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André Oscar Wallenberg

March 04, 2023

André Oscar Wallenberg (19 November 1816 – 12 January 1886) was a Swedish banker, industrialist, naval officer, newspaper tycoon, politician and a patriarch of the Wallenberg family. In 1856 Wallenberg founded the Stockholms Enskilda Bank, the predecessor of today's Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken.

André Oscar Wallenberg
Born(1816-11-19)19 November 1816
Linköping, Sweden
Died12 January 1886(1886-01-12) (aged 69)
Stockholm, Sweden
Resting placeWallenberg Mausoleum [sv]
59°17′34″N 17°49′48″E / 59.29278°N 17.83000°E / 59.29278; 17.83000
Occupation(s)Banker, industrialist
Known forFounder of Stockholms Enskilda Bank
Patriarch of the Wallenberg family
Spouses
Wilhelmina "Mina" Andersson
​
​
(m. 1846; died 1855)​
Anna von Sydow
​
(m. 1861)​
PartnerLovisa Andersson (1855–1861)
Children21,[1] including
Parent
FamilyWallenberg family

Early life

He was son of the bishop of Linköping, Marcus Wallenberg (1774–1833), and his wife Anna Laurentia Barfoth (1783–1862). During his stay in Lund, Marcus Wallenberg had become acquainted with and fell in love with Anna Laurentia Barfoth, the daughter of the medical professor Anders Eilert Barfoth and Ebba Bager, who belonged to a prominent Danish-Scanian family.[2] He married her in 1804. In this marriage, three sons were born, whose baptismal names along with other attention and courtesy to the older generations of the family burst testimony to Marcus Wallenberg's classic interests and perhaps also hopes or predictions about the boys' most distinguished characteristics before or during the impending journey through life. The oldest of the brothers was called Marcus Hilarion (the happy one), the middle one Jacob Agathon (the good) and the youngest André (Andreios – the powerful, the tenacious) Oscar. Marcus Hilarion became a lieutenant in the 1st Life Grenadier Regiment, landowner and owner of Lövingsborg estate, Jakob Agathon, became Deputy Circuit Judge, Ombudsman of Östergötlands Enskilda Bank and member of the board of Stockholms Enskilda Bank. But most of all, the bishop's prediction seems to have been based on André Oscar, for he became the most prominent of the brothers.[2]

Wallenberg attended Linköping's trivial school and Linköping's gymnasium from 1825 to 1832, and traveled as a deck hand to the Caribbean in 1832 and became a sea cadet on his return. After being commissioned as a naval officer in Karlskrona in 1835, he sailed for a couple of years as a seaman on North American merchant navy ships and in 1837 became a lieutenant in the Swedish Navy. In 1841 he followed as a first mate Göran Adolph Oxehufvud's expedition, which had the La Plata states as destination, but left the expedition in Lisbon and stayed for a year in Spain and France, during which he studied law in Grenoble. From 1846 to 1847 Wallenberg was captain of the first Swedish propeller boat, Linköping. He subsequently devoted himself to the Swedish naval service and served in the Danish Navy in 1849 during the blockade of German coasts. In 1850 Wallenberg became head of a boatswain company in Sundsvall. He now began to engage in business, became a Burgess of Sundsvall, to be eligible for election to a member of parliament and was discharged from military service in 1851 with the rank of premierlöjtnant. In 1855 Wallenberg moved to Stockholm.[3]

Career

As a banker, Wallenberg was a pioneer in Sweden. Already during his stay in the United States in 1837, when the Panic of 1837 occurred, he had the desire to become a banker when he "learned how banks should not be run". In Stockholm in 1852, Wallenberg sought to form a branch, but received "no sanction" due to the Sveriges Riksbank's proximity. A few years later, Wallenberg participated in the establishment of branches in Sundsvall and Hudiksvall and became Sundsvallsbanken's first manager. In 1856 he formed Stockholms Enskilda Bank; the capital, 1 billion, was fully subscribed in two days. Until his death, Wallenberg was the CEO of this bank.[3] He introduced promissory notes, interest-free and payable on demand, a novelty, yet almost unknown outside Sweden, and by relatively high deposit rates developed the deposit and the revaluation and depreciation movement. Wallenberg also took an active part in the formation of the Skandinaviska kreditaktiebolaget, and it was to his credit that this bank's head office wasn't placed to Copenhagen, which Carl Frederik Tietgen wanted, but to Gothenburg. In 1861 Wallenberg was involved in the founding of the Stockholms hypotekskassa ("Stockholm Mortgage Bank"). For his financial wishes and ideas, he used the print media extensively. He was co-owner and contributor of the newspaper Bore from 1848 to 1851 and provided both pecuniary support and articles for Stockholms-Posten from 1869 to 1870. In Aftonbladet, Wallenberg wrote Ekonomiskt ("Economically") almost regularly once a week from 1865 to 1868. During the latter part of his life he published articles in various dissimilar newspapers, which seemed to him to promote his purposes.[3]

From 1853 to 1863 Wallenberg was a member of the Burghers' Estate of the Swedish Parliament (Borgarståndet), in which he soon became known as one of the more powerful and energetic forces of the liberal majority. He was also used by the same in the first three of his parliamentary meetings in the Standing Committee on Banking [and Currency] (Bankoutskottet), as well as in the fourth and last in the Committee of Supply (Statsutskottet).[3]

After the Representation Reform of 1865, he represented the City of Stockholm in the Första kammaren from the beginning of the new state until his death in Stockholm on 12 January 1886. However, he belonged here to those who thought that the reform work could be delayed and confined it to purely practical issues.[3] Among those to whom he devoted special interest may be mentioned: the introduction of the metric system, the adoption of gold standard as a unit of account, the development of banking legislation, the cancellation of the compulsory rate on the Riksdag's banknotes in accordance with §72 of the Constitution, the cancellation of the Riksdag's sovereignty over the Sveriges Riksbank, the introduction of the irrevocable 4 per cent bonds as a type for Swedish government loans, reforms in the debt collection and bankruptcy law, abolition of the wool discount and the convoy commissariat (konvojkommissiariatet), new provisions concerning the measurement of ships, port tariffs, pilotage, improvement of officials' pay conditions, introduction of open voting in parliament, determination of unmarried women's age of majority to 21 years, extension of the right of married women to themselves take possession of inherited and acquired property etc. It was also on his initiative that the Swedish Riksdag made the decision to appoint a prime minister as head of the king's council. Wallenberg, who was a member of the Committee of Supply from 1867 to 1870, otherwise made himself known as one of the power-owning Lantmanna Party's most unforgiving adherents and was vigorously active at the Riksdag of 1883 to bring the army order and tax proposals of Arvid Posse's government to a fall.[4]

In the municipal life of the capital, Wallenberg played a particularly significant role. He served in the Stockholm City Council (Stockholms stadsfullmäktige) from the introduction of this institution to his death and in 1876-77 as its deputy chairman and for a number of years as a member of the Drafting Committee (Beredningsutskottet).[4]

In 1867 Wallenberg was Sweden's official representative at the international monetary conference in Paris, where his proposal that all states should agree on the same alloy in the gold coins was adopted. He was also considerably employed by committees on matters of an economic nature. His financial activities are characterized by rare foresight, paired with energy and power, but also by a ruthlessness that made him, before and after his death, one of the more contentious.[4]

Personal life

Wallenberg fathered 21 children.[1]

Wallenberg married in 1846 to Catharina Wilhelmina ("Mina") Andersson (1826–1855),[5] with whom he had four children; the daughter Oscara (1847–1863), the sons Jacob (1851–1872), Knut Agathon (1853–1938), and Wilhelm (1855–1910).[6]

After Mina's death, he lived with her sister Lovisa Andersson from 1855 to 1861.[1]

Wallenberg married in 1861 to Anna Eleonora Charlotta von Sydow (1838–1910), the daughter of Rear Admiral Johan Gustaf von Sydow [sv] and his wife Eleonora Juliana Wiggman. They had 14 children; the sons Gustaf [sv] (1863–1937), Marcus (1864–1943), Louis (1867–1869), Oscar [sv] (1872–1939), Axel [sv] (1874–1963), Victor (1875–1970), and the daughters Mrs. Anna Bergenstråhle (1865–1950), Countess Siri Oxenstierna (1868–1929), Mrs. Ingeborg Qvarnström (1870–1929), Mrs. Lilly Crafoord (1873–1956), Baroness Alfhild af Ugglas (1877–1952), Oscara (1878–1880), Baroness Ruth von Essén (1880–1972), and Thyra (born and died 1884).[6]

Ancestry

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Bladh 2002, pp. 81–83
  2. ^ a b Key 1916, p. 11.
  3. ^ a b c d e Hofberg et al. 1906, p. 686
  4. ^ a b c Hofberg et al. 1906, p. 687
  5. ^ Key 1916, pp. 26, 265.
  6. ^ a b Key 1916, pp. 200–201.

Sources

  • Bladh, Mats (2002). "Göran B Nilsson: Grundaren" (PDF). Ekonomisk Debatt (in Swedish). 30 (1). Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  • Hofberg, Herman; Heurlin, Frithiof; Millqvist, Viktor; Rubenson, Olof (1906). Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon: alfabetiskt ordnade lefnadsteckningar af Sveriges namnkunniga män och kvinnor från reformationen till nuvarande tid. Senare delen, L-Ö ; Samt supplement (in Swedish) (Ny uppl. /grundligt genomsedd, omarbetad och till våra dagar framförd af Frithiof Heurlin ... ed.). Stockholm: Bonnier. SELIBR 81314.
  • Key, Helmer (1916). A. O. Wallenberg: en minnesteckning (in Swedish). Stockholm: Nordiska bokh. SELIBR 411951.

Further reading

  • Nilsson, Göran B. (1984). André Oscar Wallenberg 1 Odysséernas år 1816-1856 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. ISBN 9118431925. SELIBR 460376.
  • Nilsson, Göran B. (1989). André Oscar Wallenberg 2 Gyllene tider 1856-1866 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. ISBN 9118837921. SELIBR 460377.
  • Nilsson, Göran B. (1994). André Oscar Wallenberg 3 Ett namn att försvara 1866-1886 (in Swedish). Stockholm: Norstedt. ISBN 9119415826. SELIBR 460378.
  • Nilsson, Göran B. (2001). Grundaren: [André Oscar Wallenberg (1816-1886)] (in Swedish). Stockholm: Carlsson. ISBN 9172033975. SELIBR 8372226.

External links

  •   Media related to André Oscar Wallenberg at Wikimedia Commons

March 04, 2023
andré, oscar, wallenberg, november, 1816, january, 1886, swedish, banker, industrialist, naval, officer, newspaper, tycoon, politician, patriarch, wallenberg, family, 1856, wallenberg, founded, stockholms, enskilda, bank, predecessor, today, skandinaviska, ens. Andre Oscar Wallenberg 19 November 1816 12 January 1886 was a Swedish banker industrialist naval officer newspaper tycoon politician and a patriarch of the Wallenberg family In 1856 Wallenberg founded the Stockholms Enskilda Bank the predecessor of today s Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken Andre Oscar WallenbergBorn 1816 11 19 19 November 1816Linkoping SwedenDied12 January 1886 1886 01 12 aged 69 Stockholm SwedenResting placeWallenberg Mausoleum sv 59 17 34 N 17 49 48 E 59 29278 N 17 83000 E 59 29278 17 83000Occupation s Banker industrialistKnown forFounder of Stockholms Enskilda BankPatriarch of the Wallenberg familySpousesWilhelmina Mina Andersson m 1846 died 1855 wbr Anna von Sydow m 1861 wbr PartnerLovisa Andersson 1855 1861 Children21 1 including Knut Agathon Marcus Sr VictorParentMarcus Wallenberg father FamilyWallenberg family Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 3 Personal life 4 Ancestry 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 Sources 7 Further reading 8 External linksEarly life EditHe was son of the bishop of Linkoping Marcus Wallenberg 1774 1833 and his wife Anna Laurentia Barfoth 1783 1862 During his stay in Lund Marcus Wallenberg had become acquainted with and fell in love with Anna Laurentia Barfoth the daughter of the medical professor Anders Eilert Barfoth and Ebba Bager who belonged to a prominent Danish Scanian family 2 He married her in 1804 In this marriage three sons were born whose baptismal names along with other attention and courtesy to the older generations of the family burst testimony to Marcus Wallenberg s classic interests and perhaps also hopes or predictions about the boys most distinguished characteristics before or during the impending journey through life The oldest of the brothers was called Marcus Hilarion the happy one the middle one Jacob Agathon the good and the youngest Andre Andreios the powerful the tenacious Oscar Marcus Hilarion became a lieutenant in the 1st Life Grenadier Regiment landowner and owner of Lovingsborg estate Jakob Agathon became Deputy Circuit Judge Ombudsman of Ostergotlands Enskilda Bank and member of the board of Stockholms Enskilda Bank But most of all the bishop s prediction seems to have been based on Andre Oscar for he became the most prominent of the brothers 2 Wallenberg attended Linkoping s trivial school and Linkoping s gymnasium from 1825 to 1832 and traveled as a deck hand to the Caribbean in 1832 and became a sea cadet on his return After being commissioned as a naval officer in Karlskrona in 1835 he sailed for a couple of years as a seaman on North American merchant navy ships and in 1837 became a lieutenant in the Swedish Navy In 1841 he followed as a first mate Goran Adolph Oxehufvud s expedition which had the La Plata states as destination but left the expedition in Lisbon and stayed for a year in Spain and France during which he studied law in Grenoble From 1846 to 1847 Wallenberg was captain of the first Swedish propeller boat Linkoping He subsequently devoted himself to the Swedish naval service and served in the Danish Navy in 1849 during the blockade of German coasts In 1850 Wallenberg became head of a boatswain company in Sundsvall He now began to engage in business became a Burgess of Sundsvall to be eligible for election to a member of parliament and was discharged from military service in 1851 with the rank of premierlojtnant In 1855 Wallenberg moved to Stockholm 3 Career EditAs a banker Wallenberg was a pioneer in Sweden Already during his stay in the United States in 1837 when the Panic of 1837 occurred he had the desire to become a banker when he learned how banks should not be run In Stockholm in 1852 Wallenberg sought to form a branch but received no sanction due to the Sveriges Riksbank s proximity A few years later Wallenberg participated in the establishment of branches in Sundsvall and Hudiksvall and became Sundsvallsbanken s first manager In 1856 he formed Stockholms Enskilda Bank the capital 1 billion was fully subscribed in two days Until his death Wallenberg was the CEO of this bank 3 He introduced promissory notes interest free and payable on demand a novelty yet almost unknown outside Sweden and by relatively high deposit rates developed the deposit and the revaluation and depreciation movement Wallenberg also took an active part in the formation of the Skandinaviska kreditaktiebolaget and it was to his credit that this bank s head office wasn t placed to Copenhagen which Carl Frederik Tietgen wanted but to Gothenburg In 1861 Wallenberg was involved in the founding of the Stockholms hypotekskassa Stockholm Mortgage Bank For his financial wishes and ideas he used the print media extensively He was co owner and contributor of the newspaper Bore from 1848 to 1851 and provided both pecuniary support and articles for Stockholms Posten from 1869 to 1870 In Aftonbladet Wallenberg wrote Ekonomiskt Economically almost regularly once a week from 1865 to 1868 During the latter part of his life he published articles in various dissimilar newspapers which seemed to him to promote his purposes 3 From 1853 to 1863 Wallenberg was a member of the Burghers Estate of the Swedish Parliament Borgarstandet in which he soon became known as one of the more powerful and energetic forces of the liberal majority He was also used by the same in the first three of his parliamentary meetings in the Standing Committee on Banking and Currency Bankoutskottet as well as in the fourth and last in the Committee of Supply Statsutskottet 3 After the Representation Reform of 1865 he represented the City of Stockholm in the Forsta kammaren from the beginning of the new state until his death in Stockholm on 12 January 1886 However he belonged here to those who thought that the reform work could be delayed and confined it to purely practical issues 3 Among those to whom he devoted special interest may be mentioned the introduction of the metric system the adoption of gold standard as a unit of account the development of banking legislation the cancellation of the compulsory rate on the Riksdag s banknotes in accordance with 72 of the Constitution the cancellation of the Riksdag s sovereignty over the Sveriges Riksbank the introduction of the irrevocable 4 per cent bonds as a type for Swedish government loans reforms in the debt collection and bankruptcy law abolition of the wool discount and the convoy commissariat konvojkommissiariatet new provisions concerning the measurement of ships port tariffs pilotage improvement of officials pay conditions introduction of open voting in parliament determination of unmarried women s age of majority to 21 years extension of the right of married women to themselves take possession of inherited and acquired property etc It was also on his initiative that the Swedish Riksdag made the decision to appoint a prime minister as head of the king s council Wallenberg who was a member of the Committee of Supply from 1867 to 1870 otherwise made himself known as one of the power owning Lantmanna Party s most unforgiving adherents and was vigorously active at the Riksdag of 1883 to bring the army order and tax proposals of Arvid Posse s government to a fall 4 In the municipal life of the capital Wallenberg played a particularly significant role He served in the Stockholm City Council Stockholms stadsfullmaktige from the introduction of this institution to his death and in 1876 77 as its deputy chairman and for a number of years as a member of the Drafting Committee Beredningsutskottet 4 In 1867 Wallenberg was Sweden s official representative at the international monetary conference in Paris where his proposal that all states should agree on the same alloy in the gold coins was adopted He was also considerably employed by committees on matters of an economic nature His financial activities are characterized by rare foresight paired with energy and power but also by a ruthlessness that made him before and after his death one of the more contentious 4 Personal life EditWallenberg fathered 21 children 1 Wallenberg married in 1846 to Catharina Wilhelmina Mina Andersson 1826 1855 5 with whom he had four children the daughter Oscara 1847 1863 the sons Jacob 1851 1872 Knut Agathon 1853 1938 and Wilhelm 1855 1910 6 After Mina s death he lived with her sister Lovisa Andersson from 1855 to 1861 1 Wallenberg married in 1861 to Anna Eleonora Charlotta von Sydow 1838 1910 the daughter of Rear Admiral Johan Gustaf von Sydow sv and his wife Eleonora Juliana Wiggman They had 14 children the sons Gustaf sv 1863 1937 Marcus 1864 1943 Louis 1867 1869 Oscar sv 1872 1939 Axel sv 1874 1963 Victor 1875 1970 and the daughters Mrs Anna Bergenstrahle 1865 1950 Countess Siri Oxenstierna 1868 1929 Mrs Ingeborg Qvarnstrom 1870 1929 Mrs Lilly Crafoord 1873 1956 Baroness Alfhild af Ugglas 1877 1952 Oscara 1878 1880 Baroness Ruth von Essen 1880 1972 and Thyra born and died 1884 6 Ancestry EditAncestors of Andre Oscar Wallenberg16 Maintenance farmer Pehr Hansson8 Sheriff Jacob Wallberg17 Kerstin Jacobsdotter Schuut4 Lector of theology Marcus Wallenberg18 Vicar Markus Tillberg9 Anna Kristina Tillberg19 Anna Maria Molenia2 Marcus Wallenberg20 Lars Amundsson10 Vicar Dean Erik Kinnander21 Maria Eriksdotter5 Sara Helena Kinnander22 Sheriff Magnus Philander11 Catharina Maria Philander23 Apollonia Ekerman1 Andre Oscar Wallenberg24 Vicar Henrik Barfoth12 Vicar Eilert Hilarius David Magnus Barfoth25 Agneta Warberg6 Professor Andreas Barfoth26 Vicar Andreas Johanni Nelander13 Anna Nelander27 Margareta Rydelia3 Anna Laurentia Barfoth28 Burgher merchant of Malmo Jons Bager14 Merchant of Lund and Malmo Jacob Jonsson Bager29 Margareta Brun7 Elsa Bagger30 Grand burgher of Malmo Lars Hammarlund15 Maria Laurentia Hammarlund31 Helena Maria NobeliaSee also EditWallenberg familyReferences EditNotes Edit a b c Bladh 2002 pp 81 83 a b Key 1916 p 11 a b c d e Hofberg et al 1906 p 686 a b c Hofberg et al 1906 p 687 Key 1916 pp 26 265 a b Key 1916 pp 200 201 Sources Edit Bladh Mats 2002 Goran B Nilsson Grundaren PDF Ekonomisk Debatt in Swedish 30 1 Retrieved 16 June 2022 Hofberg Herman Heurlin Frithiof Millqvist Viktor Rubenson Olof 1906 Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon alfabetiskt ordnade lefnadsteckningar af Sveriges namnkunniga man och kvinnor fran reformationen till nuvarande tid Senare delen L O Samt supplement in Swedish Ny uppl grundligt genomsedd omarbetad och till vara dagar framford af Frithiof Heurlin ed Stockholm Bonnier SELIBR 81314 Key Helmer 1916 A O Wallenberg en minnesteckning in Swedish Stockholm Nordiska bokh SELIBR 411951 Further reading EditNilsson Goran B 1984 Andre Oscar Wallenberg 1 Odysseernas ar 1816 1856 in Swedish Stockholm Norstedt ISBN 9118431925 SELIBR 460376 Nilsson Goran B 1989 Andre Oscar Wallenberg 2 Gyllene tider 1856 1866 in Swedish Stockholm Norstedt ISBN 9118837921 SELIBR 460377 Nilsson Goran B 1994 Andre Oscar Wallenberg 3 Ett namn att forsvara 1866 1886 in Swedish Stockholm Norstedt ISBN 9119415826 SELIBR 460378 Nilsson Goran B 2001 Grundaren Andre Oscar Wallenberg 1816 1886 in Swedish Stockholm Carlsson ISBN 9172033975 SELIBR 8372226 External links Edit Media related to Andre Oscar Wallenberg at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Andre Oscar Wallenberg amp oldid 1137194919, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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