fbpx
Wikipedia

Zoltán Kodály

January 22, 2023

For the town in India, see Kodaly, Thrissur.
The native form of this personal name is Kodály Zoltán. This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals.

Zoltán Kodály (UK: /ˈkoʊdaɪ/, US: /koʊˈdaɪ/;[1][2] Hungarian: Kodály Zoltán, pronounced [ˈkodaːj ˈzoltaːn]; 16 December 1882 – 6 March 1967) was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher. He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodály method of music education.

Zoltán Kodály in the 1930s

Life

Born in Kecskemét, Hungary, Kodály learned to play the violin as a child. In 1900, he entered the Department of Languages at the University of Budapest and at the same time Hans von Kössler's composition class at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music. After completing his studies, he studied in Paris with Charles Widor for a year.[3]

In 1905 he visited remote villages to collect songs, recording them on phonograph cylinders. In 1906 he wrote a thesis on Hungarian folk song, "Strophic Construction in Hungarian Folksong". At around this time Kodály met fellow composer and compatriot Béla Bartók, whom he took under his wing and introduced to some of the methods involved in folk song collecting. The two became lifelong friends and champions of each other's music.

 
Statue of Kodály at Szent István square in Pécs, Hungary
 
Duo for violin and cello (Op. 7, 1914)
Performed by members of the U.S. Army Band Strings
Problems playing this file? See media help.

All these works[clarification needed] show great originality of form and content, a very interesting blend of highly sophisticated mastery of the western European style of music,[citation needed] including classical, late-romantic, impressionistic and modernist traditions, and on the other hand a profound knowledge and respect for the folk music of Hungary (including the Hungarian-inhabited areas of modern-day Slovakia and Romania, as those territories were part of Hungary). Partly because of the Great War and subsequent major geopolitical changes in the region, and partly because of a naturally rather diffident temperament in youth, Kodály had no major public success until 1923. This was the year when one of his best-known pieces, Psalmus Hungaricus, was given its first performance at a concert to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the union of Buda and Pest (Bartók's Dance Suite premiered on the same occasion.)

Kodály's first wife was Emma Gruber (née Schlesinger, later Sándor), the dedicatee of Ernő Dohnányi's Waltz for piano with four hands, Op. 3, and Variations and Fugue on a theme by E.G., Op. 4 (1897).[4] In November 1958, after 48 years of marriage, Kodály's first wife Emma died. In December 1959, Kodály married Sarolta Péczely, his 19-year-old student at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music with whom he lived happily until his death in 1967 at the age of 84 in Budapest.[5]

In 1966, Kodály toured the United States and gave a special lecture at Stanford University, where some of his music was performed in his presence.[6]

Kodály methodology of musical education

Main article: Kodály method

Throughout his adult life, Kodály was very interested in the problems of many types of music education, and he wrote a large amount of material on teaching methods as well as composing plenty of music intended for children's use. Beginning in 1935, along with his colleague Jenő Ádám (14 years his junior), he embarked on a long-term project to reform music teaching in Hungary's lower and middle schools. His work resulted in the publication of several highly influential books.

The Hungarian music education program that developed in the 1940s became the basis for the Kodály Method. Although Kodály himself did not write down a comprehensive method, he did establish a set of principles to follow in music education, and these principles were widely taken up by pedagogues (above all in Hungary, but also in many other countries) after World War II. His practices also have evolved Kodály hand signs.

In the motion picture Close Encounters of the Third Kind, a visual learning aid distributed to members of a conference of ufologists was named the Kodály Method and referenced musical notes as hand signals.

Legacy and memorials

 
Commemorative plaque in Andrássy Avenue, Budapest

The city of Pécs commissioned a full-length bronze statue, located in Szent István square, in his honour in 1976. According to the wishes of the sculptor, the work stands with its back to the Cathedral and facing a former playground, so that it was facing children, whose musical education was the most important thing in Kodály's life. He is depicted as a fragile old man, who walks almost imperceptibly among the horse-chestnut trees.[7]

At one point during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the Workers Councils decide they should form the government with Kodály as president "because of his great national and international reputation."[8]

Selected works

See also: Category:Compositions by Zoltán Kodály
Stage works
Orchestral
  • Idyll Summer Evening (1906, revised 1929)
  • Háry János Suite (1926)
  • Dances of Marosszék (1929; orchestration of the 1927 piano set)
  • Theatre Overture (1931) (originally intended for Háry János)
  • Dances of Galánta (1933)
  • Variations on a Hungarian folk song (Fölszállott a páva, or The Peacock Roared, 1939)
  • Concerto for Orchestra (1940)
  • Symphony in memoriam Toscanini (1961)
Chamber or instrumental
  • Adagio for Violin (or Viola or Cello) and Piano (1905)
  • Intermezzo for String Trio (1905)
  • Seven Pieces for Piano, Op. 11 (1918)
  • String Quartet No. 1 in C minor, Op. 2 (1909)
  • Cello Sonata, Op. 4 (1910)
  • Duo for Violin and Cello, Op. 7 (1914)
  • Sonata for Solo Cello, Op. 8 (1915)
  • String Quartet No. 2, Op. 10 (1916–1918)
  • Szerenád (Serenade) for 2 Violins and Viola, Op. 12 (1920)
  • Marosszéki táncok (Dances of Marosszék, piano, 1927)
  • Organ Prelude Pange lingua (1931)
  • Organoeida ad missam lectam (Csendes mise, organ, 1944)
  • Epigrammak (1954)
Choral
  • Este (Evening) (1904)
  • Psalmus Hungaricus, Op. 13 (1923)
  • Mátrai képek (Mátra Pictures) for choir a cappella (1931)
  • Jézus és a kufárok (Jesus and the Traders) for choir a cap (1934)
  • Ének Szent István királyhoz (Hymn to St Stephen) (1938)
  • Te Deum for Buda Castle (1936)
  • Te Deum of Sándor Sík for choir a cappella (1961)
  • Missa brevis for choir and Organ (1942, orchestrated 1948)
  • Laudes organi for choir and Organ (1966)
  • Adventi ének (Veni, veni, Emmanuel) for choir a cappella
Organ
  • Introitus - Kyrie
  • Gloria
  • Credo
  • Sanctus
  • Benedictus
  • Agnus Dei
  • Ite missa est
  • 114. Genfi zsoltár
  • Pangue lingua
  • Laudes Organi

See also

  • Solfège, a music education method used to teach pitch and sight singing

References

  1. ^ Wells, John C. (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
  2. ^ Jones, Daniel (2011). Roach, Peter; Setter, Jane; Esling, John (eds.). Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-15255-6.
  3. ^ "Zoltán Kodály (Composer, Arranger)". Retrieved July 22, 2022.
  4. ^ Ilona von Dohnányi; James A. Grymes (12 July 2002). Ernst von Dohnányi: A Song of Life. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0253109286.
  5. ^ David Mason Greene (2007). Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers. The Reproducing Piano Roll Foundation. pp. 1122–1123. ISBN 978-0-385-14278-6.
  6. ^ "Kodály Center for Music Education :: The Kodály Philosophy".
  7. ^ "Kodály Statue – Pécs". www.iranypecs.hu. Retrieved 14 July 2018.
  8. ^ James, C.L.R. (1974). Facing Reality. Bewick/ed. p. 12. ISBN 0935590056.

Further reading

  • Breuer, János (1990) A Guide to Kodály. Budapest: Corvina Books
  • Eösze, László, Micheál Houlahan, and Philip Tacka), "Zoltán Kodály (1882–1967)". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Volume 13. Ed. Stanley Sadie. London: Macmillan Publishers, 2002. pp. 716–26
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály Today: A Cognitive Approach to Elementary Music Education. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008, 2015), 644p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Kindergarten: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 576p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the First Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 264p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Second Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 296p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Third Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 328p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Fourth Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 344p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka Kodály in the Fifth Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty-First Century. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2015). 376p.
  • Houlahan, M & Philip Tacka From Sound to Symbol: Fundamentals of Music. Second edition including an audio CD and interactive Skill Development DVD and web-based supplementary materials for eleven chapters. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009, 2011), 489p.
  • Folk Music of Hungary, New York: Praeger, 1971
  • Lendvai, Ernő (1983) The Workshop of Bartók and Kodály. Budapest: Editio Musica Budapest

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zoltán Kodály.
  • The American Folk Song Collection – The Kodály Center at Holy Names University
  • The Kodály Institute, which educates musicians according to Kodály's practice
  • International Kodály Society
  • The Organization of American Kodály Educators
  • The Kodály Music Education Institute of Australia
  • The British Kodály Academy (Registered Charity)
  • Zoltán Kodály at Find a Grave

January 22, 2023
zoltán, kodály, town, india, kodaly, thrissur, native, form, this, personal, name, kodály, zoltán, this, article, uses, western, name, order, when, mentioning, individuals, hungarian, kodály, zoltán, pronounced, ˈkodaːj, ˈzoltaːn, december, 1882, march, 1967, . For the town in India see Kodaly Thrissur The native form of this personal name is Kodaly Zoltan This article uses Western name order when mentioning individuals Zoltan Kodaly UK ˈ k oʊ d aɪ US k oʊ ˈ d aɪ 1 2 Hungarian Kodaly Zoltan pronounced ˈkodaːj ˈzoltaːn 16 December 1882 6 March 1967 was a Hungarian composer ethnomusicologist pedagogue linguist and philosopher He is well known internationally as the creator of the Kodaly method of music education Zoltan Kodaly in the 1930s Contents 1 Life 2 Kodaly methodology of musical education 3 Legacy and memorials 4 Selected works 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksLife EditBorn in Kecskemet Hungary Kodaly learned to play the violin as a child In 1900 he entered the Department of Languages at the University of Budapest and at the same time Hans von Kossler s composition class at the Royal Hungarian Academy of Music After completing his studies he studied in Paris with Charles Widor for a year 3 In 1905 he visited remote villages to collect songs recording them on phonograph cylinders In 1906 he wrote a thesis on Hungarian folk song Strophic Construction in Hungarian Folksong At around this time Kodaly met fellow composer and compatriot Bela Bartok whom he took under his wing and introduced to some of the methods involved in folk song collecting The two became lifelong friends and champions of each other s music Statue of Kodaly at Szent Istvan square in Pecs Hungary Duo for violin and cello Op 7 1914 source source Performed by members of the U S Army Band Strings Problems playing this file See media help All these works clarification needed show great originality of form and content a very interesting blend of highly sophisticated mastery of the western European style of music citation needed including classical late romantic impressionistic and modernist traditions and on the other hand a profound knowledge and respect for the folk music of Hungary including the Hungarian inhabited areas of modern day Slovakia and Romania as those territories were part of Hungary Partly because of the Great War and subsequent major geopolitical changes in the region and partly because of a naturally rather diffident temperament in youth Kodaly had no major public success until 1923 This was the year when one of his best known pieces Psalmus Hungaricus was given its first performance at a concert to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary of the union of Buda and Pest Bartok s Dance Suite premiered on the same occasion Kodaly s first wife was Emma Gruber nee Schlesinger later Sandor the dedicatee of Erno Dohnanyi s Waltz for piano with four hands Op 3 and Variations and Fugue on a theme by E G Op 4 1897 4 In November 1958 after 48 years of marriage Kodaly s first wife Emma died In December 1959 Kodaly married Sarolta Peczely his 19 year old student at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music with whom he lived happily until his death in 1967 at the age of 84 in Budapest 5 In 1966 Kodaly toured the United States and gave a special lecture at Stanford University where some of his music was performed in his presence 6 Kodaly methodology of musical education EditMain article Kodaly method This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed December 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Throughout his adult life Kodaly was very interested in the problems of many types of music education and he wrote a large amount of material on teaching methods as well as composing plenty of music intended for children s use Beginning in 1935 along with his colleague Jeno Adam 14 years his junior he embarked on a long term project to reform music teaching in Hungary s lower and middle schools His work resulted in the publication of several highly influential books The Hungarian music education program that developed in the 1940s became the basis for the Kodaly Method Although Kodaly himself did not write down a comprehensive method he did establish a set of principles to follow in music education and these principles were widely taken up by pedagogues above all in Hungary but also in many other countries after World War II His practices also have evolved Kodaly hand signs In the motion picture Close Encounters of the Third Kind a visual learning aid distributed to members of a conference of ufologists was named the Kodaly Method and referenced musical notes as hand signals Legacy and memorials Edit Commemorative plaque in Andrassy Avenue Budapest The city of Pecs commissioned a full length bronze statue located in Szent Istvan square in his honour in 1976 According to the wishes of the sculptor the work stands with its back to the Cathedral and facing a former playground so that it was facing children whose musical education was the most important thing in Kodaly s life He is depicted as a fragile old man who walks almost imperceptibly among the horse chestnut trees 7 At one point during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 the Workers Councils decide they should form the government with Kodaly as president because of his great national and international reputation 8 Selected works EditSee also Category Compositions by Zoltan Kodaly Stage worksHary Janos Op 15 1926 Szekelyfono The Spinning Room 1924 1932 OrchestralIdyll Summer Evening 1906 revised 1929 Hary Janos Suite 1926 Dances of Marosszek 1929 orchestration of the 1927 piano set Theatre Overture 1931 originally intended for Hary Janos Dances of Galanta 1933 Variations on a Hungarian folk song Folszallott a pava or The Peacock Roared 1939 Concerto for Orchestra 1940 Symphony in memoriam Toscanini 1961 Chamber or instrumentalAdagio for Violin or Viola or Cello and Piano 1905 Intermezzo for String Trio 1905 Seven Pieces for Piano Op 11 1918 String Quartet No 1 in C minor Op 2 1909 Cello Sonata Op 4 1910 Duo for Violin and Cello Op 7 1914 Sonata for Solo Cello Op 8 1915 String Quartet No 2 Op 10 1916 1918 Szerenad Serenade for 2 Violins and Viola Op 12 1920 Marosszeki tancok Dances of Marosszek piano 1927 Organ Prelude Pange lingua 1931 Organoeida ad missam lectam Csendes mise organ 1944 Epigrammak 1954 ChoralEste Evening 1904 Psalmus Hungaricus Op 13 1923 Matrai kepek Matra Pictures for choir a cappella 1931 Jezus es a kufarok Jesus and the Traders for choir a cap 1934 Enek Szent Istvan kiralyhoz Hymn to St Stephen 1938 Te Deum for Buda Castle 1936 Te Deum of Sandor Sik for choir a cappella 1961 Missa brevis for choir and Organ 1942 orchestrated 1948 Laudes organi for choir and Organ 1966 Adventi enek Veni veni Emmanuel for choir a cappellaOrganIntroitus Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus Benedictus Agnus Dei Ite missa est 114 Genfi zsoltar Pangue lingua Laudes OrganiSee also EditSolfege a music education method used to teach pitch and sight singingReferences Edit Wells John C 2008 Longman Pronunciation Dictionary 3rd ed Longman ISBN 978 1 4058 8118 0 Jones Daniel 2011 Roach Peter Setter Jane Esling John eds Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary 18th ed Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 15255 6 Zoltan Kodaly Composer Arranger Retrieved July 22 2022 Ilona von Dohnanyi James A Grymes 12 July 2002 Ernst von Dohnanyi A Song of Life Indiana University Press ISBN 978 0253109286 David Mason Greene 2007 Greene s Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers The Reproducing Piano Roll Foundation pp 1122 1123 ISBN 978 0 385 14278 6 Kodaly Center for Music Education The Kodaly Philosophy Kodaly Statue Pecs www iranypecs hu Retrieved 14 July 2018 James C L R 1974 Facing Reality Bewick ed p 12 ISBN 0935590056 Further reading EditBreuer Janos 1990 A Guide to Kodaly Budapest Corvina Books Eosze Laszlo Micheal Houlahan and Philip Tacka Zoltan Kodaly 1882 1967 The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians Volume 13 Ed Stanley Sadie London Macmillan Publishers 2002 pp 716 26 Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly Today A Cognitive Approach to Elementary Music Education New York Oxford University Press 2008 2015 644p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly in the Kindergarten Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty First Century New York Oxford University Press 2015 576p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly in the First Grade Classroom Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty First Century New York Oxford University Press 2015 264p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly in the Second Grade Classroom Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty First Century New York Oxford University Press 2015 296p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly in the Third Grade Classroom Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty First Century New York Oxford University Press 2015 328p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly in the Fourth Grade Classroom Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty First Century New York Oxford University Press 2015 344p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka Kodaly in the Fifth Grade Classroom Developing the Creative Brain in the Twenty First Century New York Oxford University Press 2015 376p Houlahan M amp Philip Tacka From Sound to Symbol Fundamentals of Music Second edition including an audio CD and interactive Skill Development DVD and web based supplementary materials for eleven chapters New York Oxford University Press 2009 2011 489p Folk Music of Hungary New York Praeger 1971 Lendvai Erno 1983 The Workshop of Bartok and Kodaly Budapest Editio Musica BudapestExternal links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zoltan Kodaly The American Folk Song Collection The Kodaly Center at Holy Names University The Kodaly Institute which educates musicians according to Kodaly s practice International Kodaly Society The Organization of American Kodaly Educators The Kodaly Music Education Institute of Australia The British Kodaly Academy Registered Charity Zoltan Kodaly at Find a Grave Portals Classical music Opera Biography Music Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zoltan Kodaly amp oldid 1133194182, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.