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1972 Winter Olympics

June 04, 2023

The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games (Japanese: 第11回オリンピック冬季競技大会, Hepburn: Dai Jūichi-kai Orinpikku Tōkikyōgi Taikai) and commonly known as Sapporo 1972 (Japanese: 札幌1972), was a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.

XI Olympic Winter Games
Emblem of the 1972 Winter Olympics
Host citySapporo, Japan
Nations35
Athletes1,006 (801 men, 205 women)
Events35 in 6 sports (10 disciplines)
OpeningFebruary 3, 1972
ClosingFebruary 13, 1972
Opened by
Emperor Hirohito
Cauldron
Hideki Takada
StadiumMakomanai Open Stadium
Winter
Summer

Host city selection

Main article: Bids for the 1972 Winter Olympics

Sapporo first won the rights to host the 1940 Winter Olympics, but Japan resigned as the Games' host after its 1937 invasion of China. The 1940 Games were later cancelled. All the cities awarded Games that were cancelled due to war have since hosted the Games (London, Tokyo, Helsinki, Sapporo and Cortina d'Ampezzo).

Sapporo competed with Banff, Lahti, and Salt Lake City. The Games were awarded at the 64th IOC Session in Rome, Italy, on April 26, 1966.[1]

In preparation, the Japanese constructed new largescale facilities at Sapporo and conducted a trial run a full year in advance of the Games. An international sport week was held in February, 1971, to assess the city's preparations as well as "to test its civic mettle and hospitality", and this effort was acclaimed by Olympic observers as "a complete success".[2] The development of new infrastructure proved to be a huge boon for the Sapporo economy: by the time of the Games, the national government had invested some US$500 million in upgrades, including a new subway.[2] The Games' organizers themselves turned a healthy profit in part because they arranged a record $8.47 million for broadcast rights.[3]

1972 Winter Olympics bidding result[4]
City Country Round 1
Sapporo   Japan 32
Banff & Calgary   Canada 16
Lahti   Finland 7
Salt Lake City   United States 7

Highlights

 
Official poster for the 1972 Winter Olympics
  • Emperor Hirohito became the third dignitary to open the Olympic Games twice (first time in summer 1964), after Adolf Hitler had done in winter and summer 1936, then Giovanni Gronchi in winter 1956 and summer 1960.
  • Prior to these games, Japan had never won a gold medal, and had won only one medal (silver by Chiharu Igaya in 1956) overall, in the Winter Olympics. The host country's fans in Sapporo were boosted when three Japanese athletes, led by Yukio Kasaya, swept the ski jumping 70 m (current K-90 normal hill) event for gold (Kasaya), silver (Akitsugu Konno), and bronze (Seiji Aochi); those would also be the only medals Japan would earn in these Olympics.
  • Galina Kulakova of the USSR won all three cross-country skiing events for women.
  • Dutch skater Ard Schenk won three gold medals in speed skating.
  • In Women's Alpine Skiing, American Barbara Cochran, one of three siblings on the U.S. Ski Team, became the first U.S. woman since Andrea Mead Lawrence to win a gold medal in skiing when she took first place in the slalom.
  • In Alpine skiing, virtual unknown Swiss Marie-Thérès Nadig won both the downhill and the giant slalom events.
  • Magnar Solberg from Norway was the first repeat winner in the individual 20 km biathlon event, having first won in Grenoble.[5]
  • Spain scored its first Winter gold medal courtesy of slalom skier Francisco Fernández Ochoa. Poland did the same with Wojciech Fortuna winning large hill ski jumping competition.
  • American female speedskaters Anne Henning and Dianne Holum made the United States' best showing in the Winter Games, winning two gold, a silver, and a bronze.[3]
  • Three days before the Games, controversy over amateur status arose when IOC president Avery Brundage threatened to disqualify 40 alpine skiers who received endorsement and other deals. Austrian skier Karl Schranz, who received over $50,000 per year from ski manufacturers, was banned as an example. Meanwhile, Canada refused to send an ice hockey team, maintaining that professional ice hockey players from Communist nations were allowed to compete with no restrictions.[6]
  • On a historical note, these Games are the last where a skier won the gold medal using all-wooden skis. Since this time, top-level cross-country skiers use skis made mostly of fibreglass synthetics.[7]
  • In female Figure skating event, American skater Janet Lynn won not only a bronze medal, but also tremendous popularity among Japanese audiences because of her artistic free program, as to make appearance on the cover of "Olympic Winter Games, Sapporo 1972" photo books published in Japan, and even on Japanese TV commercials later.
  • Luge had its only tie in the history of the Winter Olympics in the men's doubles event.

Venues

Main article: Venues of the 1972 Winter Olympics

1 New facilities constructed in preparation for the Olympic Games. 2 Existing facilities modified or refurbished in preparation for the Olympic Games.

Sports

There were 35 events contested in 6 sports (10 disciplines).

Participating nations

35 nations participated in the 1972 Winter Olympics. The Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan) and the Philippines participated in their first Winter Olympic Games.

Participating National Olympic Committees

Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees

Medal count

Main article: 1972 Winter Olympics medal table

These are the top eleven nations that won medals at these Games. The host nation Japan finished 11th.

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1  Soviet Union85316
2  East Germany43714
3  Switzerland43310
4  Netherlands4329
5  United States3238
6  West Germany3115
7  Norway25512
8  Italy2215
9  Austria1225
10  Sweden1124
11  Japan*1113
Totals (11 entries)33283091

Podium sweeps

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Munich, Sapporo Given Olympics Games for 1972". The Albuquerque Journal. April 27, 1966. p. C2. Retrieved December 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ a b Findling, John E.; Pelle, Kimberly D. (1996). Historical dictionary of the modern Olympic movement. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 285. ISBN 0-313-28477-6. Retrieved May 8, 2012.
  3. ^ a b "70 Years, Many Magical Moments: 1972, Sapporo, Japan". The Washington Post. 1998. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
  4. ^ "Past Olympic host city election results". GamesBids. from the original on January 24, 2011. Retrieved March 17, 2011.
  5. ^ www.Olympic.org
  6. ^ Infoplease-Sapporo
  7. ^ "aolhometown". Archived from the original on June 18, 2007. Retrieved February 6, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1972 Winter Olympics.
  • "Sapporo 1972". Olympics.com. International Olympic Committee.
  • Sapporo 72 February 26, 2008, at the Wayback Machine – Official report, digitized copy online
Winter Olympics
Preceded by XI Olympic Winter Games
Sapporo
1972 		Succeeded by

June 04, 2023
1972, winter, olympics, officially, olympic, winter, games, japanese, 第11回オリンピック冬季競技大会, hepburn, jūichi, orinpikku, tōkikyōgi, taikai, commonly, known, sapporo, 1972, japanese, 札幌1972, winter, multi, sport, event, held, from, february, 1972, sapporo, japan, fi. The 1972 Winter Olympics officially the XI Olympic Winter Games Japanese 第11回オリンピック冬季競技大会 Hepburn Dai Juichi kai Orinpikku Tōkikyōgi Taikai and commonly known as Sapporo 1972 Japanese 札幌1972 was a winter multi sport event held from February 3 to 13 1972 in Sapporo Japan It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America XI Olympic Winter GamesEmblem of the 1972 Winter OlympicsHost citySapporo JapanNations35Athletes1 006 801 men 205 women Events35 in 6 sports 10 disciplines OpeningFebruary 3 1972ClosingFebruary 13 1972Opened byEmperor HirohitoCauldronHideki TakadaStadiumMakomanai Open StadiumWinter Grenoble 1968Innsbruck 1976 Summer Mexico City 1968Munich 1972 Contents 1 Host city selection 2 Highlights 3 Venues 4 Sports 5 Participating nations 5 1 Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees 6 Medal count 6 1 Podium sweeps 7 See also 8 Notes 9 External linksHost city selection EditMain article Bids for the 1972 Winter Olympics Sapporo first won the rights to host the 1940 Winter Olympics but Japan resigned as the Games host after its 1937 invasion of China The 1940 Games were later cancelled All the cities awarded Games that were cancelled due to war have since hosted the Games London Tokyo Helsinki Sapporo and Cortina d Ampezzo Sapporo competed with Banff Lahti and Salt Lake City The Games were awarded at the 64th IOC Session in Rome Italy on April 26 1966 1 In preparation the Japanese constructed new largescale facilities at Sapporo and conducted a trial run a full year in advance of the Games An international sport week was held in February 1971 to assess the city s preparations as well as to test its civic mettle and hospitality and this effort was acclaimed by Olympic observers as a complete success 2 The development of new infrastructure proved to be a huge boon for the Sapporo economy by the time of the Games the national government had invested some US 500 million in upgrades including a new subway 2 The Games organizers themselves turned a healthy profit in part because they arranged a record 8 47 million for broadcast rights 3 1972 Winter Olympics bidding result 4 City Country Round 1Sapporo Japan 32Banff amp Calgary Canada 16Lahti Finland 7Salt Lake City United States 7Highlights Edit Official poster for the 1972 Winter Olympics Emperor Hirohito became the third dignitary to open the Olympic Games twice first time in summer 1964 after Adolf Hitler had done in winter and summer 1936 then Giovanni Gronchi in winter 1956 and summer 1960 Prior to these games Japan had never won a gold medal and had won only one medal silver by Chiharu Igaya in 1956 overall in the Winter Olympics The host country s fans in Sapporo were boosted when three Japanese athletes led by Yukio Kasaya swept the ski jumping 70 m current K 90 normal hill event for gold Kasaya silver Akitsugu Konno and bronze Seiji Aochi those would also be the only medals Japan would earn in these Olympics Galina Kulakova of the USSR won all three cross country skiing events for women Dutch skater Ard Schenk won three gold medals in speed skating In Women s Alpine Skiing American Barbara Cochran one of three siblings on the U S Ski Team became the first U S woman since Andrea Mead Lawrence to win a gold medal in skiing when she took first place in the slalom In Alpine skiing virtual unknown Swiss Marie Theres Nadig won both the downhill and the giant slalom events Magnar Solberg from Norway was the first repeat winner in the individual 20 km biathlon event having first won in Grenoble 5 Spain scored its first Winter gold medal courtesy of slalom skier Francisco Fernandez Ochoa Poland did the same with Wojciech Fortuna winning large hill ski jumping competition American female speedskaters Anne Henning and Dianne Holum made the United States best showing in the Winter Games winning two gold a silver and a bronze 3 Three days before the Games controversy over amateur status arose when IOC president Avery Brundage threatened to disqualify 40 alpine skiers who received endorsement and other deals Austrian skier Karl Schranz who received over 50 000 per year from ski manufacturers was banned as an example Meanwhile Canada refused to send an ice hockey team maintaining that professional ice hockey players from Communist nations were allowed to compete with no restrictions 6 On a historical note these Games are the last where a skier won the gold medal using all wooden skis Since this time top level cross country skiers use skis made mostly of fibreglass synthetics 7 In female Figure skating event American skater Janet Lynn won not only a bronze medal but also tremendous popularity among Japanese audiences because of her artistic free program as to make appearance on the cover of Olympic Winter Games Sapporo 1972 photo books published in Japan and even on Japanese TV commercials later Luge had its only tie in the history of the Winter Olympics in the men s doubles event Venues EditMain article Venues of the 1972 Winter Olympics City venues Makomanai Park Makomanai Speed Skating Rink1 opening ceremonies speed skating Makomanai Ice Arena1 ice hockey figure skating closing ceremonies Olympic village1 Press center1 Makomanai Cross Country Events Site1 cross country skiing Nordic combined cross country skiing Makomanai Biathlon Site1 biathlon Mikaho Indoor Skating Rink1 figure skating Tsukisamu Indoor Skating Rink1 ice hockey Mountain venues Mt Teine Alpine Skiing courses1 alpine skiing slalom giant slalom Mt Teine Bobsleigh Course bobsleigh Mt Teine Luge Course luge Okurayama Jump Hill2 ski jumping large hill Miyanomori Jump Hill1 Nordic combined ski jumping ski jumping normal hill Mount Eniwa Downhill Course1 alpine skiing downhill 1 New facilities constructed in preparation for the Olympic Games 2 Existing facilities modified or refurbished in preparation for the Olympic Games Sports EditThere were 35 events contested in 6 sports 10 disciplines Alpine skiing 6 details Biathlon 2 details Bobsleigh 2 details Cross country skiing 7 details Figure skating 3 details Ice hockey 1 details Luge 3 details Nordic combined 1 details Ski jumping 2 details Speed skating 8 details Participating nations Edit35 nations participated in the 1972 Winter Olympics The Republic of China commonly known as Taiwan and the Philippines participated in their first Winter Olympic Games Participating National Olympic Committees Argentina 2 Australia 4 Austria 40 Belgium 1 Bulgaria 4 Canada 47 Czechoslovakia 41 Finland 50 France 40 East Germany 42 West Germany 78 Great Britain 37 Greece 3 Hungary 1 Iran 4 Italy 44 Japan 85 host North Korea 6 South Korea 5 Lebanon 1 Liechtenstein 4 Mongolia 4 Netherlands 11 New Zealand 2 Norway 67 Philippines 2 Poland 47 Romania 13 Soviet Union 78 Spain 3 Sweden 58 Switzerland 52 Republic of China 5 United States 103 Yugoslavia 26 Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees Edit IOC Country AthletesUSA United States 103JPN Japan 85FRG West Germany 78URS Soviet Union 78NOR Norway 67SWE Sweden 58SUI Switzerland 52FIN Finland 50CAN Canada 47POL Poland 47ITA Italy 44GDR East Germany 42TCH Czechoslovakia 41AUT Austria 40FRA France 40GBR Great Britain 37YUG Yugoslavia 26ROM Romania 13NED Netherlands 11PRK North Korea 6KOR South Korea 5ROC Republic of China 5AUS Australia 4BUL Bulgaria 4IRI Iran 4LIE Liechtenstein 4MGL Mongolia 4GRE Greece 3ESP Spain 3ARG Argentina 2NZL New Zealand 2PHI Philippines 2BEL Belgium 1HUN Hungary 1LIB Lebanon 1Total 1 006Medal count EditMain article 1972 Winter Olympics medal table These are the top eleven nations that won medals at these Games The host nation Japan finished 11th RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal1 Soviet Union853162 East Germany437143 Switzerland433104 Netherlands43295 United States32386 West Germany31157 Norway255128 Italy22159 Austria122510 Sweden112411 Japan 1113Totals 11 entries 33283091Podium sweeps Edit Date Sport Event NOC Gold Silver Bronze6 February Ski jumping Normal hill individual Japan Yukio Kasaya Akitsugu Konno Seiji Aochi7 February Luge Women s singles East Germany Anna Maria Muller Ute Ruhrold Margit Schumann7 February Luge Men s singles East Germany Wolfgang Scheidel Harald Ehrig Wolfram FiedlerSee also Edit Japan portal Olympic Games portal1972 Summer Paralympics 1972 Summer Olympics Olympic Games celebrated in Japan 1964 Summer Olympics Tokyo 1972 Winter Olympics Sapporo 1998 Winter Olympics Nagano 2020 Summer Olympics TokyoList of IOC country codesNotes Edit Munich Sapporo Given Olympics Games for 1972 The Albuquerque Journal April 27 1966 p C2 Retrieved December 8 2022 via Newspapers com a b Findling John E Pelle Kimberly D 1996 Historical dictionary of the modern Olympic movement Westport CT Greenwood Publishing Group p 285 ISBN 0 313 28477 6 Retrieved May 8 2012 a b 70 Years Many Magical Moments 1972 Sapporo Japan The Washington Post 1998 Retrieved December 8 2022 Past Olympic host city election results GamesBids Archived from the original on January 24 2011 Retrieved March 17 2011 www Olympic org Infoplease Sapporo aolhometown Archived from the original on June 18 2007 Retrieved February 6 2008 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1972 Winter Olympics Sapporo 1972 Olympics com International Olympic Committee Sapporo 72 Archived February 26 2008 at the Wayback Machine Official report digitized copy online The program of the 1972 Sapporo Winter OlympicsWinter OlympicsPreceded byGrenoble XI Olympic Winter GamesSapporo1972 Succeeded byInnsbruck Portals Olympics Japan Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1972 Winter Olympics amp oldid 1146321457, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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