The Ōu Main Line (奥羽本線, Ōu-honsen) is a railway line in Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Fukushima Station through Akita Station to Aomori Station. Since the opening of the Yamagata Shinkansen on July 1, 1992, the Fukushima–Yamagata section (as well as the Yamagata–Shinjō section since 1999) is sometimes referred to as the Yamagata Line. The name of the line as a whole refers to the ancient provinces of Mutsu (陸奥) and Dewa (出羽), as it connects both ends of Mutsu by passing north–south through Dewa.
Ōu Main Line
Passing the moat of Yamagata Castle Site left: Narrow gauge right:Standard gauge
The Ōu Main Line is split into the following four sections. Due to the differences in the tracks of these sections, there are no trains that go through more than one (with the exception of an Akita–Shinjō connection). Local and rapid services on the line are generally operated by 701 series (entire line) and 719 series (Fukushima - Shinjō only) electric multiple unit trains.
Fukushima–Shinjō (148.6 km)
On this section, the Ōu Main Line shares the tracks with the Yamagata Shinkansen. The rail gauge is 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) to allow the Yamagata Shinkansen to run on it. The Ōu Main Line is known as the Yamagata Line on this section.
Shinjō–Ōmagari (98.4 km)
Crossing the Yamagata-Akita border, there is little demand in this section, and all trains except one limited-stop "Rapid" train run as all-stations "Local" trains.
Ōmagari–Akita (51.7 km)
On this section, the Ōu Main Line shares the tracks with the Akita Shinkansen. Because the Ōu Main Line occasionally runs from Akita to Shinjō as a local train, this section contains one standard gauge track and two narrow gauge tracks. Also, the few Komachi trains running on this section have the priority.
The Japanese national government built the Ōu Main Line, starting construction from Aomori in 1894, from Fukushima in 1899 and linking the two sections in 1905. In 1909 the formal name of the line was declared.
Opening dates for the individual sections are as follows.
Ōu North Line
December 1, 1894: Aomori–Hirosaki
October 21, 1895: Hirosaki–Ikarigaseki
June 21, 1899: Ikarigaseki–Shirasawa
November 15, 1899: Shirasawa–Ōdate
October 7, 1900: Ōdate–Takanosu
November 1, 1901: Takanosu–Noshiro (present-day Higashi–Noshiro)
August 1, 1902: Noshiro–Gojōme (present-day Hachirōgata)
October 21, 1902: Gojōme–Akita
October 1, 1903: Akita–Wada
August 21, 1904: Wada–Jingūji
December 21, 1904: Jingūji–Ōmagari
June 15, 1905: Ōmagari–Yokote
Ōu South Line
May 15, 1899: Fukushima–Yonezawa
April 11, 1901: Yonezawa–Yamagata
August 23, 1901: Yamagata–Tateoka (present-day Murayama)
October 21, 1901: Tateoka–Ōishida
July 21, 1902: Ōishida–Funagata
June 11, 1903: Funagata–Shinjō
October 21, 1904: Shinjō–Innai
July 5, 1905: Innai–Yuzawa
September 14, 1905: Yuzawa–Yokote, completion of Fukushima–Aomori connection
Line upgrading
Various sections of the line have been double-tracked since 1963.
The section between Niwasaka and Akaiwa stations proved to be geologically unstable, with one of the original tunnels collapsing in 1910. A realignment involving two new tunnels was opened a year later. Geological instability was suspected as the cause of a derailment on the section in 1948 that killed three crewmen, and another realignment was undertaken when the section was double-tracked in 1968.[citation needed]
Itaya station was originally a reversing station, and was realigned as a through station in conjunction with the gauge conversion work (see below) in 1990.
Electrification
The Fukushima to Yonezawa section was electrified at 1,500 V DC in 1949, and the Uzen-Chitose–Yamagata section in conjunction with the Senzan Line (also at 1,500 V DC) in 1960. Trials on the Senzan Line subsequently resulted in the adoption of 20 kV AC for all further electrification, and the abovementioned sections were converted to the new standard when the Yonezawa to Yamagata section was electrified in 1968. The Aomori to Akita section was electrified (at 20 kV AC) in 1971, as was the Akita to Uzen-Chitose section in 1975.[citation needed]
Former connecting lines
Akayu human-powered tramway
Kosaka Railway sulphuric acid train in its final year of operation
Kawabe station with a Konan Railway train bound for Kuroishi in 1997
Akayu Station: The Yamagata Prefectural Government operated a 2 km 610 mm (2') gauge human powered tramway between 1919 and 1926.
Oishida Station: The Obabazawa Railway opened a 3 km line to its namesake town in 1916, the line closed in 1970.
Yuzawa Station: The Ogachi Railway Co. opened a 12 km line to Zentsu, electrified at 600 V DC, between 1928 and 1935. The last 3 km section closed in 1967, the electrification was decommissioned in 1971 and the rest of the line closed in 1973.
Yokote Station: The Yokote Railway opened a 38 km line to Oikata between 1918 and 1930. Construction commenced on an extension to Maego station on the company's Yuri Kogen Railway Chokai Sanroku Line but was not completed. The 12 km section from Oikata to Niiyama was closed following typhoon damage in 1947, the 7 km section from Niiyama to Tateai closed in 1965 when a bridge was destroyed by floodwaters, and the balance of the line closed in 1971.
Akita Station: The 762 mm (2'6") gauge Nibetsu Forest Railway, consisting of a 22 km main line and five branches between 1.3 km and 5 km in length (and a 550 m tunnel) operated between 1909 and 1968.
Hachirogata Station: The Akita Chuo Kotsu operated a 4 km line to Gojome, electrified at 600 V DC, from 1922 until 1969.
Odate Station: The Kosaka Railway opened a 23 km 762 mm gauge line to its Kosaka Refinery in 1908, together with a 4 km branch from Shigenai to Kizawa the following year. Passenger services ceased on the Kizawa branch in 1926, and it closed in 1951. The 10 km Kosaka to Shigenai section was electrified in 1928, and extended 6 km in 1949, but was decommissioned when the line was converted to 1,067 mm gauge in 1962. Passenger services ended in 1994, and the remaining traffic was sulphuric acid, but following two major derailments the line closed in 2009.
The company also opened a 5 km 762 mm gauge line to the Hanaoka mine in 1914 including a bridge over the Ōu Main Line at Odate, which was converted to 1,067 mm gauge in 1951 to enable ore wagons to be forwarded via JNR trains. Freight services ceased in 1983 and the line closed in 1985.
Kawabe Station: The 7 km line to Kuroishi was opened in 1912, transferred to the Konan Railway in 1984, the year that freight services ceased, and closed in 1998.
Gauge conversion
Full standard Shinkansen lines are constructed using 1,435 mm gauge track on a separate alignment, with a high speed (240–320 km/h or 150–200 mph) and a commensurately high construction cost. Following privatisation and regionalisation of the JNR network in 1987, the JR East company decided to convert the Fukushima–Yamagata section of the 1,067 mm gauge Ōu Main line to 1,435 mm gauge, enabling Shinkansen trains from Yamagata to travel on the Tohoku Shinkansen line through to Tokyo. Called Mini-shinkansen, this was a cost-effective way of providing an improved level of service on the line, although only purpose-built Shinkansen trains can travel on such lines, as the loading gauge was not changed, nor the voltage (full standard Shinkansen lines use 25 kV AC). The Yamagata Shinkansen opened in 1992, and although the maximum speed is 130 km/h (81 mph), the overall transit time to places beyond Fukushima is improved due to the elimination of the need to change trains at the junction.
The success of this project led to the conversion of the Omagari to Akita section in conjunction with the opening of the Akita Shinkansen in 1997, and the extension of the Yamagata Shinkansen to Shinjo in 1999. These projects also created parallel 1,435 and 1,067 mm gauge lines between Omagari and Akita and between Yamagata and Uzen-Chitose respectively, and a dual-gauge section between Jinguji and Minejoshikawa (on the Omagari to Akita section), enabling Shinkansen trains to pass at speed on the mostly single-track line.
Additionally, local services continue to be provided on the gauge-converted lines by 701-5000 series standard-gauge suburban/interurban rolling stock.
Notes
^Rapid Resort Shirakami doesn't stop at the station
References
External links
Stations of Ōu Main Line Line (JR East) (in Japanese)
January 30, 2023
main, line, this, article, does, cite, sources, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, 2022, learn, when, remove, this, templ. This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Ōu Main Line news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Ōu Main Line 奥羽本線 Ōu honsen is a railway line in Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company JR East It connects Fukushima Station through Akita Station to Aomori Station Since the opening of the Yamagata Shinkansen on July 1 1992 the Fukushima Yamagata section as well as the Yamagata Shinjō section since 1999 is sometimes referred to as the Yamagata Line The name of the line as a whole refers to the ancient provinces of Mutsu 陸奥 and Dewa 出羽 as it connects both ends of Mutsu by passing north south through Dewa Ōu Main LinePassing the moat of Yamagata Castle Site left Narrow gauge right Standard gaugeOverviewNative name奥羽本線StatusOperatingOwnerJR EastTerminiFukushimaAomoriStations102ServiceTypeMain lineSystemJR EastTechnicalTrack length486 3 km 302 2 mi Number of tracks2CharacterElevated ruralTrack gauge1 067 mm 3 ft 6 in 1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in Electrification20 kV AC 50 HzRoute mapRed indicates standard gauge tracks Contents 1 Route data 2 Services 2 1 Fukushima Shinjō 148 6 km 2 2 Shinjō Ōmagari 98 4 km 2 3 Ōmagari Akita 51 7 km 2 4 Akita Aomori 185 8 km 3 Station list 4 History 4 1 Ōu North Line 4 2 Ōu South Line 4 3 Line upgrading 4 4 Electrification 4 5 Former connecting lines 5 Gauge conversion 6 Notes 7 References 8 External linksRoute data EditEast Japan Railway Company Total distance 486 3 km 302 2 mi Fukushima Aomori Tsuchizaki Akitakō East Japan Railway Company 484 5 km 301 1 mi Fukushima Aomori Japan Freight Railway Company 1 8 km 1 1 mi Tsuchizaki Akitakō 256 2 km 159 2 mi Yokote Aomori 4 8 km 3 0 mi Aomori Aomori Stoplight Station Rail Gauge 1 067 mm 3 ft 6 in Shinjō Ōmagari Akita Aomori 1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in Fukushima Yamagata Uzen Chitose Shinjō Both 1 067 mm 3 ft 6 in 1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in Yamagata Uzen Chitose Ōmagari Akita Stations 102 including freight stations Tracks Dual track Fukushima Sekine 1968 91 Akayu Akayu Stoplight Station 1968 Uzen Nakayama Uzen Chitose 1968 86 Ashisawa Funagata 1975 Nozoki Innai 1968 Ōmagari Oiwake 1963 94 Ugo Iizuka Hachirōgata 1969 Kado Moritake 1967 Tsurugata Maeyama 1969 71 Takanosu Hayaguchi 1969 Ōdate Nagamine 1968 71 Ishikawa Kawabe 1967 70 Single track Sekine Akayu Akayu Stoplight Station Uzen Nakayama Uzen Chitose Ashisawa Funagata Nozoki Innai Ōmagari Oiwake Ugo Iizuka Hachirōgata Kado Moritake Tsurugata Maeyama Takanosu Hayaguchi Ōdate Nagamine Ishikawa Kawabe Aomori Electrification All alternating current 20 000 V 50 Hz Block system Automatic block system except Tsuchizaki Akitakō section gearing block system Depots Yamagata AkitaServices EditThe Ōu Main Line is split into the following four sections Due to the differences in the tracks of these sections there are no trains that go through more than one with the exception of an Akita Shinjō connection Local and rapid services on the line are generally operated by 701 series entire line and 719 series Fukushima Shinjō only electric multiple unit trains Fukushima Shinjō 148 6 km Edit On this section the Ōu Main Line shares the tracks with the Yamagata Shinkansen The rail gauge is 1 435 mm 4 ft 8 1 2 in to allow the Yamagata Shinkansen to run on it The Ōu Main Line is known as the Yamagata Line on this section Shinjō Ōmagari 98 4 km Edit Crossing the Yamagata Akita border there is little demand in this section and all trains except one limited stop Rapid train run as all stations Local trains Ōmagari Akita 51 7 km Edit On this section the Ōu Main Line shares the tracks with the Akita Shinkansen Because the Ōu Main Line occasionally runs from Akita to Shinjō as a local train this section contains one standard gauge track and two narrow gauge tracks Also the few Komachi trains running on this section have the priority Akita Aomori 185 8 km Edit Together with the San in Main Line Maizuru Line Obama Line Hokuriku Main Line including the IR Ishikawa Railway Ainokaze Toyama Railway and the Nihonkai Hisui Line part of the Shinetsu Main Line including the Myoko Haneuma Line Hakushin Line and the Uetsu Main Line this section of the Ōu Main Line is one of the express lines and freight lines that make up the Nihonkai Jukan sen Sea of Japan Trans Japan Line Station list EditStation Japanese Distance km Rapid Transfers LocationFukushima 福島 0 0 Tōhoku Shinkansen Yamagata Shinkansen Tōhoku Main Line Abukuma Express Line Fukushima Kōtsu Iizaka Line Fukushima Fukushima PrefectureSasakino 笹木野 3 8Niwasaka 庭坂 6 9Itaya 板谷 21 2 Yonezawa Yamagata PrefectureTōge 峠 24 5Ōsawa 大沢 28 8Sekine 関根 34 8Yonezawa 米沢 40 1 Yamagata Shinkansen Yonesaka LineOitama 置賜 45 6Takahata 高畠 49 9 Yamagata Shinkansen TakahataAkayu 赤湯 56 1 Yamagata Shinkansen Flower Nagai Line NanyōNakagawa 中川 64 4Uzen Nakayama 羽前中山 68 3 KaminoyamaKaminoyama Onsen かみのやま温泉 75 0 Yamagata ShinkansenMokichi Kinenkan mae 茂吉記念館前 77 8Zaō 蔵王 81 8 YamagataYamagata 山形 87 1 Yamagata Shinkansen Senzan Line Aterazawa LineKita Yamagata 北山形 89 0 Senzan Line Aterazawa LineUzen Chitose 羽前千歳 91 9 Senzan LineMinami Dewa 南出羽 93 6Urushiyama 漆山 94 9Takatama 高擶 97 0 TendōTendō Minami 天童南 98 3Tendō 天童 100 4 Yamagata ShinkansenMidaregawa 乱川 103 4Jimmachi 神町 106 3 HigashineSakuranbo Higashine さくらんぼ東根 108 1 Yamagata ShinkansenHigashine 東根 110 6Murayama 村山 113 5 Yamagata Shinkansen MurayamaSodesaki 袖崎 121 5Ōishida 大石田 126 9 Yamagata Shinkansen ŌishidaKita Ōishida 北大石田 130 8Ashisawa 芦沢 133 7 ObanazawaFunagata 舟形 140 3 FunagataShinjō 新庄 148 6 Yamagata Shinkansen Rikuu East Line Rikuu West Line ShinjōIzumita 泉田 154 2Uzen Toyosato 羽前豊里 161 3 SakegawaMamurogawa 真室川 164 0 MamurogawaKamabuchi 釜淵 173 2Ōtaki 大滝 180 3Nozoki 及位 185 8Innai 院内 194 4 Yuzawa Akita PrefectureYokobori 横堀 198 4Mitsuseki 三関 204 4Kami Yuzawa 上湯沢 207 1Yuzawa 湯沢 210 4 Shimo Yuzawa 下湯沢 214 5 Jumonji 十文字 217 8 YokoteDaigo 醍醐 221 2 Yanagita 柳田 224 4 Yokote 横手 228 3 Kitakami LineGosannen 後三年 234 7 MisatoIizume 飯詰 239 8 Ōmagari 大曲 247 0 Akita Shinkansen Tazawako Line DaisenJinguji 神宮寺 253 0 Kariwano 刈和野 260 6 Mineyoshikawa 峰吉川 265 4 Ugo Sakai 羽後境 271 9 Ōbarino 大張野 280 0 AkitaWada 和田 285 4 Yotsugoya 四ツ小屋 292 3 Akita 秋田 298 7 Akita Shinkansen Uetsu Main Line Oga LineIzumi Sotoasahikawa 泉外旭川 301 8 a Tsuchizaki 土崎 305 8 Kami Iijima 上飯島 308 3 Oiwake 追分 311 7 Oga LineŌkubo 大久保 318 9 KatagamiUgo izuka 羽後飯塚 322 2 Ikawa Sakura 井川さくら 323 6 IkawaHachirōgata 八郎潟 327 5 HachirōgataKoikawa 鯉川 333 0 KotookaKado 鹿渡 338 4 Moritake 森岳 345 1 YamamotoKita Kanaoka 北金岡 349 4 Higashi Noshiro 東能代 355 4 Gonō Line NoshiroTsurugata 鶴形 360 3 Tomine 富根 365 5 Futatsui 二ツ井 372 2 Maeyama 前山 379 5 Kita AkitaTakanosu 鷹巣 384 9 Akita Nairiku LineNukazawa 糠沢 388 1 Hayaguchi 早口 393 5 ŌdateShimokawazoi 下川沿 397 7 Ōdate 大館 402 9 Hanawa LineShirasawa 白沢 409 4 Jinba 陣場 416 5 Tsugaru Yunosawa 津軽湯の沢 422 3 Hirakawa Aomori PrefectureIkarigaseki 碇ヶ関 427 2 Nagamine 長峰 432 0 ŌwaniŌwani Onsen 大鰐温泉 435 3 Kōnan Railway Ōwani LineIshikawa 石川 440 7 HirosakiHirosaki 弘前 447 1 Kōnan Railway Kōnan LineNaijōshi 撫牛子 449 8 Kawabe 川部 453 4 Gonō Line InakadateKita Tokiwa 北常盤 456 6 FujisakiNamioka 浪岡 462 1 AomoriDaishaka 大釈迦 467 2 Tsurugasaka 鶴ヶ坂 473 4 Tsugaru Shinjō 津軽新城 478 8 Shin Aomori 新青森 480 6 Tōhoku Shinkansen Hokkaido ShinkansenAomori 青森 484 5 Tsugaru Line Tsugaru Kaikyō Line Aoimori Railway LineHistory EditThe Japanese national government built the Ōu Main Line starting construction from Aomori in 1894 from Fukushima in 1899 and linking the two sections in 1905 In 1909 the formal name of the line was declared Opening dates for the individual sections are as follows Ōu North Line Edit December 1 1894 Aomori Hirosaki October 21 1895 Hirosaki Ikarigaseki June 21 1899 Ikarigaseki Shirasawa November 15 1899 Shirasawa Ōdate October 7 1900 Ōdate Takanosu November 1 1901 Takanosu Noshiro present day Higashi Noshiro August 1 1902 Noshiro Gojōme present day Hachirōgata October 21 1902 Gojōme Akita October 1 1903 Akita Wada August 21 1904 Wada Jinguji December 21 1904 Jinguji Ōmagari June 15 1905 Ōmagari YokoteŌu South Line Edit May 15 1899 Fukushima Yonezawa April 11 1901 Yonezawa Yamagata August 23 1901 Yamagata Tateoka present day Murayama October 21 1901 Tateoka Ōishida July 21 1902 Ōishida Funagata June 11 1903 Funagata Shinjō October 21 1904 Shinjō Innai July 5 1905 Innai Yuzawa September 14 1905 Yuzawa Yokote completion of Fukushima Aomori connectionLine upgrading Edit Various sections of the line have been double tracked since 1963 The section between Niwasaka and Akaiwa stations proved to be geologically unstable with one of the original tunnels collapsing in 1910 A realignment involving two new tunnels was opened a year later Geological instability was suspected as the cause of a derailment on the section in 1948 that killed three crewmen and another realignment was undertaken when the section was double tracked in 1968 citation needed Itaya station was originally a reversing station and was realigned as a through station in conjunction with the gauge conversion work see below in 1990 Electrification Edit The Fukushima to Yonezawa section was electrified at 1 500 V DC in 1949 and the Uzen Chitose Yamagata section in conjunction with the Senzan Line also at 1 500 V DC in 1960 Trials on the Senzan Line subsequently resulted in the adoption of 20 kV AC for all further electrification and the abovementioned sections were converted to the new standard when the Yonezawa to Yamagata section was electrified in 1968 The Aomori to Akita section was electrified at 20 kV AC in 1971 as was the Akita to Uzen Chitose section in 1975 citation needed Former connecting lines Edit Akayu human powered tramway Kosaka Railway sulphuric acid train in its final year of operation Kawabe station with a Konan Railway train bound for Kuroishi in 1997 Akayu Station The Yamagata Prefectural Government operated a 2 km 610 mm 2 gauge human powered tramway between 1919 and 1926 Oishida Station The Obabazawa Railway opened a 3 km line to its namesake town in 1916 the line closed in 1970 Yuzawa Station The Ogachi Railway Co opened a 12 km line to Zentsu electrified at 600 V DC between 1928 and 1935 The last 3 km section closed in 1967 the electrification was decommissioned in 1971 and the rest of the line closed in 1973 Yokote Station The Yokote Railway opened a 38 km line to Oikata between 1918 and 1930 Construction commenced on an extension to Maego station on the company s Yuri Kogen Railway Chokai Sanroku Line but was not completed The 12 km section from Oikata to Niiyama was closed following typhoon damage in 1947 the 7 km section from Niiyama to Tateai closed in 1965 when a bridge was destroyed by floodwaters and the balance of the line closed in 1971 Akita Station The 762 mm 2 6 gauge Nibetsu Forest Railway consisting of a 22 km main line and five branches between 1 3 km and 5 km in length and a 550 m tunnel operated between 1909 and 1968 Hachirogata Station The Akita Chuo Kotsu operated a 4 km line to Gojome electrified at 600 V DC from 1922 until 1969 Odate Station The Kosaka Railway opened a 23 km 762 mm gauge line to its Kosaka Refinery in 1908 together with a 4 km branch from Shigenai to Kizawa the following year Passenger services ceased on the Kizawa branch in 1926 and it closed in 1951 The 10 km Kosaka to Shigenai section was electrified in 1928 and extended 6 km in 1949 but was decommissioned when the line was converted to 1 067 mm gauge in 1962 Passenger services ended in 1994 and the remaining traffic was sulphuric acid but following two major derailments the line closed in 2009 The company also opened a 5 km 762 mm gauge line to the Hanaoka mine in 1914 including a bridge over the Ōu Main Line at Odate which was converted to 1 067 mm gauge in 1951 to enable ore wagons to be forwarded via JNR trains Freight services ceased in 1983 and the line closed in 1985 Kawabe Station The 7 km line to Kuroishi was opened in 1912 transferred to the Konan Railway in 1984 the year that freight services ceased and closed in 1998 Gauge conversion EditFull standard Shinkansen lines are constructed using 1 435 mm gauge track on a separate alignment with a high speed 240 320 km h or 150 200 mph and a commensurately high construction cost Following privatisation and regionalisation of the JNR network in 1987 the JR East company decided to convert the Fukushima Yamagata section of the 1 067 mm gauge Ōu Main line to 1 435 mm gauge enabling Shinkansen trains from Yamagata to travel on the Tohoku Shinkansen line through to Tokyo Called Mini shinkansen this was a cost effective way of providing an improved level of service on the line although only purpose built Shinkansen trains can travel on such lines as the loading gauge was not changed nor the voltage full standard Shinkansen lines use 25 kV AC The Yamagata Shinkansen opened in 1992 and although the maximum speed is 130 km h 81 mph the overall transit time to places beyond Fukushima is improved due to the elimination of the need to change trains at the junction The success of this project led to the conversion of the Omagari to Akita section in conjunction with the opening of the Akita Shinkansen in 1997 and the extension of the Yamagata Shinkansen to Shinjo in 1999 These projects also created parallel 1 435 and 1 067 mm gauge lines between Omagari and Akita and between Yamagata and Uzen Chitose respectively and a dual gauge section between Jinguji and Minejoshikawa on the Omagari to Akita section enabling Shinkansen trains to pass at speed on the mostly single track line Additionally local services continue to be provided on the gauge converted lines by 701 5000 series standard gauge suburban interurban rolling stock Notes Edit Rapid Resort Shirakami doesn t stop at the stationReferences EditExternal links EditStations of Ōu Main Line Line JR East in Japanese Retrieved from https en wikipedia org 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