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1860–61 United States Senate elections

January 01, 1970

The 1860–61 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1860 and 1861, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 3.

1860–61 United States Senate elections
← 1858 & 1859 Various dates 1862 & 1863 →
22 of the 66 seats in the United States Senate (with special elections)
34 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader John P. Hale[a]
Party Democratic Republican
Leader since March 4, 1859
Leader's seat New Hampshire
Last election 38 seats 25 seats
Seats before 38 26
Seats won 30 29
Seat change 8 3
Seats up 14 7
  Third party
 
Party Know Nothing
Last election 2 seats
Seats before 2
Seats won 1
Seat change 1
Seats up 1
Results of the elections:
     Democratic gain      Democratic hold
     Republican gain      Republican hold
     Senator left for the Confederacy
Majority party before election


Democratic

Elected Majority party


Democratic

These elections corresponded with Abraham Lincoln's election to the presidency. The nascent Republican Party increased their Senate seats in the regular elections, and after southern Democrats withdrew to join the Confederacy, Republicans gained control of the Senate. To establish a quorum with fewer members, a lower total seat number was taken into account.

Results summary edit

Senate party division, 37th Congress (1861–1863)

  • Majority party: Republican (29), later rose to 30
  • Minority party: Democratic (30), later dropped to 14
  • Other parties: Unionist (1), later rose to 4
  • Vacant: (8), later rose to 20
  • Total seats: 68

Change in Senate composition edit

Before the elections edit

After the October 2, 1860 special election in Oregon.

D3 D2 D1
D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13
D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14
D24 D25
Ran 		D26
Ran 		D27
Ran 		D28
Unknown 		D29
Unknown 		D30
Retired 		D31
Retired 		D32
Retired 		D33
Retired
Majority → D34
Resigned
R24
Ran 		R25
Unknown 		R26
Retired 		KN1 KN2
Ran 		D38
Withdrew 		D37
Withdrew 		D36
Withdrew 		D35
Withdrew
R23
Ran 		R22
Ran 		R21
Ran 		R20
Ran 		R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14
R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13
R3 R2 R1

As a result of the elections edit

V3
D Loss 		V2
D Loss 		V1
D Loss
D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10
D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11
D21 D23 D22 D24 D25
Re-elected 		D26
Re-elected 		D27
Hold 		D28
Hold 		D29
Hold 		D30
Gain
Plurality ↑ KN1
R21
Re-elected 		R22
Re-elected 		R23
Re-elected 		R24
Re-elected 		R25
Hold 		R26
Hold 		R27
Gain 		R28
Gain 		R29
Gain
R20
Re-elected 		R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10
V4
D Loss 		V5
D Loss 		V6
D Loss

Beginning of the next Congress edit

V4
D Loss 		V3
D Loss 		V2
D Loss 		V1
D Loss
V5
D Loss 		V6
D Loss 		V7
D Loss 		V8
D Loss 		D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6
D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7
D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 U1
Changed 		R29
Hold 		R28 R27
Majority → R26
R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25
R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7
V12 V11 V10 V9 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6
V13 V14 V15
New state 		V16
New state

End of 1861 edit

V4 V3 V2 V1
V5 V6 V7 V8 V9
D Loss 		V10
D Loss 		D1 D2 D3 D4
D14
Gain 		D13
Gain 		D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5
U4
Gain 		U3
Gain 		U2
Gain 		U1 R30
Gain 		R29
Hold 		R28
Hold 		R27
Hold 		R26 R25
Majority → R24
R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23
R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5
V16 V15 V14 V13 V12
R Loss 		V11
R Loss 		R1
Gain 		R2
Gain 		R3 R4
V17 V18
D Loss 		V19
D Loss 		V20
D Loss
Key:
D# Democratic
KN# Know Nothing
R# Republican
U# Unionist
V# Vacant

Race summaries edit

Special elections during the 36th Congress edit

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1860 or in 1861 before March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
California
(Class 1) 		Henry P. Haun Democratic 1859 (appointed) Interim appointee lost election to finish the term.
Winner elected March 5, 1860.
Democratic hold.
Oregon
(Class 2) 		Vacant Legislature had failed to elect in 1858/1859.
Winner elected October 2, 1860.
Republican gain. 		▌ Y Edward D. Baker (Republican)
[data missing]
Maine
(Class 1) 		Hannibal Hamlin Republican 1848 (special)
1851
1857 (resigned)
1857 		Incumbent resigned to become U.S. Vice President.
Winner elected January 17, 1861.
Republican hold. 		▌ Y Lot M. Morrill (Republican)
[data missing]

Races leading to the 37th Congress edit

In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1861; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Alabama Benjamin Fitzpatrick Democratic 1848 (appointed)
1849 (retired)
1853 (appointed)
1853 (special)
1855 		Incumbent withdrew January 21, 1861.
No replacement was elected.
Democratic loss.
Seat would remain vacant until 1868. 		None.
Arkansas Robert W. Johnson Democratic 1853 (appointed)
1854 (special) 		Incumbent retired.
Successor elected in 1860 or 1861.
Democratic hold. 		▌ Y Charles B. Mitchel (Democratic)
[data missing]
California William M. Gwin Democratic 1850
1855 (failure to elect)
1857 (special) 		Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1860.
Democratic hold. 		▌ Y James A. McDougall (Democratic)
Connecticut Lafayette S. Foster Republican 1854 Incumbent re-elected in 1860. ▌ Y Lafayette S. Foster (Republican)
[data missing]
Florida David Levy Yulee Democratic 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 21, 1861.
No replacement was elected.
Democratic loss.
Seat would remain vacant until 1868. 		None.
Georgia Alfred Iverson, Sr. Democratic 1854 or 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 28, 1861.
No replacement was elected.
Democratic loss.
Seat would remain vacant until 1871. 		None.
Illinois Lyman Trumbull Republican 1855 Incumbent re-elected, January 9, 1861.
Iowa James Harlan Republican 1855
1857 (election invalidated)
1857 (special) 		Incumbent re-elected in 1860. ▌ Y James Harlan (Republican)
[data missing]
Indiana Graham N. Fitch Democratic 1857 (special) Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1860.
Republican gain. 		▌ Y Henry S. Lane (Republican)
[data missing]
Kansas Vacant Kansas had become a state January 29, 1861, but did not elect its senators until the next Congress, see below. None.
Kentucky John J. Crittenden Know Nothing 1816
1819 (resigned)
1835
1841 (retired)
1842 (appointed)
1842 or 1843 (special)
1843
1848 (resigned)
1854 		Incumbent retired.
Winner elected December 12, 1859, far in advance of the term.
Democratic gain.
Winner was subsequently expelled, see below. 		▌ Y John C. Breckinridge (Democratic)
[data missing]
Louisiana John Slidell Democratic 1853 (special)
1854 or 1855 		Incumbent resigned February 4, 1861.
No replacement was elected.
Democratic loss.
Seat would remain vacant until 1868. 		None.
Maryland James Pearce Democratic 1843
1849
1855 		Incumbent re-elected in 1861. ▌ Y James Pearce (Democratic)
[data missing]
Missouri James S. Green Democratic 1857 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Legislature failed to elect.
Democratic loss.
Seat would remain vacant until March 17, 1861, see below. 		[data missing]
New Hampshire Daniel Clark Republican 1857 Incumbent re-elected in 1861. ▌ Y Daniel Clark (Republican)
[data missing]
New York William H. Seward Republican 1849
1855 		Incumbent retired, expecting appointment to the Lincoln Administration.
Winner elected February 5, 1861.
Republican hold.
North Carolina Thomas Clingman Democratic 1858 (appointed)
1858 (special) 		Incumbent re-elected in 1861. ▌ Y Thomas Clingman (Democratic)
[data missing]
Ohio George E. Pugh Democratic 1854 Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1860.
Republican gain.
Oregon Joseph Lane Democratic 1859 Incumbent retired.
Winner elected in 1860 or 1861.
Democratic hold. 		▌ Y James Nesmith (Democratic)
[data missing]
Pennsylvania William Bigler Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired.
Winner elected January 8, 1861.
Republican gain.
South Carolina James Henry Hammond Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew November 11, 1860.
No replacement was elected.
Democratic loss.
Seat would remain vacant until 1868. 		None.
Vermont Jacob Collamer Republican 1855 Incumbent re-elected in 1861. ▌ Y Jacob Collamer (Republican)
[data missing]
Wisconsin Charles Durkee Republican 1854 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
Winner elected in 1861.
Republican hold. 		▌ Y Timothy O. Howe (Republican)
[data missing]

Elections during the 37th Congress edit

In these elections, the winners were elected in 1861 after March 4.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Pennsylvania
(Class 1) 		Vacant Incumbent had resigned in the previous Congress.
Winner was elected March 14, 1861.
Republican gain.
Missouri
(Class 3) 		Vacant Legislature had failed to elect.
Winner was elected March 17, 1861.
Democratic gain. 		▌ Y Waldo P. Johnson (Democratic)
[data missing]
Ohio
(Class 3) 		Salmon P. Chase Republican 1849
1855 (retired)
1860 		Incumbent resigned December 4, 1860, to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.
Winner was elected March 21, 1861.
Republican hold. 		▌ Y John Sherman (Republican)
[data missing]
Kansas
(Class 2) 		New state Kansas became a state January 29, 1861.
Winner was elected late April 4, 1861.
Republican gain. 		▌ Y Jim Lane (Republican)
[data missing]
Kansas
(Class 3) 		Kansas became a state January 29, 1861.
Winner was elected late April 4, 1861.
Republican gain. 		▌ Y Samuel C. Pomeroy (Republican)
[data missing]
Virginia
(Class 1) 		James M. Mason Democratic 1847 (special)
1850
1856 		Incumbent expelled July 11, 1861 for supporting the Confederacy.
Winner was elected July 13, 1861.
Unionist gain. 		▌ Y Waitman T. Willey (Unionist)
[data missing]
Virginia
(Class 2) 		Robert M. T. Hunter Democratic 1846
1852
1858 		Incumbent expelled July 11, 1861 for supporting the Confederacy.
Winner was elected July 13, 1861.
Unionist gain. 		▌ Y John S. Carlile (Unionist)
[data missing]
Kentucky
(Class 3) 		John C. Breckinridge Democratic 1859 Incumbent expelled December 4, 1861 for supporting the Confederacy.
Winner was elected December 10, 1861.
Unionist gain. 		▌ Y Garrett Davis (Unionist)
[data missing]

Maryland edit

See also: List of United States senators from Maryland
1861 United States Senate election in Maryland
← 1855 January 1861 1864 →
80 members of the Maryland General Assembly
   
Candidate James Pearce
Party Democratic
Legislative vote -
Percentage -%

James Pearce won re-election by an unknown margin of votes, for the Class 3 seat.[3]

New York edit

Main article: 1861 United States Senate election in New York
See also: List of United States senators from New York

The New York election was held February 5, 1861.

Whig William H. Seward had been re-elected in February 1855 to this seat, had become a Republican upon the foundation of that party in September 1855, and his term would expire on March 3, 1861. Seward did not seek re-election, instead being certain to be appointed to an office in the incoming Lincoln administration (Lincoln subsequently appointed Seward Secretary of State).

At the state election in November 1859, 23 Republicans and 9 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1860–1861) in the State Senate. At the state election in November 1860, 93 Republicans and 35 Democrats were elected to the Assembly for the session of 1861. The 84th New York State Legislature met from January 1 to April 16, 1861, at Albany, New York.

Ira Harris was the candidate of the Republican Party. Harris had been a Whig assemblyman in 1845 and 1846, and a justice of the New York Supreme Court from 1847 to 1859.

Ex-Governor Horatio Seymour (in office 1853–1854) was the candidate of the Democratic Party.

Both in the Assembly and the Senate a strict party vote confirmed the caucus selections.

In the Assembly 119 votes were given: Republicans Smith Anthony (Cayuga Co.), Martin Finch (Essex Co.), Henry A. Prendergast (Chautauqua Co.), Victor M. Rice (Erie Co.) and Perez H. Field (Ontario Co.), along with Democrats Luke F. Cozans (NYC), Benjamin H. Long (Erie Co.), N. Holmes Odell (Westchester Co.) and Christian B. Woodruff (NYC) did not vote.

In the State Senate, 31 votes were given as William H. Ferry (Rep., 19th D.) was absent.

Ira Harris was the choice of both the Assembly and the Senate, and was declared elected.

House Republican Democratic
State Senate (31 members voting) Ira Harris 22 Horatio Seymour 9
State Assembly (119 members voting) Ira Harris 88 Horatio Seymour 31

Pennsylvania edit

See also: List of United States senators from New York

There were two elections in Pennsylvania.

Pennsylvania (regular) edit

Main article: 1861 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania

The regular election in Pennsylvania was held January 8, 1861. Edgar Cowan was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.[4]

Incumbent Democrat William Bigler, who was elected in 1856, was not a candidate for re-election to another term. The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, convened on January 8, 1861, to elect a new Senator to fill the term beginning on March 4, 1861. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:

General election results[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Edgar Cowan 98 73.68
Democratic Henry Foster 35 26.32%
Total votes 133 100%

Pennsylvania (special) edit

Main article: 1861 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania

A special election was held in Pennsylvania on March 14, 1861. David Wilmot was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate.[5]

Republican Simon Cameron had been elected to the United States Senate by the General Assembly, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, in January 1857. After Senator Cameron resigned his seat on March 4, 1861, to become United States Secretary of War in Abraham Lincoln's administration,[6] the Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on March 14, 1861, to elect a new Senator to fill the vacancy.

The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:

Special election results[5][7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican David Wilmot 96 72.18
Democratic William H. Welsh 34 25.56%
Republican Winthrop W. Ketcham 1 0.75%
Democratic William Wilkins 1 0.75%
N/A Not voting 1 0.75%
Total votes 133 100%

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ as Republican Conference Chair

References edit

  1. ^ "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)". National Archives and Records Administration. February 8, 2022.
  2. ^ Journal of the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois, 1861. Springfield, IL: Bailache & Baker, Printers. 1861.
  3. ^ "Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Jan 00, 1861". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2022-11-05.
  4. ^ a b "U.S. Senate Election - 8 January 1861" (PDF). Wilkes University. Retrieved December 22, 2013.
  5. ^ a b "U.S. Senate Election - 14 March 1861" (PDF). Wilkes University. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
  6. ^ "CAMERON, Simon, (1799 - 1889)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
  7. ^ "PA US Senate - Special Election". OurCampaigns. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
  • Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
  • The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough, Stephen C. Hutchins and Edgar Albert Werner, 1867 (see pg. 568 for U. S. Senators; pg. 442 for State Senators 1861; pg. 492ff for Members of Assembly 1861)
  • Result NY state election 1859 in The Tribune Almanac for 1860 compiled by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune
  • Result NY state election 1860 in The Tribune Almanac for 1861 compiled by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune
  • FROM THE STATE CAPITAL.; Election of United States Senator in NYT on February 6, 1861
  • Result, NY State Senate: Journal of the Senate (84th Session) (1861; pg. 137)
  • Result, NY Assembly: Journal of the Assembly (84th Session) (1861; pg. 247f)
  • Pennsylvania Election Statistics: 1682-2006 from the Wilkes University Election Statistics Project.

January 01, 1970
1860, united, states, senate, elections, were, held, various, dates, various, states, these, senate, elections, were, prior, ratification, seventeenth, amendment, 1913, senators, were, chosen, state, legislatures, senators, were, elected, over, wide, range, ti. The 1860 61 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states As these U S Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 senators were chosen by state legislatures Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1860 and 1861 and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock 1 In these elections terms were up for the senators in Class 3 1860 61 United States Senate elections 1858 amp 1859 Various dates 1862 amp 1863 22 of the 66 seats in the United States Senate with special elections 34 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Leader John P Hale a Party Democratic Republican Leader since March 4 1859 Leader s seat New Hampshire Last election 38 seats 25 seats Seats before 38 26 Seats won 30 29 Seat change 8 3 Seats up 14 7 Third party Party Know Nothing Last election 2 seats Seats before 2 Seats won 1 Seat change 1 Seats up 1Results of the elections Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Senator left for the ConfederacyMajority party before election Democratic Elected Majority party Democratic These elections corresponded with Abraham Lincoln s election to the presidency The nascent Republican Party increased their Senate seats in the regular elections and after southern Democrats withdrew to join the Confederacy Republicans gained control of the Senate To establish a quorum with fewer members a lower total seat number was taken into account Contents 1 Results summary 2 Change in Senate composition 2 1 Before the elections 2 2 As a result of the elections 2 3 Beginning of the next Congress 2 4 End of 1861 3 Race summaries 3 1 Special elections during the 36th Congress 3 2 Races leading to the 37th Congress 3 3 Elections during the 37th Congress 4 Maryland 5 New York 6 Pennsylvania 6 1 Pennsylvania regular 6 2 Pennsylvania special 7 See also 8 Notes 9 ReferencesResults summary editSenate party division 37th Congress 1861 1863 Majority party Republican 29 later rose to 30 Minority party Democratic 30 later dropped to 14 Other parties Unionist 1 later rose to 4 Vacant 8 later rose to 20 Total seats 68Change in Senate composition editBefore the elections edit After the October 2 1860 special election in Oregon D3 D2 D1 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D23 D22 D21 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D24 D25Ran D26Ran D27Ran D28Unknown D29Unknown D30Retired D31Retired D32Retired D33Retired Majority D34Resigned R24Ran R25Unknown R26Retired KN1 KN2Ran D38Withdrew D37Withdrew D36Withdrew D35Withdrew R23Ran R22Ran R21Ran R20Ran R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R3 R2 R1 As a result of the elections edit V3D Loss V2D Loss V1D Loss D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D20 D19 D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D21 D23 D22 D24 D25Re elected D26Re elected D27Hold D28Hold D29Hold D30Gain Plurality KN1 R21Re elected R22Re elected R23Re elected R24Re elected R25Hold R26Hold R27Gain R28Gain R29Gain R20Re elected R19 R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 V4D Loss V5D Loss V6D Loss Beginning of the next Congress edit V4D Loss V3D Loss V2D Loss V1D Loss V5D Loss V6D Loss V7D Loss V8D Loss D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D17 D18 D19 D20 D21 D22 U1Changed R29Hold R28 R27 Majority R26 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 V12 V11 V10 V9 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 V13 V14 V15New state V16New state End of 1861 edit V4 V3 V2 V1 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9D Loss V10D Loss D1 D2 D3 D4 D14Gain D13Gain D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 U4Gain U3Gain U2Gain U1 R30Gain R29Hold R28Hold R27Hold R26 R25 Majority R24 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9 R8 R7 R6 R5 V16 V15 V14 V13 V12R Loss V11R Loss R1Gain R2Gain R3 R4 V17 V18D Loss V19D Loss V20D Loss Key D Democratic KN Know Nothing R Republican U Unionist V VacantRace summaries editSpecial elections during the 36th Congress edit In these special elections the winners were seated during 1860 or in 1861 before March 4 ordered by election date State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history California Class 1 Henry P Haun Democratic 1859 appointed Interim appointee lost election to finish the term Winner elected March 5 1860 Democratic hold nbsp Y Milton Latham Democratic Henry P Haun Democratic data missing Oregon Class 2 Vacant Legislature had failed to elect in 1858 1859 Winner elected October 2 1860 Republican gain nbsp Y Edward D Baker Republican data missing Maine Class 1 Hannibal Hamlin Republican 1848 special 18511857 resigned 1857 Incumbent resigned to become U S Vice President Winner elected January 17 1861 Republican hold nbsp Y Lot M Morrill Republican data missing Races leading to the 37th Congress edit In these regular elections the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4 1861 ordered by state All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Alabama Benjamin Fitzpatrick Democratic 1848 appointed 1849 retired 1853 appointed 1853 special 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 21 1861 No replacement was elected Democratic loss Seat would remain vacant until 1868 None Arkansas Robert W Johnson Democratic 1853 appointed 1854 special Incumbent retired Successor elected in 1860 or 1861 Democratic hold nbsp Y Charles B Mitchel Democratic data missing California William M Gwin Democratic 18501855 failure to elect 1857 special Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re election Winner elected in 1860 Democratic hold nbsp Y James A McDougall Democratic Connecticut Lafayette S Foster Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected in 1860 nbsp Y Lafayette S Foster Republican data missing Florida David Levy Yulee Democratic 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 21 1861 No replacement was elected Democratic loss Seat would remain vacant until 1868 None Georgia Alfred Iverson Sr Democratic 1854 or 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 28 1861 No replacement was elected Democratic loss Seat would remain vacant until 1871 None Illinois Lyman Trumbull Republican 1855 Incumbent re elected January 9 1861 nbsp Y Lyman Trumbull Republican 54 Samuel S Marshall Democratic 46 2 Iowa James Harlan Republican 18551857 election invalidated 1857 special Incumbent re elected in 1860 nbsp Y James Harlan Republican data missing Indiana Graham N Fitch Democratic 1857 special Incumbent retired Winner elected in 1860 Republican gain nbsp Y Henry S Lane Republican data missing Kansas Vacant Kansas had become a state January 29 1861 but did not elect its senators until the next Congress see below None Kentucky John J Crittenden Know Nothing 18161819 resigned 18351841 retired 1842 appointed 1842 or 1843 special 18431848 resigned 1854 Incumbent retired Winner elected December 12 1859 far in advance of the term Democratic gain Winner was subsequently expelled see below nbsp Y John C Breckinridge Democratic data missing Louisiana John Slidell Democratic 1853 special 1854 or 1855 Incumbent resigned February 4 1861 No replacement was elected Democratic loss Seat would remain vacant until 1868 None Maryland James Pearce Democratic 184318491855 Incumbent re elected in 1861 nbsp Y James Pearce Democratic data missing Missouri James S Green Democratic 1857 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re election Legislature failed to elect Democratic loss Seat would remain vacant until March 17 1861 see below data missing New Hampshire Daniel Clark Republican 1857 Incumbent re elected in 1861 nbsp Y Daniel Clark Republican data missing New York William H Seward Republican 18491855 Incumbent retired expecting appointment to the Lincoln Administration Winner elected February 5 1861 Republican hold nbsp Y Ira Harris Republican Horatio Seymour Democratic North Carolina Thomas Clingman Democratic 1858 appointed 1858 special Incumbent re elected in 1861 nbsp Y Thomas Clingman Democratic data missing Ohio George E Pugh Democratic 1854 Incumbent lost re election Winner elected in 1860 Republican gain nbsp Y Salmon P Chase Republican George E Pugh Democratic data missing Oregon Joseph Lane Democratic 1859 Incumbent retired Winner elected in 1860 or 1861 Democratic hold nbsp Y James Nesmith Democratic data missing Pennsylvania William Bigler Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired Winner elected January 8 1861 Republican gain nbsp Y Edgar Cowan Republican 73 68 Henry Foster Democratic 26 32 South Carolina James Henry Hammond Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew November 11 1860 No replacement was elected Democratic loss Seat would remain vacant until 1868 None Vermont Jacob Collamer Republican 1855 Incumbent re elected in 1861 nbsp Y Jacob Collamer Republican data missing Wisconsin Charles Durkee Republican 1854 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re election Winner elected in 1861 Republican hold nbsp Y Timothy O Howe Republican data missing Elections during the 37th Congress edit In these elections the winners were elected in 1861 after March 4 State Incumbent Results Candidates Senator Party Electoral history Pennsylvania Class 1 Vacant Incumbent had resigned in the previous Congress Winner was elected March 14 1861 Republican gain nbsp Y David Wilmot Republican 72 18 William H Welsh Democratic 25 56 Winthrop W Ketcham Republican 0 75 William Wilkins Democratic 0 75 Missouri Class 3 Vacant Legislature had failed to elect Winner was elected March 17 1861 Democratic gain nbsp Y Waldo P Johnson Democratic data missing Ohio Class 3 Salmon P Chase Republican 18491855 retired 1860 Incumbent resigned December 4 1860 to become U S Secretary of the Treasury Winner was elected March 21 1861 Republican hold nbsp Y John Sherman Republican data missing Kansas Class 2 New state Kansas became a state January 29 1861 Winner was elected late April 4 1861 Republican gain nbsp Y Jim Lane Republican data missing Kansas Class 3 Kansas became a state January 29 1861 Winner was elected late April 4 1861 Republican gain nbsp Y Samuel C Pomeroy Republican data missing Virginia Class 1 James M Mason Democratic 1847 special 18501856 Incumbent expelled July 11 1861 for supporting the Confederacy Winner was elected July 13 1861 Unionist gain nbsp Y Waitman T Willey Unionist data missing Virginia Class 2 Robert M T Hunter Democratic 184618521858 Incumbent expelled July 11 1861 for supporting the Confederacy Winner was elected July 13 1861 Unionist gain nbsp Y John S Carlile Unionist data missing Kentucky Class 3 John C Breckinridge Democratic 1859 Incumbent expelled December 4 1861 for supporting the Confederacy Winner was elected December 10 1861 Unionist gain nbsp Y Garrett Davis Unionist data missing Maryland editSee also List of United States senators from Maryland This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it November 2022 1861 United States Senate election in Maryland 1855 January 1861 1864 80 members of the Maryland General Assembly nbsp Candidate James Pearce Party Democratic Legislative vote Percentage James Pearce won re election by an unknown margin of votes for the Class 3 seat 3 New York editMain article 1861 United States Senate election in New York See also List of United States senators from New York The New York election was held February 5 1861 Whig William H Seward had been re elected in February 1855 to this seat had become a Republican upon the foundation of that party in September 1855 and his term would expire on March 3 1861 Seward did not seek re election instead being certain to be appointed to an office in the incoming Lincoln administration Lincoln subsequently appointed Seward Secretary of State At the state election in November 1859 23 Republicans and 9 Democrats were elected for a two year term 1860 1861 in the State Senate At the state election in November 1860 93 Republicans and 35 Democrats were elected to the Assembly for the session of 1861 The 84th New York State Legislature met from January 1 to April 16 1861 at Albany New York Ira Harris was the candidate of the Republican Party Harris had been a Whig assemblyman in 1845 and 1846 and a justice of the New York Supreme Court from 1847 to 1859 Ex Governor Horatio Seymour in office 1853 1854 was the candidate of the Democratic Party Both in the Assembly and the Senate a strict party vote confirmed the caucus selections In the Assembly 119 votes were given Republicans Smith Anthony Cayuga Co Martin Finch Essex Co Henry A Prendergast Chautauqua Co Victor M Rice Erie Co and Perez H Field Ontario Co along with Democrats Luke F Cozans NYC Benjamin H Long Erie Co N Holmes Odell Westchester Co and Christian B Woodruff NYC did not vote In the State Senate 31 votes were given as William H Ferry Rep 19th D was absent Ira Harris was the choice of both the Assembly and the Senate and was declared elected House Republican Democratic State Senate 31 members voting Ira Harris 22 Horatio Seymour 9 State Assembly 119 members voting Ira Harris 88 Horatio Seymour 31Pennsylvania editSee also List of United States senators from New York There were two elections in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania regular edit Main article 1861 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania The regular election in Pennsylvania was held January 8 1861 Edgar Cowan was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate 4 Incumbent Democrat William Bigler who was elected in 1856 was not a candidate for re election to another term The Pennsylvania General Assembly consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate convened on January 8 1861 to elect a new Senator to fill the term beginning on March 4 1861 The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows General election results 4 Party Candidate Votes Republican Edgar Cowan 98 73 68 Democratic Henry Foster 35 26 32 Total votes 133 100 Pennsylvania special edit Main article 1861 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania A special election was held in Pennsylvania on March 14 1861 David Wilmot was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the United States Senate 5 Republican Simon Cameron had been elected to the United States Senate by the General Assembly consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate in January 1857 After Senator Cameron resigned his seat on March 4 1861 to become United States Secretary of War in Abraham Lincoln s administration 6 the Pennsylvania General Assembly convened on March 14 1861 to elect a new Senator to fill the vacancy The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows Special election results 5 7 Party Candidate Votes Republican David Wilmot 96 72 18 Democratic William H Welsh 34 25 56 Republican Winthrop W Ketcham 1 0 75 Democratic William Wilkins 1 0 75 N A Not voting 1 0 75 Total votes 133 100 See also edit1860 United States elections 1860 United States presidential election 1860 61 United States House of Representatives elections 36th United States Congress 37th United States CongressNotes edit as Republican Conference ChairReferences edit 17th Amendment to the U S Constitution Direct Election of U S Senators 1913 National Archives and Records Administration February 8 2022 Journal of the House of Representatives of the General Assembly of the State of Illinois 1861 Springfield IL Bailache amp Baker Printers 1861 Our Campaigns MD US Senate Race Jan 00 1861 www ourcampaigns com Retrieved 2022 11 05 a b U S Senate Election 8 January 1861 PDF Wilkes University Retrieved December 22 2013 a b U S Senate Election 14 March 1861 PDF Wilkes University Retrieved December 23 2012 CAMERON Simon 1799 1889 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress Retrieved December 23 2012 PA US Senate Special Election OurCampaigns Retrieved December 22 2012 Party Division in the Senate 1789 Present via Senate gov The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough Stephen C Hutchins and Edgar Albert Werner 1867 see pg 568 for U S Senators pg 442 for State Senators 1861 pg 492ff for Members of Assembly 1861 Result NY state election 1859 in The Tribune Almanac for 1860 compiled by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune Result NY state election 1860 in The Tribune Almanac for 1861 compiled by Horace Greeley of the New York Tribune FROM THE STATE CAPITAL Election of United States Senator in NYT on February 6 1861 Result NY State Senate Journal of the Senate 84th Session 1861 pg 137 Result NY Assembly Journal of the Assembly 84th Session 1861 pg 247f Pennsylvania Election Statistics 1682 2006 from the Wilkes University Election Statistics Project Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1860 61 United States Senate elections amp oldid 1206066384 Oregon, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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