The 1994 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 23 October 1994, to elect the 5th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community. All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election.
This was also the first election to the Basque parliament that the Socialist Party and the Basque Country Left (EE) party contested together as a unified party.
The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed listproportional representation, with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes—which included blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Seats were allocated to constituencies, corresponding to the provinces of Álava, Biscay and Guipúzcoa, with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces, as required under the regional statute of autonomy.[1][2]
Election dateedit
The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election, unless it was dissolved earlier. The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty-fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country (BOPV), with election day taking place between the fifty-fourth and the sixtieth day from publication. The previous election was held on 28 October 1990, which meant that the legislature's term would have expired on 28 October 1994. The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 4 October 1994, with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication, setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday, 3 December 1994.[1][2]
The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election, provided that no motion of no confidence was in process. In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty-day period from the Parliament re-assembly, the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called.[3]
Parties and candidatesedit
The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[2][4]
Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election:
The table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament.
^ abc"Ley 5/1990, de 15 de junio, de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco". Law No. 5 of 15 June 1990 (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 July 2017.
^"Ley 7/1981, de 30 de junio, sobre Ley de Gobierno". Law No. 7 of 30 June 1981 (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 July 2017.
^"Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985 (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 December 2016.
^ abc"Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco / Eusko Legebilitzarra (1980 - 2020)". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 September 2017.
^ ab"Election Results Archive". euskadi.eus (in Spanish). Basque Government. Retrieved 24 September 2017.
April 10, 2024
1994, basque, regional, election, held, sunday, october, 1994, elect, parliament, basque, autonomous, community, seats, parliament, were, election, 1990, october, 1994, 1998, seats, basque, parliament38, seats, needed, majorityopinion, pollsregistered1, turnou. The 1994 Basque regional election was held on Sunday 23 October 1994 to elect the 5th Parliament of the Basque Autonomous Community All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election 1994 Basque regional election 1990 23 October 1994 1998 All 75 seats in the Basque Parliament38 seats needed for a majorityOpinion pollsRegistered1 749 250 3 6 Turnout1 044 085 59 7 1 3 pp First party Second party Third party Leader Jose Antonio Ardanza Ramon Jauregui Karmelo LandaParty EAJ PNV PSE EE PSOE HBLeader since 2 March 1985 16 June 1988 1994Leader s seat Guipuzcoa Guipuzcoa BiscayLast election 22 seats 28 3 22 seats 27 5 a 13 seats 18 2 Seats won 22 12 11Seat change 0 10 2Popular vote 304 346 174 682 166 147Percentage 29 3 16 8 16 0 Swing 1 0 pp 10 7 pp 2 2 pp Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party Leader Jaime Mayor Oreja Carlos Garaikoetxea Javier MadrazoParty PP EA IU EBLeader since 20 January 1989 4 September 1986 14 May 1994Leader s seat Alava Guipuzcoa BiscayLast election 6 seats 8 2 9 seats 11 3 0 seats 1 4 Seats won 11 8 6Seat change 5 1 6Popular vote 146 960 105 136 93 291Percentage 14 2 10 1 9 0 Swing 6 0 pp 1 2 pp 7 6 ppVote winner strength by constituencyElection result by constituencyLehendakari before electionJose Antonio ArdanzaEAJ PNV Elected Lehendakari Jose Antonio ArdanzaEAJ PNVThe Basque Nationalist Party EAJ PNV won 22 seats the Socialist Party of the Basque Country PSE PSOE came second with 12 seats People s Unity HB and the People s Party PP both won 11 seats each Basque Solidarity EA won 8 seats This was also the first election to the Basque parliament that the Socialist Party and the Basque Country Left EE party contested together as a unified party Contents 1 Overview 1 1 Electoral system 1 2 Election date 2 Parties and candidates 3 Opinion polls 4 Results 4 1 Overall 4 2 Distribution by constituency 5 Aftermath 6 Notes 7 ReferencesOverview editElectoral system edit The Basque Parliament was the devolved unicameral legislature of the autonomous community of the Basque Country having legislative power in regional matters as defined by the Spanish Constitution and the Basque Statute of Autonomy as well as the ability to vote confidence in or withdraw it from a lehendakari 1 Voting for the Parliament was on the basis of universal suffrage which comprised all nationals over 18 years of age registered in the Basque Country and in full enjoyment of their political rights The 75 members of the Basque Parliament were elected using the D Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation with an electoral threshold of five percent of valid votes which included blank ballots being applied in each constituency Seats were allocated to constituencies corresponding to the provinces of Alava Biscay and Guipuzcoa with each being allocated a fixed number of 25 seats in order to provide for an equal parliamentary representation of the three provinces as required under the regional statute of autonomy 1 2 Election date edit The term of the Basque Parliament expired four years after the date of its previous election unless it was dissolved earlier The election decree was required to be issued no later than the twenty fifth day prior to the date of expiry of parliament and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of the Basque Country BOPV with election day taking place between the fifty fourth and the sixtieth day from publication The previous election was held on 28 October 1990 which meant that the legislature s term would have expired on 28 October 1994 The election decree was required to be published in the BOPV no later than 4 October 1994 with the election taking place up to the sixtieth day from publication setting the latest possible election date for the Parliament on Saturday 3 December 1994 1 2 The lehendakari had the prerogative to dissolve the Basque Parliament at any given time and call a snap election provided that no motion of no confidence was in process In the event of an investiture process failing to elect a lehendakari within a sixty day period from the Parliament re assembly the Parliament was to be dissolved and a fresh election called 3 Parties and candidates editThe electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election were required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates 2 4 Below is a list of the main parties and electoral alliances which contested the election Candidacy Parties andalliances Leading candidate Ideology Previous result Gov Ref Votes SeatsEAJ PNV List Basque Nationalist Party EAJ PNV nbsp Jose Antonio Ardanza Basque nationalismChristian democracyConservative liberalism 28 28 22 nbsp YPSE EE PSOE List Socialist Party of the Basque Country Basque Country Left PSE EE PSOE nbsp Ramon Jauregui Social democracy 27 51 a 22 nbsp YHB List Popular Unity HB Basque Nationalist Action EAE ANV nbsp Karmelo Landa Basque independenceAbertzale leftRevolutionary socialism 18 20 13 nbsp NEA List Eusko Alkartasuna EA nbsp Carlos Garaikoetxea Basque nationalismSocial democracy 11 30 9 nbsp NPP List People s Party PP nbsp Jaime Mayor Oreja ConservatismChristian democracy 8 17 6 nbsp NUA List Alavese Unity UA nbsp Enriqueta Benito Alavese regionalismChristian democracy 1 40 3 nbsp NIU EB List United Left IU EB nbsp Javier Madrazo SocialismCommunism 1 41 0 nbsp NOpinion polls editThe table below lists voting intention estimates in reverse chronological order showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done as opposed to the date of publication Where the fieldwork dates are unknown the date of publication is given instead The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party s colour If a tie ensues this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages The Lead column on the right shows the percentage point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll When available seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below or in place of the percentages in a smaller font 38 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Basque Parliament Polling firm Commissioner Fieldwork date Sample size Turnout PNV nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp EE nbsp nbsp Lead1994 regional election 23 Oct 1994 59 7 29 322 16 812 16 011 10 18 14 211 b 9 06 2 75 12 5Demoscopia El Pais p 1 p 2 16 Oct 1994 60 33 324 25 16 912 14 15 712 9 96 13 310 11 b 7 65 2 14 16 4Sigma Dos El Mundo p 3 p 2 16 Oct 1994 30 022 23 17 713 15 14 811 9 57 14 712 b 8 26 7 1 32 3 12 3Bergareche El Correo p 2 16 Oct 1994 22 13 11 6 11 b 8 4 ICP Research Diario 16 p 2 16 Oct 1994 33 023 24 18 014 16 16 010 11 9 07 8 14 010 12 b 8 05 2 03 15 0Ikerfel PSE EE p 4 10 13 Oct 1994 1 700 22 16 17 10 11 7 9 b 6 4 CIS p 5 p 6 7 13 Oct 1994 1 495 60 5 36 1 16 1 15 4 10 3 12 1 b 6 9 1 3 20 0Deia p 7 12 Oct 1994 23 15 11 b Basque Government 1 10 Oct 1994 23 24 12 14 11 13 6 8 9 10 b 5 7 4 Opina La Vanguardia p 8 29 Sep 1 Oct 1994 2 000 32 524 25 16 514 15 12 511 12 8 05 6 12 011 b 7 05 6 2 52 3 16 0Basque Government p 9 27 Sep 1994 24 15 11 7 10 b 5 3 CIS p 10 p 11 13 20 Sep 1994 1 490 64 7 37 4 17 4 16 3 9 9 9 7 b 7 0 1 4 20 0Demoscopia PP p 12 p 13 6 12 Jul 1994 2 400 63 32 824 25 16 313 15 011 12 8 45 6 12 49 11 b 9 46 1 63 16 51994 EP election 12 Jun 1994 52 3 25 9 19 18 3 16 15 6 11 8 7 6 17 5 16 b 9 6 7 7 6Bergareche El Correo p 14 16 Apr 1994 26 9 20 1 15 9 15 8 b 6 5CIS p 15 28 Mar 1994 17 18 20 22 10 8 12 14 b 1 2 4 5 Basque Government p 16 10 15 Jan 1994 28 722 19 216 17 012 11 59 9 59 b 1 62 1 54 9 5PNV p 17 9 Jan 1994 17 21 13 7 12 b 2 3 1993 general election 6 Jun 1993 69 7 24 1 18 24 5 20 14 6 11 9 8 7 14 7 12 b 6 3 4 1 4 3 0 41991 foral elections 26 May 1991 59 0 29 6 23 19 7 16 17 4 13 12 4 10 8 0 5 6 9 3 1 8 0 2 2 5 9 91991 local elections 26 May 1991 59 3 29 8 19 4 17 3 11 9 7 6 6 8 1 7 2 1 10 41990 regional election 28 Oct 1990 61 0 28 322 19 816 18 213 11 39 8 26 7 76 1 40 1 43 8 5Results editOverall edit Summary of the 23 October 1994 Basque Parliament election results nbsp Parties and alliances Popular vote SeatsVotes pp Total Basque Nationalist Party EAJ PNV 304 346 29 32 1 04 22 0Socialist Party of the Basque Country Basque Country Left PSE EE PSOE 1 174 682 16 83 10 68 12 10Popular Unity HB 166 147 16 01 2 19 11 2People s Party PP 146 960 14 16 5 99 11 5Basque Solidarity EA 105 136 10 13 1 17 8 1United Left IU EB 93 291 8 99 7 58 6 6Alavese Unity UA 27 797 2 68 1 28 5 2Coalition for a New Socialist Party NPS 2 1 462 0 14 0 07 0 0Blank ballots 18 080 1 74 1 00Total 1 037 901 75 0Valid votes 1 037 901 99 41 0 09Invalid votes 6 184 0 59 0 09Votes cast turnout 1 044 085 59 69 1 30Abstentions 705 165 40 31 1 30Registered voters 1 749 250Sources 5 6 Footnotes 1 Socialist Party of the Basque Country Basque Country Left results are compared to the combined totals of the Socialist Party of the Basque Country and Basque Country Left in the 1990 election 2 Coalition for a New Socialist Party results are compared to Alliance for the Republic totals in the 1990 election Popular voteEAJ PNV 29 32 PSE EE PSOE 16 83 HB 16 01 PP 14 16 EA 10 13 IU EB 8 99 UA 2 68 CNPS 0 14 Blank ballots 1 74 SeatsEAJ PNV 29 33 PSE EE PSOE 16 00 HB 14 67 PP 14 67 EA 10 66 IU EB 8 00 UA 6 67 Distribution by constituency edit Constituency PNV PSE EE HB PP EA IU EB UA S S S S S S SAlava 21 8 6 15 6 4 10 1 2 15 9 4 7 2 2 9 1 2 18 5 5Biscay 35 1 10 17 4 4 13 4 3 15 0 4 7 1 2 10 0 2 0 3 Guipuzcoa 22 3 6 16 4 4 23 1 6 11 9 3 16 7 4 7 1 2 0 3 Total 29 3 22 16 8 12 16 0 11 14 2 11 10 1 8 9 0 6 2 7 5Sources 5 6 Aftermath editInvestitureBallot 29 December 1994Required majority 38 out of 75Jose Antonio Ardanza PNV PNV 22 PSE EE 12 EA 8 42 75 nbsp YBlank ballots PP 11 IU EB 6 UA 5 22 75Absentees HB 11 11 75Sources 5 Notes edit a b Results for PSE PSOE 19 79 16 seats and EE 7 72 6 seats in the 1990 election a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Within PSE EE PSOE References editOpinion poll sources Suben PNV e IU y el PP duplica su representacion El Pais in Spanish 16 October 1994 a b c d Los sondeos electorales coinciden en el aumento del PP y una gran caida del PSOE ABC Sevilla in Spanish 16 October 1994 El PP se convierte en la tercera fuerza politica de Euskadi superando a HB El Mundo in Spanish 16 October 1994 Jauregui apela a los votantes de Euskadiko Ezkerra para compensar la caida del PSOE ABC in Spanish 17 October 1994 Preelectoral Pais Vasco 1994 Estudio nº 2116 Octubre 1994 CIS in Spanish 13 October 1994 Estudio CIS nº 2116 Ficha tecnica PDF CIS in Spanish 13 October 1994 permanent dead link El PP sera la tercera fuerza politica segun Deia ABC in Spanish 13 October 1994 El PNV se consolida como el primer partido del Pais Vasco y se distancia de sus rivales La Vanguardia in Spanish 9 October 1994 Encuesta electoral PNV gana suben PP e IU y bajan PSE y HB ABC in Spanish 27 September 1994 Situacion y perspectivas electorales Pais Vasco Estudio nº 2114 Septiembre 1994 CIS in Spanish 20 September 1994 Estudio CIS nº 2114 Ficha tecnica PDF CIS in Spanish 20 September 1994 Una encuesta da al PNV mayoria clara descenso del PSE y HB y alzas de PP e IU La Vanguardia in Spanish 31 August 1994 Una encuesta refleja la subida del PP y PNV en las elecciones ABC in Spanish 31 August 1994 El PP duplicara sus votos en el Pais Vasco ABC in Spanish 17 April 1994 Guerra preelectoral de encuestas La Vanguardia in Spanish 28 March 1994 El PP aumenta su peso electoral en el Pais Vasco y podria obtener nueve escanos ABC in Spanish 5 February 1994 Un sondeo que pronostica al PNV el hundimiento electoral propicio su radicalizacion nacionalista ABC in Spanish 9 January 1994 Other a b c Ley Organica 3 1979 de 18 de diciembre de Estatuto de Autonomia para el Pais Vasco Organic Law No 3 of 18 December 1979 in Spanish Retrieved 17 July 2017 a b c Ley 5 1990 de 15 de junio de Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco Law No 5 of 15 June 1990 in Spanish Retrieved 17 July 2017 Ley 7 1981 de 30 de junio sobre Ley de Gobierno Law No 7 of 30 June 1981 in Spanish Retrieved 17 July 2017 Ley Organica 5 1985 de 19 de junio del Regimen Electoral General Organic Law No 5 of 19 June 1985 in Spanish Retrieved 28 December 2016 a b c Elecciones al Parlamento Vasco Eusko Legebilitzarra 1980 2020 Historia Electoral com in Spanish Retrieved 24 September 2017 a b Election Results Archive euskadi eus in Spanish Basque Government Retrieved 24 September 2017 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1994 Basque regional election amp oldid 1215831636, 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