Xu Da (1332–1385), courtesy nameTiande, was a Chinese military general and politician who lived in the late Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty. He was a friend of the Hongwu Emperor, the founder and first ruler of the Ming dynasty, and assisted him in overthrowing the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty and establishing the Ming dynasty. He was also the father of Empress Xu, who married the third Ming ruler, the Yongle Emperor.
Xu Da was described as a stalwart man with slim face and high cheekbones, he joined the Red Turban rebels in 1353 to overthrow the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty in China. Xu served as a general under Zhu Yuanzhang, a prominent rebel leader, and assisted him in defeating other rival warlords and opposing forces. In 1368, the year when the Ming dynasty was founded, Xu Da and other Ming generals led an attack on Khanbaliq (present-day Beijing), the Yuan capital, and forced the last Yuan ruler, Toghon Temür, to flee northward.[1]
Xu Da led a pursuit on the retreating Yuan forces and encountered Taejo of Joseon, the founder of the Korean Joseon dynasty, who was ordered by the Mongols to attack the Ming army. Xu Da's presence struck fear into the Korean generals, who in turn, allied themselves with the Ming forces instead. Afterwards, Xu Da's army entered Mongol territory, routed Mongol reinforcements, sacked the Mongol capital at Karakorum,[1] and captured thousands of Mongol nobles in 1370. His army ventured to Transbaikalia and reached further north than any other Chinese army had ever before.[1]
Xu Da died in 1385 under mysterious circumstances. He was not accused of plotting an assassination on the Hongwu Emperor – although many other generals who contributed heavily to the founding of the Ming dynasty were put to death by the emperor for allegedly plotting rebellions. According to legend, Xu Da was allergic to goose, so the Hongwu Emperor sent him a goose dish and ordered the emissary to ensure that Xu ate it and died.[2] This statement is not a fact, but a rumor. Xu Da died of natural illness. His family was still very prominent in the Ming dynasty.
Family
Wives and Issue:
Lady, of the Zhang clan (張氏)
Lady, of the Xie clan (謝氏), daughter of Xie Zaixing (謝再興)
Xu Huizu (徐輝祖; 1368–1407), 1st son
Xu Zengshou (徐增壽; d. 1402), 3rd son
Xu Yihua, Empress Renxiaowen (仁孝文皇后 徐儀華; 5 March 1362 – 6 August 1407), 1st daughter
Married Zhu Di, the future Emperor Yongle, in 1736 and had issue.(4 daughters and 3 sons)
Lady, of the Sun clan (孫氏)
Xu Yingxu (徐膺緒; 1372 – 2 March 1416), 4th son
Lady, of the Jia clan (賈氏)
Unknown name/Posible to be Xu Miaojin (徐妙锦), 4th daughter
Xu Da appears as a minor character in Louis Cha's wuxia novel The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber. As a member of the anti-YuanMing Cult, Xu Da participated actively in the rebellions to overthrow the Yuan dynasty under the leadership of Zhang Wuji. Zhang passes Xu the Book of Wumu, a text on military strategy written by the Song dynasty general Yue Fei. Xu benefits greatly from reading the book, becomes a brilliant military commander, and assists Zhu Yuanzhang in overthrowing the Yuan dynasty and establishing the Ming dynasty.
1332, 1385, courtesy, name, tiande, chinese, military, general, politician, lived, late, yuan, dynasty, early, ming, dynasty, friend, hongwu, emperor, founder, first, ruler, ming, dynasty, assisted, overthrowing, mongol, yuan, dynasty, establishing, ming, dyna. Xu Da 1332 1385 courtesy name Tiande was a Chinese military general and politician who lived in the late Yuan dynasty and early Ming dynasty He was a friend of the Hongwu Emperor the founder and first ruler of the Ming dynasty and assisted him in overthrowing the Mongol led Yuan dynasty and establishing the Ming dynasty He was also the father of Empress Xu who married the third Ming ruler the Yongle Emperor Xu Da徐達Portrait of Xu DaGrand Councilor of the LeftIn office 1371 1371Preceded byLi ShanchangSucceeded byHu WeiyongGrand Councilor of the RightIn office 1368 1371Preceded byOffice establishedSucceeded byWang GuangyangPersonal detailsBorn1332Zhishun 3 至順三年 Yongfeng Township Zhongli County Hao Prefecture Anfeng Lu Henan Jiangbei ProvinceDied1385 aged 52 53 Hongwu 18 洪武十八年 Yingtian PrefectureSpousesLady ZhangLady XieLady SunLady JiaChildrenXu HuizuXu TianfuXu ZengshouXu YingxuEmpress XuPrimary consort of Zhu Gui Prince of DaiPrimary consort of Zhu Ying Prince of AnOccupationGeneral politicianDuke of Wei 魏國公 Tenure1370 1385SuccessorXu HuizuIn this Chinese name the family name is Xu Contents 1 Biography 2 Family 3 Ancestry 4 In fiction 5 ReferencesBiography EditXu Da was described as a stalwart man with slim face and high cheekbones he joined the Red Turban rebels in 1353 to overthrow the Mongol led Yuan dynasty in China Xu served as a general under Zhu Yuanzhang a prominent rebel leader and assisted him in defeating other rival warlords and opposing forces In 1368 the year when the Ming dynasty was founded Xu Da and other Ming generals led an attack on Khanbaliq present day Beijing the Yuan capital and forced the last Yuan ruler Toghon Temur to flee northward 1 Xu Da led a pursuit on the retreating Yuan forces and encountered Taejo of Joseon the founder of the Korean Joseon dynasty who was ordered by the Mongols to attack the Ming army Xu Da s presence struck fear into the Korean generals who in turn allied themselves with the Ming forces instead Afterwards Xu Da s army entered Mongol territory routed Mongol reinforcements sacked the Mongol capital at Karakorum 1 and captured thousands of Mongol nobles in 1370 His army ventured to Transbaikalia and reached further north than any other Chinese army had ever before 1 Xu Da died in 1385 under mysterious circumstances He was not accused of plotting an assassination on the Hongwu Emperor although many other generals who contributed heavily to the founding of the Ming dynasty were put to death by the emperor for allegedly plotting rebellions According to legend Xu Da was allergic to goose so the Hongwu Emperor sent him a goose dish and ordered the emissary to ensure that Xu ate it and died 2 This statement is not a fact but a rumor Xu Da died of natural illness His family was still very prominent in the Ming dynasty Family EditWives and Issue Lady of the Zhang clan 張氏 Lady of the Xie clan 謝氏 daughter of Xie Zaixing 謝再興 Xu Huizu 徐輝祖 1368 1407 1st son Xu Zengshou 徐增壽 d 1402 3rd son Xu Yihua Empress Renxiaowen 仁孝文皇后 徐儀華 5 March 1362 6 August 1407 1st daughter Married Zhu Di the future Emperor Yongle in 1736 and had issue 4 daughters and 3 sons Lady of the Sun clan 孫氏 Xu Yingxu 徐膺緒 1372 2 March 1416 4th son Lady of the Jia clan 賈氏 Unknown name Posible to be Xu Miaojin 徐妙锦 4th daughter Unknown Xu Tianfu 徐添福 2nd son died young Lady Xu 徐氏 d 1427 2nd daughter Married Zhu Gui son of Hongwu Emperor and had issue 3 sons Lady Xu 徐氏 d 1449 3rd daughter Married Zhu Ying Prince of Ai son of Hongwu EmperorAncestry EditXu WusiXu SiqiLady HeXu LiusiLady ZhouXu Da 1332 1385 Lady CaiIn fiction EditSee also List of The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber characters Xu Da appears as a minor character in Louis Cha s wuxia novel The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber As a member of the anti Yuan Ming Cult Xu Da participated actively in the rebellions to overthrow the Yuan dynasty under the leadership of Zhang Wuji Zhang passes Xu the Book of Wumu a text on military strategy written by the Song dynasty general Yue Fei Xu benefits greatly from reading the book becomes a brilliant military commander and assists Zhu Yuanzhang in overthrowing the Yuan dynasty and establishing the Ming dynasty References Edit a b c Xu Da Encyclopaedia Britannica 2008 Encyclopaedia Britannica Online 09 Oct 2008 Deng YinkeHistory of China Beijing China Intercontinental Press 2007 ISBN 978 7 5085 1098 9 pp 131 132 Political officesPreceded byLi Shanchang Grand Councilor of the Left1371 Succeeded byHu WeiyongPreceded byFirst Grand Councilor of the Right1368 1371 Succeeded byWang GuangyangChinese royaltyPreceded byNew title Duke of Wei1370 1385 Succeeded byXu Huizu Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Xu Da amp oldid 1121503285, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
