3′-Phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is a derivative of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) that is phosphorylated at the 3′ position and has a sulfate group attached to the 5′ phosphate. It is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions and hence part of sulfation pathways.[1] It is endogenously synthesized by organisms via the phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS), an intermediary metabolite.[2] In humans such reaction is performed by bifunctional 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate synthases (PAPSS1 and PAPSS2) using ATP as the phosphate donor.[3][4]
APS and PAPS are intermediates in the reduction of sulfate to sulfite, an exothermic conversion that is carried out by sulfate-reducing bacteria. In these organisms, sulfate serves as an electron acceptor, akin to the use of O2 as an electron acceptor by aerobic organisms. Sulfate is not reduced directly but must be activated by the formation of APS or PAPS. These carriers of activated sulfate are produced by reaction with ATP. The first reaction is catalysed by ATP sulfurylase:
SO42− + ATP ⇌ APS + PPi
The conversion of APS to PAPS is catalysed by APS kinase:
APS + ATP ⇌ PAPS + ADP
Structure of adenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (APS).
Reduction of APS leads to sulfite, which is further reduced to hydrogen sulfide, which is excreted. This process is called dissimilatory sulfate reduction. Reduction of PAPS, a more elaborated sulfate ester, leads also to hydrogen sulfide. But in this case, the product is used in biosynthesis, e.g. for the production of cysteine. The latter process is called assimilatory sulfate reduction because the sulfate sulfur is assimilated.[5]
Referencesedit
^Günal S; Hardman R; Kopriva S; Mueller JW (2019). "Sulfation pathways from red to green". J. Biol. Chem. 294 (33): 12293–12312. doi:10.1074/jbc.REV119.007422. PMC6699852. PMID 31270211.
^Negishi M; Pedersen LG; Petrotchenko E; et al. (2001). "Structure and function of sulfotransferases". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 390 (2): 149–57. doi:10.1006/abbi.2001.2368. PMID 11396917.
^Xu, Zhen-Hua; Otterness, Diane M.; Freimuth, Robert R.; Carlini, Edward J.; Wood, Thomas C.; Mitchell, Steve; Moon, Eunpyo; Kim, Ung-Jin; Xu, Jing-Ping; Siciliano, Michael J.; Weinshilboum, Richard M. (February 2000). "Human 3′-Phosphoadenosine 5′-Phosphosulfate Synthetase 1 (PAPSS1) and PAPSS2: Gene Cloning, Characterization and Chromosomal Localization". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 268 (2): 437–444. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2123. PMID 10679223.
^Venkatachalam, K. V. (2003). "Human 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) synthase: Biochemistry, molecular biology and genetic deficiency". IUBMB Life. 55 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1080/1521654031000072148. PMID 12716056. S2CID37733913.
^M. T. Madigan, J. M. Martinko, J. Parker “Brock Biology of Microorganisms” Prentice Hall, 1997. ISBN0-13-520875-0.
February 15, 2024
phosphoadenosine, phosphosulfate, paps, redirects, here, other, uses, paps, disambiguation, phosphoadenosine, phosphosulfate, paps, derivative, adenosine, monophosphate, that, phosphorylated, position, sulfate, group, attached, phosphate, most, common, coenzym. PAPS redirects here For other uses see Paps disambiguation 3 Phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate PAPS is a derivative of adenosine monophosphate AMP that is phosphorylated at the 3 position and has a sulfate group attached to the 5 phosphate It is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions and hence part of sulfation pathways 1 It is endogenously synthesized by organisms via the phosphorylation of adenosine 5 phosphosulfate APS an intermediary metabolite 2 In humans such reaction is performed by bifunctional 3 phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate synthases PAPSS1 and PAPSS2 using ATP as the phosphate donor 3 4 3 Phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate NamesIUPAC name 3 O Phosphono 5 adenylyl hydrogen sulfateSystematic IUPAC name 2R 3S 4R 5R 5 6 Amino 9H purin 9 yl 4 hydroxy 3 phosphonooxy oxolan 2 yl methyl hydrogen sulfooxy phosphonateOther names PAPS3 Phosphoadenylyl sulfatePhosphoadenosine phosphosulfate3 Phospho 5 adenylyl sulfateIdentifiersCAS Number 482 67 7 Y3D model JSmol Interactive imageAbbreviations PAPSChEBI CHEBI 17980 YChemSpider 9799 YECHA InfoCard 100 222 927EC Number 694 699 5IUPHAR BPS 1719KEGG C00053PubChem CID 10214UNII 5TH3ERG159 YCompTox Dashboard EPA DTXSID40894869InChI InChI 1S C10H15N5O13P2S c11 8 5 9 13 2 12 8 15 3 14 5 10 6 16 7 27 29 17 18 19 4 26 10 1 25 30 20 21 28 31 22 23 24 h2 4 6 7 10 16H 1H2 H 20 21 H2 11 12 13 H2 17 18 19 H 22 23 24 t4 6 7 10 m1 s1 YKey GACDQMDRPRGCTN KQYNXXCUSA N YInChI 1 C10H15N5O13P2S c11 8 5 9 13 2 12 8 15 3 14 5 10 6 16 7 27 29 17 18 19 4 26 10 1 25 30 20 21 28 31 22 23 24 h2 4 6 7 10 16H 1H2 H 20 21 H2 11 12 13 H2 17 18 19 H 22 23 24 t4 6 7 10 m1 s1Key GACDQMDRPRGCTN KQYNXXCUBKSMILES C1 NC2 C C N1 N N CN2 C H 3 C H C H C H O3 COP O O OS O O O OP O O O OPropertiesChemical formula C10H15N5O13P2SMolar mass 507 266Except where otherwise noted data are given for materials in their standard state at 25 C 77 F 100 kPa N verify what is Y N Infobox referencesFormation and reduction editAPS and PAPS are intermediates in the reduction of sulfate to sulfite an exothermic conversion that is carried out by sulfate reducing bacteria In these organisms sulfate serves as an electron acceptor akin to the use of O2 as an electron acceptor by aerobic organisms Sulfate is not reduced directly but must be activated by the formation of APS or PAPS These carriers of activated sulfate are produced by reaction with ATP The first reaction is catalysed by ATP sulfurylase SO42 ATP APS PPiThe conversion of APS to PAPS is catalysed by APS kinase APS ATP PAPS ADP nbsp Structure of adenosine 5 phosphosulfate APS Reduction of APS leads to sulfite which is further reduced to hydrogen sulfide which is excreted This process is called dissimilatory sulfate reduction Reduction of PAPS a more elaborated sulfate ester leads also to hydrogen sulfide But in this case the product is used in biosynthesis e g for the production of cysteine The latter process is called assimilatory sulfate reduction because the sulfate sulfur is assimilated 5 References edit Gunal S Hardman R Kopriva S Mueller JW 2019 Sulfation pathways from red to green J Biol Chem 294 33 12293 12312 doi 10 1074 jbc REV119 007422 PMC 6699852 PMID 31270211 Negishi M Pedersen LG Petrotchenko E et al 2001 Structure and function of sulfotransferases Arch Biochem Biophys 390 2 149 57 doi 10 1006 abbi 2001 2368 PMID 11396917 Xu Zhen Hua Otterness Diane M Freimuth Robert R Carlini Edward J Wood Thomas C Mitchell Steve Moon Eunpyo Kim Ung Jin Xu Jing Ping Siciliano Michael J Weinshilboum Richard M February 2000 Human 3 Phosphoadenosine 5 Phosphosulfate Synthetase 1 PAPSS1 and PAPSS2 Gene Cloning Characterization and Chromosomal Localization Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 268 2 437 444 doi 10 1006 bbrc 2000 2123 PMID 10679223 Venkatachalam K V 2003 Human 3 phosphoadenosine 5 phosphosulfate PAPS synthase Biochemistry molecular biology and genetic deficiency IUBMB Life 55 1 1 11 doi 10 1080 1521654031000072148 PMID 12716056 S2CID 37733913 M T Madigan J M Martinko J Parker Brock Biology of Microorganisms Prentice Hall 1997 ISBN 0 13 520875 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 3 27 Phosphoadenosine 5 27 phosphosulfate amp oldid 1195323447, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
