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April 2011 Fukushima earthquake

January 01, 1970

Not to be confused with 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

A potent magnitude 6.6 Mw intraplate aftershock occurred at 17:16 JST (08:16 UTC) on 11 April, in the Hamadōri region of Fukushima, Japan. With a shallow focus of 13 km (8.1 mi), the earthquake was centred inland about 36 km (22 mi) west of Iwaki, causing widespread strong to locally severe shaking. It was one of many aftershocks to follow the 11 March Tōhoku earthquake, and the strongest to have its epicentre located inland.

Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake
UTC time2011-04-11 08:16:12
ISC event16416735
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local date11 April 2011
Local time17:16 JST
Magnitude6.6 Mw[1]
Depth13 km (8 mi)
Epicenter37°00′04″N 140°24′04″E / 37.001°N 140.401°E / 37.001; 140.401[1]
TypeDip-slip
Areas affectedJapan
Max. intensityMMI VIII (Severe)

JMA 6−
Peak acceleration2.11 g
2071.7 Gal
TsunamiNo
LandslidesYes
Casualties4 dead, 10 injured

The earthquake occurred as a result of normal faulting to the west of Iwaki, and triggered numerous landslides across adjacent mountainous areas. A few fires broke out, and 220,000 households lost electricity. Officials issued localised tsunami alerts, though no significant waves were generated. The earthquake caused little structural damage, but killed four people and injured ten others. The strong ground movements triggered the reactivation of a nearby geological fault, prompting researchers to conduct extensive surveys in the region.

Geology edit

The magnitude 6.6 Mw Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake occurred inland on 11 April 2011 at 08:16 UTC at a focal depth of 13 km (8.1 mi), about 36 km (22 mi) west of Iwaki, Fukushima, or 161 km (100 mi) north-northeast of Tokyo.[1] To the east of the epicentre, the oceanic Pacific Plate is subducted beneath the continental Okhotsk Plate, on which much of Honshu's Tōhoku region is situated. Building stress near the resultant plate boundary has led to the development of shallow inland faults through crustal deformation and folding along the east coast of Tōhoku.[2][3] This intraplate earthquake occurred in the vicinity of the Idosawa Fault – a shallow crustal fault in the Hamadōri region near Tabito town, Iwaki city, that had previously been inactive.[4][5]

Surveys near the epicentre revealed a surface rupture of about 11 km (6.8 mi) and numerous fault scarps, with general vertical displacements of 0.8 to 1.5 m (2.6 to 4.9 ft); a maximum displacement of 2.3 m (7.5 ft) occurred at the small village of Shionohira. Localised right-lateral slip of 30 cm (12 in) was observed at the subsiding west side of the rupture. The segments of the Idosawa Fault associated with this surface feature were classified as the "Shionohira Fault" in 2011.[6] The nearby Yunodake Fault, a normal dip-slip fault northeast of the Shionohira Fault that had been dormant for 120,000–130,000 years, also ruptured during the quake.[7] These observations indicated that the earthquake occurred as a result of normal dip-slip faulting with some strike-slip component.[6]

Although it was centred near a different fault zone, the earthquake was classified as an aftershock of the 11 March Tōhoku earthquake, which occurred offshore about 235 km (146 mi) to its northeast.[1][8] The magnitude 9.0 Mw earthquake triggered widespread seismic activity,[9] and its aftershock sequence includes well-over 67 earthquakes of magnitude 6.0 Mw or greater.[10] Apart from the Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake, four of the aftershocks measured magnitude 7.0 Mw or higher.[11][12] The Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake, however, was the strongest of the aftershocks to have its epicentre located inland.[5][12] Early estimates placed the strength of the earthquake at a magnitude of 7.0–7.1, but the United States Geological Survey (USGS) lowered the magnitude to 6.6.[13][14] The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) assessed a magnitude of 7.0 Mj and a depth of 6.4 km (4.0 mi).[15]

The Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake was succeeded by a number of smaller tremors; that same day, at least 11 earthquakes of magnitude 3.5 Mj or higher were recorded near its epicentre.[16] Of the series, the strongest registered at a magnitude of 5.5 Mj and occurred within 3.5 hours after the initial quake.[17] A shallow magnitude 6.0 Mw (6.4 Mj) earthquake and several smaller tremors struck the region on 12 April.[18][19]

Effects edit

 
USGS shake map

The earthquake struck in the late afternoon near a moderately populated region of the Fukushima Prefecture, although most structures around the epicentre were resistant to earthquake shaking.[20] Focussed at an unusually shallow depth, the earthquake generated significant shaking throughout many adjacent prefectures. The strongest ground motion registered at severe (MM VIII) in Ishikawa town on the Mercalli intensity scale.[21] Strong shaking (MM VI) spread through Iwaki, Sukawaga, Kuroiso, Ōtawara and Kitaibaraki, with light tremors (MM IV) felt in areas up to several hundred kilometres from the epicentre, including Tokyo and Yokohama.[20] The earthquake cut electricity to about 220,000 households, with most of the cuts reported in Iwaki city.[14] Workers at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant – distanced 70 km (43 mi) from the epicentre[1][22] – evacuated to safety, and external power to the plant was cut. The outage briefly disrupted cooling water injections into three of the reactors, but services to the plant were restored by 18:05 JST.[23] Authorities at Tokyo International Airport closed all runways momentarily,[24] while NTT DoCoMo restricted voice calls in 14 prefectures following the quake. East Japan Railway Company temporarily suspended its services to restart four of five bullet-train lines; other Shinkansen bullet trains in the region were also halted.[14][23]

The earthquake sparked several fires in Iwaki, with one fire breaking out in Asakawa town. Fire engines extinguished a blaze in a liquefied natural gas tank at Daiichi Sankyo's Onahama Plant.[14] Most of the structural damage was due to scattered rock- and landslides along hillsides in the vicinity of Iwaki. A landslide crushed two vehicles and buried three homes in the city, trapping a number of the inhabitants.[14][25] The incident resulted in two immediate deaths. Four people were critically injured and taken to hospital; one of them was later pronounced dead.[26][27] The Iwaki Ibaraki Route 14 interchange of the Jōban Expressway, which runs from Misato, Saitama, to Tomiya, Miyagi, was cut off to traffic by a large landslide of 120 m × 100 m (390 ft × 330 ft).[28] In Tabito town, very close to the epicentre, a 170 m × 50 m (560 ft × 160 ft) landslide resulted in the formation of a quake lake – a natural damming of a river by mass wasting – with a water level of 15 m (49 ft) and a storage volume of 1,000–2,500 m3 (35,000–90,000 cu ft).[28] Significant land deformation with traces of uplift was observed in and around town, affecting local roads but largely sparing its structures.[6]

A total of seven people from other regions near the epicentre, including southern Ibaraki, Tochigi and Kanagawa prefectures, suffered minor injuries.[14][27] Another person was injured during the magnitude 6.0 (Mw) aftershock of 12 April.[19] In a report from July 2011, the Fire and Disaster Management Agency confirmed a death toll of four from the earthquake.[29]

Response edit

Japan's Earthquake Early Warning system was activated upon the detection of primary waves – seismic waves that forego an earthquake's perceivable ground motions – giving residents 6.8 seconds to seek cover before the main shock.[19] At the risk of a tsunami – which reach their destructive wave heights near shallow coastal waters[30] – local fishing boats along coastlines were shown heading out to sea on national news broadcasts.[14] A warning for a localised tsunami of up to 2.0 m (6.6 ft) was issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency; however, no significant waves were recorded, and the warning was cancelled soon thereafter.[14][31] In response to the earthquake, the fire department dispatched search and rescue teams and emergency crews for relief efforts and damage assessments throughout the affected area. Six medical crews in pairs of two were also sent to Kanagawa, Chiba and Gunma prefectures.[27] Former Prime Minister Naoto Kan postponed a press conference scheduled for 17:50 JST marking the one-month anniversary of the catastrophic Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.[14]

The Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake occurred in a region with historically low levels of seismicity; studies showed that the recent activity near the fault zone had been triggered by the Tōhoku earthquake.[32] Ever since the earthquake triggered their reactivation, the Shionohira and Yunodake faults have provided essential data for local geological surveys on regional land deformation, sedimentary rock distribution and landslide vulnerability.[5][7][33] In the earthquake's aftermath, Professor Yagi Hiroshi from the Faculty of Education, Art and Science noted that "a possibility exists for widespread aftershocks of the same size to occur in the near future."[4]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e "M6.6 - eastern Honshu, Japan (BETA) 2011-04-11 08:16:12 UTC". earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. 11 April 2011. Retrieved 2014-06-07.
  2. ^ "M-9 Tohoku quake cycle may be 260 years". Yomiuri Shimbun. 8 September 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  3. ^ 先日のＭ７余震、予想外の井戸沢断層が原因. Yomiuri Shimbun (in Japanese). 16 April 2011. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  4. ^ a b いわき市の地表に７キロの断層 ４月１１日の余震でずれ. asahi.com (in Japanese). Asahi Shimbun Company. 13 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  5. ^ a b c Ishiyama, Tatsuya; Sugito, Nobuhiko; Echigo, Tomoo; Sato, Hiroshi (2011). (Report). 2011年4月11日の福島県浜通りの地震に伴う地表地震断層について. Outreach and Public Relations Office. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  6. ^ a b c Kelson, Keith I.; Harder, Leslie F. Jr.; Kishida, Tadahiro; Ryder, Isabelle (5 June 2011). (PDF) (Report). Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance. pp. 1 6. GEER-025d. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  7. ^ a b Status of investigation on Yunotake Fault (quick report) (PDF) (Pamphlet). Press Conference Handouts Archive: November 2011. Tokyo Electric Power Company. 21 November 2011.
  8. ^ . earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. 11 March 2011. Archived from the original on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-28.
  9. ^ Choi, Charles Q (19 April 2011). "Japan earthquake triggered smaller quakes around the world". NBC News. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  10. ^ (Report). USGS. 10 July 2011. Earthquake Summary. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  11. ^ . earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. 11 April 2011. Archived from the original on 24 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  12. ^ a b "2011 Significant Earthquake and News Headlines Archive". earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. 2011. from the original on 26 April 2011. Retrieved 27 April 2011.
  13. ^ AFP (11 April 2011). "Japan rattled by 6.6 aftershock". theage.com.au. The Age. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i Biggs, Stuart (23 April 2011). . Bloomberg Businessweek. Archived from the original on 17 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-03-23.
  15. ^ 福島県浜通りの地震について (PDF). jma-net.go.jp (in Japanese). Sendai District Meteorological Observatory. 11 April 2011. (PDF) from the original on 23 May 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-02.
  16. ^ "Earthquake Information 2011/04 (UT)". fnet.bosai.go.jp. National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience. April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  17. ^ "Event – 36.9N 140.6E, 8km Mw5.5". fnet.bosai.go.jp. National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience. 11 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  18. ^ Earthquake in Hamadori, Fukushima Prefecture on April 11, 2011 (Report). Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion. 12 April 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  19. ^ a b c (PDF). 平成23年４月 地震・火山月報（防災編）. Japan Meteorological Agency. 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-20. Retrieved 2012-02-01.
  20. ^ a b "Pager - M 6.6 – Eastern Honshu, Japan". earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. 11 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-22.
  21. ^ "Pager Version 4 - M 6.6, Eastern Honshu, Japan" (PDF). earthquake.usgs.gov. USGS. 11 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-22.
  22. ^ "Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant - 1–4 unites - Japan". tageo.com. Retrieved 2011-04-28.
  23. ^ a b Boyd, John (11 April 2011). "Quake and tsunami warning halt work at Fukushima Plant". spectrum.ieee.org. IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved 2011-04-27.
  24. ^ . abcactionnews.com. ABC Action News. Associated Press. 11 April 2011. Archived from the original on 7 March 2012. Retrieved 2011-04-26.
  25. ^ CNN Wire Staff (11 April 2011). . articles.cnn.com. CNN World News. Archived from the original on 2 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-23. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  26. ^ "Japan earthquake: three killed in powerful aftershock". telegraph.co.uk. The Telegraph. 12 April 2011. from the original on 26 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-15.
  27. ^ a b c (PDF) (in Japanese). Fire and Disaster Management Agency. 13 April 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 2011-05-16.
  28. ^ a b (PDF) (Report). Reconnaissance Survey on Damage to Infrastructures. Public Works Research Institute. 2011. pp. 10–13. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  29. ^ Seismic Activities from Hamadori, Fukushima Prefecture to Northern Ibaraki Prefecture (Report). Japan Meteorological Agency. 20 September 2011. Retrieved 31 January 2012.
  30. ^ "Life of a Tsunami". Western Coastal & Marine Geology. USGS. 22 October 2008. Retrieved 2011-04-27.
  31. ^ Staff Writer (11 April 2011). "Japan hit by 6.6 magnitude earthquake". rte.ie. RTÉ News. Retrieved 2011-03-23.
  32. ^ . outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp (in Japanese). Outreach and Public Relations Office. 13 April 2011. Archived from the original on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  33. ^ Tetik, Cigdem (11 September 2011). "Implication of recent case histories of earthquake-inflicted mass movement; a case studies at Ojiya City aftermaths the 2004 Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake and at Iwaki City aftermaths the 2011 Fukushima Prefecture Hamadori earthquake (docket=MEE10510)". International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
april, 2011, fukushima, earthquake, confused, with, 2011, tōhoku, earthquake, tsunami, potent, magnitude, intraplate, aftershock, occurred, april, hamadōri, region, fukushima, japan, with, shallow, focus, earthquake, centred, inland, about, west, iwaki, causin. Not to be confused with 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami A potent magnitude 6 6 Mw intraplate aftershock occurred at 17 16 JST 08 16 UTC on 11 April in the Hamadōri region of Fukushima Japan With a shallow focus of 13 km 8 1 mi the earthquake was centred inland about 36 km 22 mi west of Iwaki causing widespread strong to locally severe shaking It was one of many aftershocks to follow the 11 March Tōhoku earthquake and the strongest to have its epicentre located inland Fukushima Hamadōri earthquakeUTC time2011 04 11 08 16 12ISC event16416735USGS ANSSComCatLocal date11 April 2011Local time17 16 JSTMagnitude6 6 Mw 1 Depth13 km 8 mi Epicenter37 00 04 N 140 24 04 E 37 001 N 140 401 E 37 001 140 401 1 TypeDip slipAreas affectedJapanMax intensityMMI VIII Severe JMA 6 Peak acceleration2 11 g 2071 7 GalTsunamiNoLandslidesYesCasualties4 dead 10 injured The earthquake occurred as a result of normal faulting to the west of Iwaki and triggered numerous landslides across adjacent mountainous areas A few fires broke out and 220 000 households lost electricity Officials issued localised tsunami alerts though no significant waves were generated The earthquake caused little structural damage but killed four people and injured ten others The strong ground movements triggered the reactivation of a nearby geological fault prompting researchers to conduct extensive surveys in the region Contents 1 Geology 2 Effects 3 Response 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksGeology editThe magnitude 6 6 Mw Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake occurred inland on 11 April 2011 at 08 16 UTC at a focal depth of 13 km 8 1 mi about 36 km 22 mi west of Iwaki Fukushima or 161 km 100 mi north northeast of Tokyo 1 To the east of the epicentre the oceanic Pacific Plate is subducted beneath the continental Okhotsk Plate on which much of Honshu s Tōhoku region is situated Building stress near the resultant plate boundary has led to the development of shallow inland faults through crustal deformation and folding along the east coast of Tōhoku 2 3 This intraplate earthquake occurred in the vicinity of the Idosawa Fault a shallow crustal fault in the Hamadōri region near Tabito town Iwaki city that had previously been inactive 4 5 Surveys near the epicentre revealed a surface rupture of about 11 km 6 8 mi and numerous fault scarps with general vertical displacements of 0 8 to 1 5 m 2 6 to 4 9 ft a maximum displacement of 2 3 m 7 5 ft occurred at the small village of Shionohira Localised right lateral slip of 30 cm 12 in was observed at the subsiding west side of the rupture The segments of the Idosawa Fault associated with this surface feature were classified as the Shionohira Fault in 2011 6 The nearby Yunodake Fault a normal dip slip fault northeast of the Shionohira Fault that had been dormant for 120 000 130 000 years also ruptured during the quake 7 These observations indicated that the earthquake occurred as a result of normal dip slip faulting with some strike slip component 6 Although it was centred near a different fault zone the earthquake was classified as an aftershock of the 11 March Tōhoku earthquake which occurred offshore about 235 km 146 mi to its northeast 1 8 The magnitude 9 0 Mw earthquake triggered widespread seismic activity 9 and its aftershock sequence includes well over 67 earthquakes of magnitude 6 0 Mw or greater 10 Apart from the Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake four of the aftershocks measured magnitude 7 0 Mw or higher 11 12 The Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake however was the strongest of the aftershocks to have its epicentre located inland 5 12 Early estimates placed the strength of the earthquake at a magnitude of 7 0 7 1 but the United States Geological Survey USGS lowered the magnitude to 6 6 13 14 The Japan Meteorological Agency JMA assessed a magnitude of 7 0 Mj and a depth of 6 4 km 4 0 mi 15 The Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake was succeeded by a number of smaller tremors that same day at least 11 earthquakes of magnitude 3 5 Mj or higher were recorded near its epicentre 16 Of the series the strongest registered at a magnitude of 5 5 Mj and occurred within 3 5 hours after the initial quake 17 A shallow magnitude 6 0 Mw 6 4 Mj earthquake and several smaller tremors struck the region on 12 April 18 19 Effects edit nbsp USGS shake map The earthquake struck in the late afternoon near a moderately populated region of the Fukushima Prefecture although most structures around the epicentre were resistant to earthquake shaking 20 Focussed at an unusually shallow depth the earthquake generated significant shaking throughout many adjacent prefectures The strongest ground motion registered at severe MM VIII in Ishikawa town on the Mercalli intensity scale 21 Strong shaking MM VI spread through Iwaki Sukawaga Kuroiso Ōtawara and Kitaibaraki with light tremors MM IV felt in areas up to several hundred kilometres from the epicentre including Tokyo and Yokohama 20 The earthquake cut electricity to about 220 000 households with most of the cuts reported in Iwaki city 14 Workers at the Fukushima Daiichi power plant distanced 70 km 43 mi from the epicentre 1 22 evacuated to safety and external power to the plant was cut The outage briefly disrupted cooling water injections into three of the reactors but services to the plant were restored by 18 05 JST 23 Authorities at Tokyo International Airport closed all runways momentarily 24 while NTT DoCoMo restricted voice calls in 14 prefectures following the quake East Japan Railway Company temporarily suspended its services to restart four of five bullet train lines other Shinkansen bullet trains in the region were also halted 14 23 The earthquake sparked several fires in Iwaki with one fire breaking out in Asakawa town Fire engines extinguished a blaze in a liquefied natural gas tank at Daiichi Sankyo s Onahama Plant 14 Most of the structural damage was due to scattered rock and landslides along hillsides in the vicinity of Iwaki A landslide crushed two vehicles and buried three homes in the city trapping a number of the inhabitants 14 25 The incident resulted in two immediate deaths Four people were critically injured and taken to hospital one of them was later pronounced dead 26 27 The Iwaki Ibaraki Route 14 interchange of the Jōban Expressway which runs from Misato Saitama to Tomiya Miyagi was cut off to traffic by a large landslide of 120 m 100 m 390 ft 330 ft 28 In Tabito town very close to the epicentre a 170 m 50 m 560 ft 160 ft landslide resulted in the formation of a quake lake a natural damming of a river by mass wasting with a water level of 15 m 49 ft and a storage volume of 1 000 2 500 m3 35 000 90 000 cu ft 28 Significant land deformation with traces of uplift was observed in and around town affecting local roads but largely sparing its structures 6 A total of seven people from other regions near the epicentre including southern Ibaraki Tochigi and Kanagawa prefectures suffered minor injuries 14 27 Another person was injured during the magnitude 6 0 Mw aftershock of 12 April 19 In a report from July 2011 the Fire and Disaster Management Agency confirmed a death toll of four from the earthquake 29 Response editJapan s Earthquake Early Warning system was activated upon the detection of primary waves seismic waves that forego an earthquake s perceivable ground motions giving residents 6 8 seconds to seek cover before the main shock 19 At the risk of a tsunami which reach their destructive wave heights near shallow coastal waters 30 local fishing boats along coastlines were shown heading out to sea on national news broadcasts 14 A warning for a localised tsunami of up to 2 0 m 6 6 ft was issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency however no significant waves were recorded and the warning was cancelled soon thereafter 14 31 In response to the earthquake the fire department dispatched search and rescue teams and emergency crews for relief efforts and damage assessments throughout the affected area Six medical crews in pairs of two were also sent to Kanagawa Chiba and Gunma prefectures 27 Former Prime Minister Naoto Kan postponed a press conference scheduled for 17 50 JST marking the one month anniversary of the catastrophic Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami 14 The Fukushima Hamadōri earthquake occurred in a region with historically low levels of seismicity studies showed that the recent activity near the fault zone had been triggered by the Tōhoku earthquake 32 Ever since the earthquake triggered their reactivation the Shionohira and Yunodake faults have provided essential data for local geological surveys on regional land deformation sedimentary rock distribution and landslide vulnerability 5 7 33 In the earthquake s aftermath Professor Yagi Hiroshi from the Faculty of Education Art and Science noted that a possibility exists for widespread aftershocks of the same size to occur in the near future 4 See also editList of earthquakes in 2011 List of earthquakes in Japan 2016 Fukushima earthquake 2021 Fukushima earthquakeReferences edit a b c d e M6 6 eastern Honshu Japan BETA 2011 04 11 08 16 12 UTC earthquake usgs gov USGS 11 April 2011 Retrieved 2014 06 07 M 9 Tohoku quake cycle may be 260 years Yomiuri Shimbun 8 September 2011 Retrieved 4 February 2012 先日のＭ７余震 予想外の井戸沢断層が原因 Yomiuri Shimbun in Japanese 16 April 2011 Retrieved 4 February 2012 a b いわき市の地表に７キロの断層 ４月１１日の余震でずれ asahi com in Japanese Asahi Shimbun Company 13 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 23 a b c Ishiyama Tatsuya Sugito Nobuhiko Echigo Tomoo Sato Hiroshi 2011 第3報 9月7日掲載 2011年4月11日の福島県浜通りの地震に伴う地表地震断層のトレンチ掘削調査 速報 Report 2011年4月11日の福島県浜通りの地震に伴う地表地震断層について Outreach and Public Relations Office Archived from the original on 19 February 2012 Retrieved 31 January 2012 a b c Kelson Keith I Harder Leslie F Jr Kishida Tadahiro Ryder Isabelle 5 June 2011 Preliminary Observations of Surface Fault Rupture from the April 11 2011 Mw6 6 Hamadoori Earthquake Japan an aftershock of the March 11 2011 Tohoku Offshore Earthquake Japan PDF Report Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance pp 1 6 GEER 025d Archived from the original PDF on 16 May 2013 Retrieved 31 January 2012 a b Status of investigation on Yunotake Fault quick report PDF Pamphlet Press Conference Handouts Archive November 2011 Tokyo Electric Power Company 21 November 2011 Magnitude 9 0 near the East Coast of Honshu Japan earthquake usgs gov USGS 11 March 2011 Archived from the original on 28 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 28 Choi Charles Q 19 April 2011 Japan earthquake triggered smaller quakes around the world NBC News Retrieved 2011 04 23 Magnitude 7 0 off the East Coast of Honshu Japan Report USGS 10 July 2011 Earthquake Summary Archived from the original on 15 October 2011 Retrieved 31 January 2012 Magnitude 7 1 near the East Coast of Honshu Japan earthquake usgs gov USGS 11 April 2011 Archived from the original on 24 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 23 a b 2011 Significant Earthquake and News Headlines Archive earthquake usgs gov USGS 2011 Archived from the original on 26 April 2011 Retrieved 27 April 2011 AFP 11 April 2011 Japan rattled by 6 6 aftershock theage com au The Age Retrieved 2011 04 23 a b c d e f g h i Biggs Stuart 23 April 2011 Magnitude 6 6 quake hits Japan near stricken nuclear power plant Bloomberg Businessweek Archived from the original on 17 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 03 23 福島県浜通りの地震について PDF jma net go jp in Japanese Sendai District Meteorological Observatory 11 April 2011 Archived PDF from the original on 23 May 2011 Retrieved 2011 05 02 Earthquake Information 2011 04 UT fnet bosai go jp National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 23 Event 36 9N 140 6E 8km Mw5 5 fnet bosai go jp National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience 11 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 23 Earthquake in Hamadori Fukushima Prefecture on April 11 2011 Report Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion 12 April 2011 Retrieved 31 January 2012 a b c ３ 平成23 年４月11 日の福島県浜通りの地震 平成23 年４月12 日の福島県中通りの地震 PDF 平成23年４月 地震 火山月報 防災編 Japan Meteorological Agency 2011 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 04 20 Retrieved 2012 02 01 a b Pager M 6 6 Eastern Honshu Japan earthquake usgs gov USGS 11 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 22 Pager Version 4 M 6 6 Eastern Honshu Japan PDF earthquake usgs gov USGS 11 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 22 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant 1 4 unites Japan tageo com Retrieved 2011 04 28 a b Boyd John 11 April 2011 Quake and tsunami warning halt work at Fukushima Plant spectrum ieee org IEEE Spectrum Retrieved 2011 04 27 7 1 magnitude earthquake shakes northeast Japan abcactionnews com ABC Action News Associated Press 11 April 2011 Archived from the original on 7 March 2012 Retrieved 2011 04 26 CNN Wire Staff 11 April 2011 At least 6 killed in new Japan earthquake articles cnn com CNN World News Archived from the original on 2 June 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 23 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a author has generic name help Japan earthquake three killed in powerful aftershock telegraph co uk The Telegraph 12 April 2011 Archived from the original on 26 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 05 15 a b c 福島県浜通りを震源とする地震 第１１報 PDF in Japanese Fire and Disaster Management Agency 13 April 2011 Archived from the original PDF on 21 July 2011 Retrieved 2011 05 16 a b Sediment related disasters and sabo related facilities PDF Report Reconnaissance Survey on Damage to Infrastructures Public Works Research Institute 2011 pp 10 13 Archived from the original PDF on 16 May 2013 Retrieved 31 January 2012 Seismic Activities from Hamadori Fukushima Prefecture to Northern Ibaraki Prefecture Report Japan Meteorological Agency 20 September 2011 Retrieved 31 January 2012 Life of a Tsunami Western Coastal amp Marine Geology USGS 22 October 2008 Retrieved 2011 04 27 Staff Writer 11 April 2011 Japan hit by 6 6 magnitude earthquake rte ie RTE News Retrieved 2011 03 23 2011年4月11日の福島県浜通りの地震に伴う地表地震断層について outreach eri u tokyo ac jp in Japanese Outreach and Public Relations Office 13 April 2011 Archived from the original on 28 April 2011 Retrieved 2011 04 23 Tetik Cigdem 11 September 2011 Implication of recent case histories of earthquake inflicted mass movement a case studies at Ojiya City aftermaths the 2004 Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake and at Iwaki City aftermaths the 2011 Fukushima Prefecture Hamadori earthquake docket MEE10510 International Institute of Seismology and Earthquake Engineering External links editJapan hit with 6 6 aftershock CBS News Earthquake M6 6 eastern Honshu Japan United States Geological Survey Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title April 2011 Fukushima earthquake amp oldid 1218668482, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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