fbpx
Wikipedia

Yanun

January 01, 1970

Yanun (Arabic: يانون, romanized: Yânûn) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northern West Bank, located 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) southeast of Nablus, and 3 miles north of Aqraba. It lies within Area C, under total Israeli control, of the West Bank. It is divided into two sites, upper and lower Yanun. Upper or northern Yanin is considered illegal by the Israeli authorities, and development is prohibited there.[3]

Yanun
Municipality type D (Village council)
Arabic transcription(s)
 • Arabicيانون
 • LatinYanoun (official)
The golden fields of Yanoun in May
Yanun
Location of Yanun within Palestine
Coordinates: 32°08′44″N 35°21′20″E / 32.14556°N 35.35556°E / 32.14556; 35.35556
Palestine grid183/172
StateState of Palestine
GovernorateNablus
Government
 • TypeVillage council
 • Head of MunicipalityAbd al-Latif Bani Jaber
Area
 • Total16,000 dunams (16.0 km2 or 6.2 sq mi)
Population
 (2017)[1]
 • Total92
 • Density5.8/km2 (15/sq mi)
Name meaningfrom personal name[2]

After being destroyed post-16th century,[4] the village was reestablished in 1878 by Muslim Bosniak families who received lands from the Ottoman government.[4][5] One Bosniak family still owns the land, although it's now inhabited by their tenants, who also live in the nearby hamlet of Ein Yanun. The inhabitants have their origins in the nearby villages of Awarta and Beit Furik.[4]

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village had a population of 92 in 2017.[1] This was a decrease from 2004 when the PCBS recorded that Yanun had 145 inhabitants.[6] The residents of the village have to travel to Beit Furik for primary health care.[7]

History edit

Pottery sherds from Iron Age II, Roman, Byzantine, and Crusader/Ayyubid eras have been found here.[8]

Yanun the village is distinct from Khirbet Yanun, nearby ruins to the north-east of the village. According to Edward Robinson, Yanun corresponds to the Janō(Ἰανὼ) of Eusebius and Jerome, a village in Acrabatene east of Neapolis, which, according to Robinson, these two Church fathers confused with the ancient frontier town of Yanoḥah(ינוחה) of Naphtali, which belonged to the Tribe of Ephraim.[9][10] Victor Guérin argued that both Eusebius and Jerome had confused the Yanoḥah of the tribe of Ephraim with the quite distinct, homophonous village belonging to the tribe of Naphtali (p. 7) Modern researchers, following Guerin, have suggested that the Biblical Yanoḥah refers to Khirbet Yanun, as pottery sherds from lron Age I has been found there, and not at Yanun.[11] Several caves dot the area, which the local school headmaster claims were dwelt in by the Canaanites.[12]

There is a shrine, formerly used by villagers as a mosque, believed to be of the prophet Nun on a hillock called Nabinun three hundred metres east of Lower Yanun.[3][12][13]

Byzantine pottery and other signs of ancient habitation including tombs carved into rock have been found at the village site.[14] There are ruins of a Frankish church.[15][16]

Ottoman era edit

In 1596, Yanun appeared in Ottoman tax registers as a village in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal, part of Sanjak Nablus, with a population of 18 Muslim households. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on various agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, olives, goats or beehives, and a press for olives or grapes; a total of 7,500 akçe.[17]

Edward Robinson visited Yanun in 1852. He wrote that the village was mostly in ruins and only a few houses were inhabited.[9] In the 19th century, Yanun was settled by some 50 Bushnaks (Bosniaks), Muslims from Bosnia, after their country was ceded to the Austro-Hungarian Empire by the Congress of Berlin. The sultan Abdul Hamid gave the immigrants a significant part of the village.[12] According to Haaretz, these were soldiers sent to reinforce Ottoman rule in Palestine. Adopting a common surname, Bushnak, they later moved to nearby Nablus and leased their farmlands to villagers from Aqraba who gradually left their village to settle in Yanun themselves. The villagers are their partners and descendants.[18] In 1870, Victor Guérin visited, and noted the Neby Nun east of Yanun.[19] In the 1882, the Survey of Western Palestine described it as "A small village on the edge of a deep valley, with a sacred place to the east (Neby Nun), and a small spring about 1 mile to the north".[20]

British Mandate era edit

In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Yanun had a population of 70; all Muslim,[21] increasing in the 1931 census to 120, still all Muslims, in a total of 22 houses.[22]

According to the 1945 statistics, Yanun had a population of 50 Muslims,[23] with a total of 16,439 dunams of land,[24] living in a built-up area of 34 dunams.[25] Of this, 731 dunams were plantations and irrigable land, while 3,969 dunams were used for cereals.[26]

Jordanian era edit

In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Yanun came under Jordanian rule. It was annexed by Jordan in 1950.

The Jordanian census of 1961 found 103 inhabitants.[27]

1967 and aftermath edit

After the Six-Day War in 1967, Yanun has been under Israeli occupation.

After the 1995 accords, 31% of the land of Aqraba/Yanun was classified as Area B, the remaining 69% as Area C.[28]

As of 2002, the village is still leased by the residents of Aqraba and payment for leasing the land could be made in the form of wheat, olive oil or cash. About three-quarters of Yanun's 16,000 dunams of land is still leased.[18]

According to Vikram Sura, Itamar settlers used to trade with local farmers and visit Yanun to enjoy refreshments like cardamom-spiced coffee and mint tea there. In the mid-late 1990s, Itamar began 'annexing' hills stretching out from the settlement towards Yanun. Trailer homes from Itamar began to be set up along the ridge overlooking the village. The last outpost, Giv'ot Olam, looking down over the village of Yanun, was created by Avri Ran, who obtained the land by trespassing on Yanun-owned areas and on Israeli state land, and assaulting any Palestinians who approached his settlement.[29][30] Though they felt surrounded, the Yanun villagers did not feel vulnerable. Relations changed with the outbreak of the Al-Aqsa Intifada in October 2000, when 13 Israeli Arabs were shot dead during the suppression of a riot protesting the visit of Ariel Sharon to the Temple Mount. Yanun lies far from the main areas where Palestinian militants and the IDF subsequently clashed, and till then grievances between the two communities were less than the norm. Over the next three years, Palestinian militants killed roughly 11 Itamar settlers. A Californian who made aliyah to Itamar later accused Yanun of having aided these terrorists.[citation needed] No member of the village has been linked to any attack on settlers.[31] The youths on Avri Ran's hilltop outpost argue that they have a prerogative to respond with violence when they feel their Palestinian neighbours are preventing them from realizing their right, as legal heirs of God's bequest, to work the land.[32]

Armed settlers, according to local reports began to hinder Yanun farmers from harvesting their olive crops, intimidating the villagers and damaging the village's electrical generator.[33] According to a survey reported and compiled by Yanun councilor Abdelatif Sobih, Yanun villagers have since been subjected to repeated assaults on their homes and farms; beatings; shootings, some resulting in death; poisoning and shootings of their flocks; the use of fierce dogs to impede farmer access to their lands; blocking of their access roads; pollution of their water resource; destruction of their electric generator, constructed with a donation from the Economic Development Group; the ploughing of fields sown with crops, or the burning of crops at harvest time; theft of olive trees; shooting at relatives' cars travelling to visit Yanun; and interrogation of teachers at the Yanun elementary school.[34][35]

2002 temporary exodus edit

Assaults and shootings by settlers at Palestinian farmers and foreign volunteers at olive harvest time took place in 2002.[36] A Council spokesman for the Israeli settlement of Itamar, in response to queries about the incidents, replied that he was unaware of claims of harassment and that settlers were trying to keep Palestinian villagers away from themselves. Another Itamar spokesman told The Guardian at the time “If anyone is being terrorized it is us. Arabs have to learn that if they continue to be violent they can’t live here. There is all this talk of Arab olives, what about Jewish blood?”[12]

The village was temporarily abandoned on October 19, 2002,[37] the first exodus in recent times of a Palestinian community abandoning a village in the wake of attacks by settlers. The last of 25 families relocated to nearby Aqraba after a reported worsening in their harassment by Itamar residents, including Avri Ran and his organization, the Hilltop Youth. Two aged people stayed behind, refusing to accept the village decision to go.[3][29] The village was re-occupied with the aid of peace activists from Ta'ayush and the International Solidarity Movement, who came and held a round-the-clock presence there for two weeks when the villagers started moving out in response to harassment.[38][39] The presence of foreign volunteers as witnesses has acted as a brake on settler assaults.[35][40] Ta'ayush activist David Nir was reportedly pushed by Avri Ran in Yanun.[29] Amiel Vardi, professor of classics at Hebrew University, was also shot there by a settler whom he subsequently identified and took to court. The case was dismissed.[41] Since 2003, EAPPI has maintained a round-the-clock protective presence in Yanoun, reporting on human rights violations.[42]

On October 30, 2002, together with David Shulman, a group that included the distinguished Israeli writers Amos Oz, Meir Shalev, A. B. Yehoshua, David Grossman, the daughter of Haim Gouri, with Rabbi Menachem Froman, co-founder of Gush Emunim and a settler in Tekoa, Ian Buruma and an assortment of Israeli television camera crews and journalists visited Yanun to assist the returned villagers with their harvest and ward off settlers.[43] According to Shulman, one of the settler rabbis had declared that Jews had the right to steal olives from the Palestinians, since the land belonged to the former. Rabbi Froman, armed with a heavy pile of books, including the Gemara and Shulchan Aruch, turned up to show that these texts actually forbid stealing olives from non-Jews.[44]

Incidents edit

Early in 2012, the IDF began reviewing plans to revive a dormant firing range, 904A, in the area, and began forbidding Palestinians from using the area, though the ban does not apply to settlers of the Giva 777 outpost of Itamar. Over the summer, Rahed Fahmi, the head of the Yanun council, together with Rabbis for Human Rights and an Israeli-Palestinian association Lohamin Leshalom (Fighting for Peace) have been involved in an intense campaign to convince Israeli authorities of the right of Yanun and Aqraba villagers to their lands. They succeeded in obtaining a right to visit their fields for one week, from July 3 to July 10, by which time the wheatcrop had mostly withered.[45] On Saturday July 7, two military jeeps accompanied the farmers to their fields. According to local farmers, sheep were being beaten by settlers. According to the EAPPI and Amira Hass, dozens of Jewish settlers attacked Yanun, one of 50 settler assaults in the West Bank in that month,[45] assailed villagers and killed three sheep, with four villagers, members of the Bani Jaber family, badly injured and requiring hospital treatment. In the assault one was beaten and later handcuffed by soldiers who intervened. A fifth, Jawdat Ibrahim, was reportedly beaten, wounded, bound and left in a field, where he was found the following day.[42] According to an IDF source, the Israeli army intervened in a stone-throwing fray between settlers and villagers, and used tear-gas to stop the clash.[46] According to an official of the Nablus Governorate, one of the victims, Jawdat Bani Jabir, was shot in the face and the foot by soldiers and subsequently stabbed by settlers. Five head of cattle were also slaughtered.[47] According to the EAPPI, "The attack began mid-afternoon, when three Palestinian farmers working in their fields were set upon by settlers armed with machine guns and knives. The settlers stabbed three of the farmers’ sheep to death. When EAs arrived at the scene at the request of the head of the village, there were also fires burning in two wheat fields and an olive grove. Israeli soldiers fired tear gas at Palestinians who were trying to reach the area to put out the fires."[42] The day after, another 10 sheep of the flock died. The entire area reserved for their agriculture is now denied to them, but the fields are now tended by settlers permitted to live in the new firing range.[45]

EAPPI reported that Rashed Murrar, head of the village, fears that the intention of the attack was to cause the Palestinian villages to give up their wheat fields. The village, which is home to just 65 people, is surrounded by Israeli outposts, which are considered illegal both under international law and Israeli law.[42][47]

The villagers reportedly managed to deter settlers who undertook an attack on the village during the olive harvest in October 2015.[48]

Critical judgements edit

The civilian population of Yanun, along with that of Bil'in, Jinba and several other places, in the judgement of scholar and Ta'ayush peace activist David Shulman, has been subject to practices that are "singularly cruel". Amira Hass, writing for Haaretz, argues that the systematic attacks on Palestinian villagers like those at Yanun, who are Semites, constitute a form of antisemitism, with the difference that such assaults in the West Bank are rarely if ever reported.[49] The recent history of the village has been cited for the theory that after the Oslo Accords, Israel is applying a policy of slow transfer of Palestinians from villages near Israeli settlements on the West Bank.[50] The Spanish scholar, Ferran Izquierdo Brichs, cites what has happened there as an example of ethnic cleansing.[51]

Environment edit

Yanun has been described as an "idyllic village", if one ignores its recent troubles.[52] Driving in from Aqraba, there are views of hillocks full of olive groves meet the eye, while to the right the land falls steeply down into the Jordan Valley.[53] It is surrounded by lush valleys, adorned in spring with anemones and cyclamens, that boast of olive groves and sheep pastures, with views down the valley towards Aqraba. The village itself holds the ruins of fortified Ottoman houses and a dilapidated castle. The site known as Nabinun, on the hillock of that name, has been identified as a former synagogue-mosque and is associated with the biblical father of Joshua.[54]

Photos edit

  •  
    The UN emergency generator in the village of Yanoun
  •  
    One of the new power lines installed and paid for by the Kingdom of Belgium's Rural Electrification Project: Northern Area West Bank
  •  
    Water tower and watchtower near Yanoun
  •  
    Locations of the attacks that have occurred in Yanoun

References edit

  1. ^ a b Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 (PDF). Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) (Report). State of Palestine. February 2018. pp. 64–82. Retrieved 2023-10-24.
  2. ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 264
  3. ^ a b c , Settlement Report | Vol. 12 No. 6 | November–December 2002, Foundation for Middle East Peace
  4. ^ a b c Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in Shomron studies. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 356
  5. ^ Grossman, D. (1994). Rural and desertion: the Arab village and its offshoots in Ottoman Palestine. Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi. p. 233
  6. ^ Projected Mid -Year Population for Nablus Governorate by Locality 2004- 2006 2012-04-14 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  7. ^ West Bank Healthcare
  8. ^ Finkelstein and Lederman, 1997, p. 822
  9. ^ a b Robinson, 1856, p. 297
  10. ^ Saunders, 1881, p. 226
  11. ^ Finkelstein and Lederman, 1997, p. 828
  12. ^ a b c d Mandal, Thomas (May 2011). (PDF). World Council of Churches: 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 1, 2011. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  13. ^ Canaan, 1927, p. 285
  14. ^ Dauphin, 1998, p. 849
  15. ^ Ellenblum, 2003, p. 224
  16. ^ Pringle, 1997, p. 115
  17. ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 135
  18. ^ a b Hass, Amira (2002-10-25). . Original in Haaretz, reprinted by Ta'ayush. Archived from the original on 2008-11-20. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  19. ^ Guérin, 1875, pp. 6-8
  20. ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 387
  21. ^ Barron, 1923, Table IX, Sub-district of Nablus, p. 25
  22. ^ Mills, 1932, p. 66
  23. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 19
  24. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 61
  25. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 158
  26. ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 108
  27. ^ Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. 26
  28. ^ ARIJ, p. 16
  29. ^ a b c Lavie, Aviv. Avri Ran has a farm and Jewish followers in the West Bank. But for his Arab neighbours, it's a rule by force Ha'aretz. 2003-09-04.
  30. ^ Chaim Levinson, 'Israeli 'hilltop youth' accuse their former hero of stealing settlers' land,' at Haaretz, 31 January 2013.
  31. ^ Palestinians 'forced to abandon village,' BBC News, 21 October 2002.
  32. ^ Pedahzur and Perliger, 2013, p. 115
  33. ^ Vikram Sura, , at The Hindu, October 12, 2003.
  34. ^ Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village, Settlement Report | Vol. 12 No. 6 | November–December 2002, Foundation for Middle East Peace
  35. ^ a b Ferran Izquierdo Brichs, "El cor de la neteja ètnica: Relat d'un viatge a Cisjordània i la Franja de Gaza" in Belén Vicéns (coord.), L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005 p.132
  36. ^ Shulman, 2008, pp. 8, 107-108, 181-2.
  37. ^ Robert Blecher, 'Living on the Edge: The Threat of "Transfer" in Israel and Palestine,' in Beinin and Stein, 2006, p. 191 dates the evacuation to the day before: 'Piling their furniture and personal belongings into a truck, the last residents of Yanun abandoned their West Bank village on October 189, 2002. "Our life here is more bitter than hell," said one villager, lamenting years of attacks, recently intensified, from Israeli settlers living nearby. In the past months, rampaging bands had smashed windows, destroyed water tanks, burned the village's electric generator, stolen sheep, beaten villagers, and shot at workers in the fields.'
  38. ^ Reinhart, 2006, p. 176
  39. ^ Yizhar, 2008, Afterword, pp. 127-128.
  40. ^ ’ On Friday, 18 October 2002, the last remaining residents (17 families) of Yanun village (10km south-east of Nablus) fled to the nearby village of Aqraba for fear of further settler violence. Originally home to 25 families, Yanun has, for the last four years, suffered from constant harassment and attacks from the settlers of Itamar settlement. The settlers had set up a series of "illegal outposts" surrounding the village. During October there was an increase in settler attacks due to the advent of the olive harvest. Villagers reported that the settlers have been attacking the village on a weekly basis, which has led to one death and several people injured. The settlers, they report, have been entering the village at night on horseback with their faces covered, have been firing at the village, smashing windows, breaking doors, and they have cut off the village's water and electricity supplies.Yanun's residents depend on agriculture and the olive harvest for their livelihood. They reported that settlers had issued a direct threat ordering them not to harvest their olives or they would be shot at whenever they attempted to enter their fields. Moreover, farms have been attacked, sheep poisoned, crops burned and shepherds prevented from reaching the pastures to tend to their flocks.Yanun is believed to be the first case in recent years in which the entire population of a village has fled to escape settler violence and intimidation. As a result, volunteers from the Israeli-Palestinian organization Ta'ayush, Israeli volunteers, and foreign volunteers from the International Solidarity Movement went to the area intending to stay a couple of weeks to give the villagers some "protection" and to encourage their return to Yanun. * Encouraged, some families did decide to return. However, the presence of volunteers did not deter some settlers. On Sunday 27 October, the olive pickers were again attacked by settlers and four Palestinians, including two children, and four volunteers were reported injured. *Information from a team of NGO and UN staff who visited Yanun on 22 October.’ OCHA, ’OCHA Humanitarian Update Occupied Palestinian Territories, 31 Oct 2002
  41. ^ Shulman, 2008, pp. 78, 107-108, 181-2.
  42. ^ a b c d , EAPPI 9. July, 2012.
  43. ^ Shulman, 2008, pp. 107-113.
  44. ^ Shulman, 2008, p. 109
  45. ^ a b c Amira Hass, 'Lambs to the settlers' slaughter, screaming and unheard,' at [Haaretz], 5 August 2012.
  46. ^ The Associated Press 'Palestinians claim Jewish settlers attack villagers, killed livestock,' at Haaretz, July 8, 2012
  47. ^ a b Palestinian Jawdat Bani Jabir, 43 years old, stabbed and shot in settler attack near Nablus 2013-04-17 at the Wayback Machine. Ma'an News Agency, 7 July 2012.
  48. ^ 'Settler attacks continue in Nablus area, olive trees burned,' Ma'an News Agency 9 October 2015.
  49. ^ Amira Hass, 'The anti-Semitism that goes unreported. Tens of thousands of people live in the shadow of terror,' at Haaretz, 18 July 2012.
  50. ^ McMahon, 2010, pp. 82-83.
  51. ^ Ferran Izquierdo Brichs, "El cor de la neteja ètnica: Relat d'un viatge a Cisjordània i la Franja de Gaza" in Belén Vicéns (coord.), L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005, p.132: 'El poble de Yanun s'ha convertit en l'exemple més visible de la política de desestructuració econòmica i d'assetjament com a mecanismes de neteja ètnica.'
  52. ^ Irving, 2012, p. 229: 'If it weren't for the threats posed to it by Itamar, Yanoun would seem an idyllic village.'
  53. ^ Baltzer, 2007, pp. 41ff., 43.
  54. ^ Irving, 2012, p. 229

Bibliography edit

  • Baltzer, A. (2007). Witness in Palestine: A Jewish American Woman in the Occupied Territories. Paradigm Publishers.
  • Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Beinin, J.; Stein, Rebecca L, eds. (2006). The Struggle for Sovereignty: Palestine And Israel, 1993–2005 (Stanford Studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic Societies and Cultures). Stanford Univ Pr. ISBN 0-8047-5364-4.
  • Brichs, Ferran Izquierdo (2005). "El cor de la neteja ètnica: Relat d'un viatge a Cisjordània i la Franja de Gaza". In Belén Vicéns (ed.). L'Orient Mitjà en el punt de mira. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. pp. 125–137. ISBN 978-8-449-02391-0.
  • Canaan, T. (1927). Mohammedan Saints and Sanctuaries in Palestine. London: Luzac & Co.
  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Dauphin, C. (1998). La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations. BAR International Series 726 (in French). Vol. III : Catalogue. Oxford: Archeopress. ISBN 0-860549-05-4.
  • Ellenblum, R. (2003). Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521521871.
  • Finkelstein, I.; Lederman, Zvi, eds. (1997). Highlands of many cultures. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section. ISBN 965-440-007-3.
  • Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics (1964). First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population (PDF).
  • Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945.
  • Guérin, V. (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
  • Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
  • Irving, Sarah (2012). Palestine. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 9781841623672.
  • Mandal, Thomas (2011). (PDF). World Council of Churches. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-01.
  • McMahon, Sean (2010). The Discourse of Palestinian-Israeli Relations: Persistent Analytics and Practices. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-99548-1.
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Pedahzur, Ami; Perliger, Arie (2009). Jewish Terrorism in Israel. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0231520751.
  • Pringle, D. (1997). Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521-46010-7.
  • Reinhart, T. (2006). The Road Map to Nowhere: Israel/Palestine Since 2003. London; New York: Verso. ISBN 1-84467-076-7.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1856). Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and adjacent regions: A Journal of Travels in the year 1852. London: John Murray.
  • Saunders, Trelawney William (1881). An Introduction to the Survey of Western Palestine: Its Waterways, Plains & Highlands. R. Bentley and Son.
  • Khalili, Hussein (2004). "Yanoun". In Josie Sandercock (ed.). Peace under fire: Israel/Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement. Verso. pp. 180–181. ISBN 978-1-844-67007-9.
  • Shulman, D.D. (2007). Dark Hope. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226755809.
  • Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village, Settlement Report. Vol. 12. Foundation for Middle East Peace. November–December 2002.
  • Yizhar, S. (2008). Khirbet Khizeh: A Novel. Translated: Nicholas Robert, Michael De Lange, Yaacob Dweck. Granta Publications. ISBN 978-1847084248.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
yanun, arabic, يانون, romanized, yânûn, palestinian, village, nablus, governorate, state, palestine, northern, west, bank, located, kilometers, southeast, nablus, miles, north, aqraba, lies, within, area, under, total, israeli, control, west, bank, divided, in. Yanun Arabic يانون romanized Yanun is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate of the State of Palestine in the northern West Bank located 12 kilometers 7 5 mi southeast of Nablus and 3 miles north of Aqraba It lies within Area C under total Israeli control of the West Bank It is divided into two sites upper and lower Yanun Upper or northern Yanin is considered illegal by the Israeli authorities and development is prohibited there 3 YanunMunicipality type D Village council Arabic transcription s Arabicيانون LatinYanoun official The golden fields of Yanoun in MayYanunLocation of Yanun within PalestineCoordinates 32 08 44 N 35 21 20 E 32 14556 N 35 35556 E 32 14556 35 35556Palestine grid183 172StateState of PalestineGovernorateNablusGovernment TypeVillage council Head of MunicipalityAbd al Latif Bani JaberArea Total16 000 dunams 16 0 km2 or 6 2 sq mi Population 2017 1 Total92 Density5 8 km2 15 sq mi Name meaningfrom personal name 2 After being destroyed post 16th century 4 the village was reestablished in 1878 by Muslim Bosniak families who received lands from the Ottoman government 4 5 One Bosniak family still owns the land although it s now inhabited by their tenants who also live in the nearby hamlet of Ein Yanun The inhabitants have their origins in the nearby villages of Awarta and Beit Furik 4 According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics PCBS the village had a population of 92 in 2017 1 This was a decrease from 2004 when the PCBS recorded that Yanun had 145 inhabitants 6 The residents of the village have to travel to Beit Furik for primary health care 7 Contents 1 History 1 1 Ottoman era 1 2 British Mandate era 1 3 Jordanian era 1 4 1967 and aftermath 1 4 1 2002 temporary exodus 2 Incidents 3 Critical judgements 4 Environment 5 Photos 6 References 7 Bibliography 8 External linksHistory editPottery sherds from Iron Age II Roman Byzantine and Crusader Ayyubid eras have been found here 8 Yanun the village is distinct from Khirbet Yanun nearby ruins to the north east of the village According to Edward Robinson Yanun corresponds to the Janō Ἰanὼ of Eusebius and Jerome a village in Acrabatene east of Neapolis which according to Robinson these two Church fathers confused with the ancient frontier town of Yanoḥah ינוחה of Naphtali which belonged to the Tribe of Ephraim 9 10 Victor Guerin argued that both Eusebius and Jerome had confused the Yanoḥah of the tribe of Ephraim with the quite distinct homophonous village belonging to the tribe of Naphtali p 7 Modern researchers following Guerin have suggested that the Biblical Yanoḥah refers to Khirbet Yanun as pottery sherds from lron Age I has been found there and not at Yanun 11 Several caves dot the area which the local school headmaster claims were dwelt in by the Canaanites 12 There is a shrine formerly used by villagers as a mosque believed to be of the prophet Nun on a hillock called Nabinun three hundred metres east of Lower Yanun 3 12 13 Byzantine pottery and other signs of ancient habitation including tombs carved into rock have been found at the village site 14 There are ruins of a Frankish church 15 16 Ottoman era edit In 1596 Yanun appeared in Ottoman tax registers as a village in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal part of Sanjak Nablus with a population of 18 Muslim households The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33 3 on various agricultural products including wheat barley summer crops olives goats or beehives and a press for olives or grapes a total of 7 500 akce 17 Edward Robinson visited Yanun in 1852 He wrote that the village was mostly in ruins and only a few houses were inhabited 9 In the 19th century Yanun was settled by some 50 Bushnaks Bosniaks Muslims from Bosnia after their country was ceded to the Austro Hungarian Empire by the Congress of Berlin The sultan Abdul Hamid gave the immigrants a significant part of the village 12 According to Haaretz these were soldiers sent to reinforce Ottoman rule in Palestine Adopting a common surname Bushnak they later moved to nearby Nablus and leased their farmlands to villagers from Aqraba who gradually left their village to settle in Yanun themselves The villagers are their partners and descendants 18 In 1870 Victor Guerin visited and noted the Neby Nun east of Yanun 19 In the 1882 the Survey of Western Palestine described it as A small village on the edge of a deep valley with a sacred place to the east Neby Nun and a small spring about 1 mile to the north 20 British Mandate era edit In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities Yanun had a population of 70 all Muslim 21 increasing in the 1931 census to 120 still all Muslims in a total of 22 houses 22 According to the 1945 statistics Yanun had a population of 50 Muslims 23 with a total of 16 439 dunams of land 24 living in a built up area of 34 dunams 25 Of this 731 dunams were plantations and irrigable land while 3 969 dunams were used for cereals 26 Jordanian era edit In the wake of the 1948 Arab Israeli War and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements Yanun came under Jordanian rule It was annexed by Jordan in 1950 The Jordanian census of 1961 found 103 inhabitants 27 1967 and aftermath edit After the Six Day War in 1967 Yanun has been under Israeli occupation After the 1995 accords 31 of the land of Aqraba Yanun was classified as Area B the remaining 69 as Area C 28 As of 2002 the village is still leased by the residents of Aqraba and payment for leasing the land could be made in the form of wheat olive oil or cash About three quarters of Yanun s 16 000 dunams of land is still leased 18 According to Vikram Sura Itamar settlers used to trade with local farmers and visit Yanun to enjoy refreshments like cardamom spiced coffee and mint tea there In the mid late 1990s Itamar began annexing hills stretching out from the settlement towards Yanun Trailer homes from Itamar began to be set up along the ridge overlooking the village The last outpost Giv ot Olam looking down over the village of Yanun was created by Avri Ran who obtained the land by trespassing on Yanun owned areas and on Israeli state land and assaulting any Palestinians who approached his settlement 29 30 Though they felt surrounded the Yanun villagers did not feel vulnerable Relations changed with the outbreak of the Al Aqsa Intifada in October 2000 when 13 Israeli Arabs were shot dead during the suppression of a riot protesting the visit of Ariel Sharon to the Temple Mount Yanun lies far from the main areas where Palestinian militants and the IDF subsequently clashed and till then grievances between the two communities were less than the norm Over the next three years Palestinian militants killed roughly 11 Itamar settlers A Californian who made aliyah to Itamar later accused Yanun of having aided these terrorists citation needed No member of the village has been linked to any attack on settlers 31 The youths on Avri Ran s hilltop outpost argue that they have a prerogative to respond with violence when they feel their Palestinian neighbours are preventing them from realizing their right as legal heirs of God s bequest to work the land 32 Armed settlers according to local reports began to hinder Yanun farmers from harvesting their olive crops intimidating the villagers and damaging the village s electrical generator 33 According to a survey reported and compiled by Yanun councilor Abdelatif Sobih Yanun villagers have since been subjected to repeated assaults on their homes and farms beatings shootings some resulting in death poisoning and shootings of their flocks the use of fierce dogs to impede farmer access to their lands blocking of their access roads pollution of their water resource destruction of their electric generator constructed with a donation from the Economic Development Group the ploughing of fields sown with crops or the burning of crops at harvest time theft of olive trees shooting at relatives cars travelling to visit Yanun and interrogation of teachers at the Yanun elementary school 34 35 2002 temporary exodus edit Assaults and shootings by settlers at Palestinian farmers and foreign volunteers at olive harvest time took place in 2002 36 A Council spokesman for the Israeli settlement of Itamar in response to queries about the incidents replied that he was unaware of claims of harassment and that settlers were trying to keep Palestinian villagers away from themselves Another Itamar spokesman told The Guardian at the time If anyone is being terrorized it is us Arabs have to learn that if they continue to be violent they can t live here There is all this talk of Arab olives what about Jewish blood 12 The village was temporarily abandoned on October 19 2002 37 the first exodus in recent times of a Palestinian community abandoning a village in the wake of attacks by settlers The last of 25 families relocated to nearby Aqraba after a reported worsening in their harassment by Itamar residents including Avri Ran and his organization the Hilltop Youth Two aged people stayed behind refusing to accept the village decision to go 3 29 The village was re occupied with the aid of peace activists from Ta ayush and the International Solidarity Movement who came and held a round the clock presence there for two weeks when the villagers started moving out in response to harassment 38 39 The presence of foreign volunteers as witnesses has acted as a brake on settler assaults 35 40 Ta ayush activist David Nir was reportedly pushed by Avri Ran in Yanun 29 Amiel Vardi professor of classics at Hebrew University was also shot there by a settler whom he subsequently identified and took to court The case was dismissed 41 Since 2003 EAPPI has maintained a round the clock protective presence in Yanoun reporting on human rights violations 42 On October 30 2002 together with David Shulman a group that included the distinguished Israeli writers Amos Oz Meir Shalev A B Yehoshua David Grossman the daughter of Haim Gouri with Rabbi Menachem Froman co founder of Gush Emunim and a settler in Tekoa Ian Buruma and an assortment of Israeli television camera crews and journalists visited Yanun to assist the returned villagers with their harvest and ward off settlers 43 According to Shulman one of the settler rabbis had declared that Jews had the right to steal olives from the Palestinians since the land belonged to the former Rabbi Froman armed with a heavy pile of books including the Gemara and Shulchan Aruch turned up to show that these texts actually forbid stealing olives from non Jews 44 Incidents editEarly in 2012 the IDF began reviewing plans to revive a dormant firing range 904A in the area and began forbidding Palestinians from using the area though the ban does not apply to settlers of the Giva 777 outpost of Itamar Over the summer Rahed Fahmi the head of the Yanun council together with Rabbis for Human Rights and an Israeli Palestinian association Lohamin Leshalom Fighting for Peace have been involved in an intense campaign to convince Israeli authorities of the right of Yanun and Aqraba villagers to their lands They succeeded in obtaining a right to visit their fields for one week from July 3 to July 10 by which time the wheatcrop had mostly withered 45 On Saturday July 7 two military jeeps accompanied the farmers to their fields According to local farmers sheep were being beaten by settlers According to the EAPPI and Amira Hass dozens of Jewish settlers attacked Yanun one of 50 settler assaults in the West Bank in that month 45 assailed villagers and killed three sheep with four villagers members of the Bani Jaber family badly injured and requiring hospital treatment In the assault one was beaten and later handcuffed by soldiers who intervened A fifth Jawdat Ibrahim was reportedly beaten wounded bound and left in a field where he was found the following day 42 According to an IDF source the Israeli army intervened in a stone throwing fray between settlers and villagers and used tear gas to stop the clash 46 According to an official of the Nablus Governorate one of the victims Jawdat Bani Jabir was shot in the face and the foot by soldiers and subsequently stabbed by settlers Five head of cattle were also slaughtered 47 According to the EAPPI The attack began mid afternoon when three Palestinian farmers working in their fields were set upon by settlers armed with machine guns and knives The settlers stabbed three of the farmers sheep to death When EAs arrived at the scene at the request of the head of the village there were also fires burning in two wheat fields and an olive grove Israeli soldiers fired tear gas at Palestinians who were trying to reach the area to put out the fires 42 The day after another 10 sheep of the flock died The entire area reserved for their agriculture is now denied to them but the fields are now tended by settlers permitted to live in the new firing range 45 EAPPI reported that Rashed Murrar head of the village fears that the intention of the attack was to cause the Palestinian villages to give up their wheat fields The village which is home to just 65 people is surrounded by Israeli outposts which are considered illegal both under international law and Israeli law 42 47 The villagers reportedly managed to deter settlers who undertook an attack on the village during the olive harvest in October 2015 48 Critical judgements editThe civilian population of Yanun along with that of Bil in Jinba and several other places in the judgement of scholar and Ta ayush peace activist David Shulman has been subject to practices that are singularly cruel Amira Hass writing for Haaretz argues that the systematic attacks on Palestinian villagers like those at Yanun who are Semites constitute a form of antisemitism with the difference that such assaults in the West Bank are rarely if ever reported 49 The recent history of the village has been cited for the theory that after the Oslo Accords Israel is applying a policy of slow transfer of Palestinians from villages near Israeli settlements on the West Bank 50 The Spanish scholar Ferran Izquierdo Brichs cites what has happened there as an example of ethnic cleansing 51 Environment editYanun has been described as an idyllic village if one ignores its recent troubles 52 Driving in from Aqraba there are views of hillocks full of olive groves meet the eye while to the right the land falls steeply down into the Jordan Valley 53 It is surrounded by lush valleys adorned in spring with anemones and cyclamens that boast of olive groves and sheep pastures with views down the valley towards Aqraba The village itself holds the ruins of fortified Ottoman houses and a dilapidated castle The site known as Nabinun on the hillock of that name has been identified as a former synagogue mosque and is associated with the biblical father of Joshua 54 Photos edit nbsp The UN emergency generator in the village of Yanoun nbsp One of the new power lines installed and paid for by the Kingdom of Belgium s Rural Electrification Project Northern Area West Bank nbsp Water tower and watchtower near Yanoun nbsp Locations of the attacks that have occurred in YanounReferences edit a b Preliminary Results of the Population Housing and Establishments Census 2017 PDF Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics PCBS Report State of Palestine February 2018 pp 64 82 Retrieved 2023 10 24 Palmer 1881 p 264 a b c Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village Settlement Report Vol 12 No 6 November December 2002 Foundation for Middle East Peace a b c Grossman D 1986 Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period in Shomron studies Dar S Safrai S eds Tel Aviv Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House p 356 Grossman D 1994 Rural and desertion the Arab village and its offshoots in Ottoman Palestine Jerusalem Yad Izhak Ben Zvi p 233 Projected Mid Year Population for Nablus Governorate by Locality 2004 2006 Archived 2012 04 14 at the Wayback Machine Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics West Bank Healthcare Finkelstein and Lederman 1997 p 822 a b Robinson 1856 p 297 Saunders 1881 p 226 Finkelstein and Lederman 1997 p 828 a b c d Mandal Thomas May 2011 Living With Settlers Interviews with Yanun villagers PDF World Council of Churches 17 Archived from the original PDF on June 1 2011 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Canaan 1927 p 285 Dauphin 1998 p 849 Ellenblum 2003 p 224 Pringle 1997 p 115 Hutteroth and Abdulfattah 1977 p 135 a b Hass Amira 2002 10 25 It s the pits Original in Haaretz reprinted by Ta ayush Archived from the original on 2008 11 20 Retrieved 2008 11 12 Guerin 1875 pp 6 8 Conder and Kitchener 1882 SWP II p 387 Barron 1923 Table IX Sub district of Nablus p 25 Mills 1932 p 66 Government of Palestine Department of Statistics 1945 p 19 Government of Palestine Department of Statistics Village Statistics April 1945 Quoted in Hadawi 1970 p 61 Government of Palestine Department of Statistics Village Statistics April 1945 Quoted in Hadawi 1970 p 158 Government of Palestine Department of Statistics Village Statistics April 1945 Quoted in Hadawi 1970 p 108 Government of Jordan Department of Statistics 1964 p 26 Aqraba Town Profile including Yanun Locality ARIJ p 16 a b c Lavie Aviv Avri Ran has a farm and Jewish followers in the West Bank But for his Arab neighbours it s a rule by force Ha aretz 2003 09 04 Chaim Levinson Israeli hilltop youth accuse their former hero of stealing settlers land at Haaretz 31 January 2013 Palestinians forced to abandon village BBC News 21 October 2002 Pedahzur and Perliger 2013 p 115 Vikram Sura No olive branch for Yanun at The Hindu October 12 2003 Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village Settlement Report Vol 12 No 6 November December 2002 Foundation for Middle East Peace a b Ferran Izquierdo Brichs El cor de la neteja etnica Relat d un viatge a Cisjordania i la Franja de Gaza in Belen Vicens coord L Orient Mitja en el punt de mira Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 2005 p 132 Shulman 2008 pp 8 107 108 181 2 Robert Blecher Living on the Edge The Threat of Transfer in Israel and Palestine in Beinin and Stein 2006 p 191 dates the evacuation to the day before Piling their furniture and personal belongings into a truck the last residents of Yanun abandoned their West Bank village on October 189 2002 Our life here is more bitter than hell said one villager lamenting years of attacks recently intensified from Israeli settlers living nearby In the past months rampaging bands had smashed windows destroyed water tanks burned the village s electric generator stolen sheep beaten villagers and shot at workers in the fields Reinhart 2006 p 176 Yizhar 2008 Afterword pp 127 128 On Friday 18 October 2002 the last remaining residents 17 families of Yanun village 10km south east of Nablus fled to the nearby village of Aqraba for fear of further settler violence Originally home to 25 families Yanun has for the last four years suffered from constant harassment and attacks from the settlers of Itamar settlement The settlers had set up a series of illegal outposts surrounding the village During October there was an increase in settler attacks due to the advent of the olive harvest Villagers reported that the settlers have been attacking the village on a weekly basis which has led to one death and several people injured The settlers they report have been entering the village at night on horseback with their faces covered have been firing at the village smashing windows breaking doors and they have cut off the village s water and electricity supplies Yanun s residents depend on agriculture and the olive harvest for their livelihood They reported that settlers had issued a direct threat ordering them not to harvest their olives or they would be shot at whenever they attempted to enter their fields Moreover farms have been attacked sheep poisoned crops burned and shepherds prevented from reaching the pastures to tend to their flocks Yanun is believed to be the first case in recent years in which the entire population of a village has fled to escape settler violence and intimidation As a result volunteers from the Israeli Palestinian organization Ta ayush Israeli volunteers and foreign volunteers from the International Solidarity Movement went to the area intending to stay a couple of weeks to give the villagers some protection and to encourage their return to Yanun Encouraged some families did decide to return However the presence of volunteers did not deter some settlers On Sunday 27 October the olive pickers were again attacked by settlers and four Palestinians including two children and four volunteers were reported injured Information from a team of NGO and UN staff who visited Yanun on 22 October OCHA OCHA Humanitarian Update Occupied Palestinian Territories 31 Oct 2002 Shulman 2008 pp 78 107 108 181 2 a b c d Settler attack on Yanoun leaves 5 injured EAPPI 9 July 2012 Shulman 2008 pp 107 113 Shulman 2008 p 109 a b c Amira Hass Lambs to the settlers slaughter screaming and unheard at Haaretz 5 August 2012 The Associated Press Palestinians claim Jewish settlers attack villagers killed livestock at Haaretz July 8 2012 a b Palestinian Jawdat Bani Jabir 43 years old stabbed and shot in settler attack near Nablus Archived 2013 04 17 at the Wayback Machine Ma an News Agency 7 July 2012 Settler attacks continue in Nablus area olive trees burned Ma an News Agency 9 October 2015 Amira Hass The anti Semitism that goes unreported Tens of thousands of people live in the shadow of terror at Haaretz 18 July 2012 McMahon 2010 pp 82 83 Ferran Izquierdo Brichs El cor de la neteja etnica Relat d un viatge a Cisjordania i la Franja de Gaza in Belen Vicens coord L Orient Mitja en el punt de mira Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona 2005 p 132 El poble de Yanun s ha convertit en l exemple mes visible de la politica de desestructuracio economica i d assetjament com a mecanismes de neteja etnica Irving 2012 p 229 If it weren t for the threats posed to it by Itamar Yanoun would seem an idyllic village Baltzer 2007 pp 41ff 43 Irving 2012 p 229Bibliography editBaltzer A 2007 Witness in Palestine A Jewish American Woman in the Occupied Territories Paradigm Publishers Barron J B ed 1923 Palestine Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 Government of Palestine Beinin J Stein Rebecca L eds 2006 The Struggle for Sovereignty Palestine And Israel 1993 2005 Stanford Studies in Middle Eastern and Islamic Societies and Cultures Stanford Univ Pr ISBN 0 8047 5364 4 Brichs Ferran Izquierdo 2005 El cor de la neteja etnica Relat d un viatge a Cisjordania i la Franja de Gaza In Belen Vicens ed L Orient Mitja en el punt de mira Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona pp 125 137 ISBN 978 8 449 02391 0 Canaan T 1927 Mohammedan Saints and Sanctuaries in Palestine London Luzac amp Co Conder C R Kitchener H H 1882 The Survey of Western Palestine Memoirs of the Topography Orography Hydrography and Archaeology Vol 2 London Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund Dauphin C 1998 La Palestine byzantine Peuplement et Populations BAR International Series 726 in French Vol III Catalogue Oxford Archeopress ISBN 0 860549 05 4 Ellenblum R 2003 Frankish Rural Settlement in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521521871 Finkelstein I Lederman Zvi eds 1997 Highlands of many cultures Tel Aviv Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section ISBN 965 440 007 3 Government of Jordan Department of Statistics 1964 First Census of Population and Housing Volume I Final Tables General Characteristics of the Population PDF Government of Palestine Department of Statistics 1945 Village Statistics April 1945 Guerin V 1875 Description Geographique Historique et Archeologique de la Palestine in French Vol 2 Samarie pt 2 Paris L Imprimerie Nationale Hadawi S 1970 Village Statistics of 1945 A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center Hutteroth Wolf Dieter Abdulfattah Kamal 1977 Historical Geography of Palestine Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten Sonderband 5 Erlangen Germany Vorstand der Frankischen Geographischen Gesellschaft ISBN 3 920405 41 2 Irving Sarah 2012 Palestine Bradt Travel Guides ISBN 9781841623672 Mandal Thomas 2011 Living With Settlers Interviews with Yanun villagers PDF World Council of Churches Archived from the original PDF on 2011 06 01 McMahon Sean 2010 The Discourse of Palestinian Israeli Relations Persistent Analytics and Practices Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 99548 1 Mills E ed 1932 Census of Palestine 1931 Population of Villages Towns and Administrative Areas Jerusalem Government of Palestine Palmer E H 1881 The Survey of Western Palestine Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener R E Transliterated and Explained by E H Palmer Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund Pedahzur Ami Perliger Arie 2009 Jewish Terrorism in Israel Columbia University Press ISBN 978 0231520751 Pringle D 1997 Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem an archaeological Gazetter Cambridge University Press ISBN 0521 46010 7 Reinhart T 2006 The Road Map to Nowhere Israel Palestine Since 2003 London New York Verso ISBN 1 84467 076 7 Robinson E Smith E 1856 Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and adjacent regions A Journal of Travels in the year 1852 London John Murray Saunders Trelawney William 1881 An Introduction to the Survey of Western Palestine Its Waterways Plains amp Highlands R Bentley and Son Khalili Hussein 2004 Yanoun In Josie Sandercock ed Peace under fire Israel Palestine and the International Solidarity Movement Verso pp 180 181 ISBN 978 1 844 67007 9 Shulman D D 2007 Dark Hope University of Chicago Press ISBN 9780226755809 Settlers Force Desertion of Yanun Village Settlement Report Vol 12 Foundation for Middle East Peace November December 2002 Yizhar S 2008 Khirbet Khizeh A Novel Translated Nicholas Robert Michael De Lange Yaacob Dweck Granta Publications ISBN 978 1847084248 External links editWelcome to Yanoun A Palestinian Village Under Siege by Israeli Settlers Archived 2014 12 18 at the Wayback Machine Welcome To Yanun Survey of Western Palestine Map 15 IAA Wikimedia commons Aqraba Town Profile including Yanun Locality Applied Research Institute Jerusalem ARIJ Yanun aerial photo ARIJ Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Yanun amp oldid 1216967513, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.