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Black Eye Galaxy

January 15, 2023

The Black Eye Galaxy (also called Sleeping Beauty Galaxy or Evil Eye Galaxy and designated Messier 64, M64, or NGC 4826) is a relatively isolated[7] spiral galaxy 17 million light-years away in the mildly northern constellation of Coma Berenices. It was discovered by Edward Pigott in March 1779, and independently by Johann Elert Bode in April of the same year, as well as by Charles Messier the next year. A dark band of absorbing dust partially in front of its bright nucleus gave rise to its nicknames of the "Black Eye", "Evil Eye", or "Sleeping Beauty" galaxy.[11][12] M64 is well known among amateur astronomers due to its form in small telescopes and visibility across inhabited latitudes.

Messier 64[1]
Image taken by Hubble Space Telescope, March 14, 2020
Observation data (J2000 epoch)
ConstellationComa Berenices[2]
Right ascension12h 56m 43.696s[3]
Declination+21° 40′ 57.57″[3]
Redshift0.001361±0.000013[4]
Helio radial velocity410[5]
Galactocentric velocity400±4[6]
Distance (comoving)17.3 Mly (5.30 Mpc)[5]
Group or clusterCVn I[7]
Apparent magnitude (V)8.52[8]
Apparent magnitude (B)9.36[8]
Characteristics
Type(R)SA(rs)ab,[4] HIISy2
Size16.51 kiloparsecs (53,800 light-years)
(diameter, 25.0 mag/arcsec2 B-band isophote)[9]
Apparent size (V)10.71 × 5.128 arcminute[10]
Other designations
Evil Eye Galaxy, M64, NGC 4826, PGC 44182, UGC 8062[10]

This galaxy is inclined 60° to the line-of-sight and has a position angle of 112°.[7] At the distance of this galaxy, it has a linear scale of 65 ly (20 pc) per arcsecond.[7] The morphological classification in the De Vaucouleurs system is (R)SA(rs)ab,[4] where the '(R)' indicates an outer ring-like structure, 'SA' denotes a non-barred spiral, '(rs)' means a transitional inner ring/spiral structure, and 'ab' says the spiral arms are fairly tightly wound.[13] Ann et al. (2015) gave it a class of SABa,[14] suggesting a weakly barred spiral galaxy with tightly wound arms.

M64 is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy[15] with an HII/LINER nucleus. The central region is a weak source of radio emission.[7] A soft X-ray source has been detected at the nucleus, which is most likely coming from the circumnuclear region rather than directly from an active galactic nucleus.[16] There is an inner disk of molecular gas that is truncated at a radius of 2,300 ly (700 pc). At present, the non-rotational motions of this disk do not significantly feed the core, but the disk does produce a vigorous rate of star formation, with also approximately 100 billion stars inside the galaxy.[11] There is also evidence of a recent large inflow of mass.[17]

The interstellar medium of Messier 64 consists of two counter-rotating disks that are approximately equal in mass.[18] The inner disk contains the prominent dust lanes of the galaxy. The stellar population of the galaxy exhibits no measurable counter-rotation.[19] Possible formation scenarios include a merger with a gas-rich satellite galaxy in a retrograde orbit, or the continued accretion of gas clouds from the intergalactic medium.[18][19] It has a diameter of 16.51 kiloparsecs (53,800 light-years).[9]

Wide field view (0.8m Schulman Telescope)

See also

References

  1. ^ Tonry, J. L.; et al. (2001), "The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances. IV. SBF Magnitudes, Colors, and Distances", Astrophysical Journal, 546 (2): 681–693, arXiv:astro-ph/0011223, Bibcode:2001ApJ...546..681T, doi:10.1086/318301, S2CID 17628238.
  2. ^ Dreyer, J. L. E. (1988), Sinnott, R. W. (ed.), The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters, Sky Publishing Corporation/Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-933346-51-2.
  3. ^ a b Skrutskie, Michael F.; Cutri, Roc M.; Stiening, Rae; Weinberg, Martin D.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Carpenter, John M.; Beichman, Charles A.; Capps, Richard W.; Chester, Thomas; Elias, Jonathan H.; Huchra, John P.; Liebert, James W.; Lonsdale, Carol J.; Monet, David G.; Price, Stephan; Seitzer, Patrick; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Fullmer, Linda; Hurt, Robert L.; Light, Robert M.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Tam, Robert; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Wheelock, Sherry L. (1 February 2006). "The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS)". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (2): 1163–1183. Bibcode:2006AJ....131.1163S. doi:10.1086/498708. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 18913331.
  4. ^ a b c de Vaucouleurs, G.; et al. (1991), Third reference catalogue of bright galaxies, 9, New York: Springer-Verlag.
  5. ^ a b Tully, R. Brent; et al. (August 2016), "Cosmicflows-3", The Astronomical Journal, 152 (2): 21, arXiv:1605.01765, Bibcode:2016AJ....152...50T, doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/50, S2CID 250737862, 50.
  6. ^ "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database", Results for NGC 4826, retrieved 2018-12-13.
  7. ^ a b c d e Israel, F. P. (January 2009), "CI and CO in nearby galaxy centers. The bright galaxies NGC 1068 (M 77), NGC 2146, NGC 3079, NGC 4826 (M 64), and NGC 7469", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 493 (2): 525–538, arXiv:0811.4058, Bibcode:2009A&A...493..525I, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810655, S2CID 15642005.
  8. ^ a b Gil de Paz, Armando; et al. (2007), "The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies", Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 173 (2): 185–255, arXiv:astro-ph/0606440, Bibcode:2007ApJS..173..185G, doi:10.1086/516636, S2CID 119085482.
  9. ^ a b "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu.
  10. ^ a b "M 64". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 2018-12-13.
  11. ^ a b "Messier 64 - M64 - Black Eye Galaxy (Spiral Galaxy) | freestarcharts.com". freestarcharts.com. Retrieved 2020-06-07.
  12. ^ Rubin, Vera C. (January 1994). "Kinematics of NGC 4826: A sleeping beauty galaxy, not an evil eye". The Astronomical Journal. 107: 173. Bibcode:1994AJ....107..173R. doi:10.1086/116842. ISSN 0004-6256.
  13. ^ de Vaucouleurs, Gérard (April 1963), "Revised Classification of 1500 Bright Galaxies", Astrophysical Journal Supplement, 8: 31, Bibcode:1963ApJS....8...31D, doi:10.1086/190084.
  14. ^ Ann, H. B.; et al. (2015), "A Catalog of Visually Classified Galaxies in the Local (z ∼ 0.01) Universe", The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, 217 (2): 27–49, arXiv:1502.03545, Bibcode:2015ApJS..217...27A, doi:10.1088/0067-0049/217/2/27, S2CID 119253507.
  15. ^ Malkan, Matthew A.; et al. (September 2017), "Emission Line Properties of Seyfert Galaxies in the 12 μm Sample", The Astrophysical Journal, 846 (2): 26, arXiv:1708.08563, Bibcode:2017ApJ...846..102M, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8302, S2CID 119243981, 102.
  16. ^ Grier, C. J.; Mathur, S.; Ghosh, H.; Ferrarese, L. (April 2011), "Discovery of Nuclear X-ray Sources in Sings Galaxies", The Astrophysical Journal, 731 (1): 13, arXiv:1011.4295, Bibcode:2011ApJ...731...60G, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/731/1/60, S2CID 119216874, 60.
  17. ^ García-Burillo, S.; et al. (August 2003), "Molecular Gas in NUclei of GAlaxies (NUGA). I. The counter-rotating LINER NGC 4826", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 407 (2): 485–502, arXiv:astro-ph/0306140, Bibcode:2003A&A...407..485G, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030866, S2CID 12970840.
  18. ^ a b Brawn, R.; Walterbos, R. A. M.; Kennicutt, Robert C., Jr. (1992). "Counter-rotating gaseous disks in the "Evil Eye" galaxy NGC4826". Nature. 360 (6403): 442. Bibcode:1992Natur.360..442B. doi:10.1038/360442a0. S2CID 4337110.
  19. ^ a b Rix, Hans-Walter R.; Kennicutt, Robert C. Jr.; Walterbos, Rene A. M. (1995). "Placid stars and excited gas in NGC 4826". Astrophysical Journal. 438: 155. Bibcode:1995ApJ...438..155R. doi:10.1086/175061.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Black Eye Galaxy.
  • Messier 64, SEDS Messier pages
  • NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: M64: The Black Eye Galaxy (2 August 2007)
  • The Black Eye Galaxy on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images
  • a real photo by Pete Albrecht 2011-07-15 at the Wayback Machine
  • Black Eye Galaxy (M64) at Constellation Guide

January 15, 2023
black, galaxy, also, called, sleeping, beauty, galaxy, evil, galaxy, designated, messier, 4826, relatively, isolated, spiral, galaxy, million, light, years, away, mildly, northern, constellation, coma, berenices, discovered, edward, pigott, march, 1779, indepe. The Black Eye Galaxy also called Sleeping Beauty Galaxy or Evil Eye Galaxy and designated Messier 64 M64 or NGC 4826 is a relatively isolated 7 spiral galaxy 17 million light years away in the mildly northern constellation of Coma Berenices It was discovered by Edward Pigott in March 1779 and independently by Johann Elert Bode in April of the same year as well as by Charles Messier the next year A dark band of absorbing dust partially in front of its bright nucleus gave rise to its nicknames of the Black Eye Evil Eye or Sleeping Beauty galaxy 11 12 M64 is well known among amateur astronomers due to its form in small telescopes and visibility across inhabited latitudes Messier 64 1 Image taken by Hubble Space Telescope March 14 2020Observation data J2000 epoch ConstellationComa Berenices 2 Right ascension12h 56m 43 696s 3 Declination 21 40 57 57 3 Redshift0 001361 0 000013 4 Helio radial velocity410 5 Galactocentric velocity400 4 6 Distance comoving 17 3 Mly 5 30 Mpc 5 Group or clusterCVn I 7 Apparent magnitude V 8 52 8 Apparent magnitude B 9 36 8 CharacteristicsType R SA rs ab 4 HIISy2Size16 51 kiloparsecs 53 800 light years diameter 25 0 mag arcsec2 B band isophote 9 Apparent size V 10 71 5 128 arcminute 10 Other designationsEvil Eye Galaxy M64 NGC 4826 PGC 44182 UGC 8062 10 This galaxy is inclined 60 to the line of sight and has a position angle of 112 7 At the distance of this galaxy it has a linear scale of 65 ly 20 pc per arcsecond 7 The morphological classification in the De Vaucouleurs system is R SA rs ab 4 where the R indicates an outer ring like structure SA denotes a non barred spiral rs means a transitional inner ring spiral structure and ab says the spiral arms are fairly tightly wound 13 Ann et al 2015 gave it a class of SABa 14 suggesting a weakly barred spiral galaxy with tightly wound arms M64 is a type 2 Seyfert galaxy 15 with an HII LINER nucleus The central region is a weak source of radio emission 7 A soft X ray source has been detected at the nucleus which is most likely coming from the circumnuclear region rather than directly from an active galactic nucleus 16 There is an inner disk of molecular gas that is truncated at a radius of 2 300 ly 700 pc At present the non rotational motions of this disk do not significantly feed the core but the disk does produce a vigorous rate of star formation with also approximately 100 billion stars inside the galaxy 11 There is also evidence of a recent large inflow of mass 17 The interstellar medium of Messier 64 consists of two counter rotating disks that are approximately equal in mass 18 The inner disk contains the prominent dust lanes of the galaxy The stellar population of the galaxy exhibits no measurable counter rotation 19 Possible formation scenarios include a merger with a gas rich satellite galaxy in a retrograde orbit or the continued accretion of gas clouds from the intergalactic medium 18 19 It has a diameter of 16 51 kiloparsecs 53 800 light years 9 Wide field view 0 8m Schulman Telescope See also EditList of Messier objects NGC 4622 A galaxy with leading spiral arms References Edit Tonry J L et al 2001 The SBF Survey of Galaxy Distances IV SBF Magnitudes Colors and Distances Astrophysical Journal 546 2 681 693 arXiv astro ph 0011223 Bibcode 2001ApJ 546 681T doi 10 1086 318301 S2CID 17628238 Dreyer J L E 1988 Sinnott R W ed The Complete New General Catalogue and Index Catalogue of Nebulae and Star Clusters Sky Publishing Corporation Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 933346 51 2 a b Skrutskie Michael F Cutri Roc M Stiening Rae Weinberg Martin D Schneider Stephen E Carpenter John M Beichman Charles A Capps Richard W Chester Thomas Elias Jonathan H Huchra John P Liebert James W Lonsdale Carol J Monet David G Price Stephan Seitzer Patrick Jarrett Thomas H Kirkpatrick J Davy Gizis John E Howard Elizabeth V Evans Tracey E Fowler John W Fullmer Linda Hurt Robert L Light Robert M Kopan Eugene L Marsh Kenneth A McCallon Howard L Tam Robert Van Dyk Schuyler D Wheelock Sherry L 1 February 2006 The Two Micron All Sky Survey 2MASS The Astronomical Journal 131 2 1163 1183 Bibcode 2006AJ 131 1163S doi 10 1086 498708 ISSN 0004 6256 S2CID 18913331 a b c de Vaucouleurs G et al 1991 Third reference catalogue of bright galaxies 9 New York Springer Verlag a b Tully R Brent et al August 2016 Cosmicflows 3 The Astronomical Journal 152 2 21 arXiv 1605 01765 Bibcode 2016AJ 152 50T doi 10 3847 0004 6256 152 2 50 S2CID 250737862 50 NASA IPAC Extragalactic Database Results for NGC 4826 retrieved 2018 12 13 a b c d e Israel F P January 2009 CI and CO in nearby galaxy centers The bright galaxies NGC 1068 M 77 NGC 2146 NGC 3079 NGC 4826 M 64 and NGC 7469 Astronomy and Astrophysics 493 2 525 538 arXiv 0811 4058 Bibcode 2009A amp A 493 525I doi 10 1051 0004 6361 200810655 S2CID 15642005 a b Gil de Paz Armando et al 2007 The GALEX Ultraviolet Atlas of Nearby Galaxies Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 173 2 185 255 arXiv astro ph 0606440 Bibcode 2007ApJS 173 185G doi 10 1086 516636 S2CID 119085482 a b Your NED Search Results ned ipac caltech edu a b M 64 SIMBAD Centre de donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg Retrieved 2018 12 13 a b Messier 64 M64 Black Eye Galaxy Spiral Galaxy freestarcharts com freestarcharts com Retrieved 2020 06 07 Rubin Vera C January 1994 Kinematics of NGC 4826 A sleeping beauty galaxy not an evil eye The Astronomical Journal 107 173 Bibcode 1994AJ 107 173R doi 10 1086 116842 ISSN 0004 6256 de Vaucouleurs Gerard April 1963 Revised Classification of 1500 Bright Galaxies Astrophysical Journal Supplement 8 31 Bibcode 1963ApJS 8 31D doi 10 1086 190084 Ann H B et al 2015 A Catalog of Visually Classified Galaxies in the Local z 0 01 Universe The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 217 2 27 49 arXiv 1502 03545 Bibcode 2015ApJS 217 27A doi 10 1088 0067 0049 217 2 27 S2CID 119253507 Malkan Matthew A et al September 2017 Emission Line Properties of Seyfert Galaxies in the 12 mm Sample The Astrophysical Journal 846 2 26 arXiv 1708 08563 Bibcode 2017ApJ 846 102M doi 10 3847 1538 4357 aa8302 S2CID 119243981 102 Grier C J Mathur S Ghosh H Ferrarese L April 2011 Discovery of Nuclear X ray Sources in Sings Galaxies The Astrophysical Journal 731 1 13 arXiv 1011 4295 Bibcode 2011ApJ 731 60G doi 10 1088 0004 637X 731 1 60 S2CID 119216874 60 Garcia Burillo S et al August 2003 Molecular Gas in NUclei of GAlaxies NUGA I The counter rotating LINER NGC 4826 Astronomy and Astrophysics 407 2 485 502 arXiv astro ph 0306140 Bibcode 2003A amp A 407 485G doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20030866 S2CID 12970840 a b Brawn R Walterbos R A M Kennicutt Robert C Jr 1992 Counter rotating gaseous disks in the Evil Eye galaxy NGC4826 Nature 360 6403 442 Bibcode 1992Natur 360 442B doi 10 1038 360442a0 S2CID 4337110 a b Rix Hans Walter R Kennicutt Robert C Jr Walterbos Rene A M 1995 Placid stars and excited gas in NGC 4826 Astrophysical Journal 438 155 Bibcode 1995ApJ 438 155R doi 10 1086 175061 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Black Eye Galaxy Messier 64 SEDS Messier pages ESA Hubble images of M64 NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day M64 The Black Eye Galaxy 2 August 2007 The Black Eye Galaxy on WikiSky DSS2 SDSS GALEX IRAS Hydrogen a X Ray Astrophoto Sky Map Articles and images a real photo by Pete Albrecht Archived 2011 07 15 at the Wayback Machine Black Eye Galaxy M64 at Constellation Guide Portals Astronomy Stars Outer space Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Black Eye Galaxy amp oldid 1114046906, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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