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1798–99 United States Senate elections

August 21, 2023

The 1798–99 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1798 and 1799, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

1798–99 United States Senate elections
← 1796 & 1797 Dates vary by state 1800 & 1801 →
11 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
17 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Federalist Democratic-Republican
Seats before 22 10
Seats after 23 9
Seat change
Seats up 5 6
Races won 5 6

     Federalist hold      Democratic-Republican hold
Majority Party before election


Federalist

Elected Majority Party


Federalist

They occurred in the middle of President John Adams's administration, and had no net change in political control of the Senate.

Results summary

Senate party division, 6th Congress (1799–1801)

  • Majority party: Federalist (22)
  • Minority party: Democratic-Republican (9)
  • Other parties: 0
  • Total seats: 31

Change in composition

Before the elections

After the January 19, 1798, election in Delaware.

DR6
Ky.
Ran 		DR5
Ga.
Unknown 		DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7
N.C.
Ran 		DR8
S.C.
Ran 		DR9
Tenn.
Retired 		DR10
Va.
Ran 		F22
R.I.
Ran 		F21
N.J.
Retired 		F20
N.H.
Ran 		F19
Mass.
Retired 		F18
Del.
Died 		F17
Majority →
F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Results of the elections

DR6
Ky.
Re-elected 		DR5
Ga.
Hold 		DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR7
N.C.
Hold 		DR8
S.C.
Re-elected 		DR9
Tenn.
Hold 		DR10
Va.
Re-elected 		F22
N.J.
Hold 		F21
Mass.
Hold 		F20
Del.
Hold 		F19
R.I.
Re-elected 		F18
N.H.
Re-elected 		F17
Majority →
F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the next Congress

DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1

DR7
Re-elected 		DR8 DR9 V1
Va.
Died 		F22 F21 F20 F19 F18 F17
Majority →
F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16
F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Key

Race summaries

Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.

Special elections during the 5th Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1799; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
New York
(Class 1) 		Philip Schuyler Federalist 1789[a] Incumbent resigned January 3, 1798, due to ill health.
New senator elected January 11, 1798.
Federalist hold.
Winner later resigned, see below.
Delaware
(Class 2) 		John Vining Federalist 1792 Incumbent resigned January 19, 1798.
New senator elected January 19, 1798.
Federalist hold.
Winner died August 11, 1798, see below.
New York
(Class 1) 		William North Federalist May 1798 (Appointed) Interim appointee served until winner qualified.
New senator elected August 24, 1798.
Federalist hold.
South Carolina
(Class 2) 		John Hunter Democratic-Republican 1796 (special) Incumbent resigned November 26, 1798.
New senator elected December 6, 1798.
Democratic-Republican hold.
New senator also elected to next term, see below.
Tennessee
(Class 1) 		Daniel Smith Democratic-Republican October 1798 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired when successor qualified.
New senator elected December 12, 1798.
Winner qualified upon retirement from other Senate seat on March 3, 1799.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Delaware
(Class 2) 		Joshua Clayton Federalist 1798 Died August 11, 1798.
New senator elected January 17, 1799.
Federalist hold.
Winner also elected to next term, see below.
New Jersey
(Class 1) 		Franklin Davenport Federalist 1798 (Appointed) Interim appointee served until winner qualified.
New senator elected February 21, 1799 on the third ballot.
Federalist hold.

Races leading to the 6th Congress

In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1799; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Delaware Joshua Clayton Federalist 1798 Died August 11, 1798.
New senator elected January 17, 1799.
Federalist hold.
Winner was also elected to finish the current term, see above.
Georgia Josiah Tattnall Democratic-Republican 1796 [data unknown/missing]
New senator elected January 18, 1799.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Kentucky John Brown Democratic-Republican 1792 Incumbent re-elected November 30, 1798.
Massachusetts Theodore Sedgwick Federalist 1796 Incumbent retired to run for the U.S. House of Representatives.
New senator elected June 14, 1798.
Federalist hold.
New Hampshire Samuel Livermore Federalist 1792 Incumbent re-elected December 21, 1798.
New Jersey Richard Stockton Federalist 1796 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected November 1, 1798.
Federalist hold.
North Carolina Alexander Martin Democratic-Republican 1792 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected December 12, 1798, on the ninth ballot.[16]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Rhode Island Ray Greene Federalist 1797 (special) Incumbent re-elected November 1, 1798.
South Carolina Charles Pinckney Democratic-Republican 1798 Incumbent re-elected December 6, 1798.
Tennessee Joseph Anderson Democratic-Republican 1797 (special) Incumbent retired when elected to the Class 1 seat (see above).
New senator elected December 12, 1798.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Virginia Henry Tazewell Democratic-Republican 1794 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1798.
Incumbent died January 24, 1799, before the term began.

Special elections during the 6th Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated after March 4, 1799, the beginning of the next Congress.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party First elected
Virginia
(Class 2) 		Vacant Incumbent Henry Tazewell (DR) had been re-elected in 1798 but died January 24, 1799, before the term began.
New senator elected December 5, 1799 on the second ballot.
Democratic-Republican gain.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Incumbent lost in 1791 Senate election, but he was able to run again in 1797 and won.

References

  • Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov
  1. ^ "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)". National Archives and Records Administration. February 8, 2022.
  2. ^ May be "James Cocliran"
  3. ^ "New York 1798 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). January 24, 1798.
  4. ^ "Delaware 1798 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1798. 36.
  5. ^ "New York 1798 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). August 29, 1798.
  6. ^ Elected instead to other seat.
  7. ^ a b "Tennessee 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved January 31, 2018., citing White, Robert Hiram. Messages of the Governors of Tennessee, 1796-1821. Vol. 1. Nashville: The Tennessee Historical Commission, 1952.
  8. ^ "Delaware 1799 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1799.
  9. ^ "New Jersey 1799 U.S. Senate, Ballot 3". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing The Genius of Liberty (Morristown, NJ). February 21, 1799.
  10. ^ "Delaware 1799 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1799.
  11. ^ "Georgia 1799 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). February 5, 1799.
  12. ^ "Kentucky 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing The Palladium: A Literary and Political Weekly Repository (Frankfort, KY). December 4, 1798.
  13. ^ "Massachusetts 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Connecticut Gazette (New London, CT). June 20, 1798.
  14. ^ "New Hampshire 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Journal of the New Hampshire Senate, 1799. 38-45, 50-51. Journal of the New Hampshire House of Representatives, 1799. 42-45.
  15. ^ "New Jersey 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing The Centinel of Freedom (Newark, NJ). November 6, 1798. The Genius of Liberty (Morristown, NJ). November 8, 1798.
  16. ^ "Our Campaigns - NC US Senate Race - Dec 12, 1798". www.ourcampaigns.com.
  17. ^ "North Carolina 1798 U.S. Senate, Ballot 9". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Legislative Papers for 1798. Box 157. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.
  18. ^ "Rhode Island 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing The Newport Mercury (Newport, RI). November 6, 1798.
  19. ^ "Virginia 1798 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing Samuel Shield to Henry Tazewell. December 13, 1798.
  20. ^ "Virginia 1799 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 2". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 5, 2018., citing The Aurora. General Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). December 13, 1799. Raleigh Register, and North-Carolina Weekly Advertiser (Raleigh, NC). December 17, 1799.

August 21, 2023
1798, united, states, senate, elections, were, held, various, dates, various, states, these, senate, elections, were, prior, ratification, seventeenth, amendment, 1913, senators, were, chosen, state, legislatures, senators, were, elected, over, wide, range, ti. The 1798 99 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states As these U S Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 senators were chosen by state legislatures Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1798 and 1799 and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock 1 In these elections terms were up for the senators in Class 2 1798 99 United States Senate elections 1796 amp 1797 Dates vary by state 1800 amp 1801 11 of the 32 seats in the United States Senate plus special elections 17 seats needed for a majority Majority party Minority party Party Federalist Democratic RepublicanSeats before 22 10Seats after 23 9Seat changeSeats up 5 6Races won 5 6 Federalist hold Democratic Republican holdMajority Party before electionFederalist Elected Majority Party FederalistThey occurred in the middle of President John Adams s administration and had no net change in political control of the Senate Contents 1 Results summary 2 Change in composition 2 1 Before the elections 2 2 Results of the elections 2 3 Beginning of the next Congress 3 Race summaries 3 1 Special elections during the 5th Congress 3 2 Races leading to the 6th Congress 3 3 Special elections during the 6th Congress 4 See also 5 Notes 6 ReferencesResults summary EditSenate party division 6th Congress 1799 1801 Majority party Federalist 22 Minority party Democratic Republican 9 Other parties 0 Total seats 31Change in composition EditBefore the elections Edit After the January 19 1798 election in Delaware DR6Ky Ran DR5Ga Unknown DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1DR7N C Ran DR8S C Ran DR9Tenn Retired DR10Va Ran F22R I Ran F21N J Retired F20N H Ran F19Mass Retired F18Del Died F17Majority F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1Results of the elections Edit DR6Ky Re elected DR5Ga Hold DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1DR7N C Hold DR8S C Re elected DR9Tenn Hold DR10Va Re elected F22N J Hold F21Mass Hold F20Del Hold F19R I Re elected F18N H Re elected F17Majority F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1Beginning of the next Congress Edit DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1DR7Re elected DR8 DR9 V1Va Died F22 F21 F20 F19 F18 F17Majority F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1Key DR Democratic RepublicanF FederalistV VacantRace summaries EditExcept if when noted the number following candidates is the whole number vote s not a percentage Special elections during the 5th Congress Edit In these special elections the winner was seated before March 4 1799 ordered by election date State Incumbent Results CandidatesSenator Party First electedNew York Class 1 Philip Schuyler Federalist 1789 a Incumbent resigned January 3 1798 due to ill health New senator elected January 11 1798 Federalist hold Winner later resigned see below Y John Sloss Hobart Federalist 100 John Addison 25 John Armstrong Democratic Republican 4 John Taylor Democratic Republican 2 James Watson Federalist 2 James Cocliram 2 1 3 Delaware Class 2 John Vining Federalist 1792 Incumbent resigned January 19 1798 New senator elected January 19 1798 Federalist hold Winner died August 11 1798 see below Y Joshua Clayton Federalist 14 James Sykes Democratic Republican 10 4 New York Class 1 William North Federalist May 1798 Appointed Interim appointee served until winner qualified New senator elected August 24 1798 Federalist hold Y James Watson Federalist 87 John Taylor Democratic Republican 57 5 South Carolina Class 2 John Hunter Democratic Republican 1796 special Incumbent resigned November 26 1798 New senator elected December 6 1798 Democratic Republican hold New senator also elected to next term see below Y Charles Pinckney Democratic Republican data unknown missing Tennessee Class 1 Daniel Smith Democratic Republican October 1798 Appointed Interim appointee retired when successor qualified New senator elected December 12 1798 Winner qualified upon retirement from other Senate seat on March 3 1799 Democratic Republican hold Y Joseph Anderson Democratic Republican 17 William Cocke Democratic Republican 28 6 Daniel Smith Democratic Republican 15 Andrew Jackson Democratic Republican 1 John Overton 1 7 Delaware Class 2 Joshua Clayton Federalist 1798 Died August 11 1798 New senator elected January 17 1799 Federalist hold Winner also elected to next term see below Y William H Wells Federalist 14 James Sykes Democratic Republican 12 8 New Jersey Class 1 Franklin Davenport Federalist 1798 Appointed Interim appointee served until winner qualified New senator elected February 21 1799 on the third ballot Federalist hold Y James Schureman Federalist 26 Thomas Henderson Federalist 24 Philemon Dickinson Eliminated in earlier ballot Jonathan Elmer Federalist Eliminated in earlier ballot 9 Races leading to the 6th Congress Edit In these regular elections the winner was seated on March 4 1799 ordered by state All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats State Incumbent Results CandidatesSenator Party First electedDelaware Joshua Clayton Federalist 1798 Died August 11 1798 New senator elected January 17 1799 Federalist hold Winner was also elected to finish the current term see above Y William H Wells Federalist 14 James Sykes Democratic Republican 10 Georgia Josiah Tattnall Democratic Republican 1796 data unknown missing New senator elected January 18 1799 Democratic Republican hold Y Abraham Baldwin Democratic Republican 42 Thomas P Carnes Federalist 37 11 Kentucky John Brown Democratic Republican 1792 Incumbent re elected November 30 1798 Y John Brown Democratic Republican 36 Benjamin Logan 22 Stephen Ormsby Democratic Republican 7 12 Massachusetts Theodore Sedgwick Federalist 1796 Incumbent retired to run for the U S House of Representatives New senator elected June 14 1798 Federalist hold Y Samuel Dexter Federalist 102 Others 54 13 New Hampshire Samuel Livermore Federalist 1792 Incumbent re elected December 21 1798 Y Samuel Livermore Federalist 8 Nay 4 14 New Jersey Richard Stockton Federalist 1796 Incumbent retired New senator elected November 1 1798 Federalist hold Y Jonathan Dayton Federalist 26 Jonathan Elmer Federalist 22 15 North Carolina Alexander Martin Democratic Republican 1792 Incumbent lost re election New senator elected December 12 1798 on the ninth ballot 16 Democratic Republican hold Y Jesse Franklin Democratic Republican 89 Benjamin Smith Federalist 78 Alexander Martin Democratic Republican Eliminated in earlier ballot Blake Baker Jr Eliminated in earlier ballot 17 Rhode Island Ray Greene Federalist 1797 special Incumbent re elected November 1 1798 Y Ray Greene Federalist Unanimous 18 South Carolina Charles Pinckney Democratic Republican 1798 Incumbent re elected December 6 1798 Y Charles Pinckney Democratic Republican data unknown missing Tennessee Joseph Anderson Democratic Republican 1797 special Incumbent retired when elected to the Class 1 seat see above New senator elected December 12 1798 Democratic Republican hold Y William Cocke Democratic Republican 28 Joseph Anderson Democratic Republican 17 Daniel Smith Democratic Republican 15 Andrew Jackson Democratic Republican 1 John Overton 1 7 Virginia Henry Tazewell Democratic Republican 1794 special Incumbent re elected in 1798 Incumbent died January 24 1799 before the term began Y Henry Tazewell Democratic Republican 117 James Madison Democratic Republican 28 John Marshall Federalist 13 James Breckenridge Federalist 10 Others 9 19 Special elections during the 6th Congress Edit In this special election the winner was seated after March 4 1799 the beginning of the next Congress State Incumbent Results CandidatesSenator Party First electedVirginia Class 2 Vacant Incumbent Henry Tazewell DR had been re elected in 1798 but died January 24 1799 before the term began New senator elected December 5 1799 on the second ballot Democratic Republican gain Y Wilson C Nicholas Democratic Republican 111 John Page Democratic Republican 49 Ludwell Lee 1 George K Taylor 1 James Wood Federalist 1 20 See also Edit1798 United States elections 1798 99 United States House of Representatives elections 5th United States Congress 6th United States CongressNotes Edit Incumbent lost in 1791 Senate election but he was able to run again in 1797 and won References EditParty Division in the Senate 1789 Present via Senate gov 17th Amendment to the U S Constitution Direct Election of U S Senators 1913 National Archives and Records Administration February 8 2022 May be James Cocliran New York 1798 U S Senate Special Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Connecticut Gazette New London CT January 24 1798 Delaware 1798 U S Senate Special Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives 1798 36 New York 1798 U S Senate Special Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Connecticut Gazette New London CT August 29 1798 Elected instead to other seat a b Tennessee 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved January 31 2018 citing White Robert Hiram Messages of the Governors of Tennessee 1796 1821 Vol 1 Nashville The Tennessee Historical Commission 1952 Delaware 1799 U S Senate Special Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives 1799 New Jersey 1799 U S Senate Ballot 3 Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing The Genius of Liberty Morristown NJ February 21 1799 Delaware 1799 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives 1799 Georgia 1799 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing The True American and Commercial Advertiser Philadelphia PA February 5 1799 Kentucky 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing The Palladium A Literary and Political Weekly Repository Frankfort KY December 4 1798 Massachusetts 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Connecticut Gazette New London CT June 20 1798 New Hampshire 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Journal of the New Hampshire Senate 1799 38 45 50 51 Journal of the New Hampshire House of Representatives 1799 42 45 New Jersey 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing The Centinel of Freedom Newark NJ November 6 1798 The Genius of Liberty Morristown NJ November 8 1798 Our Campaigns NC US Senate Race Dec 12 1798 www ourcampaigns com North Carolina 1798 U S Senate Ballot 9 Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Legislative Papers for 1798 Box 157 State Archives of North Carolina Raleigh Rhode Island 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing The Newport Mercury Newport RI November 6 1798 Virginia 1798 U S Senate Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing Samuel Shield to Henry Tazewell December 13 1798 Virginia 1799 U S Senate Special Ballot 2 Tufts Digital Collations and Archives A New Nation Votes American Election Returns 1787 1825 Tufts University Retrieved February 5 2018 citing The Aurora General Advertiser Philadelphia PA December 13 1799 Raleigh Register and North Carolina Weekly Advertiser Raleigh NC December 17 1799 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 1798 99 United States Senate elections amp oldid 1168918552 Tennessee, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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