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Gamma Tauri

January 01, 1970

Gamma Tauri (γ Tauri, abbreviated Gamma Tau, γ Tau) is either a solitary, binary or double star (the Washington Double Star Catalog notes it as a "Dubious Double" or "Bogus Binary"[12]) that marks the tip of the "V" in the constellation of Taurus. It is a member of, and located within about 2.5 parsecs of the center of, the Hyades star cluster, the nearest open cluster to the Sun. Based upon parallax measurements, Gamma Tauri is approximately 154 light-years from the Sun.

γ Tauri
Location of γ Tauri (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Taurus
Right ascension 04h 19m 47.6037s[1]
Declination +15° 37′ 39.512″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 3.654[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type G8III[3]
U−B color index +0.84[4]
B−V color index +0.99[4]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)38.7 ± 0.9[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: +115.29[1] mas/yr
Dec.: -23.86[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)21.17 ± 1.17 mas[1]
Distance154 ± 9 ly
(47 ± 3 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)0.22[3]
Details
Mass2.70 ± 0.13[6] M☉
Radius13.4 ± 0.2[7] R☉
Luminosity85[3] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)2.58-2.61[7] cgs
Temperature4,844 ± 47[7] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.11[8] dex
Rotation253 days[9]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)4[10] km/s
Age430–530[3][6] Myr
Other designations
Prima Hyadum, Hyadum I,[11] 54 Tauri, BD+15°612, FK5 159, HD 27371, HIP 20205, HR 1346, SAO 93868, GC 5226, WDS 04198+1538[2]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Considered as a pair of stars, the two components are designated Gamma Tauri A (officially named Prima Hyadum /ˌpraɪmə ˈhaɪədəm/, the traditional name for the system)[13] and B.

Nomenclature edit

γ Tauri (Latinised to Gamma Tauri) is the system's Bayer designation. The designations of the two potential components as Gamma Tauri A and B derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).[14]

Gamma Tauri bore the traditional name Hyadum I,[11] which is Latin for "First of the Hyades". In 2016, the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)[15] to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems.[16] It approved the name Prima Hyadum for the component Gamma Tauri A on 5 September 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.[13]

In Chinese, 畢宿 (Bì Xiù), meaning Net, refers to an asterism consisting of Gamma Tauri, Epsilon Tauri, Delta³ Tauri, Delta¹ Tauri, Alpha Tauri (Aldebaran), 71 Tauri and Lambda Tauri.[17] Consequently, the Chinese name for γ Tauri itself is 畢宿四 (Bì Xiù sì), "the Fourth Star of Net".[18]

Properties edit

Gamma Tauri presents as a spectral class G8 or K0[2][3] giant star with an apparent magnitude of +3.65. This star has passed through the main sequence phase is now a red clump giant, meaning it is using nuclear fusion of helium at its core to provide energy.[19] Age estimates for Gamma Tauri range from 430 million[3] to 530 million years.[6] By comparison, the age of the Hyades cluster is about 625 million years with an error margin of 50 million years.[6]

The angular diameter of this star has been measured using the CHARA array to 2% accuracy. After correcting for limb darkening, this gives the stellar radius as 13.4 times the radius of the Sun.[7] The star is radiating about 85 times the luminosity of the Sun[3] and has 2.7 times the Sun's mass.[6] With its large size and low projected rotational velocity of 4 km s−1,[10] it takes about 253 days to complete a rotation.[9]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Perryman, M. A. C.; et al. (1997), "The Hipparcos Catalogue", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 323: L49–L52, Bibcode:1997A&A...323L..49P
  2. ^ a b c "NSV 1553 - Variable Star". SIMBAD. Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2009-09-22.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Takeda, Yoichi; Sato, Bun'ei; Murata, Daisuke (August 2008). "Stellar Parameters and Elemental Abundances of Late-G Giants". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 60 (4): 781–802. arXiv:0805.2434. Bibcode:2008PASJ...60..781T. doi:10.1093/pasj/60.4.781. S2CID 16258166.
  4. ^ a b Johnson, H. L.; Morgan, W. W. (1953). "Fundamental stellar photometry for standards of spectral type on the revised system of the Yerkes spectral atlas". Astrophysical Journal. 117: 313–352. Bibcode:1953ApJ...117..313J. doi:10.1086/145697.
  5. ^ Evans, D. S. (June 20–24, 1966). "The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities". In Batten, Alan Henry; Heard, John Frederick (eds.). Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications, Proceedings from IAU Symposium no. 30. University of Toronto: International Astronomical Union. Bibcode:1967IAUS...30...57E.
  6. ^ a b c d e da Silva, L.; et al. (November 2006). "Basic physical parameters of a selected sample of evolved stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 458 (2): 609–623. arXiv:astro-ph/0608160. Bibcode:2006A&A...458..609D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20065105. S2CID 9341088.
  7. ^ a b c d Boyajian, Tabetha S.; et al. (February 2009). "Angular Diameters of the Hyades Giants Measured with the CHARA Array". The Astrophysical Journal. 691 (2): 1243–1247. arXiv:0810.2238. Bibcode:2009ApJ...691.1243B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/691/2/1243. S2CID 17092177.
  8. ^ Soubiran, C.; Bienaymé, O.; Mishenina, T. V.; Kovtyukh, V. V. (March 2008). "Vertical distribution of Galactic disk stars. IV. AMR and AVR from clump giants". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 480 (1): 91–101. arXiv:0712.1370. Bibcode:2008A&A...480...91S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078788. S2CID 16602121.
  9. ^ a b Setiawan, J.; et al. (July 2004), "Precise radial velocity measurements of G and K giants. Multiple systems and variability trend along the Red Giant Branch", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 421: 241–254, Bibcode:2004A&A...421..241S, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041042-1
  10. ^ a b Bernacca, P. L.; Perinotto, M. (1970). "A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities". Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago. 239 (1): 1. Bibcode:1970CoAsi.239....1B.
  11. ^ a b Allen, R. H. (1963). Star Names: Their Lore and Meaning (Reprint ed.). New York, NY: Dover Publications Inc. p. 390. ISBN 0-486-21079-0.
  12. ^ . United States Naval Observatory. Archived from the original on 14 February 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
  13. ^ a b "Naming Stars". IAU.org. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
  14. ^ Hessman, F. V.; Dhillon, V. S.; Winget, D. E.; Schreiber, M. R.; Horne, K.; Marsh, T. R.; Guenther, E.; Schwope, A.; Heber, U. (2010). "On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets". arXiv:1012.0707 [astro-ph.SR].
  15. ^ "IAU Working Group on Star Names (WGSN)". Retrieved 22 May 2016.
  16. ^ "WG Triennial Report (2015-2018) - Star Names" (PDF). p. 5. Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  17. ^ (in Chinese) 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, ISBN 978-986-7332-25-7.
  18. ^ (in Chinese) 香港太空館 - 研究資源 - 亮星中英對照表 2008-10-25 at the Wayback Machine, Hong Kong Space Museum. Accessed on line November 23, 2010.
  19. ^ de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Hoogerwerf, R.; de Zeeuw, P. T. (February 2001). "A Hipparcos study of the Hyades open cluster. Improved colour-absolute magnitude and Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 367 (1): 111–147. arXiv:astro-ph/0011565. Bibcode:2001A&A...367..111D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000410. S2CID 55224801.

January 01, 1970
gamma, tauri, tauri, abbreviated, gamma, either, solitary, binary, double, star, washington, double, star, catalog, notes, dubious, double, bogus, binary, that, marks, constellation, taurus, member, located, within, about, parsecs, center, hyades, star, cluste. Gamma Tauri g Tauri abbreviated Gamma Tau g Tau is either a solitary binary or double star the Washington Double Star Catalog notes it as a Dubious Double or Bogus Binary 12 that marks the tip of the V in the constellation of Taurus It is a member of and located within about 2 5 parsecs of the center of the Hyades star cluster the nearest open cluster to the Sun Based upon parallax measurements Gamma Tauri is approximately 154 light years from the Sun g TauriLocation of g Tauri circled Observation dataEpoch J2000 Equinox J2000 Constellation Taurus Right ascension 04h 19m 47 6037s 1 Declination 15 37 39 512 1 Apparent magnitude V 3 654 2 Characteristics Spectral type G8III 3 U B color index 0 84 4 B V color index 0 99 4 AstrometryRadial velocity Rv 38 7 0 9 5 km sProper motion m RA 115 29 1 mas yr Dec 23 86 1 mas yrParallax p 21 17 1 17 mas 1 Distance154 9 ly 47 3 pc Absolute magnitude MV 0 22 3 DetailsMass2 70 0 13 6 M Radius13 4 0 2 7 R Luminosity85 3 L Surface gravity log g 2 58 2 61 7 cgsTemperature4 844 47 7 KMetallicity Fe H 0 11 8 dexRotation253 days 9 Rotational velocity v sin i 4 10 km sAge430 530 3 6 Myr Other designationsPrima Hyadum Hyadum I 11 54 Tauri BD 15 612 FK5 159 HD 27371 HIP 20205 HR 1346 SAO 93868 GC 5226 WDS 04198 1538 2 Database referencesSIMBADdata Considered as a pair of stars the two components are designated Gamma Tauri A officially named Prima Hyadum ˌ p r aɪ m e ˈ h aɪ e d e m the traditional name for the system 13 and B Nomenclature editg Tauri Latinised to Gamma Tauri is the system s Bayer designation The designations of the two potential components as Gamma Tauri A and B derive from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog WMC for multiple star systems and adopted by the International Astronomical Union IAU 14 Gamma Tauri bore the traditional name Hyadum I 11 which is Latin for First of the Hyades In 2016 the IAU organized a Working Group on Star Names WGSN 15 to catalog and standardize proper names for stars The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems 16 It approved the name Prima Hyadum for the component Gamma Tauri A on 5 September 2017 and it is now so included in the List of IAU approved Star Names 13 In Chinese 畢宿 Bi Xiu meaning Net refers to an asterism consisting of Gamma Tauri Epsilon Tauri Delta Tauri Delta Tauri Alpha Tauri Aldebaran 71 Tauri and Lambda Tauri 17 Consequently the Chinese name for g Tauri itself is 畢宿四 Bi Xiu si the Fourth Star of Net 18 Properties editGamma Tauri presents as a spectral class G8 or K0 2 3 giant star with an apparent magnitude of 3 65 This star has passed through the main sequence phase is now a red clump giant meaning it is using nuclear fusion of helium at its core to provide energy 19 Age estimates for Gamma Tauri range from 430 million 3 to 530 million years 6 By comparison the age of the Hyades cluster is about 625 million years with an error margin of 50 million years 6 The angular diameter of this star has been measured using the CHARA array to 2 accuracy After correcting for limb darkening this gives the stellar radius as 13 4 times the radius of the Sun 7 The star is radiating about 85 times the luminosity of the Sun 3 and has 2 7 times the Sun s mass 6 With its large size and low projected rotational velocity of 4 km s 1 10 it takes about 253 days to complete a rotation 9 References edit a b c d e Perryman M A C et al 1997 The Hipparcos Catalogue Astronomy amp Astrophysics 323 L49 L52 Bibcode 1997A amp A 323L 49P a b c NSV 1553 Variable Star SIMBAD Centre de Donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg Retrieved 2009 09 22 a b c d e f g Takeda Yoichi Sato Bun ei Murata Daisuke August 2008 Stellar Parameters and Elemental Abundances of Late G Giants Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 60 4 781 802 arXiv 0805 2434 Bibcode 2008PASJ 60 781T doi 10 1093 pasj 60 4 781 S2CID 16258166 a b Johnson H L Morgan W W 1953 Fundamental stellar photometry for standards of spectral type on the revised system of the Yerkes spectral atlas Astrophysical Journal 117 313 352 Bibcode 1953ApJ 117 313J doi 10 1086 145697 Evans D S June 20 24 1966 The Revision of the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities In Batten Alan Henry Heard John Frederick eds Determination of Radial Velocities and their Applications Proceedings from IAU Symposium no 30 University of Toronto International Astronomical Union Bibcode 1967IAUS 30 57E a b c d e da Silva L et al November 2006 Basic physical parameters of a selected sample of evolved stars Astronomy and Astrophysics 458 2 609 623 arXiv astro ph 0608160 Bibcode 2006A amp A 458 609D doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20065105 S2CID 9341088 a b c d Boyajian Tabetha S et al February 2009 Angular Diameters of the Hyades Giants Measured with the CHARA Array The Astrophysical Journal 691 2 1243 1247 arXiv 0810 2238 Bibcode 2009ApJ 691 1243B doi 10 1088 0004 637X 691 2 1243 S2CID 17092177 Soubiran C Bienayme O Mishenina T V Kovtyukh V V March 2008 Vertical distribution of Galactic disk stars IV AMR and AVR from clump giants Astronomy and Astrophysics 480 1 91 101 arXiv 0712 1370 Bibcode 2008A amp A 480 91S doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20078788 S2CID 16602121 a b Setiawan J et al July 2004 Precise radial velocity measurements of G and K giants Multiple systems and variability trend along the Red Giant Branch Astronomy and Astrophysics 421 241 254 Bibcode 2004A amp A 421 241S doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20041042 1 a b Bernacca P L Perinotto M 1970 A catalogue of stellar rotational velocities Contributi Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova in Asiago 239 1 1 Bibcode 1970CoAsi 239 1B a b Allen R H 1963 Star Names Their Lore and Meaning Reprint ed New York NY Dover Publications Inc p 390 ISBN 0 486 21079 0 Washington Double Star Catalog United States Naval Observatory Archived from the original on 14 February 2011 Retrieved 2 January 2018 a b Naming Stars IAU org Retrieved 16 December 2017 Hessman F V Dhillon V S Winget D E Schreiber M R Horne K Marsh T R Guenther E Schwope A Heber U 2010 On the naming convention used for multiple star systems and extrasolar planets arXiv 1012 0707 astro ph SR IAU Working Group on Star Names WGSN Retrieved 22 May 2016 WG Triennial Report 2015 2018 Star Names PDF p 5 Retrieved 2018 07 14 in Chinese 中國星座神話 written by 陳久金 Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司 2005 ISBN 978 986 7332 25 7 in Chinese 香港太空館 研究資源 亮星中英對照表 Archived 2008 10 25 at the Wayback Machine Hong Kong Space Museum Accessed on line November 23 2010 de Bruijne J H J Hoogerwerf R de Zeeuw P T February 2001 A Hipparcos study of the Hyades open cluster Improved colour absolute magnitude and Hertzsprung Russell diagrams Astronomy and Astrophysics 367 1 111 147 arXiv astro ph 0011565 Bibcode 2001A amp A 367 111D doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20000410 S2CID 55224801 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gamma Tauri amp oldid 1141899171, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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