1860–61 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1860–61 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 6, 1860, and October 24, 1861, before or after the first session of the 37th United States Congress convened on July 4, 1861. The number of House seats initially increased to 239 when California was apportioned an extra one, but these elections were affected by the outbreak of the American Civil War and resulted in over 56 vacancies.

1860–61 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1858 & 1859 August 6, 1860 – October 24, 1861 1862 & 1863 →
All 183 seats in the United States House of Representatives 92 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader William Pennington Samuel Cox Party Republican Democratic Leader's seat New Jersey 5th (lost re-election) Ohio 12th Last election 116 seats 83 seats Seats won 106 44 Seat change 10 54 Popular vote 1,793,876 1,520,785 Percentage 46.91% 39.77% Swing 10.32% 8.29%   Third party Fourth party   Party Unionist Southern Rights Last election 0 seats 0 seats Seats won 31^[a] 1 Seat change 31 1 Popular vote 324,992^[b] 52,501^[c] Percentage 8.50% 1.37% Swing New New   Fifth party   Party Independent Last election 15 seats^[d] Seats won 1^[e] Seat change 14 Popular vote 105,210^[f] Percentage 2.75% Swing 4.16%
Results      Democratic gain      Democratic hold      Republican gain      Republican hold      Unionist gain      Independent hold
Speaker before election William Pennington Republican Elected Speaker Galusha Grow Republican

In November 1860, Republican Abraham Lincoln won the Presidency. Though Republicans lost seats, the party won a House majority anyway as seven slave states reacted to Lincoln's election by seceding before the Presidential inauguration. These seceding states formed the Confederacy in February 1861 while withdrawing many Representatives and Senators from Congress, almost all Democrats. As both sides in the impending American Civil War initially mobilized troops, another four slave states seceded by May 1861 in response to Lincoln's policy of using Federal force to defend Federal property and to coerce the seven initially seceding states. The four remaining slave states did not secede, electing and returning Representatives normally.

Unionist regions of three seceding states returned ten Representatives: five from western Virginia, three from eastern Tennessee, and two from southern Louisiana. Except for a tiny minority of outspoken Democrats, all Representatives supported the Union. Representatives opposing Democrats but unwilling to identify as Republican, particularly from slave states and including some remaining nativist American Party members, coalesced as the Unionist Party. In coalition with the Unionists, Republicans commanded over a two-thirds House supermajority.^[1]

Election summaries

California was apportioned one additional seat for the 37th Congress,^[2] increasing the total seats to 239.

Representatives from seceding states overwhelmingly were Democrats. Withdrawal of these Representatives boosted Republican House control. Some seceding states held Federal elections, but seceded before the elected Representatives served. Other seceding states held no Federal elections.

↓

44	1	108	30
Democratic	^[g]	Republican	Unionist

State	Type	Date	Total seats	Democratic		Republican		Unionist^[h]		Others
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Kansas^[i]	At-large	December 1, 1859	1	0		1	1	0		0
Oregon	At-large	June 4, 1860	1	1		0		0		0
Arkansas	District	August 6, 1860	2	2		0		0		0
Missouri	District	August 6, 1860	7	5	1	1	1	1	1	0	1^[j]
Vermont	District	September 4, 1860	3	0		3		0		0
Maine	District	September 10, 1860	6	0		6		0		0
Florida	At-large	October 1, 1860	1	1		0		0		0
South Carolina	District	October 8–9, 1860	6	6		0		0		0
Indiana	District	October 9, 1860	11	4		7		0		0
Iowa	District	October 9, 1860	2	0		2		0		0
Ohio	District	October 9, 1860	21	8	2	13	2	0		0
Pennsylvania	District	October 9, 1860	25	6	1	19	1	0		0
Delaware	At-large	November 6, 1860 (Election Day)^[k]	1	0	1	0		1	1	0
Illinois	District		9	5		4		0		0
Massachusetts	District		11	0		10	1	1	1	0
Michigan	District		4	0	1	4	1	0		0
Minnesota	At-large		2	0		2		0		0
New Jersey	District		5	3	1	2	1	0		0
New York	District		33	10^[e]	3	23	3	0		0
Wisconsin	District		3	0	1	3	1	0		0
Late elections (after the March 4, 1861 beginning of the term)
New Hampshire	District	March 12, 1861	3	0		3		0		0
Connecticut	District	April 1, 1861	4	2	2	2	2	0		0
Rhode Island	District	April 3, 1861	2	0		0	2	2	2	0
Maryland	District	June 13, 1861	6	0	3	0		6	6	0	3^[j]
Kentucky	District	June 20, 1861	10	1	4	0		9	9	0	5^[l]
Late elections (after the July 4, 1861 beginning of the first session of the 37th Congress)
Tennessee^[m]	District	August 1, 1861^[3]	10^[n]	0	3	0		3	3	0	7^[l]
California	At-large	September 4, 1861	3^[o]	0		3	1	0		0
Seceded states not holding full elections
Alabama	District	None	7	0	7	0		0		0
Georgia	District	None	8	0	6	0		0		0	2^[p]
Louisiana	District	None	4	0	3	0		2^[q]	2	0	1^[l]
Mississippi	District	None	5	0	5	0		0		0
North Carolina	District	None	8	0	5	0		0		0	3^[l]
Texas	District	None	2	0	2	0		0		0
Virginia	District	None	13^[r]	0	12	0		5^[s]	5	0	1^[l]
Total^[t]			181 58 vacancies	45^[e] 24.6%	53	108 59.0%	8	30 16.4%	30	0 0.0%	24^[u]

Popular vote Republican   46.91% Democratic   39.77% Unionist   8.50% Southern Rights   1.37% Independent   2.75% Others   0.70%

House seats Republican   57.92% Democratic   24.04% Unionist   16.94% Southern Rights   0.55% Independent   0.55%

Special elections

See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives

There were special elections in 1860–61 during the 36th United States Congress and 37th United States Congress.

36th Congress

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Missouri 1	Francis P. Blair Jr.	Republican	1856 1858 (lost) 1860 (contested)	Incumbent resigned June 25, 1860. New member elected October 3, 1860. Democratic gain. Winner lost election to the next term; see below.	▌ Y John R. Barret (Democratic) 50.27% ▌Francis P. Blair Jr. (Republican) 49.70% ▌Albert Todd (Know Nothing) 0.02%^[4]
Pennsylvania 8	John Schwartz	Anti-Lecompton Democratic	1858	Incumbent died June 20, 1860. New member elected October 9, 1860. Democratic hold. Winner was not a candidate for election to the next term.	▌ Y Jacob K. McKenty (Democratic) 56.19% ▌James McKnight (Republican) 43.81%^[5]
Maine 5	Israel Washburn Jr.	Republican	1850	Incumbent resigned January 1, 1861 to become Governor of Maine. New member elected November 6, 1860. Republican hold. Winner was not a candidate for election to the next term.	▌ Y Stephen Coburn (Republican) 65.86% ▌Joseph D. Brown (Democratic) 14.47% ▌Joseph Chase (Breckinridge Democratic) 14.92% ▌Abner Coburn (Independent) 0.86% ▌Ebenezer Hutchinson (Constitutional Union) 0.57% ▌Samuel H. Blake (Independent) 0.32%^[6]
New York 31	Silas M. Burroughs	Republican	1856	Incumbent died June 3, 1860. New member elected November 6, 1860. Republican hold.	▌ Y Edwin R. Reynolds (Republican) 59.02% ▌Linus J. Peck (Democratic) 39.09% ▌James L. Bowen (Breckinridge Democratic) 1.89%^[7]

37th Congress

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Ohio 7	Thomas Corwin	Republican	1858	Incumbent resigned March 12, 1861 to become U.S. Minister to Mexico. New member elected May 28, 1861. Unionist gain. Winner seated July 4, 1861.	▌ Y Richard A. Harrison (Unionist) 52.65% ▌Aaron Harlan (Democratic) 47.35%^[8]
Ohio 13	John Sherman	Republican	1854	Incumbent resigned March 12, 1861 to become U.S. Senator. New member elected May 28, 1861. Republican hold. Winner seated July 4, 1861.	▌ Y Samuel T. Worcester (Republican) 55.85% ▌William McLaughlin (Democratic) 44.15%^[9]
Massachusetts 3	Charles F. Adams Sr.	Republican	1858	Incumbent resigned May 1, 1861 to become Ambassador to Great Britain. New member elected June 11, 1861. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Benjamin Thomas (Unionist) 90.80% ▌Eleazar Beal (Unknown) 9.2%^[10]
Pennsylvania 2	Edward Joy Morris	Republican	1856	Incumbent resigned June 8, 1861 to become U.S. Minister Resident to Turkey. New member elected June 21, 1861. Democratic gain. Winner seated July 2, 1861.	▌ Y Charles J. Biddle (Democratic) 51.59% ▌Charles O'Neill (Republican) 48.41%^[11]
Pennsylvania 12	George W. Scranton	Republican	1858	Incumbent died March 24, 1861. New member elected June 21, 1861. Democratic gain. Winner seated July 4, 1861.	▌ Y Hendrick B. Wright (Democratic) 67.82% ▌David R. Randall (Independent)^[12]
Iowa 1	Samuel Curtis	Republican	1856	Incumbent resigned August 4, 1861 to become colonel of the 2nd Iowa Infantry. New member elected October 8, 1861. Republican hold.	▌ Y James F. Wilson (Republican) 56.66% ▌Jairus Edward Neal (Democratic) 40.94% Scattering 2.40%^[13]
Virginia 11	John S. Carlile	Unionist	1859	Incumbent resigned July 9, 1861 to become United States Senator from the loyal faction of Virginia. New member elected October 24, 1861.^[14] Unionist hold. Winner took his seat December 2, 1861.	▌ Y Jacob B. Blair (Unionist) [data missing]
Massachusetts 5	William Appleton	Constitutional Union	1850 1854 (lost) 1860	Incumbent resigned September 27, 1861 due to failing health. New member elected November 5, 1861. Republican gain. Winner seated December 2, 1861.	▌ Y Samuel Hooper (Republican) 56.14% ▌George B. Upton (Democratic) 43.87%^[15]
Illinois 6	John A. McClernand	Democratic	1859 (special)	Incumbent resigned October 28, 1861 to accept a commission as brigadier general of volunteers for service in the Civil War. New member elected December 12, 1861. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Anthony L. Knapp (Democratic) 97.99% Scattering 2.01%^[16]

Impact of the secessionist movement

 

United States 37th Congress,1861.
Pro-union Free states: dark blue. Pro-Union Slave' states: light blue; (West Virginia abolished slavery with statehood.)
Secessionist Convention Slave states: red
The numbers in Congress are reduced by the 'vacant' seats

In the wake of the declared secession of South Carolina from the Union on December 20, 1860, many Southern House members, mostly Democrats, refused to take their seats. Before 1872, different states held elections at various times; the first elections for the 37th Congress were held on August 6, 1860, in Arkansas and Missouri, while the last election took place in California on September 4, 1861, a year later. Three Southern states – Arkansas, Florida, and South Carolina – chose Representatives before the presidential election, electing seven Democrats and two independents. These were the only House elections from the seceding states to the 37th Congress. After South Carolina resolved disunion and the Confederate States of America was formed, other Southern states declared as well and elected Representatives to the new Congress of the Confederate States instead of the United States Congress.

Since the states not holding elections had many strong Democratic districts – in the previous 36th Congress their Representatives included a total of 46 Democrats, 14 Oppositionists, five independents, and one member of the American Party – when Congress was called into session on July 4, 1861 (five months earlier than usual at the time) the size of the Democratic House caucus had been drastically reduced, resulting in a huge Republican majority.

Of the 183 seats, 102 were held by Republicans, 45 by Democrats,^[e] 23 by Unionists, and five others by one party each. There were several vacancies, and California had not held its election when Congress assembled.

End of a Congressional era

US Congressional Party Transformation, 1857–1863^[17]
Congress	35th 1857–59	36th 1859–61	37th 1861–63
United States House of Representatives
Seats (change)	237 (+3)	238 (+1)	183 (–55)
Republicans	90.38%	116.49%	108.59%
Unionists	0.0%	0.0%	31.17%
Americans (+)	14.6%	39.16% (4-way split)	0.0%
Democrats	133.56%	83.35%	44.24%
United States Senate
Seats (change)	66 (+4)	68 (+2)	50 (–18)
Republicans	20.30%	26.38%	31.62%
Unionists	0.0%	0.0%	3.6%
Americans	5.8%	2.3%	0.0%
Democrats	41.62%	38.58%	15.30%

In 1860, Lincoln's campaign brought the Republicans the Presidency. Likewise, the congressional elections also marked the transition from one major era of political parties to another. In just six years, over the course of the 35th, 36th–th Congresses, a complete reversal of party fortunes swamped the Democrats.^[18]

 

Columbia switches Stephen A. Douglas labeled with early election date 'news from Maine'.
Uncle Sam looks on approvingly.
Other early returns in PA, OH and IN showed good prospects for Republicans in the upcoming federal elections^[19]

Elections for Congress were held from August 1860 to June 1861. They were held before, during and after the pre-determined Presidential campaign. And they were held before, during and after the secessionist campaigns in various states as they were reported throughout the country. Political conditions varied hugely from time to time during the course of congressional selection, but they had been shifting to a considerable extent in the years running up to the crisis.^[20]

In the 1856 elections, the Democrats had taken the Presidency for the sixth time in the last 40 years, with James Buchanan's victory over John C. Fremont and Millard Fillmore. They held almost a two-thirds majority in both the US House and Senate. Democrats held onto the Senate during the midterm elections, but the four opposition parties then amounted to two-thirds of the House. The congressional elections in 1860 transformed Democratic fortunes: Republican and Unionist candidates won a two-thirds majority in both House and Senate.^[21]

After the secessionist withdrawal, resignation and expulsion, the Democrats would have less than 25% of the House for the 37th Congress, and that minority divided further between pro-unionists (Stephen Douglas), and anti-war (Clement Vallandingham) factions.^[22]

Results by region

The politics of these elections were distinctive in every region of the country. The more conventional listing of Members in their state delegations, alphabetically by state, can be found in the 37th Congress article.

Party	Total seats	Change	Percentage
Republican	108	–8	59.0%
Democratic	44	–39	24.0%
Independent Democratic	1	–	0.5%
Constitutional Unionist	30	+30	16.3%
Totals	183	–56	100.0%

Each Region below lists the states composing it using Freehling's descriptions from 1860. The Representative's biographies are linked at their names. Each congressional district has a link, named by its state abbreviation and its assigned number or noted At-large election. In a time before the Census Department published aggregate population data by congressional district, the reader may have ready access to census data identifying the makeup of those each district by referring to their respective articles.

The articles use different formats. The constituent counties of congressional districts are sometimes listed in a content heading "List of representatives" within tables. These tables have a column naming the District's counties for each election, such as (a) "District Area" for Massachusetts, or (b) "Area" for Illinois and Maryland. Virginia uses "Historical composition of the district" to describe composition at each reapportionment. Pennsylvania notes the home county of the elected representative, sometimes holding the largest population for respective districts. Minnesota makes a geographical allusion for its 1st District applicable to the 37th Congress. Michigan uses "History" since 1852 for its 4th district. In some states, previous district composition is not described.

New England

Connecticut — Maine — Massachusetts — New Hampshire — Rhode Island — Vermont

The twenty-nine seats in the House among these six states are divided 24 Republican, two Union one Constitutional Union, and two Democratic. The region is important nationally in manufacturing and intellectually as the center of literature, Transcendentalism and the abolition movement.

North Central

New Jersey — New York

The 38 Representatives from this region would seat 25 Republicans and thirteen Democrats. This region had the closest commercial and social ties to the South due to its sea-going commerce and trans-shipping cotton to local textile plants and for export.

Border North

Illinois — Indiana — Michigan — Ohio — Pennsylvania — Wisconsin

The 73 seats in this region were split 50 Republican, 23 Democratic. Illinois is the only state here with more Democrats than Republicans.

These are free-soil states, north of the Mason–Dixon line. These states had either abolished slavery, or Congress had forbidden it in their Territory, and they had forbidden it at the beginning of their statehood.^[23]

Border South and Middle South

Delaware — Kentucky — Maryland — Missouri — Tennessee — Virginia

Of the 47 Representatives in these six states, 24 are Union Party, 1 Constitutional Union, 6 Democratic,– would be vacant in Virginia and Tennessee.

These were "slaveholding" states, all south of the Mason–Dixon line. The border south states had less than 2% to more than 19% of their 1860 population held as slaves, with an average of 13%; middle south states ranged from 25 to 33% slaves, with an average of 29%. (Deep South 43–57%, except Texas, with 30%.)^[24]

Eight seats in Virginia and seven seats in Tennessee represented large numbers of citizens resisting the Lincoln administration of the United States government during the Civil War. They were declared vacant in 37th Congress documents.^[25]

Trans-Mississippi West

California — Iowa — Kansas — Minnesota — Oregon — Non-voting members

West of the Mississippi, there were 16 Representatives from states, and 9 Delegates from territories. The states elected nine Republicans and one Democrat. The Territories elected four Republicans, one Democrat and two Independents.

When California entered the Union, it broke the free soil - slave state tie in the Senate. Minnesota, and Oregon followed as free-soil states. Once Congress was depleted of the secessionist Democrats, the lame-duck 36th Congress admitted Kansas as a free state in January 1861, in time for it to send a Representative to the 37th Congress in March. The Republican Congress elected in 1860 began funding the transcontinental railroad, in July 1862. Nevada was admitted before the end of the Civil War in the next, 38th, Congress.

Vacant state delegations

Alabama — Arkansas — Florida — Georgia — Louisiana — Mississippi — North Carolina — South Carolina — Texas

Forty-three seats represented large numbers of citizens in nine states resisting the Lincoln administration of the United States government during the Civil War. The following state delegations were entirely vacated.

Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia are accounted for in the "Border South and Middle South" section.

Alabama

See also: List of United States representatives from Alabama

Alabama did not elect members to the House.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Alabama 1	James Stallworth	Democratic	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 12, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Alabama 2	James L. Pugh	Democratic	1859	Incumbent withdrew January 12, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Alabama 3	David Clopton	Democratic	1859	Incumbent withdrew January 21, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Alabama 4	Sydenham Moore	Democratic	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 21, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Alabama 5	George S. Houston	Democratic	1851	Incumbent withdrew January 21, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Alabama 6	Williamson Cobb	Democratic	1847	Incumbent withdrew January 30, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Alabama 7	Jabez L. M. Curry	Democratic	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 21, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.

Arkansas

See also: List of United States representatives from Arkansas

Arkansas elected its members on August 6, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Arkansas 1	Thomas C. Hindman	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected. Seat later vacated.	▌ Y Thomas C. Hindman (Democratic) 67.70% ▌Jesse N. Cypert (Independent) 32.60%
Arkansas 2	Albert Rust	Democratic	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Independent gain. Seat later vacated.	▌ Y Edward W. Gantt (Independent) 54.38% ▌Charles B. Mitchel (Democratic) 42.69% ▌James A. Jones (Independent) 2.92%

California

See also: List of United States representatives from California, 1860 United States Senate election in California, and 1860 United States Senate special election in California

From statehood to 1864, California's representatives were elected at large, with the top two vote-getters winning the election from 1849 to 1858. In the 1860 census, California gained a seat in the House.

California elected its members on September 4, 1861, after the first session of the new Congress began.

The top three vote-getters were elected, but only the top two were seated at the beginning of the session. When Congress later authorized California the third seat, Frederick Low was seated June 3, 1862.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
California at-large	John C. Burch	Democratic	1859	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Timothy Guy Phelps (Republican) 15.6% ▌ Y Aaron A. Sargent (Republican) 15.3% ▌ Y Frederick Low^[v] (Republican) 11.8% ▌Henry Edgerton (Independent) 10.7% ▌Joseph C. McKibben (Independent) 10.7% ▌Frank Ganahl (Breckinridge Democratic) 10.2% ▌Henry P. Barber (Independent) 9.5% ▌D. O. Shattuck (Independent) 9.5% ▌John R. Gitchell (Union Democratic) 6.8%
	Charles L. Scott	Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.
	None (new seat)			New seat. Republican gain.

Colorado Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

Connecticut

See also: List of United States representatives from Connecticut and 1860 United States Senate election in Connecticut

Connecticut elected its members on April 1, 1861, after the new term began but before Congress convened.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Connecticut 1	Dwight Loomis	Republican	1859	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Dwight Loomis (Republican) 50.35% ▌Alvan P. Hyde (Democratic) 49.65%^[26]
Connecticut 2	John Woodruff	Republican	1855 1856 (lost) 1859	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y James E. English (Democratic) 52.29% ▌John Woodruff (Republican) 47.71%^[27]
Connecticut 3	Alfred A. Burnham	Republican	1859	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Alfred A. Burnham (Republican) 57.25% ▌Rufus L. Baker (Democratic) 42.75%^[28]
Connecticut 4	Orris S. Ferry	Republican	1859	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y George C. Woodruff (Democratic) 50.18% ▌Orris S. Ferry (Republican) 49.82%^[29]

Dakota Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

Delaware

See also: List of United States representatives from Delaware

Delaware elected its member on November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Delaware at-large	William G. Whiteley	Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y George P. Fisher (Republican) 48.39% ▌Benjamin T. Biggs (Breckinridge Democratic) 46.85% ▌Elias Reed (Douglas Democratic) 4.76%

Florida

Main article: 1860 United States House of Representatives election in Florida

See also: List of United States representatives from Florida

Florida elected its member on October 1, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Florida at-large	George S. Hawkins	Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold. Seat later vacated.	▌ Y Robert Benjamin Hilton (Democratic) 59.89% ▌B. F. Allen (Opposition) 40.11%

Georgia

See also: List of United States representatives from Georgia

Georgia did not elect members to the House.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Georgia 1	Peter Early Love	Democratic	1859	Incumbent resigned January 23, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Georgia 2	Martin J. Crawford	Democratic	1855	Incumbent withdrew January 23, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Georgia 3	Thomas Hardeman Jr.	Opposition	1859	Incumbent withdrew January 23, 1861. No member elected. Opposition loss.	None.
Georgia 4	Lucius J. Gartrell	Democratic	1857	Incumbent resigned January 23, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Georgia 5	John W. H. Underwood	Democratic	1859	Incumbent withdrew January 23, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Georgia 6	James Jackson	Democratic	1857	Incumbent resigned January 23, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Georgia 7	Joshua Hill	Know Nothing	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 23, 1861. No member elected. Know Nothing loss.	None.
Georgia 8	John J. Jones	Democratic	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 23, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.

Illinois

See also: List of United States representatives from Illinois, 1861 Illinois's 6th congressional district special election, and 1861 United States Senate election in Illinois

Illinois elected its members on November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Illinois 1	Elihu B. Washburne	Republican	1852	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Elihu B. Washburne (Republican) 70.56% ▌Theodore A. C. Beard (Democratic) 29.39%
Illinois 2	John F. Farnsworth	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Isaac N. Arnold (Republican) 64.43% ▌Augustus N. Herrington (Democratic) 35.42%
Illinois 3	Owen Lovejoy	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Owen Lovejoy (Republican) 60.01% ▌Robert N. Murray (Democratic) 38.20% ▌William N. Murry (Independent) 1.79%
Illinois 4	William Kellogg	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William Kellogg (Republican) 54.65% ▌Robert G. Ingersoll (Democratic) 45.35%
Illinois 5	Isaac N. Morris	Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y William A. Richardson (Democratic) 53.58% ▌Benjamin M. Prentiss (Republican) 46.42%
Illinois 6	John A. McClernand	Democratic	1859 (special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John A. McClernand (Democratic) 56.63% ▌Henry Case (Republican) 43.38%
Illinois 7	James C. Robinson	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James C. Robinson (Democratic) 54.07% ▌James T. Cunningham (Republican) 45.93%
Illinois 8	Philip B. Fouke	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Philip B. Fouke (Democratic) 55.24% ▌Joseph Gillespie (Republican) 44.33% ▌Willis D. Green (Independent) 0.43%
Illinois 9	John A. Logan	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John A. Logan (Democratic) 80.03% ▌David T. Linegar (Independent) 19.97%

Indiana

See also: List of United States representatives from Indiana and 1860 United States Senate election in Indiana

Indiana elected its members on October 9, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Indiana 1	William E. Niblack	Democratic	1857	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y John Law (Democratic) 55.67% ▌Lemuel Q. Debruler (Republican) 44.33%
Indiana 2	William H. English	Democratic	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y James A. Cravens (Democratic) 51.28% ▌John S. Davis (Republican) 48.72%
Indiana 3	William M. Dunn	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William M. Dunn (Republican) 54.54% ▌William Mitchel Daily (Democratic) 45.46%
Indiana 4	William S. Holman	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William S. Holman (Democratic) 51.22% ▌James L. Yater (Republican) 48.78%
Indiana 5	David Kilgore	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y George W. Julian (Republican) 62.00% ▌William A. Bickle (Democratic) 38.00%
Indiana 6	Albert G. Porter	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Albert G. Porter (Republican) 52.29% ▌Robert L. Walpole (Democratic) 47.71%
Indiana 7	John G. Davis	Anti-Lecompton Democrat	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Daniel W. Voorhees (Democratic) 51.46% ▌Thomas H. Nelson (Republican) 47.28% ▌James A. Scott (Independent) 1.26%
Indiana 8	James Wilson	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Albert S. White (Republican) 53.67% ▌Samuel C. Wilson (Democratic) 46.33%
Indiana 9	Schuyler Colfax	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Schuyler Colfax (Republican) 55.71% ▌Charles W. Cathcart (Democratic) 44.29%
Indiana 10	Charles Case	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William Mitchell (Republican) 55.62% ▌Philip M. Henkle (Democratic) 44.38%
Indiana 11	John U. Pettit	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y John P. C. Shanks (Republican) 54.07% ▌Asbury Steele (Democratic) 45.93%

Iowa

See also: List of United States representatives from Iowa, 1861 Iowa's 1st congressional district special election, and 1860 United States Senate election in Iowa

Iowa elected its members on October 9, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Iowa 1	Samuel R. Curtis	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Samuel R. Curtis (Republican) 52.88% ▌C. C. Cole (Democratic) 47.12%
Iowa 2	William Vandever	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William Vandever (Republican) 57.50% ▌Ben M. Samuels (Democratic) 42.50%

Kansas

Main article: 1859 United States House of Representatives election in Kansas

See also: List of United States representatives from Kansas and 1861 United States Senate elections in Kansas

Kansas elected its member on December 1, 1859.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kansas at-large	Martin F. Conway	Republican	1859 (new state)	State admitted January 29, 1861.	▌ Y Martin F. Conway (Republican) [data missing]

Kentucky

See also: List of United States representatives from Kentucky and 1861 United States Senate special election in Kentucky

Kansas elected its members on June 20, 1861, after the new term began but before Congress convened.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Kentucky 1	Henry C. Burnett	Democratic	1855	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Henry C. Burnett (Democratic) [data missing]
Kentucky 2	Samuel Peyton	Democratic	1857	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y James S. Jackson (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 3	Francis Bristow	Opposition	1854 (special) 1855 (retired) 1859	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Henry Grider (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 4	William C. Anderson	Opposition	1859	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Aaron Harding (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 5	John Y. Brown	Democratic	1859	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Charles A. Wickliffe (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 6	George W. Dunlap	Opposition	1847 1849 (retired) 1859	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Charles A. Wickliffe (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 7	Robert Mallory	Opposition	1859	Incumbent re-elected in a new party. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Robert Mallory (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 8	William E. Simms	Democratic	1859	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y John J. Crittenden (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 9	Laban T. Moore	Opposition	1859	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y William H. Wadsworth (Unionist) [data missing]
Kentucky 10	John W. Stevenson	Democratic	1857	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y John W. Menzies (Unionist) [data missing]

Louisiana

See also: List of United States representatives from Louisiana

Louisiana seceded on January 26, 1861, and did not elect members of the 37th Congress.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Louisiana 1	John Edward Bouligny	Know Nothing	1859	No member elected. Know Nothing loss.	None.
Louisiana 2	Miles Taylor	Democratic	1855	Incumbent withdrew February 5, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Louisiana 3	Thomas G. Davidson	Democratic	1855	No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
Louisiana 4	John M. Landrum	Democratic	1859	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.

Maine

See also: List of United States representatives from Maine, 1860 Maine's 5th congressional district special election, and 1861 United States Senate special election in Maine

Maine elected its members on September 10, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maine 1	Daniel E. Somes	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y John N. Goodwin (Republican) 53.00% ▌Thomas M. Hayes (Democratic) 46.55% ▌Nathan Webb (Constitutional Union) 0.45%
Maine 2	John J. Perry	Republican	1854	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Charles W. Walton (Republican) 55.68% ▌Calvin Record (Democratic) 44.32%
Maine 3	Ezra B. French	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Samuel C. Fessenden (Republican) 52.54% ▌Alfred W. Johnson (Democratic) 47.46%
Maine 4	Freeman H. Morse	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Anson Morrill (Republican) 61.54% ▌Benjamin A. Fuller (Democratic) 35.30%
Maine 5	Israel Washburn Jr.	Republican	1850	Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Maine. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y John H. Rice (Republican) 59.81% ▌Samuel H. Blake (Democratic) 38.69% ▌Ebenezer Hutchinson (Independent) 1.04%
Maine 6	Stephen C. Foster	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Frederick A. Pike (Republican) 53.88% ▌Bion Bradbury (Democratic) 45.12%

Maryland

See also: List of United States representatives from Maryland and 1861 United States Senate election in Maryland

Maryland elected its members on June 13, 1861, after the new term began but before Congress convened.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Maryland 1	James A. Stewart	Democratic	1855	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y John W. Crisfield (Unionist) 57.39% ▌Daniel McHenry (States Rights) 42.61%
Maryland 2	Edwin H. Webster	Know Nothing	1859	Incumbent re-elected in a new party. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Edwin H. Webster (Unionist) 98.63% Scattering 1.37%^[30]
Maryland 3	James M. Harris	Know Nothing	1855	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Cornelius L. L. Leary (Unionist) ▌William P. Preston (States Rights) 48.05%^[31]
Maryland 4	Henry W. Davis	Know Nothing	1855	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Henry May (Unionist) 57.55% ▌Henry W. Davis (Unionist) 42.45%^[32]
Maryland 5	Jacob M. Kunkel	Democratic	1857	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Francis Thomas (Unionist) 96.18% Scattering 3.82%
Maryland 6	George W. Hughes	Democratic	1859	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Unionist gain.	▌ Y Charles B. Calvert (Unionist) 50.92% ▌Benjamin G. Harris (States Rights) 49.08%^[33]

Massachusetts

See also: List of United States representatives from Massachusetts, 1861 Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district special election, and 1861 Massachusetts's 5th congressional district special election

Massachusetts elected its members on November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts 1	Thomas D. Eliot	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas D. Eliot (Republican) 72.53% ▌Daniel Fisher (Constitutional Union) 10.47% ▌Moses Bates (Democratic) 8.66% ▌F. E. Sanford (Breckinridge Democratic) 8.34%
Massachusetts 2	James Buffington	Republican	1854	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James Buffington (Republican) 68.40% ▌Alexander Long (Democratic) 29.85%
Massachusetts 3	Charles Francis Adams Sr.	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles Francis Adams Sr. (Republican) 58.57% ▌Leverett Saltonstall (Democratic) 41.43%
Massachusetts 4	Alexander H. Rice	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Alexander H. Rice (Republican) 52.32% ▌Erastus B. Bigelow (Republican) 47.68%
Massachusetts 5	Anson Burlingame	Republican	1854	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Constitutional Union gain.	▌ Y William Appleton (Constitutional Union) 52.3% ▌Anson Burlingame (Republican) 47.7%
Massachusetts 6	John B. Alley	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John B. Alley (Democratic) 53.2% ▌Otis P. Lord (Constitutional Union) 16.16% ▌Jefferson Knight (Democratic) 14.39% ▌George B. Loring (Breckinridge Democratic) 4.72%
Massachusetts 7	Daniel W. Gooch	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Daniel W. Gooch (Republican) 60.48% ▌Charles A. Welch (Democratic) 35.79% ▌George Johnson (Breckinridge Democratic) 3.74%
Massachusetts 8	Charles R. Train	Republican	1859	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles R. Train (Republican) 64.88% ▌Alpheus R. Brown (Democratic) 16.72% ▌Winthrop E. Faulkner (Constitutional Union) 15.67% ▌James C. Abbott (Breckinridge Democratic) 2.74%
Massachusetts 9	Eli Thayer	Constitutional Union	1856	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Goldsmith Bailey (Republican) 54.74% ▌Eli Thayer ([Constitutional Unionist) 44.65% ▌S. W. Stevens (Breckinridge Democratic) 0.61%
Massachusetts 10	Charles Delano	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles Delano (Republican) 75.39% ▌Josiah Allis (Democratic) 19.02% ▌Benning Leavitt (Breckingridge Democratic) 5.59%
Massachusetts 11	Henry L. Dawes	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Henry L. Dawes (Republican) 67.71% ▌Norman T. Leonard (Democratic) 28.60% ▌John M. Cole (Breckinridge Democratic) 3.69%

Michigan

See also: List of United States representatives from Michigan

Michigan its members on the November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Michigan 1	William A. Howard	Republican	1854	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Bradley F. Granger (Republican) 52.51% ▌George V. Lathrop (Democratic) 47.04% ▌John Conely (Independent) 0.45%
Michigan 2	Henry Waldron	Republican	1854	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Fernando C. Beaman (Republican) 60.16% ▌Salathiel C. Coffenberry (Democratic) 39.84%
Michigan 3	Francis W. Kellogg	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Francis W. Kellogg (Republican) 59.04% ▌Thomas B. Church (Democratic) 40.59% ▌John Bell (Independent) 0.37%
Michigan 4	Dewitt C. Leach	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Rowland E. Trowbridge (Republican) 55.79% ▌Edward Thompson (Democratic) 44.21%

Minnesota

See also: List of United States representatives from Minnesota

Minnesota elected its members on November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Minnesota at-large	Cyrus Aldrich (Republican)	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Cyrus Aldrich (Republican) 31.75% ▌William Windom (Republican) 31.51% ▌John M. Gilman (Democratic) 17.30% ▌James George (Democratic) 17.24% ▌Alonzo Jay Edgerton (Breckinridge Democratic) 1.12% ▌James W. Taylor (Breckinridge Democratic) 1.09%
Minnesota at-large	William Windom (Republican)	1858	Incumbent re-elected.

Mississippi

See also: List of United States representatives from Mississippi

Mississippi seceded on January 9, 1861, and did not elect members of the 37th Congress.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Mississippi 1	Lucius Q. C. Lamar	Democratic	1857	Incumbent retired December 1860. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None
Mississippi 2	Reuben Davis	Democratic	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 12, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None
Mississippi 3	William Barksdale	Democratic	1855	Incumbent withdrew January 12, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None
Mississippi 4	Otho R. Singleton	Democratic	1857	Incumbent withdrew January 12, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None
Mississippi 5	John J. McRae	Democratic	1858 (special)	Incumbent withdrew January 12, 1861. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None

Missouri

See also: List of United States representatives from Missouri, 1860 Missouri's 1st congressional district special election, and 1861 United States Senate election in Missouri

Missouri elected its members on September 10, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Missouri 1	John Richard Barret	Democratic	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Francis Preston Blair Jr. (Republican) 44.11% ▌John Richard Barret (Democratic) 38.39% ▌Albert Todd (Constitutional Union) 17.50%
Missouri 2	Thomas L. Anderson	Independent Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Constitutional Union gain.	▌ Y James S. Rollins (Constitutional Union) 50.57% ▌John B. Henderson (Democratic) 49.43%
Missouri 3	John Bullock Clark	Democratic	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John Bullock Clark (Democratic) 59.06% ▌M. C. Hawkins (Constitutional Union) 40.94%
Missouri 4	James Craig	Democratic	1856	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected.^[34] Democratic hold	▌ Y Elijah Hise Norton (Democratic) 62.30% ▌John Scott (Constitutional Union) 37.70%
Missouri 5	Samuel H. Woodson	American	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y John William Reid (Democratic) 52.84% ▌F. T. Mitchell (Constitutional Union) 47.16%
Missouri 6	John S. Phelps	Democratic	1844	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John S. Phelps (Democratic) 48.89% ▌J. S. Rains (Constitutional Union) 40.02% ▌William C. Price (Ind. Democratic) 11.09%
Missouri 7	John William Noell	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John William Noell (Democratic) 73.64% ▌David E. Perryman (Constitutional Union) 26.37%

Nebraska Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

Nevada Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

New Hampshire

See also: List of United States representatives from New Hampshire and 1861 United States Senate election in New Hampshire

New Hampshire elected its members on March 12, 1861, after the new term began but before Congress convened.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Hampshire 1	Gilman Marston	Republican	1859	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Gilman Marston (Republican) 52.86% ▌Daniel Marcy (Democratic) 47.14%^[35]
New Hampshire 2	Mason Tappan	Republican	1855	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Edward H. Rollins (Republican) 52.36 ▌Samuel N. Bell (Democratic) 47.64%^[36]
New Hampshire 3	Thomas M. Edwards	Republican	1859	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas M. Edwards (Republican) 54.23% ▌William Burns (Democratic) 45.77%^[37]

New Jersey

See also: List of United States representatives from New Jersey

New Jersey its members on the November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New Jersey 1	John T. Nixon	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John T. Nixon (Republican) 53.46% ▌Joseph F. Learning (Democratic) 46.54%
New Jersey 2	John L. N. Stratton	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John L. N. Stratton (Republican) 52.77% ▌Augustus Green (Democratic) 47.23%
New Jersey 3	Garnett Adrain	Anti-Lecompton Democrat	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y William G. Steele (Democratic) 55.17% ▌Alexander Berthoud (Republican) 44.84%
New Jersey 4	Jetur R. Riggs	Anti-Lecompton Democrat	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y George T. Cobb (Democratic) 52.63% ▌Benjamin Edsell (Republican) 47.37%
New Jersey 5	William Pennington	Republican	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Nehemiah Perry (Democratic) 50.63% ▌William Pennington (Republican) 49.38%

New Mexico Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

New York

See also: List of United States representatives from New York, 1860 New York's 31st congressional district special election, and 1861 United States Senate election in New York

New York its members on the November 6, 1860 Election Day.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
New York 1	Luther C. Carter	Republican	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Edward H. Smith (Democratic) 52.78% ▌Luther C. Carter (Republican) 47.22%
New York 2	James Humphrey	Republican	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Moses F. Odell (Democratic) 55.07% ▌James Humphrey (Republican) 44.93%
New York 3	Daniel Sickles	Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Benjamin Wood (Democratic) 52.83% ▌Amer J. Williamson (Republican) 41.11% ▌John Y. Savage (Ind. Democratic) 6.05%
New York 4	Thomas J. Barr	Independent Democratic	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Independent Democratic hold.	▌ Y James Kerrigan (Ind. Democratic) 41.30% ▌Michael Tuomy (Democratic) 32.02% ▌John Commerford (Republican) 26.68%
New York 5	William B. Maclay	Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y William Wall (Republican) 41.00% ▌Nelson Taylor (Democratic) 40.61% ▌John Duffy (Ind. Democratic) 18.39%
New York 6	John Cochrane	Democratic	1856	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Frederick A. Conkling (Republican) 35.10% ▌John Cochrane (Ind. Democratic) 34.16% ▌John W. Chanler (Democratic) 30.74%
New York 7	George Briggs	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Elijah Ward (Democratic) 56.23% ▌Augustus F. Dow (Republican) 43.77%
New York 8	Horace F. Clark	Anti-Lecompton Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Isaac C. Delaplaine (Democratic) 59.04% ▌Abram Wakeman (Republican) 40.96%
New York 9	John B. Haskin	Anti-Lecompton Democratic	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Edward Haight (Democratic) 53.54% ▌Thomas Nelson (Republican) 46.46%
New York 10	Charles Van Wyck	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles Van Wyck (Republican) 50.45% ▌Daniel B. St. John (Democratic) 49.55%
New York 11	William S. Kenyon	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y John B. Steele (Democratic) 50.38% ▌Peter H. Silvester (Republican) 49.62%
New York 12	Charles Lewis Beale	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Stephen Baker (Republican) 51.99% ▌Ambrose Wager (Democratic) 46.34% ▌John H. Overheister (Breckinridge Democratic) 1.67%
New York 13	Abram B. Olin	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Abram B. Olin (Republican) 51.13% ▌Issac McConihe (Democratic) 48.87%
New York 14	John H. Reynolds	Anti-Lecompton Democratic	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Erastus Corning (Democratic) 51.85% ▌Thomas W. Olcott (Republican) 48.15%
New York 15	James B. McKean	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James B. McKean (Republican) 58.76% ▌Emerson E. Davis (Democratic) 41.24%
New York 16	George W. Palmer	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William A. Wheeler (Republican) 58.73% ▌Augustus C. Hand (Democratic) 41.27%
New York 17	Francis E. Spinner	Republican	1854	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Socrates N. Sherman (Republican) 68.39% ▌Henry G. Foote (Democratic) 31.61%
New York 18	Clark B. Cochrane	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Chauncey Vibbard (Democratic) 50.88% ▌Simon H. Mix (Republican) 49.12%
New York 19	James H. Graham	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Richard Franchot (Republican) 56.97% ▌Lyman J. Walworth (Democratic) 43.03%
New York 20	Roscoe Conkling	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Roscoe Conkling (Republican) 58.28% ▌De Witt C. Grover (Democratic) 41.72%
New York 21	R. Holland Duell	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y R. Holland Duell (Republican) 62.21% ▌Simon C. Hitchcock (Democratic) 21.94% ▌Judson C. Nelson (Breckinridge Democratic) 15.86%
New York 22	M. Lindley Lee	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William E. Lansing (Republican) 63.73% ▌B. Franklin Chapman (Democratic) 36.27%
New York 23	Charles B. Hoard	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Ambrose W. Clark (Republican) 59.90% ▌James F. Starbuck (Democratic) 38.21% ▌George C. Sherman (Breckinridge Democratic) 1.90%
New York 24	Charles B. Sedgwick	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Charles B. Sedgwick (Republican) 60.42% ▌Lake Tefft (Democratic) 32.92% ▌Luther Hay (Breckinridge Democratic) 6.67%
New York 25	Martin Butterfield	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Theodore M. Pomeroy (Republican) 64.46% ▌William C. Beardsley (Democratic) 35.54%
New York 26	Emory B. Pottle	Republican	1856	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Jacob P. Chamberlain (Republican) 58.26% ▌John L. Lewis (Democratic) 41.02% ▌George N. Clark (Independent) 0.72%
New York 27	Alfred Wells	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Alexander S. Diven (Republican) 57.20% ▌Harvey A. Dowe (Democratic) 42.80%
New York 28	William Irvine	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (Republican) 60.75% ▌Charles C. Walker (Democratic) 39.25%
New York 29	Alfred Ely	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Alfred Ely (Republican) 59.41% ▌Mortimer F. Reynolds (Democratic) 40.59%
New York 30	Augustus Frank	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Augustus Frank (Republican) 67.49% ▌Martin F. Robinson (Democratic) 32.51%
New York 31	Edwin R. Reynolds	Republican	1860	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Burt Van Horn (Republican) 58.81% ▌Phineas L. Ely (Democratic) 39.94% ▌Jonathan L. Woods (Breckinridge Democratic) 1.26%
New York 32	Elbridge G. Spaulding	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Elbridge G. Spaulding (Republican) 52.82% ▌Solomon G. Haven (Democratic) 47.18%
New York 33	Reuben Fenton	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Reuben Fenton (Republican) 66.79% ▌Charles H. Lee (Democratic) 33.21%

North Carolina

See also: List of United States representatives from North Carolina and 1861 United States Senate election in North Carolina

North Carolina seceded on May 20, 1861, and did not elect members of the 37th Congress.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
North Carolina 1	William N. H. Smith	Opposition	1859	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Opposition loss.	None.
North Carolina 2	Thomas H. Ruffin	Democratic	1853	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
North Carolina 3	Warren Winslow	Democratic	1855	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
North Carolina 4	Lawrence O'Bryan Branch	Democratic	1855	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
North Carolina 5	John A. Gilmer	Opposition	1857	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Opposition loss.	None.
North Carolina 6	James M. Leach	Opposition	1859	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Opposition loss.	None.
North Carolina 7	F. Burton Craige	Democratic	1853	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.
North Carolina 8	Zebulon B. Vance	Democratic	1858 (Special)	Incumbent retired. No member elected. Democratic loss.	None.

Ohio

See also: List of United States representatives from Ohio, 1861 Ohio's 7th congressional district special election, 1861 Ohio's 13th congressional district special election, 1860 United States Senate election in Ohio, and 1861 United States Senate special election in Ohio

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates^[38]
Ohio 1	George H. Pendleton	Democratic	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y George H. Pendleton (Democratic) 48.87% ▌Oliver M. Spencer (Republican) 42.97% ▌A. E. Jones (Constitutional Union) 8.16%
Ohio 2	John A. Gurley	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John A. Gurley (Republican) 48.09% ▌Alexander Long (Democratic) 43.08% ▌John Scott Harrison (Constitutional Union) 8.83%
Ohio 3	Clement Vallandigham	Democratic	1858 (Won contest)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Clement Vallandigham (Democratic) 50.16% ▌Samuel Craighead (Republican) 49.55% ▌Andrew McClary (Independent) 0.30%
Ohio 4	William Allen	Democratic	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y William Allen (Democratic) 51.73% ▌James Hart (Republican) 48.27%
Ohio 5	James M. Ashley	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y James M. Ashley (Republican) 52.29% ▌James B. Steedman (Democratic) 47.71%
Ohio 6	William Howard	Democratic	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y Chilton A. White (Democratic) 53.23% ▌David H. Murphy (Republican) 46.77%
Ohio 7	Thomas Corwin	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Thomas Corwin (Republican) 69.95% ▌William B. Telfair (Democratic) 20.16% ▌William Stokes (Constitutional Union) 9.89%
Ohio 8	Benjamin Stanton	Republican	1854	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Samuel Shellabarger (Republican) 57.55% ▌James S. Harrison (Democratic) 41.23% ▌Edward P. Fyffe (Constitutional Union) 1.22%
Ohio 9	John Carey	Republican	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Warren P. Noble (Democratic) 51.12% ▌John Carey (Republican) 48.88%
Ohio 10	Carey A. Trimble	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Carey Trimble (Republican) 51.26% ▌Wells A. Hutchins (Democratic) 48.74%
Ohio 11	Charles D. Martin	Democratic	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Republican gain.	▌ Y Valentine B. Horton (Republican) 51.49% ▌Charles D. Martin (Democratic) 48.52%
Ohio 12	Samuel S. Cox	Democratic	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Samuel S. Cox (Democratic) 51.69% ▌Samuel Galloway (Republican) 47.54% ▌Thomas Sparrow (Independent) 0.77%
Ohio 13	John Sherman	Republican	1854	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John Sherman (Republican) 57.16% ▌Barnabas Burns (Democratic) 42.84%
Ohio 14	Harrison G. O. Blake	Republican	(Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Harrison G. O. Blake (Republican) 57.08% ▌Charles D. Prentiss (Democratic) 42.92%
Ohio 15	William Helmick	Republican	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y Robert H. Nugen (Democratic) 52.14% ▌William Helmick (Republican) 47.87%
Ohio 16	Cydnor B. Tompkins	Republican	1856	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William P. Cutler (Republican) 50.19% ▌Hugh J. Jewett (Democratic) 49.81%
Ohio 17	Thomas C. Theaker	Republican	1858	Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Democratic gain.	▌ Y James R. Morris (Democratic) 51.00% ▌Thomas C. Theaker (Republican) 45.17% ▌M. J. Glover (Constitutional Union) 3.83%
Ohio 18	Sidney Edgerton	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Sidney Edgerton (Republican) 58.29% ▌David A. Starkweather (Democratic) 41.71%
Ohio 19	Edward Wade	Republican	1852	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y Albert G. Riddle (Republican) 69.06% ▌Andrew J. Williams (Democratic) 30.94%
Ohio 20	John Hutchins	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John Hutchins (Republican) 71.97% ▌David M. Wilson (Democratic) 28.03%
Ohio 21	John A. Bingham	Republican	1854	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John A. Bingham (Republican) 61.17% ▌George Wells (Democratic) 33.71% ▌J. S. Blakely (Independent) 5.12%

Oregon

See also: List of United States representatives from Oregon and 1860 United States Senate special election in Oregon

Poorly coordinated state legislation created confusion. As a result, two elections were held in 1860: on June 4 (won by George K. Shiel and on November 6 (won by Andrew J. Thayer). Thayer was seated March 4, 1861, but Shiel contested the election. On July 30, 1861, the House Elections Committee seated the Shiel for the rest of the term ending March 3, 1863. Both disputants were Democrats.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Oregon at-large	Lansing Stout	Democratic	1858	Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected June 4, 1860. Democratic hold. Winner successfully challenged the results of the other election and was seated July 30, 1861.	▌ Y George Shiel (Democratic) 50.36% ▌David Logan (Republican) 49.64%^[39]
				Incumbent lost renomination. New member elected November 6, 1860. Democratic hold. Winner was initially seated but later lost election challenge.	▌ Y Andrew J. Thayer (Democratic) 96.45% ▌George Shiel (Democratic) 3.08% ▌Joseph Showalter Smith (Democratic) 0.47%^[40]

Pennsylvania

See also: List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania, 1860 Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district special election, 1861 Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district special election, 1861 Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district special election, 1861 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania, and 1861 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania elected its members on October 9, 1860.

District	Incumbent			This race
	Member	Party	First elected	Results	Candidates
Pennsylvania 1	Thomas B. Florence	Democratic	1848	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Democratic hold.	▌ Y William E. Lehman (Democratic) 44.98% ▌John M. Butler (Republican) 44.28% ▌Edward King (Constitutional Union) 10.74%
Pennsylvania 2	Edward J. Morris	Republican	1856	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y Edward J. Morris (Republican) 46.61% ▌John Broadhead (Democratic) 40.29% ▌Henry M. Fuller (Constitutional Union) 13.11%
Pennsylvania 3	John P. Verree	Republican	1858	Incumbent re-elected.	▌ Y John P. Verree (Republican) 49.07% ▌John Kline (Democratic) 48.95% ▌Henry M. Hamilton (Constitutional Union) 1.97%
Pennsylvania 4	William Millward	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ Y William D. Kelley (Republican) 49.27% ▌William Morgan (Republican) 43.42% ▌John B. Robinson (Constitutional Union) 7.31%
Pennsylvania 5	John Wood	Republican	1858	Incumbent retired. New member elected. Republican hold.	▌ January 01, 1970 Latest articles January 06, 2023 G.E. True January 07, 2023 G.J. Mellenbergh January 10, 2023 G. A. Henty January 06, 2023 G. C. Waldrep January 07, 2023 G. Gnanasambandam January 07, 2023 G. D. Spradlin January 07, 2023 G. David Schine in Hell January 10, 2023 G. G. Mayekar January 10, 2023 G. Kamble January 14, 2023 G. H. Bent Company Most Read December 27, 2022 Iran Meteorological Organization January 10, 2023 Iran Scout Organization December 29, 2022 Iran at the 2007 Asian Winter Games January 03, 2023 Iran men's national water polo team January 07, 2023 Iran national under-23 football team 1860, united, states, house, representatives, elections, were, held, various, dates, various, states, between, august, 1860, october, 1861, before, after, first, session, 37th, united, states, congress, convened, july, 1861, number, house, seats, initially, in. The 1860 61 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 6 1860 and October 24 1861 before or after the first session of the 37th United States Congress convened on July 4 1861 The number of House seats initially increased to 239 when California was apportioned an extra one but these elections were affected by the outbreak of the American Civil War and resulted in over 56 vacancies 1860 61 United States House of Representatives elections 1858 amp 1859 August 6 1860 October 24 1861 1862 amp 1863 All 183 seats in the United States House of Representatives92 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Leader William Pennington Samuel Cox Party Republican Democratic Leader s seat New Jersey 5th lost re election Ohio 12th Last election 116 seats 83 seats Seats won 106 44 Seat change 10 54 Popular vote 1 793 876 1 520 785 Percentage 46 91 39 77 Swing 10 32 8 29 Third party Fourth party Party Unionist Southern Rights Last election 0 seats 0 seats Seats won 31 a 1 Seat change 31 1 Popular vote 324 992 b 52 501 c Percentage 8 50 1 37 Swing New New Fifth party Party Independent Last election 15 seats d Seats won 1 e Seat change 14 Popular vote 105 210 f Percentage 2 75 Swing 4 16 Results Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Unionist gain Independent holdSpeaker before election William Pennington Republican Elected Speaker Galusha Grow Republican In November 1860 Republican Abraham Lincoln won the Presidency Though Republicans lost seats the party won a House majority anyway as seven slave states reacted to Lincoln s election by seceding before the Presidential inauguration These seceding states formed the Confederacy in February 1861 while withdrawing many Representatives and Senators from Congress almost all Democrats As both sides in the impending American Civil War initially mobilized troops another four slave states seceded by May 1861 in response to Lincoln s policy of using Federal force to defend Federal property and to coerce the seven initially seceding states The four remaining slave states did not secede electing and returning Representatives normally Unionist regions of three seceding states returned ten Representatives five from western Virginia three from eastern Tennessee and two from southern Louisiana Except for a tiny minority of outspoken Democrats all Representatives supported the Union Representatives opposing Democrats but unwilling to identify as Republican particularly from slave states and including some remaining nativist American Party members coalesced as the Unionist Party In coalition with the Unionists Republicans commanded over a two thirds House supermajority 1 Contents 1 Election summaries 2 Special elections 2 1 36th Congress 2 2 37th Congress 3 Impact of the secessionist movement 4 End of a Congressional era 5 Results by region 5 1 New England 5 2 North Central 5 3 Border North 5 4 Border South and Middle South 5 5 Trans Mississippi West 5 6 Vacant state delegations 6 Alabama 7 Arkansas 8 California 9 Colorado Territory 10 Connecticut 11 Dakota Territory 12 Delaware 13 Florida 14 Georgia 15 Illinois 16 Indiana 17 Iowa 18 Kansas 19 Kentucky 20 Louisiana 21 Maine 22 Maryland 23 Massachusetts 24 Michigan 25 Minnesota 26 Mississippi 27 Missouri 28 Nebraska Territory 29 Nevada Territory 30 New Hampshire 31 New Jersey 32 New Mexico Territory 33 New York 34 North Carolina 35 Ohio 36 Oregon 37 Pennsylvania 38 Rhode Island 39 South Carolina 40 Tennessee 41 Texas 42 Utah Territory 43 Vermont 44 Virginia 45 Washington Territory 46 Wisconsin 47 Non voting delegates 48 See also 49 Notes 50 References 51 Bibliography 52 External linksElection summaries editCalifornia was apportioned one additional seat for the 37th Congress 2 increasing the total seats to 239 Representatives from seceding states overwhelmingly were Democrats Withdrawal of these Representatives boosted Republican House control Some seceding states held Federal elections but seceded before the elected Representatives served Other seceding states held no Federal elections 44 1 108 30 Democratic g Republican Unionist State Type Date Totalseats Democratic Republican Unionist h Others Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Seats Change Kansas i At large December 1 1859 1 0 nbsp 1 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Oregon At large June 4 1860 1 1 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Arkansas District August 6 1860 2 2 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Missouri District August 6 1860 7 5 nbsp 1 1 nbsp 1 1 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 1 j Vermont District September 4 1860 3 0 nbsp 3 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Maine District September 10 1860 6 0 nbsp 6 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Florida At large October 1 1860 1 1 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp South Carolina District October 8 9 1860 6 6 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Indiana District October 9 1860 11 4 nbsp 7 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Iowa District October 9 1860 2 0 nbsp 2 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Ohio District October 9 1860 21 8 nbsp 2 13 nbsp 2 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Pennsylvania District October 9 1860 25 6 nbsp 1 19 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Delaware At large November 6 1860 Election Day k 1 0 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 1 nbsp 1 0 nbsp Illinois District 9 5 nbsp 4 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Massachusetts District 11 0 nbsp 10 nbsp 1 1 nbsp 1 0 nbsp Michigan District 4 0 nbsp 1 4 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Minnesota At large 2 0 nbsp 2 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp New Jersey District 5 3 nbsp 1 2 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 0 nbsp New York District 33 10 e nbsp 3 23 nbsp 3 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Wisconsin District 3 0 nbsp 1 3 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Late elections after the March 4 1861 beginning of the term New Hampshire District March 12 1861 3 0 nbsp 3 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Connecticut District April 1 1861 4 2 nbsp 2 2 nbsp 2 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Rhode Island District April 3 1861 2 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 2 2 nbsp 2 0 nbsp Maryland District June 13 1861 6 0 nbsp 3 0 nbsp 6 nbsp 6 0 nbsp 3 j Kentucky District June 20 1861 10 1 nbsp 4 0 nbsp 9 nbsp 9 0 nbsp 5 l Late elections after the July 4 1861 beginning of the first session of the 37th Congress Tennessee m District August 1 1861 3 10 n 0 nbsp 3 0 nbsp 3 nbsp 3 0 nbsp 7 l California At large September 4 1861 3 o 0 nbsp 3 nbsp 1 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Seceded states not holding full elections Alabama District None 7 0 nbsp 7 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Georgia District None 8 0 nbsp 6 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 2 p Louisiana District None 4 0 nbsp 3 0 nbsp 2 q nbsp 2 0 nbsp 1 l Mississippi District None 5 0 nbsp 5 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp North Carolina District None 8 0 nbsp 5 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 3 l Texas District None 2 0 nbsp 2 0 nbsp 0 nbsp 0 nbsp Virginia District None 13 r 0 nbsp 12 0 nbsp 5 s nbsp 5 0 nbsp 1 l Total t 18158 vacancies 45 e 24 6 nbsp 53 10859 0 nbsp 8 3016 4 nbsp 30 00 0 nbsp 24 u Popular vote Republican 46 91 Democratic 39 77 Unionist 8 50 Southern Rights 1 37 Independent 2 75 Others 0 70 House seats Republican 57 92 Democratic 24 04 Unionist 16 94 Southern Rights 0 55 Independent 0 55 Special elections editSee also List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives There were special elections in 1860 61 during the 36th United States Congress and 37th United States Congress 36th Congress edit District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Missouri 1 Francis P Blair Jr Republican 18561858 lost 1860 contested Incumbent resigned June 25 1860 New member elected October 3 1860 Democratic gain Winner lost election to the next term see below nbsp Y John R Barret Democratic 50 27 Francis P Blair Jr Republican 49 70 Albert Todd Know Nothing 0 02 4 Pennsylvania 8 John Schwartz Anti LecomptonDemocratic 1858 Incumbent died June 20 1860 New member elected October 9 1860 Democratic hold Winner was not a candidate for election to the next term nbsp Y Jacob K McKenty Democratic 56 19 James McKnight Republican 43 81 5 Maine 5 Israel Washburn Jr Republican 1850 Incumbent resigned January 1 1861 to become Governor of Maine New member elected November 6 1860 Republican hold Winner was not a candidate for election to the next term nbsp Y Stephen Coburn Republican 65 86 Joseph D Brown Democratic 14 47 Joseph Chase Breckinridge Democratic 14 92 Abner Coburn Independent 0 86 Ebenezer Hutchinson Constitutional Union 0 57 Samuel H Blake Independent 0 32 6 New York 31 Silas M Burroughs Republican 1856 Incumbent died June 3 1860 New member elected November 6 1860 Republican hold nbsp Y Edwin R Reynolds Republican 59 02 Linus J Peck Democratic 39 09 James L Bowen Breckinridge Democratic 1 89 7 37th Congress edit District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Ohio 7 Thomas Corwin Republican 1858 Incumbent resigned March 12 1861 to become U S Minister to Mexico New member elected May 28 1861 Unionist gain Winner seated July 4 1861 nbsp Y Richard A Harrison Unionist 52 65 Aaron Harlan Democratic 47 35 8 Ohio 13 John Sherman Republican 1854 Incumbent resigned March 12 1861 to become U S Senator New member elected May 28 1861 Republican hold Winner seated July 4 1861 nbsp Y Samuel T Worcester Republican 55 85 William McLaughlin Democratic 44 15 9 Massachusetts 3 Charles F Adams Sr Republican 1858 Incumbent resigned May 1 1861 to become Ambassador to Great Britain New member elected June 11 1861 Unionist gain nbsp Y Benjamin Thomas Unionist 90 80 Eleazar Beal Unknown 9 2 10 Pennsylvania 2 Edward Joy Morris Republican 1856 Incumbent resigned June 8 1861 to become U S Minister Resident to Turkey New member elected June 21 1861 Democratic gain Winner seated July 2 1861 nbsp Y Charles J Biddle Democratic 51 59 Charles O Neill Republican 48 41 11 Pennsylvania 12 George W Scranton Republican 1858 Incumbent died March 24 1861 New member elected June 21 1861 Democratic gain Winner seated July 4 1861 nbsp Y Hendrick B Wright Democratic 67 82 David R Randall Independent 12 Iowa 1 Samuel Curtis Republican 1856 Incumbent resigned August 4 1861 to become colonel of the 2nd Iowa Infantry New member elected October 8 1861 Republican hold nbsp Y James F Wilson Republican 56 66 Jairus Edward Neal Democratic 40 94 Scattering 2 40 13 Virginia 11 John S Carlile Unionist 1859 Incumbent resigned July 9 1861 to become United States Senator from the loyal faction of Virginia New member elected October 24 1861 14 Unionist hold Winner took his seat December 2 1861 nbsp Y Jacob B Blair Unionist data missing Massachusetts 5 William Appleton ConstitutionalUnion 18501854 lost 1860 Incumbent resigned September 27 1861 due to failing health New member elected November 5 1861 Republican gain Winner seated December 2 1861 nbsp Y Samuel Hooper Republican 56 14 George B Upton Democratic 43 87 15 Illinois 6 John A McClernand Democratic 1859 special Incumbent resigned October 28 1861 to accept a commission as brigadier general of volunteers for service in the Civil War New member elected December 12 1861 Democratic hold nbsp Y Anthony L Knapp Democratic 97 99 Scattering 2 01 16 Impact of the secessionist movement edit nbsp United States 37th Congress 1861 Pro union Free states dark blue Pro Union Slave states light blue West Virginia abolished slavery with statehood Secessionist Convention Slave states redThe numbers in Congress are reduced by the vacant seats In the wake of the declared secession of South Carolina from the Union on December 20 1860 many Southern House members mostly Democrats refused to take their seats Before 1872 different states held elections at various times the first elections for the 37th Congress were held on August 6 1860 in Arkansas and Missouri while the last election took place in California on September 4 1861 a year later Three Southern states Arkansas Florida and South Carolina chose Representatives before the presidential election electing seven Democrats and two independents These were the only House elections from the seceding states to the 37th Congress After South Carolina resolved disunion and the Confederate States of America was formed other Southern states declared as well and elected Representatives to the new Congress of the Confederate States instead of the United States Congress Since the states not holding elections had many strong Democratic districts in the previous 36th Congress their Representatives included a total of 46 Democrats 14 Oppositionists five independents and one member of the American Party when Congress was called into session on July 4 1861 five months earlier than usual at the time the size of the Democratic House caucus had been drastically reduced resulting in a huge Republican majority Of the 183 seats 102 were held by Republicans 45 by Democrats e 23 by Unionists and five others by one party each There were several vacancies and California had not held its election when Congress assembled End of a Congressional era editUS Congressional Party Transformation 1857 1863 17 Congress 35th1857 59 36th1859 61 37th1861 63 United States House of Representatives Seats change 237 3 238 1 183 55 Republicans 90 38 116 49 108 59 Unionists 0 0 0 0 31 17 Americans 14 6 39 16 4 way split 0 0 Democrats 133 56 83 35 44 24 United States Senate Seats change 66 4 68 2 50 18 Republicans 20 30 26 38 31 62 Unionists 0 0 0 0 3 6 Americans 5 8 2 3 0 0 Democrats 41 62 38 58 15 30 In 1860 Lincoln s campaign brought the Republicans the Presidency Likewise the congressional elections also marked the transition from one major era of political parties to another In just six years over the course of the 35th 36th th Congresses a complete reversal of party fortunes swamped the Democrats 18 nbsp Columbia switches Stephen A Douglas labeled with early election date news from Maine Uncle Sam looks on approvingly Other early returns in PA OH and IN showed good prospects for Republicans in the upcoming federal elections 19 Elections for Congress were held from August 1860 to June 1861 They were held before during and after the pre determined Presidential campaign And they were held before during and after the secessionist campaigns in various states as they were reported throughout the country Political conditions varied hugely from time to time during the course of congressional selection but they had been shifting to a considerable extent in the years running up to the crisis 20 In the 1856 elections the Democrats had taken the Presidency for the sixth time in the last 40 years with James Buchanan s victory over John C Fremont and Millard Fillmore They held almost a two thirds majority in both the US House and Senate Democrats held onto the Senate during the midterm elections but the four opposition parties then amounted to two thirds of the House The congressional elections in 1860 transformed Democratic fortunes Republican and Unionist candidates won a two thirds majority in both House and Senate 21 After the secessionist withdrawal resignation and expulsion the Democrats would have less than 25 of the House for the 37th Congress and that minority divided further between pro unionists Stephen Douglas and anti war Clement Vallandingham factions 22 Results by region editThe politics of these elections were distinctive in every region of the country The more conventional listing of Members in their state delegations alphabetically by state can be found in the 37th Congress article Party Total seats Change Percentage Republican 108 8 59 0 Democratic 44 39 24 0 Independent Democratic 1 0 5 Constitutional Unionist 30 30 16 3 Totals 183 56 100 0 Each Region below lists the states composing it using Freehling s descriptions from 1860 The Representative s biographies are linked at their names Each congressional district has a link named by its state abbreviation and its assigned number or noted At large election In a time before the Census Department published aggregate population data by congressional district the reader may have ready access to census data identifying the makeup of those each district by referring to their respective articles The articles use different formats The constituent counties of congressional districts are sometimes listed in a content heading List of representatives within tables These tables have a column naming the District s counties for each election such as a District Area for Massachusetts or b Area for Illinois and Maryland Virginia uses Historical composition of the district to describe composition at each reapportionment Pennsylvania notes the home county of the elected representative sometimes holding the largest population for respective districts Minnesota makes a geographical allusion for its 1st District applicable to the 37th Congress Michigan uses History since 1852 for its 4th district In some states previous district composition is not described New England edit Connecticut Maine Massachusetts New Hampshire Rhode Island Vermont dd The twenty nine seats in the House among these six states are divided 24 Republican two Union one Constitutional Union and two Democratic The region is important nationally in manufacturing and intellectually as the center of literature Transcendentalism and the abolition movement North Central edit New Jersey New York dd The 38 Representatives from this region would seat 25 Republicans and thirteen Democrats This region had the closest commercial and social ties to the South due to its sea going commerce and trans shipping cotton to local textile plants and for export Border North edit Illinois Indiana Michigan Ohio Pennsylvania Wisconsin dd The 73 seats in this region were split 50 Republican 23 Democratic Illinois is the only state here with more Democrats than Republicans These are free soil states north of the Mason Dixon line These states had either abolished slavery or Congress had forbidden it in their Territory and they had forbidden it at the beginning of their statehood 23 Border South and Middle South edit Delaware Kentucky Maryland Missouri Tennessee Virginia dd Of the 47 Representatives in these six states 24 are Union Party 1 Constitutional Union 6 Democratic would be vacant in Virginia and Tennessee These were slaveholding states all south of the Mason Dixon line The border south states had less than 2 to more than 19 of their 1860 population held as slaves with an average of 13 middle south states ranged from 25 to 33 slaves with an average of 29 Deep South 43 57 except Texas with 30 24 Eight seats in Virginia and seven seats in Tennessee represented large numbers of citizens resisting the Lincoln administration of the United States government during the Civil War They were declared vacant in 37th Congress documents 25 Trans Mississippi West edit California Iowa Kansas Minnesota Oregon Non voting members dd West of the Mississippi there were 16 Representatives from states and 9 Delegates from territories The states elected nine Republicans and one Democrat The Territories elected four Republicans one Democrat and two Independents When California entered the Union it broke the free soil slave state tie in the Senate Minnesota and Oregon followed as free soil states Once Congress was depleted of the secessionist Democrats the lame duck 36th Congress admitted Kansas as a free state in January 1861 in time for it to send a Representative to the 37th Congress in March The Republican Congress elected in 1860 began funding the transcontinental railroad in July 1862 Nevada was admitted before the end of the Civil War in the next 38th Congress Vacant state delegations edit Alabama Arkansas Florida Georgia Louisiana Mississippi North Carolina South Carolina TexasForty three seats represented large numbers of citizens in nine states resisting the Lincoln administration of the United States government during the Civil War The following state delegations were entirely vacated Missouri Kentucky Tennessee and Virginia are accounted for in the Border South and Middle South section Alabama editSee also List of United States representatives from Alabama Alabama did not elect members to the House District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Alabama 1 James Stallworth Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 12 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Alabama 2 James L Pugh Democratic 1859 Incumbent withdrew January 12 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Alabama 3 David Clopton Democratic 1859 Incumbent withdrew January 21 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Alabama 4 Sydenham Moore Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 21 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Alabama 5 George S Houston Democratic 1851 Incumbent withdrew January 21 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Alabama 6 Williamson Cobb Democratic 1847 Incumbent withdrew January 30 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Alabama 7 Jabez L M Curry Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 21 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Arkansas editSee also List of United States representatives from Arkansas Arkansas elected its members on August 6 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Arkansas 1 Thomas C Hindman Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected Seat later vacated nbsp Y Thomas C Hindman Democratic 67 70 Jesse N Cypert Independent 32 60 Arkansas 2 Albert Rust Democratic 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Independent gain Seat later vacated nbsp Y Edward W Gantt Independent 54 38 Charles B Mitchel Democratic 42 69 James A Jones Independent 2 92 California editSee also List of United States representatives from California 1860 United States Senate election in California and 1860 United States Senate special election in California From statehood to 1864 California s representatives were elected at large with the top two vote getters winning the election from 1849 to 1858 In the 1860 census California gained a seat in the House California elected its members on September 4 1861 after the first session of the new Congress began The top three vote getters were elected but only the top two were seated at the beginning of the session When Congress later authorized California the third seat Frederick Low was seated June 3 1862 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates California at large John C Burch Democratic 1859 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y Timothy Guy Phelps Republican 15 6 nbsp Y Aaron A Sargent Republican 15 3 nbsp Y Frederick Low v Republican 11 8 Henry Edgerton Independent 10 7 Joseph C McKibben Independent 10 7 Frank Ganahl Breckinridge Democratic 10 2 Henry P Barber Independent 9 5 D O Shattuck Independent 9 5 John R Gitchell Union Democratic 6 8 Charles L Scott Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican gain None new seat New seat Republican gain Colorado Territory editSee non voting delegates below Connecticut editSee also List of United States representatives from Connecticut and 1860 United States Senate election in Connecticut Connecticut elected its members on April 1 1861 after the new term began but before Congress convened District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Connecticut 1 Dwight Loomis Republican 1859 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Dwight Loomis Republican 50 35 Alvan P Hyde Democratic 49 65 26 Connecticut 2 John Woodruff Republican 18551856 lost 1859 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y James E English Democratic 52 29 John Woodruff Republican 47 71 27 Connecticut 3 Alfred A Burnham Republican 1859 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Alfred A Burnham Republican 57 25 Rufus L Baker Democratic 42 75 28 Connecticut 4 Orris S Ferry Republican 1859 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y George C Woodruff Democratic 50 18 Orris S Ferry Republican 49 82 29 Dakota Territory editSee non voting delegates below Delaware editSee also List of United States representatives from Delaware Delaware elected its member on November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Delaware at large William G Whiteley Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y George P Fisher Republican 48 39 Benjamin T Biggs Breckinridge Democratic 46 85 Elias Reed Douglas Democratic 4 76 Florida editMain article 1860 United States House of Representatives election in Florida See also List of United States representatives from Florida Florida elected its member on October 1 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Florida at large George S Hawkins Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold Seat later vacated nbsp Y Robert Benjamin Hilton Democratic 59 89 B F Allen Opposition 40 11 Georgia editSee also List of United States representatives from Georgia Georgia did not elect members to the House District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Georgia 1 Peter Early Love Democratic 1859 Incumbent resigned January 23 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Georgia 2 Martin J Crawford Democratic 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 23 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Georgia 3 Thomas Hardeman Jr Opposition 1859 Incumbent withdrew January 23 1861 No member elected Opposition loss None Georgia 4 Lucius J Gartrell Democratic 1857 Incumbent resigned January 23 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Georgia 5 John W H Underwood Democratic 1859 Incumbent withdrew January 23 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Georgia 6 James Jackson Democratic 1857 Incumbent resigned January 23 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Georgia 7 Joshua Hill Know Nothing 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 23 1861 No member elected Know Nothing loss None Georgia 8 John J Jones Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 23 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Illinois editSee also List of United States representatives from Illinois 1861 Illinois s 6th congressional district special election and 1861 United States Senate election in Illinois Illinois elected its members on November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Illinois 1 Elihu B Washburne Republican 1852 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Elihu B Washburne Republican 70 56 Theodore A C Beard Democratic 29 39 Illinois 2 John F Farnsworth Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Isaac N Arnold Republican 64 43 Augustus N Herrington Democratic 35 42 Illinois 3 Owen Lovejoy Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Owen Lovejoy Republican 60 01 Robert N Murray Democratic 38 20 William N Murry Independent 1 79 Illinois 4 William Kellogg Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y William Kellogg Republican 54 65 Robert G Ingersoll Democratic 45 35 Illinois 5 Isaac N Morris Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y William A Richardson Democratic 53 58 Benjamin M Prentiss Republican 46 42 Illinois 6 John A McClernand Democratic 1859 special Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John A McClernand Democratic 56 63 Henry Case Republican 43 38 Illinois 7 James C Robinson Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y James C Robinson Democratic 54 07 James T Cunningham Republican 45 93 Illinois 8 Philip B Fouke Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Philip B Fouke Democratic 55 24 Joseph Gillespie Republican 44 33 Willis D Green Independent 0 43 Illinois 9 John A Logan Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John A Logan Democratic 80 03 David T Linegar Independent 19 97 Indiana editSee also List of United States representatives from Indiana and 1860 United States Senate election in Indiana Indiana elected its members on October 9 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Indiana 1 William E Niblack Democratic 1857 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y John Law Democratic 55 67 Lemuel Q Debruler Republican 44 33 Indiana 2 William H English Democratic 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y James A Cravens Democratic 51 28 John S Davis Republican 48 72 Indiana 3 William M Dunn Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y William M Dunn Republican 54 54 William Mitchel Daily Democratic 45 46 Indiana 4 William S Holman Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y William S Holman Democratic 51 22 James L Yater Republican 48 78 Indiana 5 David Kilgore Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y George W Julian Republican 62 00 William A Bickle Democratic 38 00 Indiana 6 Albert G Porter Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Albert G Porter Republican 52 29 Robert L Walpole Democratic 47 71 Indiana 7 John G Davis Anti LecomptonDemocrat 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y Daniel W Voorhees Democratic 51 46 Thomas H Nelson Republican 47 28 James A Scott Independent 1 26 Indiana 8 James Wilson Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Albert S White Republican 53 67 Samuel C Wilson Democratic 46 33 Indiana 9 Schuyler Colfax Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Schuyler Colfax Republican 55 71 Charles W Cathcart Democratic 44 29 Indiana 10 Charles Case Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y William Mitchell Republican 55 62 Philip M Henkle Democratic 44 38 Indiana 11 John U Pettit Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y John P C Shanks Republican 54 07 Asbury Steele Democratic 45 93 Iowa editSee also List of United States representatives from Iowa 1861 Iowa s 1st congressional district special election and 1860 United States Senate election in Iowa Iowa elected its members on October 9 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Iowa 1 Samuel R Curtis Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Samuel R Curtis Republican 52 88 C C Cole Democratic 47 12 Iowa 2 William Vandever Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y William Vandever Republican 57 50 Ben M Samuels Democratic 42 50 Kansas editMain article 1859 United States House of Representatives election in Kansas See also List of United States representatives from Kansas and 1861 United States Senate elections in Kansas Kansas elected its member on December 1 1859 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Kansas at large Martin F Conway Republican 1859 new state State admitted January 29 1861 nbsp Y Martin F Conway Republican data missing Kentucky editSee also List of United States representatives from Kentucky and 1861 United States Senate special election in Kentucky Kansas elected its members on June 20 1861 after the new term began but before Congress convened District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Kentucky 1 Henry C Burnett Democratic 1855 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Henry C Burnett Democratic data missing Kentucky 2 Samuel Peyton Democratic 1857 Incumbent lost renomination New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y James S Jackson Unionist data missing Kentucky 3 Francis Bristow Opposition 1854 special 1855 retired 1859 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Henry Grider Unionist data missing Kentucky 4 William C Anderson Opposition 1859 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Aaron Harding Unionist data missing Kentucky 5 John Y Brown Democratic 1859 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re election New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Charles A Wickliffe Unionist data missing Kentucky 6 George W Dunlap Opposition 18471849 retired 1859 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Charles A Wickliffe Unionist data missing Kentucky 7 Robert Mallory Opposition 1859 Incumbent re elected in a new party Unionist gain nbsp Y Robert Mallory Unionist data missing Kentucky 8 William E Simms Democratic 1859 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y John J Crittenden Unionist data missing Kentucky 9 Laban T Moore Opposition 1859 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y William H Wadsworth Unionist data missing Kentucky 10 John W Stevenson Democratic 1857 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y John W Menzies Unionist data missing Louisiana editSee also List of United States representatives from Louisiana Louisiana seceded on January 26 1861 and did not elect members of the 37th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Louisiana 1 John Edward Bouligny Know Nothing 1859 No member elected Know Nothing loss None Louisiana 2 Miles Taylor Democratic 1855 Incumbent withdrew February 5 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Louisiana 3 Thomas G Davidson Democratic 1855 No member elected Democratic loss None Louisiana 4 John M Landrum Democratic 1859 Incumbent retired No member elected Democratic loss None Maine editSee also List of United States representatives from Maine 1860 Maine s 5th congressional district special election and 1861 United States Senate special election in Maine Maine elected its members on September 10 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maine 1 Daniel E Somes Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y John N Goodwin Republican 53 00 Thomas M Hayes Democratic 46 55 Nathan Webb Constitutional Union 0 45 Maine 2 John J Perry Republican 1854 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Charles W Walton Republican 55 68 Calvin Record Democratic 44 32 Maine 3 Ezra B French Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Samuel C Fessenden Republican 52 54 Alfred W Johnson Democratic 47 46 Maine 4 Freeman H Morse Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Anson Morrill Republican 61 54 Benjamin A Fuller Democratic 35 30 Maine 5 Israel Washburn Jr Republican 1850 Incumbent retired to run for Governor of Maine New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y John H Rice Republican 59 81 Samuel H Blake Democratic 38 69 Ebenezer Hutchinson Independent 1 04 Maine 6 Stephen C Foster Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Frederick A Pike Republican 53 88 Bion Bradbury Democratic 45 12 Maryland editSee also List of United States representatives from Maryland and 1861 United States Senate election in Maryland Maryland elected its members on June 13 1861 after the new term began but before Congress convened District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Maryland 1 James A Stewart Democratic 1855 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y John W Crisfield Unionist 57 39 Daniel McHenry States Rights 42 61 Maryland 2 Edwin H Webster Know Nothing 1859 Incumbent re elected in a new party Unionist gain nbsp Y Edwin H Webster Unionist 98 63 Scattering 1 37 30 Maryland 3 James M Harris Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Cornelius L L Leary Unionist William P Preston States Rights 48 05 31 Maryland 4 Henry W Davis Know Nothing 1855 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Henry May Unionist 57 55 Henry W Davis Unionist 42 45 32 Maryland 5 Jacob M Kunkel Democratic 1857 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Francis Thomas Unionist 96 18 Scattering 3 82 Maryland 6 George W Hughes Democratic 1859 Incumbent retired New member elected Unionist gain nbsp Y Charles B Calvert Unionist 50 92 Benjamin G Harris States Rights 49 08 33 Massachusetts editSee also List of United States representatives from Massachusetts 1861 Massachusetts s 3rd congressional district special election and 1861 Massachusetts s 5th congressional district special election Massachusetts elected its members on November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Massachusetts 1 Thomas D Eliot Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Thomas D Eliot Republican 72 53 Daniel Fisher Constitutional Union 10 47 Moses Bates Democratic 8 66 F E Sanford Breckinridge Democratic 8 34 Massachusetts 2 James Buffington Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y James Buffington Republican 68 40 Alexander Long Democratic 29 85 Massachusetts 3 Charles Francis Adams Sr Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Charles Francis Adams Sr Republican 58 57 Leverett Saltonstall Democratic 41 43 Massachusetts 4 Alexander H Rice Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Alexander H Rice Republican 52 32 Erastus B Bigelow Republican 47 68 Massachusetts 5 Anson Burlingame Republican 1854 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Constitutional Union gain nbsp Y William Appleton Constitutional Union 52 3 Anson Burlingame Republican 47 7 Massachusetts 6 John B Alley Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John B Alley Democratic 53 2 Otis P Lord Constitutional Union 16 16 Jefferson Knight Democratic 14 39 George B Loring Breckinridge Democratic 4 72 Massachusetts 7 Daniel W Gooch Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Daniel W Gooch Republican 60 48 Charles A Welch Democratic 35 79 George Johnson Breckinridge Democratic 3 74 Massachusetts 8 Charles R Train Republican 1859 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Charles R Train Republican 64 88 Alpheus R Brown Democratic 16 72 Winthrop E Faulkner Constitutional Union 15 67 James C Abbott Breckinridge Democratic 2 74 Massachusetts 9 Eli Thayer ConstitutionalUnion 1856 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y Goldsmith Bailey Republican 54 74 Eli Thayer Constitutional Unionist 44 65 S W Stevens Breckinridge Democratic 0 61 Massachusetts 10 Charles Delano Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Charles Delano Republican 75 39 Josiah Allis Democratic 19 02 Benning Leavitt Breckingridge Democratic 5 59 Massachusetts 11 Henry L Dawes Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Henry L Dawes Republican 67 71 Norman T Leonard Democratic 28 60 John M Cole Breckinridge Democratic 3 69 Michigan editSee also List of United States representatives from Michigan Michigan its members on the November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Michigan 1 William A Howard Republican 1854 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Bradley F Granger Republican 52 51 George V Lathrop Democratic 47 04 John Conely Independent 0 45 Michigan 2 Henry Waldron Republican 1854 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Fernando C Beaman Republican 60 16 Salathiel C Coffenberry Democratic 39 84 Michigan 3 Francis W Kellogg Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Francis W Kellogg Republican 59 04 Thomas B Church Democratic 40 59 John Bell Independent 0 37 Michigan 4 Dewitt C Leach Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Rowland E Trowbridge Republican 55 79 Edward Thompson Democratic 44 21 Minnesota editSee also List of United States representatives from Minnesota Minnesota elected its members on November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Minnesota at large Cyrus Aldrich Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Cyrus Aldrich Republican 31 75 William Windom Republican 31 51 John M Gilman Democratic 17 30 James George Democratic 17 24 Alonzo Jay Edgerton Breckinridge Democratic 1 12 James W Taylor Breckinridge Democratic 1 09 Minnesota at large William Windom Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected Mississippi editSee also List of United States representatives from Mississippi Mississippi seceded on January 9 1861 and did not elect members of the 37th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Mississippi 1 Lucius Q C Lamar Democratic 1857 Incumbent retired December 1860 No member elected Democratic loss None Mississippi 2 Reuben Davis Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 12 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Mississippi 3 William Barksdale Democratic 1855 Incumbent withdrew January 12 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Mississippi 4 Otho R Singleton Democratic 1857 Incumbent withdrew January 12 1861 No member elected Democratic loss None Mississippi 5 John J McRae Democratic 1858 special Incumbent withdrew January 12 1861 No member elected Democratic loss NoneMissouri editSee also List of United States representatives from Missouri 1860 Missouri s 1st congressional district special election and 1861 United States Senate election in Missouri Missouri elected its members on September 10 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Missouri 1 John Richard Barret Democratic 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y Francis Preston Blair Jr Republican 44 11 John Richard Barret Democratic 38 39 Albert Todd Constitutional Union 17 50 Missouri 2 Thomas L Anderson IndependentDemocratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Constitutional Union gain nbsp Y James S Rollins Constitutional Union 50 57 John B Henderson Democratic 49 43 Missouri 3 John Bullock Clark Democratic 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John Bullock Clark Democratic 59 06 M C Hawkins Constitutional Union 40 94 Missouri 4 James Craig Democratic 1856 Incumbent lost renomination New member elected 34 Democratic hold nbsp Y Elijah Hise Norton Democratic 62 30 John Scott Constitutional Union 37 70 Missouri 5 Samuel H Woodson American 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y John William Reid Democratic 52 84 F T Mitchell Constitutional Union 47 16 Missouri 6 John S Phelps Democratic 1844 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John S Phelps Democratic 48 89 J S Rains Constitutional Union 40 02 William C Price Ind Democratic 11 09 Missouri 7 John William Noell Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John William Noell Democratic 73 64 David E Perryman Constitutional Union 26 37 Nebraska Territory editSee non voting delegates below Nevada Territory editSee non voting delegates below New Hampshire editSee also List of United States representatives from New Hampshire and 1861 United States Senate election in New Hampshire New Hampshire elected its members on March 12 1861 after the new term began but before Congress convened District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New Hampshire 1 Gilman Marston Republican 1859 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Gilman Marston Republican 52 86 Daniel Marcy Democratic 47 14 35 New Hampshire 2 Mason Tappan Republican 1855 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Edward H Rollins Republican 52 36 Samuel N Bell Democratic 47 64 36 New Hampshire 3 Thomas M Edwards Republican 1859 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Thomas M Edwards Republican 54 23 William Burns Democratic 45 77 37 New Jersey editSee also List of United States representatives from New Jersey New Jersey its members on the November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New Jersey 1 John T Nixon Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John T Nixon Republican 53 46 Joseph F Learning Democratic 46 54 New Jersey 2 John L N Stratton Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John L N Stratton Republican 52 77 Augustus Green Democratic 47 23 New Jersey 3 Garnett Adrain Anti LecomptonDemocrat 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y William G Steele Democratic 55 17 Alexander Berthoud Republican 44 84 New Jersey 4 Jetur R Riggs Anti LecomptonDemocrat 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y George T Cobb Democratic 52 63 Benjamin Edsell Republican 47 37 New Jersey 5 William Pennington Republican 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Nehemiah Perry Democratic 50 63 William Pennington Republican 49 38 New Mexico Territory editSee non voting delegates below New York editSee also List of United States representatives from New York 1860 New York s 31st congressional district special election and 1861 United States Senate election in New York New York its members on the November 6 1860 Election Day District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates New York 1 Luther C Carter Republican 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Edward H Smith Democratic 52 78 Luther C Carter Republican 47 22 New York 2 James Humphrey Republican 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Moses F Odell Democratic 55 07 James Humphrey Republican 44 93 New York 3 Daniel Sickles Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y Benjamin Wood Democratic 52 83 Amer J Williamson Republican 41 11 John Y Savage Ind Democratic 6 05 New York 4 Thomas J Barr IndependentDemocratic 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Independent Democratic hold nbsp Y James Kerrigan Ind Democratic 41 30 Michael Tuomy Democratic 32 02 John Commerford Republican 26 68 New York 5 William B Maclay Democratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y William Wall Republican 41 00 Nelson Taylor Democratic 40 61 John Duffy Ind Democratic 18 39 New York 6 John Cochrane Democratic 1856 Incumbent lost renomination New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y Frederick A Conkling Republican 35 10 John Cochrane Ind Democratic 34 16 John W Chanler Democratic 30 74 New York 7 George Briggs Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Elijah Ward Democratic 56 23 Augustus F Dow Republican 43 77 New York 8 Horace F Clark Anti LecomptonDemocratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y Isaac C Delaplaine Democratic 59 04 Abram Wakeman Republican 40 96 New York 9 John B Haskin Anti LecomptonDemocratic 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y Edward Haight Democratic 53 54 Thomas Nelson Republican 46 46 New York 10 Charles Van Wyck Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Charles Van Wyck Republican 50 45 Daniel B St John Democratic 49 55 New York 11 William S Kenyon Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y John B Steele Democratic 50 38 Peter H Silvester Republican 49 62 New York 12 Charles Lewis Beale Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Stephen Baker Republican 51 99 Ambrose Wager Democratic 46 34 John H Overheister Breckinridge Democratic 1 67 New York 13 Abram B Olin Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Abram B Olin Republican 51 13 Issac McConihe Democratic 48 87 New York 14 John H Reynolds Anti LecomptonDemocratic 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y Erastus Corning Democratic 51 85 Thomas W Olcott Republican 48 15 New York 15 James B McKean Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y James B McKean Republican 58 76 Emerson E Davis Democratic 41 24 New York 16 George W Palmer Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y William A Wheeler Republican 58 73 Augustus C Hand Democratic 41 27 New York 17 Francis E Spinner Republican 1854 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Socrates N Sherman Republican 68 39 Henry G Foote Democratic 31 61 New York 18 Clark B Cochrane Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Chauncey Vibbard Democratic 50 88 Simon H Mix Republican 49 12 New York 19 James H Graham Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Richard Franchot Republican 56 97 Lyman J Walworth Democratic 43 03 New York 20 Roscoe Conkling Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Roscoe Conkling Republican 58 28 De Witt C Grover Democratic 41 72 New York 21 R Holland Duell Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y R Holland Duell Republican 62 21 Simon C Hitchcock Democratic 21 94 Judson C Nelson Breckinridge Democratic 15 86 New York 22 M Lindley Lee Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y William E Lansing Republican 63 73 B Franklin Chapman Democratic 36 27 New York 23 Charles B Hoard Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Ambrose W Clark Republican 59 90 James F Starbuck Democratic 38 21 George C Sherman Breckinridge Democratic 1 90 New York 24 Charles B Sedgwick Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Charles B Sedgwick Republican 60 42 Lake Tefft Democratic 32 92 Luther Hay Breckinridge Democratic 6 67 New York 25 Martin Butterfield Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Theodore M Pomeroy Republican 64 46 William C Beardsley Democratic 35 54 New York 26 Emory B Pottle Republican 1856 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Jacob P Chamberlain Republican 58 26 John L Lewis Democratic 41 02 George N Clark Independent 0 72 New York 27 Alfred Wells Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Alexander S Diven Republican 57 20 Harvey A Dowe Democratic 42 80 New York 28 William Irvine Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Robert B Van Valkenburgh Republican 60 75 Charles C Walker Democratic 39 25 New York 29 Alfred Ely Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Alfred Ely Republican 59 41 Mortimer F Reynolds Democratic 40 59 New York 30 Augustus Frank Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Augustus Frank Republican 67 49 Martin F Robinson Democratic 32 51 New York 31 Edwin R Reynolds Republican 1860 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Burt Van Horn Republican 58 81 Phineas L Ely Democratic 39 94 Jonathan L Woods Breckinridge Democratic 1 26 New York 32 Elbridge G Spaulding Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Elbridge G Spaulding Republican 52 82 Solomon G Haven Democratic 47 18 New York 33 Reuben Fenton Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Reuben Fenton Republican 66 79 Charles H Lee Democratic 33 21 North Carolina editSee also List of United States representatives from North Carolina and 1861 United States Senate election in North Carolina North Carolina seceded on May 20 1861 and did not elect members of the 37th Congress District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates North Carolina 1 William N H Smith Opposition 1859 Incumbent retired No member elected Opposition loss None North Carolina 2 Thomas H Ruffin Democratic 1853 Incumbent retired No member elected Democratic loss None North Carolina 3 Warren Winslow Democratic 1855 Incumbent retired No member elected Democratic loss None North Carolina 4 Lawrence O Bryan Branch Democratic 1855 Incumbent retired No member elected Democratic loss None North Carolina 5 John A Gilmer Opposition 1857 Incumbent retired No member elected Opposition loss None North Carolina 6 James M Leach Opposition 1859 Incumbent retired No member elected Opposition loss None North Carolina 7 F Burton Craige Democratic 1853 Incumbent retired No member elected Democratic loss None North Carolina 8 Zebulon B Vance Democratic 1858 Special Incumbent retired No member elected Democratic loss None Ohio editSee also List of United States representatives from Ohio 1861 Ohio s 7th congressional district special election 1861 Ohio s 13th congressional district special election 1860 United States Senate election in Ohio and 1861 United States Senate special election in Ohio District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates 38 Ohio 1 George H Pendleton Democratic 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y George H Pendleton Democratic 48 87 Oliver M Spencer Republican 42 97 A E Jones Constitutional Union 8 16 Ohio 2 John A Gurley Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John A Gurley Republican 48 09 Alexander Long Democratic 43 08 John Scott Harrison Constitutional Union 8 83 Ohio 3 Clement Vallandigham Democratic 1858 Won contest Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Clement Vallandigham Democratic 50 16 Samuel Craighead Republican 49 55 Andrew McClary Independent 0 30 Ohio 4 William Allen Democratic 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y William Allen Democratic 51 73 James Hart Republican 48 27 Ohio 5 James M Ashley Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y James M Ashley Republican 52 29 James B Steedman Democratic 47 71 Ohio 6 William Howard Democratic 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y Chilton A White Democratic 53 23 David H Murphy Republican 46 77 Ohio 7 Thomas Corwin Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Thomas Corwin Republican 69 95 William B Telfair Democratic 20 16 William Stokes Constitutional Union 9 89 Ohio 8 Benjamin Stanton Republican 1854 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Samuel Shellabarger Republican 57 55 James S Harrison Democratic 41 23 Edward P Fyffe Constitutional Union 1 22 Ohio 9 John Carey Republican 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Warren P Noble Democratic 51 12 John Carey Republican 48 88 Ohio 10 Carey A Trimble Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Carey Trimble Republican 51 26 Wells A Hutchins Democratic 48 74 Ohio 11 Charles D Martin Democratic 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Republican gain nbsp Y Valentine B Horton Republican 51 49 Charles D Martin Democratic 48 52 Ohio 12 Samuel S Cox Democratic 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Samuel S Cox Democratic 51 69 Samuel Galloway Republican 47 54 Thomas Sparrow Independent 0 77 Ohio 13 John Sherman Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John Sherman Republican 57 16 Barnabas Burns Democratic 42 84 Ohio 14 Harrison G O Blake Republican Special Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Harrison G O Blake Republican 57 08 Charles D Prentiss Democratic 42 92 Ohio 15 William Helmick Republican 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y Robert H Nugen Democratic 52 14 William Helmick Republican 47 87 Ohio 16 Cydnor B Tompkins Republican 1856 Incumbent lost renomination New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y William P Cutler Republican 50 19 Hugh J Jewett Democratic 49 81 Ohio 17 Thomas C Theaker Republican 1858 Incumbent lost re election New member elected Democratic gain nbsp Y James R Morris Democratic 51 00 Thomas C Theaker Republican 45 17 M J Glover Constitutional Union 3 83 Ohio 18 Sidney Edgerton Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Sidney Edgerton Republican 58 29 David A Starkweather Democratic 41 71 Ohio 19 Edward Wade Republican 1852 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y Albert G Riddle Republican 69 06 Andrew J Williams Democratic 30 94 Ohio 20 John Hutchins Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John Hutchins Republican 71 97 David M Wilson Democratic 28 03 Ohio 21 John A Bingham Republican 1854 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John A Bingham Republican 61 17 George Wells Democratic 33 71 J S Blakely Independent 5 12 Oregon editSee also List of United States representatives from Oregon and 1860 United States Senate special election in Oregon Poorly coordinated state legislation created confusion As a result two elections were held in 1860 on June 4 won by George K Shiel and on November 6 won by Andrew J Thayer Thayer was seated March 4 1861 but Shiel contested the election On July 30 1861 the House Elections Committee seated the Shiel for the rest of the term ending March 3 1863 Both disputants were Democrats District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Oregon at large Lansing Stout Democratic 1858 Incumbent lost renomination New member elected June 4 1860 Democratic hold Winner successfully challenged the results of the other election and was seated July 30 1861 nbsp Y George Shiel Democratic 50 36 David Logan Republican 49 64 39 Incumbent lost renomination New member elected November 6 1860 Democratic hold Winner was initially seated but later lost election challenge nbsp Y Andrew J Thayer Democratic 96 45 George Shiel Democratic 3 08 Joseph Showalter Smith Democratic 0 47 40 Pennsylvania editSee also List of United States representatives from Pennsylvania 1860 Pennsylvania s 8th congressional district special election 1861 Pennsylvania s 2nd congressional district special election 1861 Pennsylvania s 12th congressional district special election 1861 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania and 1861 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania Pennsylvania elected its members on October 9 1860 District Incumbent This race Member Party First elected Results Candidates Pennsylvania 1 Thomas B Florence Democratic 1848 Incumbent retired New member elected Democratic hold nbsp Y William E Lehman Democratic 44 98 John M Butler Republican 44 28 Edward King Constitutional Union 10 74 Pennsylvania 2 Edward J Morris Republican 1856 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y Edward J Morris Republican 46 61 John Broadhead Democratic 40 29 Henry M Fuller Constitutional Union 13 11 Pennsylvania 3 John P Verree Republican 1858 Incumbent re elected nbsp Y John P Verree Republican 49 07 John Kline Democratic 48 95 Henry M Hamilton Constitutional Union 1 97 Pennsylvania 4 William Millward Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold nbsp Y William D Kelley Republican 49 27 William Morgan Republican 43 42 John B Robinson Constitutional Union 7 31 Pennsylvania 5 John Wood Republican 1858 Incumbent retired New member elected Republican hold span, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library, article , read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games. © Copyright 2021, All Rights Reserved  |   www.wiki3.en-us.nina.az Rss Feed SiteMap Ping DMCA Contact Us HomePage Closed Call: