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Zangilan

January 01, 1970

For the nearby village with this name, see Zangilan (village).
"Zangelan" redirects here. For places in Iran, see Zangelan, Iran.

Zangilan[a] (Azerbaijani: Zəngilan, pronounced [zænɟiˈlɑn] ⓘ; Armenian: Կովսական, romanized: Kovsakan) is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Zangilan District. It is situated along the Voghji (Okhchuchay) river.

Zangilan
Zəngilan
From top left:
Zangilan
Zangilan
Coordinates: 39°05′14.0″N 46°39′04.3″E / 39.087222°N 46.651194°E / 39.087222; 46.651194
Country Azerbaijan
DistrictZangilan
Population
 (2015)[1]
 • Total500
Time zoneUTC+4 (UTC)

Etymology edit

According to the Armenian historian Hovhannes Gharagyozian, the town's historical name of Pirchivan, which it held until 1957 when it was renamed to Zangilan, originates from the settlement of Ashtarak mentioned by Stepanos Orbelian in his list of villages in the Kovsakan county of Syunik. The word ‘Ashtarak’ is seen as a synonym for ‘burj’ (tower/fortress) in the Armenian language. The name of the settlement next to the fortress comes from the joining of the words “Burj” + the Armenian suffix “-avan” (settlement). Thus creating “Burgi avan>Burjevan>Brjevan,” which was transformed into Pirchivan under Turkic phonetic influence.[2]

History edit

Soviet-Armenian historian Suren Yeremian states that the area of present-day Zangilan was part of the Kovsakan gavar (county) of the Syunik province within the Kingdom of Armenia.[3] According to Armenian historian Konstantin Khudaverdyan, the area that would become Pirchivan was originally an Armenian settlement named Verjnavan (Armenian: Վերջնավան).[4] In the 14th century, Verjnavan was mentioned as being a part of the Kovsakan gavar of the province of Syunik, during the period of Mongol Armenia.[5]

After the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the nineteenth century, Zangilan (then called Pirchivan) became part of the Zangezur Uyezd of the Russian Empire's Elisabethpol Governorate. According to 1886 census data, there were 50 homes and 211 Azerbaijanis (classified as "Tatars" in the census) of the Shiite branch of Islam in Pirchivan.[6] According to the 1912 Caucasian Calendar, the village of Zangilan was home to 762 people, the majority of whom were Azerbaijanis (classified as "Tatars" in the census).[7]

Pirchivan I and Pirchivan II were part of the village council of the same name in the Zangilan District of the Azerbaijan SSR during the early Soviet period in 1933. Pirchivan I was the administrative centre of the district, with 574 residents and 95 farms, while Pirchivan II had 148 residents and 35 farms. The village council's population, which also included the villages of Genlik, Malatkeşin, and Tağlı, was 98.7 percent Azerbaijani.[8]

Pirchivan was classified as an urban-type settlement and renamed Zangilan by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic on 31 August 1957. It was given city status in 1967. The city had a railway station on the Baku-Nakhchivan branch line, three schools, a music school, two public libraries, a cultural centre, a movie theatre, and a hospital.[9][10] The population was 6,968 people, according to the Soviet Census of 1989.[11]

During the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Armenian forces occupied the village on 29 October 1993, forcing the Azerbaijani population to flee.[12] It was later incorporated into the breakaway Republic of Artsakh as part of its Kashatagh Province, where it was known as Kovsakan (Armenian: Կովսական). Following the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War, Armenian refugees from Syria, mostly farmers, settled in the city.[13][14][15] Azerbaijan protested and described the settlement of Syrian Armenians on its internationally recognised territory as a violation of international law that impended the peace process.[16]

Azerbaijan recaptured the city on 20 October 2020, during the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War.[17] On 23 December 2020, President Ilham Aliyev raised the Azerbaijani flag in the city.[18]

Historical heritage sites edit

Among the historical heritage sites in and around the city is the "Imam Huseyn" mosque, built between the 17th and 18th centuries.[19]

Demographics edit

Year Population Ethnic composition Source
1886 211 100% Tatars (i.e. Azerbaijanis) Transcaucasian Statistical Committee[6]
1911 762 Mainly Tatars Caucasian Calendar[7]
1939 1,103 83% Azerbaijanis, 10.1% Russians, 4.9% Armenians Soviet Census[20]
1959 2,980 98.3% Azerbaijanis, 0.8% Russians, 0.2% Armenians Soviet Census[21]
1970 4,103 98.6% Azerbaijanis, 0.7% Russians, 0.3% Armenians Soviet Census[22]
1979 5,012 96.1% Azerbaijanis, 3.6% Russians, 0.1% Armenians Soviet Census[23]
1989 6,968 Soviet Census[11]
1991 ~7,200 Great Encyclopedic Dictionary [ru][24]
29 October 1993: Occupation of Zangilan. Expulsion of Azerbaijani population
2015 500 ~100% Armenians NKR estimate[1]

Gallery edit

  •  
  •  
    Okhchu River
  •  
    Ruins of the "Imam Huseyn" mosque
  •  
    Okhchu River
  •  
    Zangilan's nature
  •  
    Roundabout in central Zangilan
  •  
    Old khachkar
  •  
    New khachkar

References edit

  1. ^ Also anglicized as Zangelan
  1. ^ a b "Urban communities of the NKR" (PDF). stat-nkr.am. National Statistical Service of Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. 1 January 2015. p. 13.
  2. ^ Karapetyan, Samvel (2001). Armenian Cultural Monuments in the Region of Karabakh (PDF). Vol. 3. "Gitutiun" Publishing House of NAS RA. p. 195. ISBN 9785808004689.
  3. ^ Hewsen, Robert (1992). The Geography of Ananias of Sirak (Asxarhacoyc): The Long and the Short Recensions. Wiesbaden: Reichert. p. 193 [1]. OCLC 643843083.
  4. ^ Khudaverdyan, Konstantin (1996). Haykakan Hartsʻ Hanragitaran [Armenian Question Encyclopedia] (in Armenian). Yerevan: Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia. p. 156. OCLC 44627480.
  5. ^ Matthews, Thomas F.; Sanjian, Avedis Krikor; Orna, Mary Virginia; Russel, James R. (1990). Armenian Gospel Iconography: The Tradition of the Glajor Gospel. Washington D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks: Trustees for Harvard University. p. 19 [2]. ISBN 9780884021834.
  6. ^ a b Свод статистических данных о населении Закавказскаго края, извлеченных из посемейных списков 1886 г. Tiflis: Transcaucasian Statistical Committee. 1893. p. 255.
  7. ^ a b [Caucasian calendar for 1912] (in Russian) (67th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1912. p. 155. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021.
  8. ^ Административное деление АССР [Administrative divisions of the ASSR] (in Russian). AzUNKHU. 1933. p. 101.
  9. ^ "ЗӘНҜИЛАН". Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia. Vol. 4. Baku. 1980. p. 317.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. ^ "Зангелан" [Zangelan]. Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. Moscow. 1972. p. 329.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  11. ^ a b "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г." www.ethno-kavkaz.narod.ru.
  12. ^ "Tarixi". Azərbaycan Respublikası Zəngilan Rayon İcra Hakimiyyəti (in Azerbaijani). Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  13. ^ "Armenia: Syrian Refugees Resettling in Occupied Azerbaijani Territory". EurasiaNet. 28 January 2013.
  14. ^ . Archived from the original on 16 June 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
  15. ^ "Armenia: refugees in the military". Deutsche Welle.
  16. ^ Ghazaryan, Hayk; Sultanova, Shahla. "Карабах может стать второй родиной для сирийских армян". Institute for War and Peace Reporting (in Russian). Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  17. ^ "President Ilham Aliyev: Zangilan city and 6 villages of the district, 18 villages of Fuzuli, Jabrayil, and Khojavand districts liberated". mod.gov.az. 20 October 2020.
  18. ^ "Ilham Aliyev and First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva visited Gubadli and Zangilan districts". president.az. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  19. ^ "Bir "Cəngi"lik Zəngilan vüsalı". Ministry of Culture (in Azerbaijani). 22 October 2020. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
  20. ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1939 года".
  21. ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1959 года".
  22. ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1970 года".
  23. ^ "Этнокавказ. Национальный состав населения Зангеланского района по переписи 1979 года".
  24. ^ "ЗАНГЕЛАН" [ZANGELAN]. Great Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow. 2000.{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zəngilan.

January 01, 1970
zangilan, nearby, village, with, this, name, village, zangelan, redirects, here, places, iran, zangelan, iran, azerbaijani, zəngilan, pronounced, zænɟiˈlɑn, armenian, Կովսական, romanized, kovsakan, city, azerbaijan, administrative, centre, district, situated, . For the nearby village with this name see Zangilan village Zangelan redirects here For places in Iran see Zangelan Iran Zangilan a Azerbaijani Zengilan pronounced zaenɟiˈlɑn Armenian Կովսական romanized Kovsakan is a city in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Zangilan District It is situated along the Voghji Okhchuchay river Zangilan ZengilanFrom top left Zangilan signSoviet era MuralVoghji river valley in ZangilanNew housesZangilan International AirportZangilanShow map of AzerbaijanZangilanShow map of East Zangezur Economic RegionCoordinates 39 05 14 0 N 46 39 04 3 E 39 087222 N 46 651194 E 39 087222 46 651194Country AzerbaijanDistrictZangilanPopulation 2015 1 Total500Time zoneUTC 4 UTC Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Historical heritage sites 4 Demographics 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksEtymology editAccording to the Armenian historian Hovhannes Gharagyozian the town s historical name of Pirchivan which it held until 1957 when it was renamed to Zangilan originates from the settlement of Ashtarak mentioned by Stepanos Orbelian in his list of villages in the Kovsakan county of Syunik The word Ashtarak is seen as a synonym for burj tower fortress in the Armenian language The name of the settlement next to the fortress comes from the joining of the words Burj the Armenian suffix avan settlement Thus creating Burgi avan gt Burjevan gt Brjevan which was transformed into Pirchivan under Turkic phonetic influence 2 History editSoviet Armenian historian Suren Yeremian states that the area of present day Zangilan was part of the Kovsakan gavar county of the Syunik province within the Kingdom of Armenia 3 According to Armenian historian Konstantin Khudaverdyan the area that would become Pirchivan was originally an Armenian settlement named Verjnavan Armenian Վերջնավան 4 In the 14th century Verjnavan was mentioned as being a part of the Kovsakan gavar of the province of Syunik during the period of Mongol Armenia 5 After the Russian conquest of the Caucasus in the nineteenth century Zangilan then called Pirchivan became part of the Zangezur Uyezd of the Russian Empire s Elisabethpol Governorate According to 1886 census data there were 50 homes and 211 Azerbaijanis classified as Tatars in the census of the Shiite branch of Islam in Pirchivan 6 According to the 1912 Caucasian Calendar the village of Zangilan was home to 762 people the majority of whom were Azerbaijanis classified as Tatars in the census 7 Pirchivan I and Pirchivan II were part of the village council of the same name in the Zangilan District of the Azerbaijan SSR during the early Soviet period in 1933 Pirchivan I was the administrative centre of the district with 574 residents and 95 farms while Pirchivan II had 148 residents and 35 farms The village council s population which also included the villages of Genlik Malatkesin and Tagli was 98 7 percent Azerbaijani 8 Pirchivan was classified as an urban type settlement and renamed Zangilan by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic on 31 August 1957 It was given city status in 1967 The city had a railway station on the Baku Nakhchivan branch line three schools a music school two public libraries a cultural centre a movie theatre and a hospital 9 10 The population was 6 968 people according to the Soviet Census of 1989 11 During the First Nagorno Karabakh War Armenian forces occupied the village on 29 October 1993 forcing the Azerbaijani population to flee 12 It was later incorporated into the breakaway Republic of Artsakh as part of its Kashatagh Province where it was known as Kovsakan Armenian Կովսական Following the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War Armenian refugees from Syria mostly farmers settled in the city 13 14 15 Azerbaijan protested and described the settlement of Syrian Armenians on its internationally recognised territory as a violation of international law that impended the peace process 16 Azerbaijan recaptured the city on 20 October 2020 during the 2020 Nagorno Karabakh War 17 On 23 December 2020 President Ilham Aliyev raised the Azerbaijani flag in the city 18 Historical heritage sites editAmong the historical heritage sites in and around the city is the Imam Huseyn mosque built between the 17th and 18th centuries 19 Demographics editYear Population Ethnic composition Source 1886 211 100 Tatars i e Azerbaijanis Transcaucasian Statistical Committee 6 1911 762 Mainly Tatars Caucasian Calendar 7 1939 1 103 83 Azerbaijanis 10 1 Russians 4 9 Armenians Soviet Census 20 1959 2 980 98 3 Azerbaijanis 0 8 Russians 0 2 Armenians Soviet Census 21 1970 4 103 98 6 Azerbaijanis 0 7 Russians 0 3 Armenians Soviet Census 22 1979 5 012 96 1 Azerbaijanis 3 6 Russians 0 1 Armenians Soviet Census 23 1989 6 968 Soviet Census 11 1991 7 200 Great Encyclopedic Dictionary ru 24 29 October 1993 Occupation of Zangilan Expulsion of Azerbaijani population 2015 500 100 Armenians NKR estimate 1 Gallery edit nbsp nbsp Okhchu River nbsp Ruins of the Imam Huseyn mosque nbsp Okhchu River nbsp Zangilan s nature nbsp Roundabout in central Zangilan nbsp Old khachkar nbsp New khachkarReferences edit Also anglicized as Zangelan a b Urban communities of the NKR PDF stat nkr am National Statistical Service of Nagorno Karabakh Republic 1 January 2015 p 13 Karapetyan Samvel 2001 Armenian Cultural Monuments in the Region of Karabakh PDF Vol 3 Gitutiun Publishing House of NAS RA p 195 ISBN 9785808004689 Hewsen Robert 1992 The Geography of Ananias of Sirak Asxarhacoyc The Long and the Short Recensions Wiesbaden Reichert p 193 1 OCLC 643843083 Khudaverdyan Konstantin 1996 Haykakan Hartsʻ Hanragitaran Armenian Question Encyclopedia in Armenian Yerevan Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia p 156 OCLC 44627480 Matthews Thomas F Sanjian Avedis Krikor Orna Mary Virginia Russel James R 1990 Armenian Gospel Iconography The Tradition of the Glajor Gospel Washington D C Dumbarton Oaks Trustees for Harvard University p 19 2 ISBN 9780884021834 a b Svod statisticheskih dannyh o naselenii Zakavkazskago kraya izvlechennyh iz posemejnyh spiskov 1886 g Tiflis Transcaucasian Statistical Committee 1893 p 255 a b Kavkazskij kalendar na 1912 god Caucasian calendar for 1912 in Russian 67th ed Tiflis Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye I V na Kavkaze kazenny dom 1912 p 155 Archived from the original on 11 December 2021 Administrativnoe delenie ASSR Administrative divisions of the ASSR in Russian AzUNKHU 1933 p 101 ZӘNҜILAN Azerbaijani Soviet Encyclopedia Vol 4 Baku 1980 p 317 a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Zangelan Zangelan Great Soviet Encyclopedia Vol 9 Moscow 1972 p 329 a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a CS1 maint location missing publisher link a b Vsesoyuznaya perepis naseleniya 1989 g www ethno kavkaz narod ru Tarixi Azerbaycan Respublikasi Zengilan Rayon Icra Hakimiyyeti in Azerbaijani Retrieved 17 June 2022 Armenia Syrian Refugees Resettling in Occupied Azerbaijani Territory EurasiaNet 28 January 2013 Syrian Armenians in NKR benefit from AGBU agricultural program Archived from the original on 16 June 2018 Retrieved 14 February 2016 Armenia refugees in the military Deutsche Welle Ghazaryan Hayk Sultanova Shahla Karabah mozhet stat vtoroj rodinoj dlya sirijskih armyan Institute for War and Peace Reporting in Russian Retrieved 17 June 2022 President Ilham Aliyev Zangilan city and 6 villages of the district 18 villages of Fuzuli Jabrayil and Khojavand districts liberated mod gov az 20 October 2020 Ilham Aliyev and First Lady Mehriban Aliyeva visited Gubadli and Zangilan districts president az Retrieved 17 June 2022 Bir Cengi lik Zengilan vusali Ministry of Culture in Azerbaijani 22 October 2020 Retrieved 9 July 2022 Etnokavkaz Nacionalnyj sostav naseleniya Zangelanskogo rajona po perepisi 1939 goda Etnokavkaz Nacionalnyj sostav naseleniya Zangelanskogo rajona po perepisi 1959 goda Etnokavkaz Nacionalnyj sostav naseleniya Zangelanskogo rajona po perepisi 1970 goda Etnokavkaz Nacionalnyj sostav naseleniya Zangelanskogo rajona po perepisi 1979 goda ZANGELAN ZANGELAN Great Encyclopedic Dictionary Moscow 2000 a href Template Cite encyclopedia html title Template Cite encyclopedia cite encyclopedia a CS1 maint location missing publisher link External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Zengilan Zangilan at GEOnet Names Server Portal nbsp Geography Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Zangilan amp oldid 1216940854, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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