachment's drummer were killed in the fighting. Emboldened by their success, Gaika's force attacked the regiment at its encampment on the Sunday River. The Rarebe were repulsed with heavy casualties by the regiment.[8]

This was the regiment's last major action during its stay in the Cape Colony. For the next four years, the regiment continued to garrison the colony until the Treaty of Amiens in 1802. With the signing of the treaty, the men of the regiment were offered the chance to volunteer to serve in India in different regiments, for a sizable bounty, or to return to England with their regiment. More than six hundred of the regiment volunteered for Indian service, many being sent as replacements with the 22nd Regiment of Foot.[9]

1803 – 1807: Ireland, Sicily, and Maida edit

 
The Battle of Maida July 1806

After South Africa, the regiment returned to England as the Amiens peace was ending. Once back in England, the regiment began recruiting and eventually had enough men to bring the battalion up to full strength as well as for a reserve battalion. The 2nd battalion of the regiment was formally embodied on 15 October 1803 at Mills Bay Barracks in Plymouth under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Knight.[10] Under the initial plan, the 1st battalion would be for universal service while the 2nd battalion would be kept for home service in the British Isles. As such, in 1804, the 2nd battalion was stationed in Ireland, initially at Kinsale, but later moved to Cork.[11] In 1805, the 1st battalion was assigned to Lieutenant General Sir James Craig's expeditionary group. The 1st battalion participated in the invasion of Naples,[12] but then retreated to Sicily once word of the Napoleon's victory at Ulm was received.[13]

Still in Sicily in 1806, the 1st battalion was part of Major General John Stuart's force that attacked the French in Calabria. On 4 July 1806, Stuart's force engaged the French at the Battle of Maida.[14] After stopping the initial French advance with musket fire, Stuart ordered forward Colonel Acland's brigade (including the 1st battalion). At bayonet point, the 1st battalion, together with 78th Regiment of Foot, drove off the French Forty-second regiment, as well as two battalions of Polish infantry before pausing to fire into the now exposed flanks of the French forces. Among the spoils of the battle was a silver tortoise snuff box, taken as a trophy by the 1st battalion and kept as a regimental trophy of the battle. For its actions, the regiment was granted the battle honour Maida and voted the thanks of Parliament.[15] Despite its victory at Maida, the 1st battalion soon withdrew to Sicily after Stuart's campaign failed to produce a general uprising against the French. The 1st battalion remained on Sicily, participating in the unsuccessful relief of Colonel Hudson Lowe's forces at Capri,[16] as well operations to prevent the French from taking Sicily until withdrawn in 1812.[17]

1808 – 1809: Spain and Walchren edit

In September 1808, the 2nd battalion was transferred to join Lieutenant General Sir John Moore's command. Along with the rest of the 15,000 men, the 2nd battalion was destined for Corunna where it took part in Moore's campaign in northern Spain during the winter of 1808 to assist the Spanish Armies against Imperial France.[18] It retreated with the rest of Moore's forces to Corunna. On 16 January 1809, as part of Lieutenant-General David Baird's division guarding the right flank of the British forces, the 2nd battalion fought in some of the heaviest fighting of the battle. The 2nd battalion advanced in support of the 42nd Regiment of Foot and the 50th Regiment of Foot. Despite being driven back from their initial gains, the 2nd battalion counter-attacked with the 42nd and 50th regiments and then held their position until relieved.[19] With the surviving units of Moore's army, the 2nd battalion was withdrawn by sea to England the next day. For their part in the battle, the regiment was granted the battle honour "Corunna".[20]

After refitting in England, the 2nd battalion was assigned to Lord Chatham's command for the Walcheren Campaign.[21] During the siege of Flushing, the principal action which the 2nd battalion participated, the battalion casualties were 3 killed and 5 wounded. Over the next five months, malaria and other diseases cost the battalion 298, nearly a third of its authorized strength.[22] Along with the rest of Chatham's command, the 2nd battalion was withdrawn in December 1809.[22]

1812 – 1813: Spain and The Netherlands edit

 
The Battle of Castalla April 1813

After spending almost six years defending Sicily, the 1st battalion was withdrawn and assigned to Lieutenant-General Frederick Maitland's expedition to Catalonia.[23] Maitaland's expedition was a feint to help with the main Allied thrust in 1812. After an aborted initial landing, the 1st battalion landed in Spain in August 1812.[23] Throughout the rest of the year, the campaigned continued on inconclusively in the region of Alicante.[24]

Eventually, after Maitland relinquished command due to illness, General Sir John Murray assumed command of the expedition in 1813.[25] With him came an addition 12,000 men, the Anglo-Sicilian force contained approximately 16,000 men.[25] They were opposed by Marshal Louis-Gabriel Suchet.[26] Advancing, Murray's command, and the 1st battalion, encountered and defeated Suchet's forces at the Battle of Castalla on 13 April 1813.[27] A month later, after besieging the city of Tarragona,[28] the 1st battalion retreated offshore with the rest of Anglo-Spanish-Sicilian force when General Murray was fooled into believing that advancing French columns were significantly larger than they actually were.[29] After Murray's relief and replacement by Lieutenant General Lord William Bentinck, the 1st battalion returned with the rest of the force to the region around Alicante.[30] With the Duke of Wellington's victory at Vittoria, Succhet began a withdrawal from Valencia and Catalan. Bentick's force began its slow, ineffective pursuit.[31]

1814: Holland and North America edit

After spending the previous four years in England and Jersey supplying the 1st battalion with drafts of men and officers, the 2nd battalion were dispatched as reinforcements to General Sir Thomas Graham's expedition to the Low Countries.[32] Arriving in February 1814, they were assigned to the 2nd Division's 2nd Brigade. The 2nd battalion did not participate in the ill-fated assault on Bergen op Zoom on 8 March 1814.[33] With Napoleon's abdication after signing the Treaty of Fontainebleau, the 2nd battalion remained in the Netherlands, stationed at Brussels, rather than being despatched to North America to fight against the United States.[34]

Meanwhile, the 1st battalion, along with the rest of its brigade was transferred, upon Napoleon's abdication, from Spain to North America. Arriving in August 1814, the 1st battalion landed in Quebec and was ordered to move south.[34] However, the 1st battalion missed the major engagements of the 1814 campaign. With the news of peace in March 1815, the 1st battalion remained in garrison until later in 1815 when word of Napoleon's escape from Elba spread.[35]

1815: The Hundred Days edit

The 1st battalion embarked for Europe on 15 June 1815:[36] it missed the final campaign against Napoleon[37] but served in the occupation army in France until April 1817 at which time it was posted to Ireland.[37]

The 2nd battalion had been held in reserve in Brussels since Napoleon's abdication. However, upon learning that Napoleon had left Elba, the battalion was put back on war footing. The 2nd battalion was assigned to the 10th Brigade under Major-General John Lambert, part of Lieutenant General Lowry Cole's 6th Division.[37] With the rest of the division, the 2nd battalion missed the Battle of Quatre Bras on 16 June 1815. The 2nd battalion was still in the process of concentrating at the time of the battle. Even after the rest of the brigade was ready and on the road, the 2nd battalion was still left behind to guard the hospitals and treasury in Brussels.[38] Just as its sister battalion missed the campaign, the 2nd battalion were held out of the fighting during the Hundred Days. The next year, the 2nd battalion were disbanded.[37][39]

The Victorian era edit

1817 – 1853: Garrison Duty in Canada, Gibraltar, The West Indies, England and Ireland edit

The regiment garrisoned Ireland until being transferred to Canada in 1822. After seven years in Canada, the regiment were sent to the West Indies, spending two years in Bermuda before being returned to England in 1831.[40] After rotating through stations in England and Ireland, the regiment was on the move again, being stationed at Gibraltar in 1836, reinforcing the garrison there when tensions started to escalate during the First Carlist War. After nine years on the Rock, the regiment was once again sent back to the West Indies. Three years in the West Indies' outposts of Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago, and St. Kitts were followed by years in Canada. The regiment would be returned home to England in 1847.[41] After serving in various stations in England and Ireland, the regiment was sent on foreign service again, this time to India in 1853.[42]

1853 – 1863: India, Sepoy Mutiny, and the North-West Frontier edit

 
The Martyr's memorial at Meerut commemorating the Indian rebels who died in the fighting in 1857

The regiment arrived in India in 1854. Initially sent to Meerut, the regiment were eventually sent to Lahore in 1857 on the eve of the Indian Rebellion. There they were stationed at the Meean Meer cantonment with three infantry battalions, one cavalry regiment, and some artillery units of the East India Company. On the eve of the mutiny, many of the officers were on leave, despite evidence that something was happening.[43] When word reached the Punjab of the mutiny, the regiment disarmed the Company battalions at Meean Meer during a surprise parade inspection.[44] The initial operation took the mutineers by surprise, and they were disarmed without no casualties. As the sepoy units at Meean Meer were being disarmed, three companies of the regiment tricked their way into the fort guarding Lahore, surprising and disarming the native infantry units there as well.[45]

With the recapture of Delhi in September 1857, British control of the Punjab became easier as the rebellion in lost its momentum. By February 1858, the situation had improved to the point where the regiment could be transferred to the North-West Frontier.[46] The regiment was assigned to Major-General Sir Sydney Cotton's Sittana Field Force. The objective of Cotton's command was to carry out a punitive expedition against Hindustani fanatics who had been instrumental in the mutiny of a native regiment stationed near Peshawar.[47][48] Crossing through the Daran pass, the regiment participated in the destruction of the stronghold at Mangal Thana.[49] After destroying the fortifications at Mangal Thana, the expedition turned its attention to the main fanatic base at Sittana. Despite resistance from the Fanactics, the upper and lower Sittana villages were captured by the British forces, including the regiment. After burning them to the ground, Cotton's expedition returned to British India. The success of the expedition resulted in a treaty between the various tribes and the British leading to the expulsion of the Hindustani Fanatics as well as an agreement by the various tribes to resist attempts by the Fanatics to return.[50]

1864 – 1874 England and Gibraltar edit

The regiment would not see any further active service in India during its tour of duty there. In 1864, after nearly ten years in India, the regiment returned to England after surviving sailing through a hurricane.[51] The regiment would recruit and rotate through the various posts in England and Ireland from 1865 until 1870 when the regiment was once again posted to Gibraltar.[52]

1878 – 1881 Second Afghan War and Amalgamation edit

 
The interior of Ali Masjid, following the battle in November 1878

Returning to in India in 1878, the regiment was tasked with taking part in the Second Anglo-Afghan War. Assigned to The Peshawar Valley Field Force, under the command of Lieutenant General Sir Sam Browne, the regiment took part in the Battle of Ali Masjid in November 1878. As part of Brigadier-General Frederick Appleyard's brigade, the regiment participated in the front assault into the Khyber Pass.[53]

As part of the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 81st was linked with the 47th (Lancashire) Regiment of Foot, and assigned to district no. 12 at Fulwood Barracks in Lancashire.[54] On 1 July 1881 the Childers Reforms came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 47th (Lancashire) Regiment of Foot to form the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment.[55]

Battle honours edit

The regiment's battle honours were:[55]

Colonels of the Regiment edit

Colonels of the Regiment were:[55]

81st Regiment of Foot edit

81st Regiment of Foot (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers) – (1832) edit

References edit

  1. ^ McGuigan, Ron (May 2003). "The British Army: 1 February 1793". The Napoleon Series. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  2. ^ a b c Rogers 1872, p. 4.
  3. ^ a b c Rogers 1872, p. 5.
  4. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 6.
  5. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 7.
  6. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 9.
  7. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 10.
  8. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 13.
  9. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 15.
  10. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 21.
  11. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 24.
  12. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 28.
  13. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 32.
  14. ^ . Archived from the original on 17 March 2004. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  15. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 42.
  16. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 94.
  17. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 102.
  18. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 45.
  19. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 83.
  20. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 92.
  21. ^ Burnham, Robert (1995–2004). "The British Expeditionary Force to Walcheren: 1809". Napoleon-series.org. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  22. ^ a b Rogers 1872, p. 99.
  23. ^ a b Rogers 1872, p. 103.
  24. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 108.
  25. ^ a b Rogers 1872, p. 111.
  26. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 112.
  27. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 113.
  28. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 116.
  29. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 118.
  30. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 119.
  31. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 120.
  32. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 129.
  33. ^ Bamford, Andrew (1995–2007). . The Napoleon Series. Archived from the original on 19 March 2008. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  34. ^ a b Rogers 1872, p. 134.
  35. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 135.
  36. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 136.
  37. ^ a b c d Percival, Allan (2014). "The 81st (Loyal Lincoln Volunteers) Regiment of Foot". Lancashire Infantry Museum. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  38. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 137.
  39. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 139.
  40. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 150.
  41. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 173.
  42. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 182.
  43. ^ Rogers 1872, pp. 190–191.
  44. ^ Rogers 1872, pp. 192–194.
  45. ^ Rogers 1872, pp. 195–196.
  46. ^ Rogers 1872, pp. 211–212.
  47. ^ Rogers 1872, pp. 215–215.
  48. ^ Paget 1874, pp. 71–72.
  49. ^ Paget 1907, pp. 223–224.
  50. ^ Paget 1874, p. 78.
  51. ^ Rogers 1872, pp. 224–239.
  52. ^ Rogers 1872, p. 250.
  53. ^ "Battle of Ali Masjid". Britishbattles.com. Retrieved 1 August 2014.
  54. ^ . Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 10 February 2006. Retrieved 16 October 2016.
  55. ^ a b c . regiments.org. Archived from the original on 14 May 2006. Retrieved 2 August 2016.

Sources edit

  • Paget, William Henry (1874). A record of the expeditions undertaken against the North-west frontier tribes. Calcutta: Office of Supt. of Govt. Printing.
  • Paget, William Henry (1907). Frontier and overseas expeditions from India. Vol. I. Simla: Govt. Monotype Press.
  • Rogers, S. (1872). Historical Record of The Eighty-First Regiment or Loyal Lincoln Volunteers Containing An Account Of The Regiment In 1793 And Of Its Subsequent Services To 1872. Gibraltar: The Twenty-Eighth Regimental Press.

External links edit

  • , regiments.org

May 02, 2024
81st, regiment, foot, loyal, lincoln, volunteers, other, units, with, same, regimental, number, 81st, regiment, foot, disambiguation, infantry, regiment, british, army, raised, 1793, under, childers, reforms, amalgamated, with, 47th, lancashire, regiment, foot. For other units with the same regimental number see 81st Regiment of Foot disambiguation The 81st Regiment of Foot Loyal Lincoln Volunteers was an infantry regiment of the British Army raised in 1793 Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 47th Lancashire Regiment of Foot to form the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment in 1881 81st Loyal Lincoln Volunteers Regiment of FootColours of the 81st Loyal Lincoln Volunteers Regiment of FootActive1793 1881Country Kingdom of Great Britain 1793 1800 United Kingdom 1801 1881 Branch British ArmyTypeInfantry RegimentRoleInfantryGarrison HQFulwood Barracks LancashireMotto s Loyaute m obligeMarch The Red Red Rose and The Lincolnshire Poacher EngagementsFrench Revolutionary WarsNapoleonic WarsSecond Anglo Afghan War Contents 1 History 1 1 Raising of the Regiment 1 2 Napoleonic Wars 1 2 1 1795 1797 West Indies 1 2 2 1797 1802 Guernsey and South Africa 1 2 3 1803 1807 Ireland Sicily and Maida 1 2 4 1808 1809 Spain and Walchren 1 2 5 1812 1813 Spain and The Netherlands 1 2 6 1814 Holland and North America 1 2 7 1815 The Hundred Days 1 3 The Victorian era 1 3 1 1817 1853 Garrison Duty in Canada Gibraltar The West Indies England and Ireland 1 3 2 1853 1863 India Sepoy Mutiny and the North West Frontier 1 3 3 1864 1874 England and Gibraltar 1 3 4 1878 1881 Second Afghan War and Amalgamation 2 Battle honours 3 Colonels of the Regiment 3 1 81st Regiment of Foot 3 2 81st Regiment of Foot Loyal Lincoln Volunteers 1832 4 References 5 Sources 6 External linksHistory edit nbsp Major General Albemarle Bertie by George Romney Raising of the Regiment edit The regiment was raised by Major General Albemarle Bertie as the Loyal Lincoln Volunteers in response to the threat posed by the French Revolution on 23 September 1793 1 However no levy money would be provided 2 The original complement was composed of the Militia of Lincoln volunteering to serve in the new regiment the regiment was embodied in January 1794 2 On 25 January 1794 the Loyal Lincoln Volunteers were redesignated as the 81st Regiment of Foot 2 The regiment was quartered in Lincoln and Gainsborough 3 The first commander was Lieutenant Colonel Lewis 3 Napoleonic Wars edit 1795 1797 West Indies edit After a year s service in Ireland the regiment was detailed to serve under Major General Ralph Abercromby in the West Indies 3 The regiment sailed from Southampton and arrived in the West Indies in March 1794 4 The regiment was sent to reinforce British operations on Saint Domingue in what is now Haiti 5 As was common during the era the European troops of the regiment suffered heavily from tropical diseases in particular yellow fever By November 1795 less than a year after the regiment s losses to illness were so heavy that it was temporarily amalgamated with another battalion of the 32nd Regiment to produce a unit that would be combat effective Despite the capture of the French defences at Bompard the British Expedition to St Dominque was a failure In April 1797 the regiment was ordered to return to the England 6 1797 1802 Guernsey and South Africa edit After returning home from the West Indies the regiment spent much of the year recruiting and refitting The regiment was made part of the garrison for Guernsey beginning in October 1797 During this time the rank and file took up a subscription to help support the war effort each non commissioned officer and enlisted man contributing between two and seven days pay to the war effort 7 In 1798 the regiment was dispatched to help put down an uprising in the Cape Colony Arriving in the new year the regiment was quartered at Cape Town Although sent to put down an insurrection most of the regiment s fighting was against Rarabe tribesmen under their chief Gaika On 5 May 1799 a party of the regiment s grenadier company was ambushed by Rarabe tribesman All but the detachment s drummer were killed in the fighting Emboldened by their success Gaika s force attacked the regiment at its encampment on the Sunday River The Rarebe were repulsed with heavy casualties by the regiment 8 This was the regiment s last major action during its stay in the Cape Colony For the next four years the regiment continued to garrison the colony until the Treaty of Amiens in 1802 With the signing of the treaty the men of the regiment were offered the chance to volunteer to serve in India in different regiments for a sizable bounty or to return to England with their regiment More than six hundred of the regiment volunteered for Indian service many being sent as replacements with the 22nd Regiment of Foot 9 1803 1807 Ireland Sicily and Maida edit nbsp The Battle of Maida July 1806 After South Africa the regiment returned to England as the Amiens peace was ending Once back in England the regiment began recruiting and eventually had enough men to bring the battalion up to full strength as well as for a reserve battalion The 2nd battalion of the regiment was formally embodied on 15 October 1803 at Mills Bay Barracks in Plymouth under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Knight 10 Under the initial plan the 1st battalion would be for universal service while the 2nd battalion would be kept for home service in the British Isles As such in 1804 the 2nd battalion was stationed in Ireland initially at Kinsale but later moved to Cork 11 In 1805 the 1st battalion was assigned to Lieutenant General Sir James Craig s expeditionary group The 1st battalion participated in the invasion of Naples 12 but then retreated to Sicily once word of the Napoleon s victory at Ulm was received 13 Still in Sicily in 1806 the 1st battalion was part of Major General John Stuart s force that attacked the French in Calabria On 4 July 1806 Stuart s force engaged the French at the Battle of Maida 14 After stopping the initial French advance with musket fire Stuart ordered forward Colonel Acland s brigade including the 1st battalion At bayonet point the 1st battalion together with 78th Regiment of Foot drove off the French Forty second regiment as well as two battalions of Polish infantry before pausing to fire into the now exposed flanks of the French forces Among the spoils of the battle was a silver tortoise snuff box taken as a trophy by the 1st battalion and kept as a regimental trophy of the battle For its actions the regiment was granted the battle honour Maida and voted the thanks of Parliament 15 Despite its victory at Maida the 1st battalion soon withdrew to Sicily after Stuart s campaign failed to produce a general uprising against the French The 1st battalion remained on Sicily participating in the unsuccessful relief of Colonel Hudson Lowe s forces at Capri 16 as well operations to prevent the French from taking Sicily until withdrawn in 1812 17 1808 1809 Spain and Walchren edit In September 1808 the 2nd battalion was transferred to join Lieutenant General Sir John Moore s command Along with the rest of the 15 000 men the 2nd battalion was destined for Corunna where it took part in Moore s campaign in northern Spain during the winter of 1808 to assist the Spanish Armies against Imperial France 18 It retreated with the rest of Moore s forces to Corunna On 16 January 1809 as part of Lieutenant General David Baird s division guarding the right flank of the British forces the 2nd battalion fought in some of the heaviest fighting of the battle The 2nd battalion advanced in support of the 42nd Regiment of Foot and the 50th Regiment of Foot Despite being driven back from their initial gains the 2nd battalion counter attacked with the 42nd and 50th regiments and then held their position until relieved 19 With the surviving units of Moore s army the 2nd battalion was withdrawn by sea to England the next day For their part in the battle the regiment was granted the battle honour Corunna 20 After refitting in England the 2nd battalion was assigned to Lord Chatham s command for the Walcheren Campaign 21 During the siege of Flushing the principal action which the 2nd battalion participated the battalion casualties were 3 killed and 5 wounded Over the next five months malaria and other diseases cost the battalion 298 nearly a third of its authorized strength 22 Along with the rest of Chatham s command the 2nd battalion was withdrawn in December 1809 22 1812 1813 Spain and The Netherlands edit nbsp The Battle of Castalla April 1813 After spending almost six years defending Sicily the 1st battalion was withdrawn and assigned to Lieutenant General Frederick Maitland s expedition to Catalonia 23 Maitaland s expedition was a feint to help with the main Allied thrust in 1812 After an aborted initial landing the 1st battalion landed in Spain in August 1812 23 Throughout the rest of the year the campaigned continued on inconclusively in the region of Alicante 24 Eventually after Maitland relinquished command due to illness General Sir John Murray assumed command of the expedition in 1813 25 With him came an addition 12 000 men the Anglo Sicilian force contained approximately 16 000 men 25 They were opposed by Marshal Louis Gabriel Suchet 26 Advancing Murray s command and the 1st battalion encountered and defeated Suchet s forces at the Battle of Castalla on 13 April 1813 27 A month later after besieging the city of Tarragona 28 the 1st battalion retreated offshore with the rest of Anglo Spanish Sicilian force when General Murray was fooled into believing that advancing French columns were significantly larger than they actually were 29 After Murray s relief and replacement by Lieutenant General Lord William Bentinck the 1st battalion returned with the rest of the force to the region around Alicante 30 With the Duke of Wellington s victory at Vittoria Succhet began a withdrawal from Valencia and Catalan Bentick s force began its slow ineffective pursuit 31 1814 Holland and North America edit After spending the previous four years in England and Jersey supplying the 1st battalion with drafts of men and officers the 2nd battalion were dispatched as reinforcements to General Sir Thomas Graham s expedition to the Low Countries 32 Arriving in February 1814 they were assigned to the 2nd Division s 2nd Brigade The 2nd battalion did not participate in the ill fated assault on Bergen op Zoom on 8 March 1814 33 With Napoleon s abdication after signing the Treaty of Fontainebleau the 2nd battalion remained in the Netherlands stationed at Brussels rather than being despatched to North America to fight against the United States 34 Meanwhile the 1st battalion along with the rest of its brigade was transferred upon Napoleon s abdication from Spain to North America Arriving in August 1814 the 1st battalion landed in Quebec and was ordered to move south 34 However the 1st battalion missed the major engagements of the 1814 campaign With the news of peace in March 1815 the 1st battalion remained in garrison until later in 1815 when word of Napoleon s escape from Elba spread 35 1815 The Hundred Days edit The 1st battalion embarked for Europe on 15 June 1815 36 it missed the final campaign against Napoleon 37 but served in the occupation army in France until April 1817 at which time it was posted to Ireland 37 The 2nd battalion had been held in reserve in Brussels since Napoleon s abdication However upon learning that Napoleon had left Elba the battalion was put back on war footing The 2nd battalion was assigned to the 10th Brigade under Major General John Lambert part of Lieutenant General Lowry Cole s 6th Division 37 With the rest of the division the 2nd battalion missed the Battle of Quatre Bras on 16 June 1815 The 2nd battalion was still in the process of concentrating at the time of the battle Even after the rest of the brigade was ready and on the road the 2nd battalion was still left behind to guard the hospitals and treasury in Brussels 38 Just as its sister battalion missed the campaign the 2nd battalion were held out of the fighting during the Hundred Days The next year the 2nd battalion were disbanded 37 39 The Victorian era edit 1817 1853 Garrison Duty in Canada Gibraltar The West Indies England and Ireland edit The regiment garrisoned Ireland until being transferred to Canada in 1822 After seven years in Canada the regiment were sent to the West Indies spending two years in Bermuda before being returned to England in 1831 40 After rotating through stations in England and Ireland the regiment was on the move again being stationed at Gibraltar in 1836 reinforcing the garrison there when tensions started to escalate during the First Carlist War After nine years on the Rock the regiment was once again sent back to the West Indies Three years in the West Indies outposts of Barbados Trinidad and Tobago and St Kitts were followed by years in Canada The regiment would be returned home to England in 1847 41 After serving in various stations in England and Ireland the regiment was sent on foreign service again this time to India in 1853 42 1853 1863 India Sepoy Mutiny and the North West Frontier edit nbsp The Martyr s memorial at Meerut commemorating the Indian rebels who died in the fighting in 1857 The regiment arrived in India in 1854 Initially sent to Meerut the regiment were eventually sent to Lahore in 1857 on the eve of the Indian Rebellion There they were stationed at the Meean Meer cantonment with three infantry battalions one cavalry regiment and some artillery units of the East India Company On the eve of the mutiny many of the officers were on leave despite evidence that something was happening 43 When word reached the Punjab of the mutiny the regiment disarmed the Company battalions at Meean Meer during a surprise parade inspection 44 The initial operation took the mutineers by surprise and they were disarmed without no casualties As the sepoy units at Meean Meer were being disarmed three companies of the regiment tricked their way into the fort guarding Lahore surprising and disarming the native infantry units there as well 45 With the recapture of Delhi in September 1857 British control of the Punjab became easier as the rebellion in lost its momentum By February 1858 the situation had improved to the point where the regiment could be transferred to the North West Frontier 46 The regiment was assigned to Major General Sir Sydney Cotton s Sittana Field Force The objective of Cotton s command was to carry out a punitive expedition against Hindustani fanatics who had been instrumental in the mutiny of a native regiment stationed near Peshawar 47 48 Crossing through the Daran pass the regiment participated in the destruction of the stronghold at Mangal Thana 49 After destroying the fortifications at Mangal Thana the expedition turned its attention to the main fanatic base at Sittana Despite resistance from the Fanactics the upper and lower Sittana villages were captured by the British forces including the regiment After burning them to the ground Cotton s expedition returned to British India The success of the expedition resulted in a treaty between the various tribes and the British leading to the expulsion of the Hindustani Fanatics as well as an agreement by the various tribes to resist attempts by the Fanatics to return 50 1864 1874 England and Gibraltar edit The regiment would not see any further active service in India during its tour of duty there In 1864 after nearly ten years in India the regiment returned to England after surviving sailing through a hurricane 51 The regiment would recruit and rotate through the various posts in England and Ireland from 1865 until 1870 when the regiment was once again posted to Gibraltar 52 1878 1881 Second Afghan War and Amalgamation edit nbsp The interior of Ali Masjid following the battle in November 1878 Returning to in India in 1878 the regiment was tasked with taking part in the Second Anglo Afghan War Assigned to The Peshawar Valley Field Force under the command of Lieutenant General Sir Sam Browne the regiment took part in the Battle of Ali Masjid in November 1878 As part of Brigadier General Frederick Appleyard s brigade the regiment participated in the front assault into the Khyber Pass 53 As part of the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s where single battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom the 81st was linked with the 47th Lancashire Regiment of Foot and assigned to district no 12 at Fulwood Barracks in Lancashire 54 On 1 July 1881 the Childers Reforms came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 47th Lancashire Regiment of Foot to form the Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 55 Battle honours editThe regiment s battle honours were 55 Napoleonic Wars Maida Corunna Peninsula Second Afghan War Ali Masjid Afghanistan 1878 9Colonels of the Regiment editColonels of the Regiment were 55 81st Regiment of Foot edit 1793 1794 Gen Albemarle Bertie 9th Earl of Lindsey 1794 1795 Lt Gen Winter Blathwayte 1795 1797 Gen Hon Chapple Norton 1797 Gen Gordon Forbes 1797 1798 Gen Sir Hew Whitefoord Dalrymple 1st Baronet 1798 Lt Gen John Graves Simcoe 1798 1819 Gen Sir Henry Johnson 1st Baronet GCB 1819 1829 Gen Sir James Kempt GCB GCH 1829 1840 Lt Gen Sir Richard Downes Jackson KCB 81st Regiment of Foot Loyal Lincoln Volunteers 1832 edit 1840 1842 Maj Gen Sir John Waters KCB 1842 1844 Lt Gen Sir Maurice Charles O Connell KCH 1844 1845 Gen Sir George Henry Frederick Berkeley KCB 1845 1847 Lt Gen Sir Neil Douglas KCB KCH 1847 1863 Gen Thomas Evans CB 1863 1879 Gen William Frederick Forster KH 1879 1881 Gen Henry Renny CSIReferences edit McGuigan Ron May 2003 The British Army 1 February 1793 The Napoleon Series Retrieved 1 August 2014 a b c Rogers 1872 p 4 a b c Rogers 1872 p 5 Rogers 1872 p 6 Rogers 1872 p 7 Rogers 1872 p 9 Rogers 1872 p 10 Rogers 1872 p 13 Rogers 1872 p 15 Rogers 1872 p 21 Rogers 1872 p 24 Rogers 1872 p 28 Rogers 1872 p 32 Maida 4th July 1806 Archived from the original on 17 March 2004 Retrieved 24 February 2017 Rogers 1872 p 42 Rogers 1872 p 94 Rogers 1872 p 102 Rogers 1872 p 45 Rogers 1872 p 83 Rogers 1872 p 92 Burnham Robert 1995 2004 The British Expeditionary Force to Walcheren 1809 Napoleon series org Retrieved 1 August 2014 a b Rogers 1872 p 99 a b Rogers 1872 p 103 Rogers 1872 p 108 a b Rogers 1872 p 111 Rogers 1872 p 112 Rogers 1872 p 113 Rogers 1872 p 116 Rogers 1872 p 118 Rogers 1872 p 119 Rogers 1872 p 120 Rogers 1872 p 129 Bamford Andrew 1995 2007 The British Army in the Low Countries 1813 1814 The Napoleon Series Archived from the original on 19 March 2008 Retrieved 1 August 2014 a b Rogers 1872 p 134 Rogers 1872 p 135 Rogers 1872 p 136 a b c d Percival Allan 2014 The 81st Loyal Lincoln Volunteers Regiment of Foot Lancashire Infantry Museum Retrieved 1 August 2014 Rogers 1872 p 137 Rogers 1872 p 139 Rogers 1872 p 150 Rogers 1872 p 173 Rogers 1872 p 182 Rogers 1872 pp 190 191 Rogers 1872 pp 192 194 Rogers 1872 pp 195 196 Rogers 1872 pp 211 212 Rogers 1872 pp 215 215 Paget 1874 pp 71 72 Paget 1907 pp 223 224 Paget 1874 p 78 Rogers 1872 pp 224 239 Rogers 1872 p 250 Battle of Ali Masjid Britishbattles com Retrieved 1 August 2014 Training Depots Regiments org Archived from the original on 10 February 2006 Retrieved 16 October 2016 a b c 81st Loyal Lincoln Volunteers Regiment of Foot regiments org Archived from the original on 14 May 2006 Retrieved 2 August 2016 Sources editPaget William Henry 1874 A record of the expeditions undertaken against the North west frontier tribes Calcutta Office of Supt of Govt Printing Paget William Henry 1907 Frontier and overseas expeditions from India Vol I Simla Govt Monotype Press Rogers S 1872 Historical Record of The Eighty First Regiment or Loyal Lincoln Volunteers Containing An Account Of The Regiment In 1793 And Of Its Subsequent Services To 1872 Gibraltar The Twenty Eighth Regimental Press External links edit81st Regiment of Foot Loyal Lincoln Volunteers regiments org Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 81st Regiment of Foot Loyal Lincoln Volunteers amp 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