As a former Confederate state, North Carolina had a history of Jim Crow laws, disfranchisement of its African-American population and dominance of the Democratic Party in state politics. However, unlike the Deep South, the Republican Party always had sufficient historic Unionist white support from the mountains and northwestern Piedmont to gain minimally one-quarter and usually one-third of the statewide vote in general elections,[3] where turnout was higher than elsewhere in the former Confederacy due substantially to the state's early abolition of the poll tax in 1920.[4] Like Virginia, Tennessee and Oklahoma, the relative strength of Republican opposition meant that North Carolina never had statewide white primaries, although certain counties did use a white primary until it was banned by Smith v. Allwright.[5]
Following the banning of white primaries by the Supreme Court, North Carolina in 1948 offered less support to the Dixiecrat bolt than any other former Confederate state, due to the economic liberalism of its Black Belt and solid Democratic party discipline due to consistent Republican opposition.[6] Although there was little satisfaction with Harry S. Truman during his second term,[7] the loyalty of the white voters of the state’s Black Belt and the previously anti-Al SmithOuter Banks meant that unlike Texas, Florida and Virginia, urban middle-class Republican voting was inadequate to carry North Carolina for Dwight D. Eisenhower in either 1952[8] or 1956. Aiding this failure was that the growing urban black electorate, which had increased from under ten percent of voting-age blacks in 1940 to about a quarter in 1956,[9] was much more favourable to Adlai Stevenson II than in other former Confederate states.[a] In the 1958 midterm elections, Republicans in the state legislature were reduced to their lowest ever representation of five seats, although Charles R. Jonas did hold the Tenth District.
North Carolina would largely escape the overt “Massive Resistance” seen in neighbouring Virginia,[11] and four of its congressmen did not sign the Southern Manifesto.[12] Nonetheless, although the Greensboro school board voted 6–1 to desegregate within a day of Brown,[13] no serious desegregation would occur until well into the 1960s, while two non-signers would be challenged and defeated in 1956 primaries.[b] With the likely nomination of Massachusetts SenatorJohn F. Kennedy to counter Eisenhower’s Catholic appeal in the Northeast,[14] speculation emerged that the anti-Catholicism that turned North Carolina Republican in 1928 would again become a powerful force,[15] and many Baptist pastors in the state did raise the religious issue.[16]
During 1960, the state would be affected by the Greensboro sit-ins. Dissatisfaction with the Democratic Party on civil rights, as well as support for him amongst certain anti-Catholic groups, meant that incumbent Vice-President and Republican nominee Richard Nixon gained an enthusiastic reception when touring the state early in his fall campaign.[17] Polls in mid-October however favoured Kennedy,[18] and they continued to do so in the fourth week of the month.[19]
Despite suspected hostility the state towards Kennedy’s Catholicism, only in the traditionally Democratic parts of Appalachia and the previously extremely solid eastern part of the state did Kennedy decline upon Adlai Stevenson II’s 1956 performance,[20] whilst Kennedy even gained in the Outer Banks where 1928 anti-Catholicism had been strongest. At the same time, the collapse of a long-standing political machine during the 1950s meant that Madison County, previously one of the strongest Republican bastions in the state, voted Democratic for the first time since 1876,[23] whilst nearby Haywood County and Jackson County were the only counties to flip from Stevenson to Nixon.
Kennedy was helped crucially by the increasing black voter registration that was totalling almost a third of the voting-age black population at the time of the election: it is estimated he received about seven-eighths of black voters in the urban precincts where they were concentrated,[10] producing a substantial part of his sixty thousand vote statewide majority.
Notesedit
^It is estimated that in 1956 Eisenhower gained under forty percent of black voters in major North Carolina cities, whereas he gained over seventy percent in Atlanta and Richmond and over half in Memphis.[10]
^Key, Valdimer Orlando (1949). Southern Politics in State and Nation. Alfred A. Knopf. p. 502.
^Klarman, Michael J. (2001). "The White Primary Rulings: A Case Study in the Consequences of Supreme Court Decision-Making". Florida State University Law Review. 29: 55–107.
^Guthrie, Paul Daniel (August 1955). The Dixiecrat Movement of 1948 (Thesis). Bowling Green State University. p. 183. Docket 144207.
^Grayson, A.G. (December 1975). "North Carolina and Harry Truman, 1944-1948". Journal of American Studies. 9 (3): 283–300.
^Strong, Donald S. (August 1955). "The Presidential Election in the South, 1952". The Journal of Politics. 17 (3): 343–389.
^ abPhillips. The Emerging Republican Majority, p. 299
^Christensen. The paradox of Tar Heel politics, pp. 155-156
^ abBadger, Tony (1999). "Southerners Who Refused To Sign the Southern Manifesto". The Historical Journal. Cambridge University Press. 42 (2): 528–532.
^ ab"NC US President Race, November 08, 1960". Our Campaigns.
^"1960 Presidential General Election Results – North Carolina". Retrieved June 8, 2017.
^"The American Presidency Project — Election of 1960". Retrieved June 8, 2017.
^Menendez, Albert J. (2005). The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. p. 88. ISBN0786422173.
November 20, 2023
1960, united, states, presidential, election, north, carolina, main, article, 1960, united, states, presidential, election, took, place, november, 1960, part, 1960, united, states, presidential, election, north, carolina, voters, chose, representatives, electo. Main article 1960 United States presidential election The 1960 United States presidential election in North Carolina took place on November 8 1960 as part of the 1960 United States presidential election North Carolina voters chose 14 2 representatives or electors to the Electoral College who voted for president and vice president 1960 United States presidential election in North Carolina 1956 November 8 1960 1 1964 All 14 North Carolina votes to the Electoral College Nominee John F Kennedy Richard NixonParty Democratic RepublicanHome state Massachusetts CaliforniaRunning mate Lyndon B Johnson Henry Cabot Lodge Jr Electoral vote 14 0Popular vote 713 136 655 420Percentage 52 11 47 89 County resultsCongressional district resultsKennedy 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 Nixon 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 President before electionDwight D EisenhowerRepublican Elected President John F KennedyDemocraticAs a former Confederate state North Carolina had a history of Jim Crow laws disfranchisement of its African American population and dominance of the Democratic Party in state politics However unlike the Deep South the Republican Party always had sufficient historic Unionist white support from the mountains and northwestern Piedmont to gain minimally one quarter and usually one third of the statewide vote in general elections 3 where turnout was higher than elsewhere in the former Confederacy due substantially to the state s early abolition of the poll tax in 1920 4 Like Virginia Tennessee and Oklahoma the relative strength of Republican opposition meant that North Carolina never had statewide white primaries although certain counties did use a white primary until it was banned by Smith v Allwright 5 Following the banning of white primaries by the Supreme Court North Carolina in 1948 offered less support to the Dixiecrat bolt than any other former Confederate state due to the economic liberalism of its Black Belt and solid Democratic party discipline due to consistent Republican opposition 6 Although there was little satisfaction with Harry S Truman during his second term 7 the loyalty of the white voters of the state s Black Belt and the previously anti Al Smith Outer Banks meant that unlike Texas Florida and Virginia urban middle class Republican voting was inadequate to carry North Carolina for Dwight D Eisenhower in either 1952 8 or 1956 Aiding this failure was that the growing urban black electorate which had increased from under ten percent of voting age blacks in 1940 to about a quarter in 1956 9 was much more favourable to Adlai Stevenson II than in other former Confederate states a In the 1958 midterm elections Republicans in the state legislature were reduced to their lowest ever representation of five seats although Charles R Jonas did hold the Tenth District North Carolina would largely escape the overt Massive Resistance seen in neighbouring Virginia 11 and four of its congressmen did not sign the Southern Manifesto 12 Nonetheless although the Greensboro school board voted 6 1 to desegregate within a day of Brown 13 no serious desegregation would occur until well into the 1960s while two non signers would be challenged and defeated in 1956 primaries b With the likely nomination of Massachusetts Senator John F Kennedy to counter Eisenhower s Catholic appeal in the Northeast 14 speculation emerged that the anti Catholicism that turned North Carolina Republican in 1928 would again become a powerful force 15 and many Baptist pastors in the state did raise the religious issue 16 During 1960 the state would be affected by the Greensboro sit ins Dissatisfaction with the Democratic Party on civil rights as well as support for him amongst certain anti Catholic groups meant that incumbent Vice President and Republican nominee Richard Nixon gained an enthusiastic reception when touring the state early in his fall campaign 17 Polls in mid October however favoured Kennedy 18 and they continued to do so in the fourth week of the month 19 Contents 1 Results 1 1 Results by county 2 Analysis 3 Notes 4 ReferencesResults edit1960 United States presidential election in North Carolina Party Candidate Votes Democratic John F Kennedy 713 136 52 11 Republican Richard Nixon 655 420 47 89 Total votes 1 368 556 100 Results by county edit 1960 United States presidential election in North Carolina by county 20 County John F KennedyDemocratic Richard NixonRepublican Margin Martin 88 77 5 826 11 23 737 77 54 5 089Northampton 87 52 4 756 12 48 678 75 05 4 078Greene 87 27 3 092 12 73 451 74 54 2 641Bertie 86 45 3 682 13 55 577 72 90 3 105Franklin 82 10 5 081 17 90 1 108 64 19 3 973Warren 80 69 2 997 19 31 717 61 39 2 280Gates 80 09 1 549 19 91 385 60 19 1 164Hertford 79 90 3 105 20 10 781 59 80 2 324Halifax 79 11 8 872 20 89 2 343 58 22 6 529Pitt 78 37 12 526 21 63 3 458 56 73 9 068Chowan 78 27 1 920 21 73 533 56 54 1 387Currituck 78 06 1 651 21 94 464 56 12 1 187Hoke 77 94 2 106 22 06 596 55 88 1 510Edgecombe 77 93 8 046 22 07 2 279 55 85 5 767Jones 76 65 1 920 23 35 585 53 29 1 335Robeson 76 45 11 623 23 55 3 580 52 90 8 043Camden 75 00 1 014 25 00 338 50 00 676Columbus 74 10 10 455 25 90 3 655 48 19 6 800Scotland 74 01 3 643 25 99 1 279 48 03 2 364Vance 73 89 5 694 26 11 2 012 47 78 3 682Granville 73 34 4 945 26 66 1 798 46 67 3 147Tyrrell 72 63 926 27 37 349 45 25 577Nash 72 14 10 086 27 86 3 896 44 27 6 190Anson 72 07 4 120 27 93 1 597 44 13 2 523Wilson 72 03 8 021 27 97 3 114 44 07 4 907Richmond 71 63 8 293 28 37 3 285 43 25 5 008Pasquotank 71 26 4 530 28 74 1 827 42 52 2 703Duplin 71 11 7 269 28 89 2 953 42 22 4 316Hyde 70 45 1 147 29 55 481 40 91 666Washington 70 16 2 415 29 84 1 027 40 33 1 388Bladen 70 13 4 353 29 87 1 854 40 26 2 499Perquimans 69 62 1 460 30 38 637 39 25 823Beaufort 69 15 6 039 30 85 2 694 38 30 3 345Person 69 09 4 305 30 91 1 926 38 18 2 379Caswell 69 01 2 832 30 99 1 272 38 01 1 560Lenoir 68 96 8 126 31 04 3 658 37 92 4 468Pender 68 29 2 744 31 71 1 274 36 59 1 470Onslow 66 43 5 564 33 57 2 812 32 86 2 752Craven 66 05 7 158 33 95 3 680 32 09 3 478Union 64 72 7 393 35 28 4 030 29 44 3 363Lee 64 58 4 673 35 42 2 563 29 16 2 110Pamlico 61 53 1 697 38 47 1 061 23 06 636Harnett 59 82 7 892 40 18 5 301 19 64 2 591Johnston 59 82 9 914 40 18 6 660 19 63 3 254Brunswick 59 63 4 305 40 37 2 915 19 25 1 390Cumberland 58 97 11 601 41 03 8 072 17 94 3 529Wayne 58 93 7 856 41 07 5 474 17 87 2 382Wake 58 56 26 050 41 44 18 436 17 12 7 614Orange 57 85 7 180 42 15 5 231 15 70 1 949New Hanover 57 42 13 182 42 58 9 775 14 84 3 407Durham 57 40 19 298 42 60 14 322 14 80 4 976Cleveland 56 08 10 545 43 92 8 257 12 17 2 288Rockingham 54 24 11 207 45 76 9 456 8 47 1 751Dare 54 10 1 247 45 90 1 058 8 20 189Carteret 53 95 5 264 46 05 4 493 7 90 771Chatham 52 09 4 683 47 91 4 308 4 17 375Alleghany 51 74 2 121 48 26 1 978 3 49 143Sampson 50 98 7 632 49 02 7 338 1 96 294Madison 50 69 4 546 49 31 4 422 1 38 124Swain 50 69 2 171 49 31 2 112 1 38 59Yancey 50 20 3 310 49 80 3 284 0 39 26Lincoln 49 68 6 728 50 32 6 816 0 65 88Jackson 49 26 3 900 50 74 4 017 1 48 117Polk 49 16 2 762 50 84 2 856 1 67 94Moore 48 83 5 548 51 17 5 815 2 35 267Rutherford 48 75 8 554 51 25 8 993 2 50 439Alexander 48 65 3 956 51 35 4 175 2 69 219Gaston 48 61 20 104 51 39 21 250 2 77 1 146Haywood 48 38 8 044 51 62 8 583 3 24 539Ashe 48 14 4 477 51 86 4 823 3 72 346Stokes 47 94 4 487 52 06 4 872 4 11 385Alamance 47 86 13 599 52 14 14 818 4 29 1 219Montgomery 47 47 3 297 52 53 3 649 5 07 352Buncombe 45 39 23 303 54 61 28 040 9 23 4 737Macon 45 34 3 098 54 66 3 735 9 32 637Mecklenburg 44 93 39 362 55 07 48 250 10 14 8 888Surry 44 92 8 185 55 08 10 035 10 15 1 850Transylvania 44 53 3 388 55 47 4 221 10 95 833McDowell 44 30 4 889 55 70 6 148 11 41 1 259Graham 43 68 1 335 56 32 1 721 12 63 386Burke 43 66 10 015 56 34 12 925 12 69 2 910Clay 43 27 1 264 56 73 1 657 13 45 393Caldwell 43 02 8 722 56 98 11 553 13 96 2 831Stanly 42 71 8 259 57 29 11 080 14 59 2 821Cherokee 42 68 3 197 57 32 4 294 14 64 1 097Iredell 42 61 8 973 57 39 12 085 14 78 3 112Guilford 42 43 30 486 57 57 41 357 15 13 10 871Rowan 42 16 12 919 57 84 17 726 15 69 4 807Forsyth 41 87 24 035 58 13 33 374 16 27 9 339Catawba 41 35 13 491 58 65 19 135 17 30 5 644Davidson 41 10 13 118 58 90 18 797 17 79 5 679Watauga 40 66 3 440 59 34 5 020 18 68 1 580Randolph 38 30 9 789 61 70 15 772 23 41 5 983Wilkes 38 02 7 986 61 98 13 016 23 95 5 030Cabarrus 35 64 8 680 64 36 15 678 28 73 6 998Davie 34 04 2 471 65 96 4 788 31 92 2 317Henderson 29 85 4 611 70 15 10 835 40 30 6 224Yadkin 27 70 2 785 72 30 7 268 44 59 4 483Avery 20 05 1 047 79 95 4 176 59 91 3 129Mitchell 19 55 1 174 80 45 4 831 60 90 3 657Analysis editNorth Carolina was won by Kennedy D Massachusetts running with Senator Lyndon B Johnson with 52 11 percent of the popular vote against Nixon s 47 89 percent 21 22 Despite suspected hostility the state towards Kennedy s Catholicism only in the traditionally Democratic parts of Appalachia and the previously extremely solid eastern part of the state did Kennedy decline upon Adlai Stevenson II s 1956 performance 20 whilst Kennedy even gained in the Outer Banks where 1928 anti Catholicism had been strongest At the same time the collapse of a long standing political machine during the 1950s meant that Madison County previously one of the strongest Republican bastions in the state voted Democratic for the first time since 1876 23 whilst nearby Haywood County and Jackson County were the only counties to flip from Stevenson to Nixon Kennedy was helped crucially by the increasing black voter registration that was totalling almost a third of the voting age black population at the time of the election it is estimated he received about seven eighths of black voters in the urban precincts where they were concentrated 10 producing a substantial part of his sixty thousand vote statewide majority Notes edit It is estimated that in 1956 Eisenhower gained under forty percent of black voters in major North Carolina cities whereas he gained over seventy percent in Atlanta and Richmond and over half in Memphis 10 These were Charles B Deane and Richard Thurmond Chatham 12 References edit United States Presidential election of 1960 Encyclopaedia Britannica Retrieved June 8 2017 1960 Election for the Forty Fourth Term 1961 65 Retrieved June 8 2017 Phillips Kevin P The Emerging Republican Majority pp 210 242 ISBN 978 0 691 16324 6 Key Valdimer Orlando 1949 Southern Politics in State and Nation Alfred A Knopf p 502 Klarman Michael J 2001 The White Primary Rulings A Case Study in the Consequences of Supreme Court Decision Making Florida State University Law Review 29 55 107 Guthrie Paul Daniel August 1955 The Dixiecrat Movement of 1948 Thesis Bowling Green State University p 183 Docket 144207 Grayson A G December 1975 North Carolina and Harry Truman 1944 1948 Journal of American Studies 9 3 283 300 Strong Donald S August 1955 The Presidential Election in the South 1952 The Journal of Politics 17 3 343 389 Christensen Rob 2008 The paradox of Tar Heel politics the personalities elections and events that shaped modern North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina University of North Carolina Press pp 264 265 ISBN 9780807831892 a b Phillips The Emerging Republican Majority p 299 Christensen The paradox of Tar Heel politics pp 155 156 a b Badger Tony 1999 Southerners Who Refused To Sign the Southern Manifesto The Historical Journal Cambridge University Press 42 2 528 532 Telgen Diane 2005 Brown v Board of Education Detroit Michigan Omnigraphics p 78 ISBN 9780780807754 Phillips The Emerging Republican Majority pp 169 174 Phillips The Emerging Republican Majority p 221 Menendez Albert J 2011 The religious factor in the 1960 Presidential election an analysis of the Kennedy victory over anti Catholic prejudice Jefferson North Carolina McFarland amp Company p 32 ISBN 9780786460373 White Theodore Harold 1961 The making of the President 1960 New York City Atheneum Publishers pp 250 268 271 Alsop Joseph October 16 1960 Dixie Democrats Feel Better and Thank You The Nashville Tennessean p 5 B Poindexter Jesse October 22 1960 Senator Jackson Says Kennedy Has Won Winston Salem Journal Winston Salem North Carolina pp 1 3 a b NC US President Race November 08 1960 Our Campaigns 1960 Presidential General Election Results North Carolina Retrieved June 8 2017 The American Presidency Project Election of 1960 Retrieved June 8 2017 Menendez Albert J 2005 The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States 1868 2004 Jefferson North Carolina McFarland amp Company p 88 ISBN 0786422173 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1960 United States presidential election in North Carolina amp oldid 1180792007, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
