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Napa Valley AVA

Napa Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in Napa County, California. It was established by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) on January 27, 1981. Napa Valley is considered one of the premier wine regions in the world.[4] Records of commercial wine production in the region date back to the nineteenth century,[5] but premium wine production dates back only to the 1960s.[4]

Napa Valley
Wine region
Napa Valley Vineyard
TypeAmerican Viticultural Area
Year established1981[1]
Years of wine industry166[1]
CountryUnited States
Part ofCalifornia, Napa County, North Coast AVA
Other regions in California, Napa County, North Coast AVASonoma Valley AVA
Sub-regionsLos Carneros AVA, Howell Mountain AVA, Wild Horse Valley AVA, Stags Leap District AVA, Mt. Veeder AVA, Atlas Peak AVA, Spring Mountain District AVA, Oakville AVA, Rutherford AVA, St. Helena AVA, Chiles Valley AVA, Yountville AVA, Diamond Mountain District AVA, Coombsville AVA, Oak Knoll District of Napa Valley AVA, Calistoga AVA [2]
Climate regionMediterranean
Total area122,735 acres (192 sq mi)
Size of planted vineyards43,000 acres (17,401 ha)[3]
No. of vineyards400+
Varietals producedCabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Pinot noir, Zinfandel, Chardonnay, Sauvignon blanc, and more
No. of wineries612[3]

The combination of Mediterranean climate, geography and geology of the region are conducive to growing quality wine grapes. John Patchett established the Napa Valley's first commercial vineyard in 1858.[6] In 1861 Charles Krug established another of Napa Valley's first commercial wineries in St. Helena.[6] Viticulture in Napa suffered several setbacks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including an outbreak of the vine disease phylloxera, the institution of Prohibition, and the Great Depression. The wine industry in Napa Valley recovered, and helped by the results of the Paris Wine Tasting of 1976, came to be seen as capable of producing the best quality wine – equal to that of Old World wine regions. Napa Valley is now a major enotourism destination.

Geography edit

The valley floor is flanked by the Mayacamas Range on the western and northern sides and the Vaca Mountains on the eastern side.[7] Several smaller valleys exist within these two ranges. The floor of the main valley gradually rises from sea level at the southern end to 362 feet (110 m) above sea level at the northern end in Calistoga at the base of Mount Saint Helena. The Oakville and Rutherford viticultural areas lie within a geographical area known as the Rutherford Bench in the center of the valley floor.[8] The soil in the southern end of the valley consists mainly of sediments deposited by earlier advances and retreats of San Pablo Bay while the soil at the northern end of the valley contains a large volume of volcanic lava and ash. Several of the small hills that emerge from the middle of the valley floor near Yountville are indicators of the region's volcanic past.

 

Climate edit

Several mesoclimates exist within the area due to various weather and geographical influences. The open southern end of the valley floor is cooler during the growing season due to the proximity of San Pablo Bay while the sheltered, closed northern end is often much warmer.[9] The eastern side of the valley tends to be more arid due to the rain shadow caused by the western mountains and hills.

Napa Valley's climate and geography are shaped by a unique cooling effect, crucial for premium grape growing.[10] Originating from a cold ocean current from Alaska, this effect involves fog formation and cool air influx from the Pacific, offset by warmer air rising from California's Central Valley. This dynamic results in a climate system where fog and cooler sea air are drawn inland through valleys, create ideal conditions for high-quality viticulture.[11] The region's complexity extends to varying topography, sun exposure, and diverse soils, contributing to a wide array of microclimates or terroirs within a relatively small viticulture area. Napa Valley, despite its linear appearance, is a tapestry of climate influences from the adjacent Vaca and Mayacamas mountain ranges, alongside varied lithologies influencing vineyard substrates.[12] This geographical diversity, coupled with the Mediterranean climate characterized by hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters, impacts grape growing in the Napa Valley. Rainfall distribution and the daily summer fog, which typically shrouds the valley until mid-morning, vary across the region, affecting grape variety and quality.[12] However, the potential impacts of climate change pose new challenges: rising global temperatures and possible disruptions to the cooling effect could alter the conditions that have historically favored premium grape growing in Napa Valley.[13]

History edit

 
Grapes in a Napa Valley vineyard

Early years edit

Early pioneer and settler George C. Yount is generally credited to have been the first to grow grapes in the Napa Valley.[6] In 1864, on the marriage of one of his granddaughters to Thomas Rutherford, Yount gave the couple around 1,000 acres (4 km2) of land, which Rutherford dedicated to winemaking.[14]

Commercial production started in 1858, with John Patchett selling wine for $2 per gallon.[6] His wine cellar, built in 1859, narrowly predates that established in 1861 in St. Helena by Charles Krug, although this is commonly cited as the Napa Valley's first winery.[15]

Captain Gustave Niebaum established Inglenook Winery in 1879 near the village of Rutherford.[16] This was the first Bordeaux style winery in the US. Inglenook wines won gold medals at the 1889 World's Fair in Paris.

In 1868 H. W. Crabb bought land near Oakville close to the Napa River. Crabb established a vineyard and winery named To Kalon, and by 1877 had planted 130 acres (0.5 km2) and was producing 50,000 US gallons of wine per year. Crabb experimented with over 400 grape varieties to find the types best suited for the area.

By the end of the nineteenth century, there were more than one hundred and forty wineries in the area. Of those original wineries, several still exist in the valley today including Beaulieu, Beringer, Charles Krug, Chateau Montelena, Far Niente, Mayacamas, Markham Vineyards, and Schramsberg Vineyards.

Phylloxera, Prohibition and the Great Depression edit

Viticulture in Napa suffered several setbacks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Phylloxera louse killed many of the vines throughout the valley. Prohibition, enacted in 1920, caused many wineries to shut down. A few remained open with agreements to produce sacramental wine. Growers who elected to keep their vines planted sold their crops to home winemakers.[17] The Great Depression slowed the wine business further. These events stalled the growth of the wine industry in Napa County, California for years.

Modern era edit

André Tchelistcheff is generally credited with ushering in the modern era of winemaking in California. Beaulieu hired Tchelisticheff in 1938.[18] He introduced several techniques and procedures to the region, such as aging wine in small French Oak barrels, cold fermentation, vineyard frost prevention, and malolactic fermentation.

 
Opus One vineyard in Napa Valley

Following Prohibition, Beringer Vineyards invited attendees of the Golden Gate International Exposition to visit the winery using promotional maps printed with the phrase "All roads lead to Beringer" in 1939. The winery also invited Hollywood stars including Clark Gable, Charles Laughton and Carole Lombard to visit. These early promotions are considered to be the birth of wine-based tourism that is now a large part of the economy of Napa Valley today.[19]

Brother Timothy of Christian Brothers winery was also instrumental in establishing the modern wine industry in Napa. After an earlier career as a teacher, he transferred to the order's Mont La Salle located on Mount Veeder in the Mayacamas Mountains northwest of Napa in 1935 to become the wine chemist for the order's expanding wine operations. Christian Brothers had grown grapes and made sacramental wine in Benicia, California during Prohibition, but decided to branch out into commercial production of wine and brandy after the repeal of Prohibition. The science teacher was a fast learner and soon established Christian Brothers as one of the leading brands in the state's budding wine industry. Brother Timothy's smiling face in advertisements and promotional materials became one of the most familiar images for wine consumers across the country. Following the Second World War, the wine industry in Napa began to thrive again.

 
Opus One Vineyard

In 1965, Napa Valley icon Robert Mondavi broke away from his family's Charles Krug estate to found his own winemaking operation in Oakville. It was the first new large scale winery to be established in the valley since prohibition and included the original To Kalon land. After this, the number of wineries in the valley grew rapidly, as did the region's reputation.

Napa Valley as a top wine region edit

 
A Cabernet Sauvignon from Napa Valley
 
Mature Napa vines

During the Bicentennial, the region gained international recognition from the Paris Wine Tasting of 1976 when featured Napa Valley Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon vintages ranked #1 honors, scored by renown French oenophiles, besting several famous French labels in a blind tasting format. The news of the wine competition, termed the "Judgment of Paris", was immediately published by a Time magazine article and later portrayed in the 2008 Hollywood film, Bottle Shock. The results of the momentous event established Napa's international reputation as a premier wine-producing region.[20][21][22]

A modern outbreak of phylloxera was discovered in the valley in 1983 in a vineyard planted with AxR1 rootstock.[23] Many growers seized upon this outbreak as an opportunity to switch to varieties that were better suited to the climate and soil. By the late 1990s about 75% of the affected vineyards had been replanted with phylloxera resistant rootstock.[24] The growers in the region have since channeled their energy to battle the Glassy-winged sharpshooter, a non-native pest that carries Pierce's disease.[25]

A trend of larger national and international companies like E & J Gallo Winery, Diageo and Constellation Brands buying smaller wineries, vineyards and brands began to gain momentum in the early part of the 21st century.[26] Today Napa Valley features more than 450 wineries that grow grape varieties including Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Pinot noir, Merlot, Zinfandel, among others. While winemakers may produce wines from specific AVAs within the valley, many wines are made as a blend from grapes grown on the valley floor and the surrounding hillsides.

Enotourism edit

More than 4.5 million people visit Napa Valley each year, making it a very popular tourist destination in California.[27]

American Viticultural Areas (AVAs) of Napa Valley edit

 
A Cabernet Sauvignon from the Stags Leap District of Napa Valley.

Within the Napa Valley AVA, there are sixteen sub-AVAs:[1][2]

Area Date created
Los Carneros (Carneros) Aug 18, 1983
Howell Mountain Dec 30, 1983
Wild Horse Valley Nov 30, 1988
Stags Leap Jan 27, 1989
Mt. Veeder Feb 20, 1990
Atlas Peak Jan 22, 1992
Spring Mountain May 13, 1993
Oakville Jul 2, 1993
Rutherford Jul 2, 1993
St. Helena Sep 11, 1995
Chiles Valley Feb 17, 1999
Yountville Mar 19, 1999
Diamond Mountain Jun 1, 2001
Oak Knoll Feb 25, 2004
Calistoga Dec 8, 2009
Coombsville Dec 14, 2011

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Napa Valley Viticultural Area" (27 CFR Part 9 [TD ATF-79; Re: Notice No. 3371] Final Rule). Federal Register. 46 (18). Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, Treasury Department: 9061–9063. January 28, 1981.  This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  2. ^ a b "Napa Valley Appellations". Napa Valley Vintners. from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved June 6, 2022.
  3. ^ a b . Appellation America. 2007. Archived from the original on October 31, 2007. Retrieved October 29, 2007.
  4. ^ a b Robinson, Jancis (September 6, 2008). . JancisRobinson.com. Archived from the original (Tasting Notes & Wine Reviews) on April 4, 2014. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  5. ^ . Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co. 1891. Archived from the original on March 27, 2009. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d Brennan, Nancy (November 21, 2010). "John Patchett: Introducing one of Napa's pioneers". Napa Valley Register. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  7. ^ Kilpatrick, Kirk (June 9, 2018). "Have Napa Valley's mountains ever "peaked" your interest?". Napa Valley Register. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  8. ^ "The Rutherford and Oakville AVAs - Early Days". Vinous.com. September 13, 2006. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  9. ^ . Napawunder.com. Archived from the original on July 21, 2021. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  10. ^ Gatto, Jonathan; Kim, Byung-oh; Mahdavi, Paasha; Hirochika, Namekawa; Tran, Hung. (2009). "The Future Impact of Climate Change on the California Wine Industry and Actions the State of California Should Take to Address It."
  11. ^ Clarke, Oz; Gage, Keith; Gage, Sue (2007). Wine atlas: wines and wine regions of the world (Rev. and updated [ed.] ed.). London: Pavilion. ISBN 978-1-86205-782-1.
  12. ^ a b Swinchatt, Jonathan P.; Howell, David G.; MacDonald, Sarah L. (June 1, 2018). "The Scale Dependence of Wine and Terroir: Examples from Coastal California and the Napa Valley (USA)". Elements. 14 (3): 179–184. doi:10.2138/gselements.14.3.179. ISSN 1811-5217.
  13. ^ Campbell, James; Breen, Paige; Scholasch, Thibaut; Kennedy, James; Forrestal, Elisabeth. (2023). "Understanding the impact of climate change on Anthocyanin concentrations in Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon."
  14. ^ . SanFranciscoWineTours.com. Archived from the original on September 14, 2010. Retrieved January 2, 2011. In 1846, one of Yount's granddaughters married Thomas Rutherford and Yount gave the newlyweds the very generous gift of about 1,000 acres at the northern edge of Rancho Caymus. Following Yount's lead, Rutherford planted grapes and began investing in winemaking in Napa. By the 1880s, the Rutherford area was well established as one of Napa Valley's premium wine districts.
  15. ^ . Charles Krug. Archived from the original on January 22, 2011. Retrieved January 2, 2011. The Charles Krug Winery, first in the Napa Valley and established in 1861, is owned and operated by the Peter Mondavi Family.
  16. ^ . Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co. 1891. Archived from the original on February 28, 2017. Retrieved January 2, 2011.
  17. ^ Burnham, Kelsey (April 18, 2010). "Prohibition in Wine Country". Napa Valley Register. Retrieved April 18, 2010.
  18. ^ "Andre Tchelistcheff, 92, Authority on Wine". New York Times. April 7, 1994. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  19. ^ Courtney, Kevin (May 26, 2005). "New park named for 'father of wine tourism". Napa Valley Register. Napa, CA: Lee Enterprises. from the original on August 17, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  20. ^ Taber, George M. (June 7, 1976). "Judgment of Paris" (Modern Living). Time. from the original on November 8, 2015. Retrieved April 27, 2012.
  21. ^ Taber, George M. (September 13, 2005). The Judgment of Paris: California vs France and the Historic 1976 Paris Tasting That Revolutionized Wine. Scribner. ISBN 978-0-7432-4751-1.
  22. ^ Peterson, Thane (May 8, 2001). . Business Week. Archived from the original (Movable Feast) on October 18, 2007. Retrieved July 19, 2006.
  23. ^ Prial, Frank J. (May 5, 1999). "WINE TALK; After Phylloxera, The First Taste Of a Better Grape". The New York Times. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
  24. ^ Napa Valley AVA: the in's & out's, wineriesandvineyards.com, August 9, 2017, retrieved August 3, 2021
  25. ^ Eberling, Barry (December 20, 2014). "Bug wars: Napa's fight to keep out glassy-winged sharpshooters". Napa Valley Register. Retrieved August 3, 2021.
  26. ^ Lutz, Henry (June 19, 2017). "Big wine companies are snapping up Napa Valley producers and vineyards". Napa Valley Register. Napa, CA: Lee Enterprises. from the original on November 11, 2020. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
  27. ^ "Community & Corporate Partnerships". Lincoln Theatre. Retrieved August 3, 2021.

External links edit

  • Napa Valley Region
  • Napa Valley Vintners
  • TTB AVA Map


38°23′12″N 122°21′00″W / 38.3867°N 122.3500°W / 38.3867; -122.3500

napa, valley, napa, valley, american, viticultural, area, located, napa, county, california, established, bureau, alcohol, tobacco, firearms, january, 1981, napa, valley, considered, premier, wine, regions, world, records, commercial, wine, production, region,. Napa Valley is an American Viticultural Area AVA located in Napa County California It was established by the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms ATF on January 27 1981 Napa Valley is considered one of the premier wine regions in the world 4 Records of commercial wine production in the region date back to the nineteenth century 5 but premium wine production dates back only to the 1960s 4 Napa ValleyWine regionNapa Valley VineyardTypeAmerican Viticultural AreaYear established1981 1 Years of wine industry166 1 CountryUnited StatesPart ofCalifornia Napa County North Coast AVAOther regions in California Napa County North Coast AVASonoma Valley AVASub regionsLos Carneros AVA Howell Mountain AVA Wild Horse Valley AVA Stags Leap District AVA Mt Veeder AVA Atlas Peak AVA Spring Mountain District AVA Oakville AVA Rutherford AVA St Helena AVA Chiles Valley AVA Yountville AVA Diamond Mountain District AVA Coombsville AVA Oak Knoll District of Napa Valley AVA Calistoga AVA 2 Climate regionMediterraneanTotal area122 735 acres 192 sq mi Size of planted vineyards43 000 acres 17 401 ha 3 No of vineyards400 Varietals producedCabernet Sauvignon Merlot Cabernet Franc Pinot noir Zinfandel Chardonnay Sauvignon blanc and moreNo of wineries612 3 The combination of Mediterranean climate geography and geology of the region are conducive to growing quality wine grapes John Patchett established the Napa Valley s first commercial vineyard in 1858 6 In 1861 Charles Krug established another of Napa Valley s first commercial wineries in St Helena 6 Viticulture in Napa suffered several setbacks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries including an outbreak of the vine disease phylloxera the institution of Prohibition and the Great Depression The wine industry in Napa Valley recovered and helped by the results of the Paris Wine Tasting of 1976 came to be seen as capable of producing the best quality wine equal to that of Old World wine regions Napa Valley is now a major enotourism destination Contents 1 Geography 2 Climate 3 History 3 1 Early years 3 2 Phylloxera Prohibition and the Great Depression 3 3 Modern era 3 4 Napa Valley as a top wine region 4 Enotourism 5 American Viticultural Areas AVAs of Napa Valley 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksGeography editThe valley floor is flanked by the Mayacamas Range on the western and northern sides and the Vaca Mountains on the eastern side 7 Several smaller valleys exist within these two ranges The floor of the main valley gradually rises from sea level at the southern end to 362 feet 110 m above sea level at the northern end in Calistoga at the base of Mount Saint Helena The Oakville and Rutherford viticultural areas lie within a geographical area known as the Rutherford Bench in the center of the valley floor 8 The soil in the southern end of the valley consists mainly of sediments deposited by earlier advances and retreats of San Pablo Bay while the soil at the northern end of the valley contains a large volume of volcanic lava and ash Several of the small hills that emerge from the middle of the valley floor near Yountville are indicators of the region s volcanic past nbsp Climate editSeveral mesoclimates exist within the area due to various weather and geographical influences The open southern end of the valley floor is cooler during the growing season due to the proximity of San Pablo Bay while the sheltered closed northern end is often much warmer 9 The eastern side of the valley tends to be more arid due to the rain shadow caused by the western mountains and hills Napa Valley s climate and geography are shaped by a unique cooling effect crucial for premium grape growing 10 Originating from a cold ocean current from Alaska this effect involves fog formation and cool air influx from the Pacific offset by warmer air rising from California s Central Valley This dynamic results in a climate system where fog and cooler sea air are drawn inland through valleys create ideal conditions for high quality viticulture 11 The region s complexity extends to varying topography sun exposure and diverse soils contributing to a wide array of microclimates or terroirs within a relatively small viticulture area Napa Valley despite its linear appearance is a tapestry of climate influences from the adjacent Vaca and Mayacamas mountain ranges alongside varied lithologies influencing vineyard substrates 12 This geographical diversity coupled with the Mediterranean climate characterized by hot dry summers and cool wet winters impacts grape growing in the Napa Valley Rainfall distribution and the daily summer fog which typically shrouds the valley until mid morning vary across the region affecting grape variety and quality 12 However the potential impacts of climate change pose new challenges rising global temperatures and possible disruptions to the cooling effect could alter the conditions that have historically favored premium grape growing in Napa Valley 13 History edit nbsp Grapes in a Napa Valley vineyardEarly years edit Early pioneer and settler George C Yount is generally credited to have been the first to grow grapes in the Napa Valley 6 In 1864 on the marriage of one of his granddaughters to Thomas Rutherford Yount gave the couple around 1 000 acres 4 km2 of land which Rutherford dedicated to winemaking 14 Commercial production started in 1858 with John Patchett selling wine for 2 per gallon 6 His wine cellar built in 1859 narrowly predates that established in 1861 in St Helena by Charles Krug although this is commonly cited as the Napa Valley s first winery 15 Captain Gustave Niebaum established Inglenook Winery in 1879 near the village of Rutherford 16 This was the first Bordeaux style winery in the US Inglenook wines won gold medals at the 1889 World s Fair in Paris In 1868 H W Crabb bought land near Oakville close to the Napa River Crabb established a vineyard and winery named To Kalon and by 1877 had planted 130 acres 0 5 km2 and was producing 50 000 US gallons of wine per year Crabb experimented with over 400 grape varieties to find the types best suited for the area By the end of the nineteenth century there were more than one hundred and forty wineries in the area Of those original wineries several still exist in the valley today including Beaulieu Beringer Charles Krug Chateau Montelena Far Niente Mayacamas Markham Vineyards and Schramsberg Vineyards Phylloxera Prohibition and the Great Depression edit Viticulture in Napa suffered several setbacks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries The Phylloxera louse killed many of the vines throughout the valley Prohibition enacted in 1920 caused many wineries to shut down A few remained open with agreements to produce sacramental wine Growers who elected to keep their vines planted sold their crops to home winemakers 17 The Great Depression slowed the wine business further These events stalled the growth of the wine industry in Napa County California for years Modern era edit Andre Tchelistcheff is generally credited with ushering in the modern era of winemaking in California Beaulieu hired Tchelisticheff in 1938 18 He introduced several techniques and procedures to the region such as aging wine in small French Oak barrels cold fermentation vineyard frost prevention and malolactic fermentation nbsp Opus One vineyard in Napa ValleyFollowing Prohibition Beringer Vineyards invited attendees of the Golden Gate International Exposition to visit the winery using promotional maps printed with the phrase All roads lead to Beringer in 1939 The winery also invited Hollywood stars including Clark Gable Charles Laughton and Carole Lombard to visit These early promotions are considered to be the birth of wine based tourism that is now a large part of the economy of Napa Valley today 19 Brother Timothy of Christian Brothers winery was also instrumental in establishing the modern wine industry in Napa After an earlier career as a teacher he transferred to the order s Mont La Salle located on Mount Veeder in the Mayacamas Mountains northwest of Napa in 1935 to become the wine chemist for the order s expanding wine operations Christian Brothers had grown grapes and made sacramental wine in Benicia California during Prohibition but decided to branch out into commercial production of wine and brandy after the repeal of Prohibition The science teacher was a fast learner and soon established Christian Brothers as one of the leading brands in the state s budding wine industry Brother Timothy s smiling face in advertisements and promotional materials became one of the most familiar images for wine consumers across the country Following the Second World War the wine industry in Napa began to thrive again nbsp Opus One VineyardIn 1965 Napa Valley icon Robert Mondavi broke away from his family s Charles Krug estate to found his own winemaking operation in Oakville It was the first new large scale winery to be established in the valley since prohibition and included the original To Kalon land After this the number of wineries in the valley grew rapidly as did the region s reputation Napa Valley as a top wine region edit nbsp A Cabernet Sauvignon from Napa Valley nbsp Mature Napa vinesDuring the Bicentennial the region gained international recognition from the Paris Wine Tasting of 1976 when featured Napa Valley Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon vintages ranked 1 honors scored by renown French oenophiles besting several famous French labels in a blind tasting format The news of the wine competition termed the Judgment of Paris was immediately published by a Time magazine article and later portrayed in the 2008 Hollywood film Bottle Shock The results of the momentous event established Napa s international reputation as a premier wine producing region 20 21 22 A modern outbreak of phylloxera was discovered in the valley in 1983 in a vineyard planted with AxR1 rootstock 23 Many growers seized upon this outbreak as an opportunity to switch to varieties that were better suited to the climate and soil By the late 1990s about 75 of the affected vineyards had been replanted with phylloxera resistant rootstock 24 The growers in the region have since channeled their energy to battle the Glassy winged sharpshooter a non native pest that carries Pierce s disease 25 A trend of larger national and international companies like E amp J Gallo Winery Diageo and Constellation Brands buying smaller wineries vineyards and brands began to gain momentum in the early part of the 21st century 26 Today Napa Valley features more than 450 wineries that grow grape varieties including Cabernet Sauvignon Chardonnay Pinot noir Merlot Zinfandel among others While winemakers may produce wines from specific AVAs within the valley many wines are made as a blend from grapes grown on the valley floor and the surrounding hillsides Enotourism editMore than 4 5 million people visit Napa Valley each year making it a very popular tourist destination in California 27 American Viticultural Areas AVAs of Napa Valley edit nbsp A Cabernet Sauvignon from the Stags Leap District of Napa Valley Within the Napa Valley AVA there are sixteen sub AVAs 1 2 Area Date createdLos Carneros Carneros Aug 18 1983Howell Mountain Dec 30 1983Wild Horse Valley Nov 30 1988Stags Leap Jan 27 1989Mt Veeder Feb 20 1990Atlas Peak Jan 22 1992Spring Mountain May 13 1993Oakville Jul 2 1993Rutherford Jul 2 1993St Helena Sep 11 1995Chiles Valley Feb 17 1999Yountville Mar 19 1999Diamond Mountain Jun 1 2001Oak Knoll Feb 25 2004Calistoga Dec 8 2009Coombsville Dec 14 2011See also editCalifornia wine Coast Ranges California Geography of California Napa Valley Wine Train Sonoma County wine Napa County wineReferences edit a b c Napa Valley Viticultural Area 27 CFR Part 9 TD ATF 79 Re Notice No 3371 Final Rule Federal Register 46 18 Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms Treasury Department 9061 9063 January 28 1981 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b Napa Valley Appellations Napa Valley Vintners Archived from the original on February 25 2021 Retrieved June 6 2022 a b Napa Valley AVA Appellation Profile Appellation America 2007 Archived from the original on October 31 2007 Retrieved October 29 2007 a b Robinson Jancis September 6 2008 California JancisRobinson com Archived from the original Tasting Notes amp Wine Reviews on April 4 2014 Retrieved January 2 2011 A Memorial and Biographical History of Northern California Chicago Lewis Publishing Co 1891 Archived from the original on March 27 2009 Retrieved January 2 2011 a b c d Brennan Nancy November 21 2010 John Patchett Introducing one of Napa s pioneers Napa Valley Register Retrieved January 2 2011 Kilpatrick Kirk June 9 2018 Have Napa Valley s mountains ever peaked your interest Napa Valley Register Retrieved July 21 2021 The Rutherford and Oakville AVAs Early Days Vinous com September 13 2006 Retrieved July 21 2021 Napa Valley Climate Napawunder com Archived from the original on July 21 2021 Retrieved July 21 2021 Gatto Jonathan Kim Byung oh Mahdavi Paasha Hirochika Namekawa Tran Hung 2009 The Future Impact of Climate Change on the California Wine Industry and Actions the State of California Should Take to Address It Clarke Oz Gage Keith Gage Sue 2007 Wine atlas wines and wine regions of the world Rev and updated ed ed London Pavilion ISBN 978 1 86205 782 1 a b Swinchatt Jonathan P Howell David G MacDonald Sarah L June 1 2018 The Scale Dependence of Wine and Terroir Examples from Coastal California and the Napa Valley USA Elements 14 3 179 184 doi 10 2138 gselements 14 3 179 ISSN 1811 5217 Campbell James Breen Paige Scholasch Thibaut Kennedy James Forrestal Elisabeth 2023 Understanding the impact of climate change on Anthocyanin concentrations in Napa Valley Cabernet Sauvignon Rutherford SanFranciscoWineTours com Archived from the original on September 14 2010 Retrieved January 2 2011 In 1846 one of Yount s granddaughters married Thomas Rutherford and Yount gave the newlyweds the very generous gift of about 1 000 acres at the northern edge of Rancho Caymus Following Yount s lead Rutherford planted grapes and began investing in winemaking in Napa By the 1880s the Rutherford area was well established as one of Napa Valley s premium wine districts About the Winery Charles Krug Napa Valley Winery Charles Krug Archived from the original on January 22 2011 Retrieved January 2 2011 The Charles Krug Winery first in the Napa Valley and established in 1861 is owned and operated by the Peter Mondavi Family A Memorial and Biographical History of Northern California Chicago Lewis Publishing Co 1891 Archived from the original on February 28 2017 Retrieved January 2 2011 Burnham Kelsey April 18 2010 Prohibition in Wine Country Napa Valley Register Retrieved April 18 2010 Andre Tchelistcheff 92 Authority on Wine New York Times April 7 1994 Retrieved July 21 2021 Courtney Kevin May 26 2005 New park named for father of wine tourism Napa Valley Register Napa CA Lee Enterprises Archived from the original on August 17 2018 Retrieved August 8 2011 Taber George M June 7 1976 Judgment of Paris Modern Living Time Archived from the original on November 8 2015 Retrieved April 27 2012 Taber George M September 13 2005 The Judgment of Paris California vs France and the Historic 1976 Paris Tasting That Revolutionized Wine Scribner ISBN 978 0 7432 4751 1 Peterson Thane May 8 2001 The Day California Wines Came of Age Business Week Archived from the original Movable Feast on October 18 2007 Retrieved July 19 2006 Prial Frank J May 5 1999 WINE TALK After Phylloxera The First Taste Of a Better Grape The New York Times Retrieved August 3 2021 Napa Valley AVA the in s amp out s wineriesandvineyards com August 9 2017 retrieved August 3 2021 Eberling Barry December 20 2014 Bug wars Napa s fight to keep out glassy winged sharpshooters Napa Valley Register Retrieved August 3 2021 Lutz Henry June 19 2017 Big wine companies are snapping up Napa Valley producers and vineyards Napa Valley Register Napa CA Lee Enterprises Archived from the original on November 11 2020 Retrieved July 5 2017 Community amp Corporate Partnerships Lincoln Theatre Retrieved August 3 2021 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to wbr Vineyards in Napa Valley and wbr Wineries in Napa County California nbsp Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Napa Valley Napa Valley Region Napa Valley Vintners TTB AVA Map38 23 12 N 122 21 00 W 38 3867 N 122 3500 W 38 3867 122 3500 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Napa Valley AVA amp oldid 1200117855, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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