1977 New York City mayoral election
The New York City mayoral election of 1977 occurred on Tuesday, November 8, 1977.
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Borough results Koch: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% Cuomo: 40–50% 60–70% | ||||||||||||||||
Incumbent mayor Abraham Beame, a Democrat, was challenged by five other Democrats, including Representative Ed Koch, New York Secretary of State Mario Cuomo, and feminist activist and former Representative Bella Abzug for the Democratic nomination. Koch won the initial vote in the Democratic primary as well as a runoff vote held between him and Cuomo. In the general election, Koch beat Cuomo, who ran on the Liberal Party ticket, and Roy M. Goodman, who ran on the Republican ticket.
Background edit
In October 1975, with the city on the verge of bankruptcy, Mayor Beame asked the federal government for a bailout. President Gerald Ford refused, leading to the memorable New York Daily News headline: "Ford to City: Drop Dead". As a result, Mayor Beame laid off many police officers and other city employees, which was followed by an increase in crime. (The next month, Ford relented in part, signing the New York City Seasonal Financing Act of 1975, which extended $2.3 billion in federal loans to the city for three years.[1])
A 982-page report from the Securities and Exchange Commission blamed Beame's mismanagement for the city's financial mess, which his opponents seized on as an electoral issue.[2] Beame's struggles with the economy and crime, which had led to a decrease in the population of New York City, encouraged several Democrats to challenge him.
Liberal Party convention edit
The Liberal Party convention was held on May 19, 1977. Cuomo defeated Abzug for the nomination.
Results edit
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | Mario Cuomo | 238 | 95.20 | ||
| Liberal | Abstention | 7 | 2.80 | ||
| Liberal | Bella Abzug | 5 | 2.00 | ||
| Majority | 231 | 92.40 | |||
- Source: OurCampaigns.com
Democratic primary edit
The Democratic primary was held on September 8, 1977.
Candidates edit
- Bella Abzug, former U.S. Representative from the West Side and candidate for U.S. Senate in 1976
- Herman Badillo, U.S. Representative from the South Bronx
- Abraham Beame, incumbent Mayor of New York City
- Mario Cuomo, Secretary of State of New York
- Joel Hartnett, civic watchdog
- Ed Koch, U.S. Representative from Greenwich Village
- Percy Sutton, Manhattan Borough President
Withdrew edit
- Edward N. Costikyan, reformer, attorney, and Beame's 1965 campaign manager (endorsed Koch)[3]
Abzug represented parts of Manhattan and the Bronx in the U.S. House. In 1975, she left her seat to run for the U.S. Senate but was narrowly defeated in the Democratic primary by Daniel Patrick Moynihan.
Cuomo, a liberal from Queens, had been appointed Secretary of State by Governor Hugh Carey in 1976, after losing the election for lieutenant governor in 1974.
Ed Koch, a Jewish politician from Greenwich Village, began his career as "just a plain liberal,"[4] but shifted rightward, towards being a "liberal with sanity".[5]
Campaign edit
Koch ran to the right of the other candidates, on a "law and order" platform. A major blackout affected New York City from July 13, 1977 to July 14, 1977. The blackout was localized to New York City and the immediate surroundings, and resulted in citywide looting. According to historian Jonathan Mahler, the blackout and the subsequent rioting helped catapult Koch and his message of restoring public safety to front-runner status.[6] Mayor Beame accused Con Edison, the power provider for New York City, of "gross negligence". Koch criticized Beame for losing control of the streets and failing to ask Governor Carey to call in the National Guard.[7][8]
Endorsements edit
- Abzug – Local 1199, 10,000 hospital workers; Marine Engineers Benevolent Association, Shirley MacLaine, Marlo Thomas
- Badillo – WCBS Radio, the West Brooklyn Independent Democrats, several Hispanic labor organizations, Chita Rivera, Raul Julia
- Beame – Central Labor Council, ILGWU, UFT, TWU, John DeLury, Bert Powers, Stanley Steingut, Donald Manes
- Cuomo – Governor Carey, Mario Biaggi, The New York Times, The Liberal Party, Village Voice, former Mayor Robert F. Wagner, Jr., 26 labor organizations
- Harnett – Don Pippin of "A Chorus Line," Phil Newman, business
- Koch – Stephen J. Solarz, New York Post, New York Daily News, Citizens Union, Bess Myerson
- Sutton – Representative Charles Rangel, Amsterdam News, New York Voice, Ellen Sulzberger Straus, Nicholas Katzenbach, Allied Health Services Union, New York Ministerial Alliance, Baptist Ministers Conference of Greater New York and Vicinity
Polling edit
| Poll Source | Dates Administered | Beame | Abzug | Cuomo | Koch | Sutton | Badillo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York Times/CBS News | August 23, 1977 | 17% | 17% | 14% | 12% | 9% | 7% |
Results edit
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ed Koch | 180,248 | 19.81 | ||
| Democratic | Mario Cuomo | 170,488 | 18.74 | ||
| Democratic | Abraham Beame (incumbent) | 163,610 | 17.98 | ||
| Democratic | Bella Abzug | 150,719 | 16.56 | ||
| Democratic | Percy Sutton | 131,197 | 14.42 | ||
| Democratic | Herman Badillo | 99,808 | 10.97 | ||
| Democratic | Joel Harnett | 13,927 | 1.53 | ||
| Majority | 9,760 | 1.07 | |||
- Source: OurCampaigns.com
Results by borough edit
| 1977 Democratic Primary | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manhattan | The Bronx | Brooklyn | Queens | Staten Island | Total | ||
| Edward I. Koch | 50,806 | 23,453 | 49,470 | 52,002 | 5,812 | 181,544 | |
| Mario M. Cuomo | 25,331 | 23,028 | 54,845 | 56,698 | 10,430 | 170,332 | |
| Abraham D. Beame | 23,758 | 25,747 | 63,304 | 44,607 | 7,337 | 164,753 | |
| Bella Abzug | 56,045 | 20,435 | 37,236 | 33,883 | 4,314 | 151,913 | |
| Percy Sutton | 35,012 | 24,801 | 42,903 | 28,525 | 1,399 | 132,640 | |
| Herman Badillo | 27,193 | 35,007 | 28,909 | 9,051 | 876 | 101,036 | |
Democratic runoff campaign edit
As no candidate obtained the needed 40%, a runoff election was scheduled. The runoff election was held on September 19, 1977 between the top two vote getters, Koch and Cuomo.
Results edit
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ed Koch | 431,849 | 54.94 | ||
| Democratic | Mario Cuomo | 354,222 | 45.06 | ||
| Majority | 77,627 | 9.88 | |||
- Source: OurCampaigns.com
Democratic primary results by borough edit
| 1977 Democratic Primary Runoff | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manhattan | The Bronx | Brooklyn | Queens | Staten Island | Total | ||
| Edward I. Koch | 115,251 | 69,612 | 131,271 | 107,033 | 9,835 | 433,002 | |
| Mario M. Cuomo | 61,570 | 55,355 | 112,587 | 105,522 | 19,799 | 354,833 | |
Republican primary edit
The Republican primary was held on September 8, 1977.
Candidates edit
- Barry Farber, talk radio host
- Roy M. Goodman, State Senator from Manhattan
Results edit
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Roy M. Goodman | 44,667 | 56.22 | ||
| Republican | Barry Farber | 34,782 | 43.78 | ||
| Majority | 9,885 | 12.44 | |||
- Source: OurCampaigns.com
General election edit
Though Koch won the runoff convincingly, Cuomo remained in the race as the Liberal Party nominee.
Though Governor Carey had persuaded Cuomo to run for mayor in the first place, he threw his support to Koch and urged Cuomo to stand down for the sake of party unity. Cuomo refused.
While Koch had a reputation as a crusading reformer, that summer he quietly promised plum city jobs to the political powerbrokers in the boroughs in exchange for their support.[2] Cuomo ran on banning the death penalty, which backfired with New Yorkers during a time of high crime rates. Cuomo then went negative with ads that likened Koch to unpopular former mayor John Lindsay. His supporters used the inflammatory slogan "Vote for Cuomo, Not the Homo".[2] Meanwhile, Koch backers accused Cuomo of anti-Semitism and pelted Cuomo campaign cars with eggs.[2]
Polling edit
| Poll Source | Dates Administered | Koch (D) | Cuomo (L) | Farber (C) | Goodman (R) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York Post | November 1–3, 1977 | 49.5% | 35.4% | 3.6% | 3.4% |
Results edit
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Ed Koch | 717,376 | 49.99 | ||
| Liberal | Mario Cuomo | 587,913 | 40.97 | ||
| Republican | Roy M. Goodman | 58,606 | 4.08 | ||
| Conservative | Barry Farber | 57,437 | 4.00 | ||
| Communist | Kenneth F. Newcombe | 5,300 | 0.37 | ||
| Socialist Workers | Catarino Garza | 3,294 | 0.23 | ||
| United Taxpayers Party | Vito P. Battista | 2,119 | 0.15 | ||
| Independence | Louis P. Wein | 1,127 | 0.08 | ||
| Libertarian | William Lawry | 1,068 | 0.07 | ||
| U.S. Labor | Elijah C. Boyd | 873 | 0.06 | ||
| Majority | 129,463 | 9.02 | |||
| Turnout | 1,435,113 | ||||
- Source: OurCampaigns.com
Results by borough edit
| General Election | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manhattan | The Bronx | Brooklyn | Queens | Staten Island | Total | ||
| Democratic | Edward I. Koch | 184,842 | 116,436 | 204,934 | 191,894 | 19,270 | 717,376 |
| Liberal – Neighborhood Government | Mario M. Cuomo | 77,531 | 87,421 | 173,321 | 208,748 | 40,932 | 587,913 |
| Republican | Roy M. Goodman | 19,321 | 6,102 | 11,491 | 18,460 | 3,229 | 58,606 |
| Conservative | Barry M. Farber | 9,070 | 7,624 | 16,576 | 20,453 | 3,714 | 57,437 |
| others | 4,281 | 1,731 | 3,752 | 3,256 | 761 | 13,781 | |
| 1,435,113 | |||||||
Other vote was: Kenneth F. Newcombe – Communist – 5,300; Catarino Garza – Socialist Workers – 3,294; Vito Battista – United Taxpayers Party – 2,119; Louis Wein – Independent – 1,127; William Lawry – Free Libertarian – 1,068; Elijah Boyd – Labor – 873. Cuomo's total vote included 522,942 Liberal and 64,971 Neighborhood Government.
References edit
- ^ Russell, Mary (December 10, 1975). "Ford Signs Bill To Aid N.Y.C.". The Washington Post. p. B9. ProQuest 146357089.
- ^ a b c d . Daily News. New York. Archived from the original on July 24, 2008.
- ^ Carroll, Maurice (May 15, 1977). "Costikyan Pulls Out of Mayoral Contest and Supports Koch". The New York Times. p. 1. Retrieved October 5, 2018.
- ^ . Gotham Gazette. November 14, 2005. Archived from the original on April 27, 2007. Retrieved July 15, 2007.
- ^ "Paying Their Dues" October 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, Ed Koch, New York Press, May 23, 2007
- ^ "That '70s Show" May 9, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Gotham Gazette, May 9, 2005
- ^ Purnick, Joyce (July 11, 2007). "The '77 Blackout: Inside the Command Center". The New York Times. Retrieved May 20, 2010.
- ^ Koch, Ed (July 10, 2007). "How I Helped Put Juice Back In The Big Apple". New York Post. Archived from the original on September 4, 2012.