"Small" tornado affected a couple of farmsteads, destroying several barns and farmhouses. Eight people were injured and losses totaled $23,000.[14][15]
Tornado damaged or destroyed 30 homes and a school, the latter of which partly collapsed, injuring five students out of 106. Cultivated and forested lands were heavily damaged. 20 people were injured and losses totaled $75,000.[14][15]
1 death – Tornado wrecked the village of French, destroying or damaging every structure, including two stores and three homes. An eight-room home was shorn of all but a single floorboard. 25 people were injured and losses totaled $15,000.[14][15]
"Tornado-like" circulation, up to 1 mi (1.6 km; 1,600 m; 1,800 yd) wide, produced intermittent damage to crops, windows, and homes. Some homes were reportedly unroofed. Losses totaled $1,300.[15][16]
The 1927 St. Louis–East St. Louis tornado was a powerful and devastating tornado that struck St. Louis, Missouri, on Thursday, September 29, 1927, at about 1:00 p.m. local standard time. The tornado is estimated to have reached at least F3 and possible F4 intensity on the Fujita scale. The 2nd deadliest tornado to occur in the St. Louis metropolitan area, it caused 79 deaths—though totals vary from 72 to 84—and injured more than 550 people within a 7-to-12-mile-long (11 to 19 km), 100-to-600-yard-wide (91 to 549 m) path. At one time it was the second-costliest tornado in U.S. history. More than 200 city blocks were destroyed. St. Louis University High School was hit hard. The student chapel's roof collapsed, the gym's (now main offices) roof was damaged, an entire classroom caved in on a class, and other classrooms were damaged. All the windows were smashed. Luckily, no one was killed or badly injured. The tornado caused $150,000 in damage to the school.[17][18][19][20][21][22][23]
^ abAll losses are in 1927 USD unless otherwise noted.
^An outbreak is generally defined as a group of at least six tornadoes (the number sometimes varies slightly according to local climatology) with no more than a six-hour gap between individual tornadoes. An outbreak sequence, prior to (after) the start of modern records in 1950, is defined as a period of no more than two (one) consecutive days without at least one significant (F2 or stronger) tornado.[4]
^The Fujita scale was devised under the aegis of scientist T. Theodore Fujita in the early 1970s. Prior to the advent of the scale in 1971, tornadoes in the United States were officially unrated.[5][6] While the Fujita scale has been superseded by the Enhanced Fujita scale in the U.S. since February 1, 2007,[7] Canada used the old scale until April 1, 2013;[8] nations elsewhere, like the United Kingdom, apply other classifications such as the TORRO scale.[9]
^Historically, the number of tornadoes globally and in the United States was and is likely underrepresented: research by Grazulis on annual tornado activity suggests that, as of 2001, only 53% of yearly U.S. tornadoes were officially recorded. Documentation of tornadoes outside the United States was historically less exhaustive, owing to the lack of monitors in many nations and, in some cases, to internal political controls on public information.[10] Most countries only recorded tornadoes that produced severe damage or loss of life.[11] Significant low biases in U.S. tornado counts likely occurred through the early 1990s, when advanced NEXRAD was first installed and the National Weather Service began comprehensively verifying tornado occurrences.[12]
^All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time and dates are split at midnight CST/CDT for consistency.
^Prior to 1994, only the average widths of tornado paths were officially listed.[13]
^. National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office St. Louis, MO. St. Charles, Missouri: National Weather Service. January 7, 2012. Archived from the original on October 22, 2012. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
^Schneider, Russell S.; Brooks, Harold E.; Schaefer, Joseph T. (2004). Tornado Outbreak Day Sequences: Historic Events and Climatology (1875–2003)(PDF). 22nd Conf. Severe Local Storms. Hyannis, Massachusetts: American Meteorological Society. Retrieved September 17, 2019.
^Edwards, Roger (March 5, 2015). "Enhanced F Scale for Tornado Damage". The Online Tornado FAQ (by Roger Edwards, SPC). Storm Prediction Center. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
^. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Environment and Climate Change Canada. June 6, 2013. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
^. Tornado and Storm Research Organisation. Tornado and Storm Research Organisation. 2016. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved February 25, 2016.
^Grazulis, Thomas P.; Grazulis, Doris (April 26, 2000). . The Tornado Project. St. Johnsbury, Vermont: Environmental Films. Archived from the original on May 14, 2008. Retrieved August 18, 2021.
^. Archived from the original on October 27, 2012. Retrieved September 30, 2020.
^O'Neil, Tim. "Sept. 29, 1927: The 2nd deadliest storm to ever hit St. Louis". Retrieved September 15, 2017.
^"Weather Trivia". National Weather Service. March 24, 2015. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
^"septrivia". National Weather Service. March 18, 2015. Retrieved September 29, 2020.
^"Missouri Climate Center". climate.missouri.edu. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Sources
Brooks, Harold E. (April 2004). "On the Relationship of Tornado Path Length and Width to Intensity". Weather and Forecasting. Boston: American Meteorological Society. 19 (2): 310–19. Bibcode:2004WtFor..19..310B. doi:10.1175/1520-0434(2004)019<0310:OTROTP>2.0.CO;2.
Brooks, Harold E.; Doswell III, Charles A. (February 2001). "Normalized Damage from Major Tornadoes in the United States: 1890–1999". Weather and Forecasting. American Meteorological Society. 16 (1): 168–76. Bibcode:2001WtFor..16..168B. doi:10.1175/1520-0434(2001)016<0168:NDFMTI>2.0.CO;2.
Cook, A. R.; Schaefer, J. T. (August 2008). Written at Norman, Oklahoma. "The Relation of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to Winter Tornado Outbreaks". Monthly Weather Review. Boston: American Meteorological Society. 136 (8): 3135. Bibcode:2008MWRv..136.3121C. doi:10.1175/2007MWR2171.1. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
tornado, outbreak, september, 1927, thursday, september, 1927, outbreak, least, significant, tornadoes, including, three, tornadoes, killed, least, people, central, united, states, particularly, missouri, illinois, outbreak, affected, broad, expanse, midwester. On Thursday September 29 1927 an outbreak of at least 15 significant tornadoes including three F3 tornadoes killed at least 82 people in the Central United States particularly in Missouri and Illinois The outbreak affected a broad expanse of the Midwestern and Southern United States including Oklahoma Missouri Arkansas Iowa Illinois and Indiana The deadliest tornado was an estimated F3 which affected portions of Greater St Louis killing at least 79 people and injuring at least 550 others The tornado narrowly missed Downtown St Louis striking north of the central business district before crossing the Mississippi River 1 2 3 nb 2 nb 3 nb 4 Tornado outbreak of September 29 1927Damage from an F3 tornado along Enright Avenue in St LouisDurationSeptember 29 1927Tornadoesconfirmed15 confirmedMax rating1F3 tornadoFatalities 82 fatalities 620 injuriesDamage 53 213 700 1927 USD nb 1 830 million 2023 USD Areas affectedMidwestern and Southern United StatesPart of the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 19271Most severe tornado damage see Fujita scale Contents 1 Confirmed tornadoes 1 1 September 29 event 1 2 St Louis Missouri East St Louis Illinois 2 See also 3 Notes 4 References 5 SourcesConfirmed tornadoes EditConfirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating FU F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 Total4 8 3 0 0 15September 29 event Edit Confirmed tornadoes Thursday September 29 1927 nb 5 nb 6 F Location County Parish State Time UTC Path length Max width SummaryF2 NW of Checotah McIntosh OK 13 00 1 mile 1 6 km 400 yards 370 m Small tornado affected a couple of farmsteads destroying several barns and farmhouses Eight people were injured and losses totaled 23 000 14 15 F2 Rudy to SE of Mountainburg Crawford AR 15 29 7 miles 11 km 100 yards 91 m Tornado damaged or destroyed 30 homes and a school the latter of which partly collapsed injuring five students out of 106 Cultivated and forested lands were heavily damaged 20 people were injured and losses totaled 75 000 14 15 F2 SE of Audubon Audubon IA 18 00 6 miles 9 7 km 100 yards 91 m Tornado affected five farmsteads destroying several barns Losses totaled 4 000 14 15 F2 Brookfield Linn MO 18 15 Un known Un known Tornado destroyed a barn Losses totaled 400 14 15 F3 Southern Webster Groves MO to N of Downtown St Louis MO to Granite City IL St Louis MO Madison IL MO IL 18 50 12 miles 19 km 600 yards 550 m 79 deaths See section on this tornado 550 people were injured and losses totaled 53 million FU Menlo Guthrie IA 19 30 2 miles 3 2 km Un known Tornado downed structures utility wires and trees Losses totaled 5 000 15 F3 French to S of Mammoth Spring Fulton AR 20 00 15 miles 24 km 150 yards 140 m 1 death Tornado wrecked the village of French destroying or damaging every structure including two stores and three homes An eight room home was shorn of all but a single floorboard 25 people were injured and losses totaled 15 000 14 15 F2 S of Morrisonville Christian IL 20 00 1 mile 1 6 km 100 yards 91 m Tornado unroofed a home and destroyed a large barn nearby 14 FU Doniphan Ripley MO 21 00 10 miles 16 km Un known Tornado like circulation up to 1 mi 1 6 km 1 600 m 1 800 yd wide produced intermittent damage to crops windows and homes Some homes were reportedly unroofed Losses totaled 1 300 15 16 F3 Northeastern Cowden Shelby IL 21 00 12 miles 19 km 200 yards 180 m 2 deaths Tornado destroyed a brick home killing a couple inside Three people were injured and losses totaled 10 000 15 14 F2 W of Corning AR to Broseley MO Clay AR Butler MO AR MO 22 00 30 miles 48 km 400 yards 370 m Tornado destroyed or damaged 16 homes in Missouri injuring 11 people in the state 14 F2 NE of Chrisman IL to IN Edgar IL Vermillion IN IL IN 23 00 12 miles 19 km 100 yards 91 m Tornado destroyed or damaged several barns Three people were injured and losses totaled 15 000 14 FU Conlogue Edgar IL 02 30 Un known Un known Tornado reported 15 F2 Northern Lurton Newton AR 04 00 1 mile 1 6 km Un known Pair of tornadoes reportedly destroyed timberland a home and a school 14 15 FU Cates Fountain IN Un known Un known Un known Tornado formed from the same storm as the Chrisman F2 Losses totaled 65 000 15 St Louis Missouri East St Louis Illinois Edit St Louis Missouri East St Louis IllinoisF3 tornado Damage on McPherson Avenue in St LouisFormedSeptember 29 192712 50 p m CST UTC 06 00 St Louis County MissouriMax rating1F3 tornadoFatalities72 79 fatalities 550 injuredDamage 22 million 1927 USD 14 nb 1 343 million 2023 USD Areas affectedGreater St Louis1Most severe tornado damage see Fujita scaleThe 1927 St Louis East St Louis tornado was a powerful and devastating tornado that struck St Louis Missouri on Thursday September 29 1927 at about 1 00 p m local standard time The tornado is estimated to have reached at least F3 and possible F4 intensity on the Fujita scale The 2nd deadliest tornado to occur in the St Louis metropolitan area it caused 79 deaths though totals vary from 72 to 84 and injured more than 550 people within a 7 to 12 mile long 11 to 19 km 100 to 600 yard wide 91 to 549 m path At one time it was the second costliest tornado in U S history More than 200 city blocks were destroyed St Louis University High School was hit hard The student chapel s roof collapsed the gym s now main offices roof was damaged an entire classroom caved in on a class and other classrooms were damaged All the windows were smashed Luckily no one was killed or badly injured The tornado caused 150 000 in damage to the school 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 See also EditList of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks List of North American tornadoes and tornado outbreaks List of tornadoes striking downtown areas of large cities 1871 St Louis tornado 1896 St Louis East St Louis tornado St Louis tornado outbreak of February 1959 St Louis tornado historyNotes Edit a b All losses are in 1927 USD unless otherwise noted An outbreak is generally defined as a group of at least six tornadoes the number sometimes varies slightly according to local climatology with no more than a six hour gap between individual tornadoes An outbreak sequence prior to after the start of modern records in 1950 is defined as a period of no more than two one consecutive days without at least one significant F2 or stronger tornado 4 The Fujita scale was devised under the aegis of scientist T Theodore Fujita in the early 1970s Prior to the advent of the scale in 1971 tornadoes in the United States were officially unrated 5 6 While the Fujita scale has been superseded by the Enhanced Fujita scale in the U S since February 1 2007 7 Canada used the old scale until April 1 2013 8 nations elsewhere like the United Kingdom apply other classifications such as the TORRO scale 9 Historically the number of tornadoes globally and in the United States was and is likely underrepresented research by Grazulis on annual tornado activity suggests that as of 2001 only 53 of yearly U S tornadoes were officially recorded Documentation of tornadoes outside the United States was historically less exhaustive owing to the lack of monitors in many nations and in some cases to internal political controls on public information 10 Most countries only recorded tornadoes that produced severe damage or loss of life 11 Significant low biases in U S tornado counts likely occurred through the early 1990s when advanced NEXRAD was first installed and the National Weather Service began comprehensively verifying tornado occurrences 12 All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down however all times are in Coordinated Universal Time and dates are split at midnight CST CDT for consistency Prior to 1994 only the average widths of tornado paths were officially listed 13 References Edit Written at St Louis St Louis Tornado Dead Total 84 Injured 671 The Decatur Review Decatur Illinois Associated Press September 30 1927 Retrieved September 28 2021 WFO St Louis CWA Tornado Climatology National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office St Louis MO St Charles Missouri National Weather Service January 5 2011 Archived from the original on October 22 2012 Retrieved September 28 2021 Violent F4 F5 Tornadoes in the NWS St Louis County Warning Area National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office St Louis MO St Charles Missouri National Weather Service January 7 2012 Archived from the original on October 22 2012 Retrieved September 28 2021 Schneider Russell S Brooks Harold E Schaefer Joseph T 2004 Tornado Outbreak Day Sequences Historic Events and Climatology 1875 2003 PDF 22nd Conf Severe Local Storms Hyannis Massachusetts American Meteorological Society Retrieved September 17 2019 Grazulis 1993 p 141 Grazulis 2001a p 131 Edwards Roger March 5 2015 Enhanced F Scale for Tornado Damage The Online Tornado FAQ by Roger Edwards SPC Storm Prediction Center Retrieved February 25 2016 Enhanced Fujita Scale EF Scale Environment and Climate Change Canada Environment and Climate Change Canada June 6 2013 Archived from the original on March 3 2016 Retrieved February 25 2016 The International Tornado Intensity Scale Tornado and Storm Research Organisation Tornado and Storm Research Organisation 2016 Archived from the original on March 5 2016 Retrieved February 25 2016 Grazulis 2001a pp 251 4 Edwards Roger March 5 2015 The Online Tornado FAQ by Roger Edwards SPC Storm Prediction Center Frequently Asked Questions about Tornadoes Storm Prediction Center Retrieved February 25 2016 Cook amp Schaefer 2008 p 3135 Brooks 2004 p 310 a b c d e f g h i j k Grazulis 1993 p 814 a b c d e f g h i j k USWB 1927 p 424 Reeder 1927 p 40 sfn error no target CITEREFReeder1927 help Brooks amp Doswell III 2001 pp 168 76 Grazulis Thomas P Grazulis Doris April 26 2000 The United States Worst Tornadoes The Tornado Project St Johnsbury Vermont Environmental Films Archived from the original on May 14 2008 Retrieved August 18 2021 September 29 1927 Tornado Archived from the original on October 27 2012 Retrieved September 30 2020 O Neil Tim Sept 29 1927 The 2nd deadliest storm to ever hit St Louis Retrieved September 15 2017 Weather Trivia National Weather Service March 24 2015 Retrieved September 29 2020 septrivia National Weather Service March 18 2015 Retrieved September 29 2020 Missouri Climate Center climate missouri edu Retrieved September 15 2017 Sources EditBrooks Harold E April 2004 On the Relationship of Tornado Path Length and Width to Intensity Weather and Forecasting Boston American Meteorological Society 19 2 310 19 Bibcode 2004WtFor 19 310B doi 10 1175 1520 0434 2004 019 lt 0310 OTROTP gt 2 0 CO 2 Brooks Harold E Doswell III Charles A February 2001 Normalized Damage from Major Tornadoes in the United States 1890 1999 Weather and Forecasting American Meteorological Society 16 1 168 76 Bibcode 2001WtFor 16 168B doi 10 1175 1520 0434 2001 016 lt 0168 NDFMTI gt 2 0 CO 2 Cook A R Schaefer J T August 2008 Written at Norman Oklahoma The Relation of El Nino Southern Oscillation ENSO to Winter Tornado Outbreaks Monthly Weather Review Boston American Meteorological Society 136 8 3135 Bibcode 2008MWRv 136 3121C doi 10 1175 2007MWR2171 1 Retrieved April 4 2021 Grazulis Thomas P July 1993 Significant Tornadoes 1680 1991 A Chronology and Analysis of Events St Johnsbury Vermont The Tornado Project of Environmental Films ISBN 1 879362 03 1 Grazulis Thomas P 2001a The Tornado Nature s Ultimate Windstorm Norman University of Oklahoma Press ISBN 978 0 8061 3538 0 Grazulis Thomas P 2001b F5 F6 Tornadoes St Johnsbury Vermont The Tornado Project of Environmental Films U S Weather Bureau September 1927 Severe local storms September 1927 Monthly Weather Review Boston American Meteorological Society 55 9 424 Bibcode 1927MWRv 55 424 doi 10 1175 1520 0493 1927 55 lt 424 SLSS gt 2 0 CO 2 Reeder George September 1927 Written at Columbia Missouri Special Storm Notes Special Weather Summary Climatological Data Missouri Asheville North Carolina National Climatic Data Center 31 9 40 Preceded byTri State Mo Ill amp Ind 1925 Costliest U S tornadoes on RecordSeptember 29 1927 Succeeded byWaco Tx 1953 This Missouri related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte This Illinois related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte This article related to a specific weather event is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tornado outbreak of September 29 1927 amp oldid 1124622050, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
