Zheleznovodsk
Zheleznovodsk (Russian: Железново́дск) is a town in Stavropol Krai, Russia. Population: 24,433 (2010 Census);[3] 25,135 (2002 Census);[8] 28,460 (1989 Census).[9]
Zheleznovodsk Железноводск | |
|---|---|
Flag Coat of arms | |
Zheleznovodsk Location of Zheleznovodsk Zheleznovodsk Zheleznovodsk (Stavropol Krai) | |
| Coordinates: 44°08′22″N 43°01′01″E / 44.13944°N 43.01694°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Stavropol Krai[1] |
| Founded | 1810 |
| Town status since | 1917 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 93.13 km2 (35.96 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 600 m (2,000 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 24,433 |
| • Estimate (2018)[4] | 24,912 (+2%) |
| • Density | 260/km2 (680/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | town of krai significance of Zheleznovodsk[1] |
| • Capital of | town of krai significance of Zheleznovodsk[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Zheleznovodsk Urban Okrug[5] |
| • Capital of | Zheleznovodsk Urban Okrug[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 357400, 357401, 357408, 357411, 357413, 357415, 357419 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 87932 |
| OKTMO ID | 07712000001 |
| Website | adm-zheleznovodsk |
Etymology edit
The name of the town literally means iron-water-place, as the mineral waters springing from the earth in Zheleznovodsk were believed to have high content of iron.
Geography edit
Zheleznovodsk is situated in the saddle between Mounts Beshtau and Zheleznaya, in what the locals refer to as aerodynamic tube, which attracts strong winds in the winter.
History edit
During World War II, the town was occupied by the German Army from 10 August 1942 until 12 January 1943.
Zheleznovodsk was the place of signing the Zheleznovodsk Communiqué by Boris Yeltsin, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Ayaz Mutallibov, Levon Ter-Petrosyan on September 23, 1991.
On June 19, 2008, a 365-kilogram brass statue of an enema was unveiled in front of the "Mashuk" spa. It is the only known monument to the enema.[10]
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with the settlement of Inozemtsevo, incorporated as the town of krai significance of Zheleznovodsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the town of krai significance of Zheleznovodsk is incorporated as Zheleznovodsk Urban Okrug.[5]
Economy edit
Zheleznovodsk, along with Pyatigorsk, Yessentuki, Kislovodsk, and Mineralnye Vody, is a part of the Caucasus Mineral Waters, a renowned Russian spa resort. The town economy revolves around sanatoria, where dozens of thousands of people from all over Russia and former Soviet republics come year-around to vacation and rest, as well as prevent and treat stomach, kidney, and liver diseases. Dozens of spas operate in Russia's Caucasus Mountains region, exploiting the mineral springs in the area; colonic treatment is a specialty.
Miscellaneous edit
Over the past several years, Zheleznovodsk was the site of the International Hot Air Balloon Festival.
Notable people edit
- In 1841, Mikhail Lermontov, famous Russian poet, spent the last day of his life in Zheleznovodsk, from where he departed to his fatal duel on the slopes of Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk.
- Native Julia Sakharova won the top prize in the International Competition for Music of Eastern and Central Europe, at the age of fifteen.[11]
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d e Resolution #63-p
- ^ Управление Росреестра по Ставропольскому краю. Доклад о состоянии и использовании земель Ставропольского края в 2010 году[permanent dead link], p. 54 (in Russian)
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c Law #88-kz
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Monument to Enemas". Places. Atlas Obscura. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
- ^ "Ted Kendall talks to young violinist Julia Sakharova", Music and Vision Daily, March 17, 2006, retrieved March 14, 2008
Sources edit
- Правительство Ставропольского края. Постановление №63-п от 4 мая 2006 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края», в ред. Постановления №75-п от 5 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в пункт 47 Раздела II Реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края, утверждённый Постановлением Правительства Ставропольского края от 04 мая 2006 г. №63-п». Вступил в силу с 4 мая 2006 г.. Опубликован: "Сборник законов и других правовых актов Ставропольского края", №17, ст. 5609, 10 июля 2006 г. (Government of Stavropol Krai. Resolution #63-p of May 4, 2006 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Resolution #75-p of March 5, 2015 On Amending Item 47 of Section II of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai Adopted by Resolution #63-p of the Government of Stavropol Krai of May 4, 2006. Effective as of May 4, 2006.).
- Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. Закон №88-кз от 4 октября 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований Ставропольского края статусом городского, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №51-кз от 28 мая 2015 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований, входящих в состав Минераловодского муниципального района Ставропольского края (Минераловодского территориального муниципального образования Ставропольского края), и об организации местного самоуправления на территории Минераловодского района Ставропольского края». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ставропольская правда", №216, 6 октября 2004 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. Law #88-kz of October 4, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District to the Municipal Formations of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #51-kz of May 28, 2015 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations Within Mineralovodsky Municipal District of Stavropol Krai (Mineralovodskoye Territorial Municipal Formation of Stavropol Krai), and on the Organization of the Local Self-Government on the Territory of Mineralovodsky District of Stavropol Krai. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links edit
Media related to Zheleznovodsk at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website of Zheleznovodsk (in Russian)
- Zheleznovodsk Business Directory (in Russian)