This system is unusual in that the stars are not typically referred to as components A & B, but are designated based on their positions in the sky: XO-2N is the northern star and XO-2S is the southern star.
Both of the stars are slightly cooler than the Sun and are nearly identical to each other. The system has a magnitude of 11 and cannot be seen with the naked eye but is visible through a small telescope. These stars are also notable for their large proper motions.[7][8]
XO-2N and XO-2S have a separation of approximately 4,600 AU.[3]
Planetary systemsedit
There is one confirmed exoplanet orbiting XO-2N. XO-2Nb, which is classified as a hot Jupiter, was discovered by the XO Telescope using the transit method around XO-2N in 2007. It was initially the only known planet in the system and was referred to as XO-2b.[3] A long-period variation in the radial velocity of XO-2N was detected in 2015, which could be explained by either a second planet or a stellar activity cycle. The stellar activity explanation is considered more likely,[6] and is further supported by a 2024 study.[10]
Two planets were reported to orbit around XO-2S in 2014 using the radial velocity method. One of them is Jupiter-mass and another has a mass comparable to Saturn.[9] A 2024 study found evidence for a third, super-Jupiter mass planet around XO-2S.[10]
^Roman, Nancy G. (1987). "Identification of a Constellation From a Position". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 99 (617): 695–699. Bibcode:1987PASP...99..695R. doi:10.1086/132034. Vizier query form
^ abcdeVallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
^ abcdeBurke, Christopher J.; et al. (2007). "XO-2b: Transiting Hot Jupiter in a Metal-rich Common Proper Motion Binary". The Astrophysical Journal. 671 (2): 2115–2128. arXiv:0705.0003. Bibcode:2007ApJ...671.2115B. doi:10.1086/523087. S2CID 13468914.
^ abcdeVallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
^ abBenavides, Rafael; Francisco Rica; Esteban Reina; Julio Castellanos; Ramón Naves; Luis Lahuerta; Salvador Lahuerta (2010). "New Wide Common Proper Motion Binaries". Journal of Double Star Observations. 6 (1): 30. Bibcode:2010JDSO....6...30B.
^ abcDamasso, M.; et al. (2015). "The GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG. V. A comprehensive analysis of the XO-2 stellar and planetary systems". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 575 A111. arXiv:1501.01424. Bibcode:2015A&A...575A.111D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201425332.
^ abDesidera, S.; et al. (2014). "The GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG. IV. A planetary system around XO-2S". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 567 (6) L6. arXiv:1407.0251. Bibcode:2014A&A...567L...6D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201424339. S2CID 118567085.
^ abcRuggieri, A.; Desidera, S.; et al. (April 2024). "The GAPS Programme at TNG. LIII. New insights on the peculiar XO-2 system". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 684: A116. arXiv:2401.17876. Bibcode:2024A&A...684A.116R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348042.
Further readingedit
Fernandez, Jose M.; et al. (2009). "The Transit Light Curve Project. XII. Six Transits of the Exoplanet XO-2b". The Astronomical Journal. 137 (6): 4911–4916. arXiv:0903.2687. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.4911F. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/6/4911. S2CID 7113991.
Narita, Norio; et al. (2011). "XO-2b: a Prograde Planet with a Negligible Eccentricity and an Additional Radial Velocity Variation". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (6): L67–L71. arXiv:1110.6136. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63L..67N. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.6.l67. S2CID 119269227.
Sing, D. K.; et al. (2011). "Gran Telescopio Canarias OSIRIS transiting exoplanet atmospheric survey: detection of potassium in XO-2b from narrowband spectrophotometry". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 527 A73. arXiv:1008.4795. Bibcode:2011A&A...527A..73S. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015579. S2CID 56545385.
External linksedit
NASA PlanetQuest:
. Exoplanets. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
April 27, 2024
other, uses, disambiguation, binary, star, system, about, light, years, parsecs, away, constellation, lynx, consists, components, both, which, host, planetary, systems, observation, dataepoch, j2000, equinox, j2000, constellation, lynx, right, ascension, 4814s. For other uses see XO 2 disambiguation XO 2 is a binary star system about 490 light years 150 parsecs away in the constellation Lynx It consists of two components XO 2N and XO 2S both of which host planetary systems 9 XO 2 Observation dataEpoch J2000 Equinox J2000 Constellation Lynx 1 XO 2S Right ascension 07h 48m 07 4814s 2 Declination 50 13 03 2554 2 Apparent magnitude V 11 12 0 03 3 XO 2N Right ascension 07h 48m 06 4723s 4 Declination 50 13 32 9206 4 Apparent magnitude V 11 18 0 03 3 Characteristics Spectral type K0V K0V 3 AstrometryXO 2SRadial velocity Rv 46 94 0 27 2 km sProper motion m RA 29 308 15 mas yr 2 Dec 154 233 13 mas yr 2 Parallax p 6 6721 0 0151 mas 2 Distance489 1 ly 149 9 0 3 pc Absolute magnitude MV 5 74 5 XO 2NRadial velocity Rv 47 45 0 44 4 km sProper motion m RA 29 552 15 mas yr 4 Dec 154 227 11 mas yr 4 Parallax p 6 6588 0 0158 mas 4 Distance490 1 ly 150 2 0 4 pc Absolute magnitude MV 5 74 5 Details 6 XO 2SMass0 98 0 05 M Radius1 02 0 09 0 06 R Luminosity0 79 0 14 L Surface gravity log g 4 420 0 094 cgsTemperature5 325 37 KMetallicity Fe H 0 32 0 08 dexRotation26 0 0 6 dRotational velocity v sin i 1 5 0 3 km sAge7 1 2 5 2 9 GyrXO 2NMass0 96 0 05 M Radius0 998 0 033 0 032 R Luminosity0 70 0 04 L Surface gravity log g 4 43 0 10 cgsTemperature5 290 18 KMetallicity Fe H 0 37 0 07 dexRotation41 6 1 1 dRotational velocity v sin i 1 07 0 09 km sAge7 8 1 2 1 3 Gyr Other designationsXO 2S LSPM J0748 5013S TYC 3413 210 1 GSC 03413 00210 2MASS J07480748 5013032 7 XO 2N BD 50 1471 LSPM J0748 5013N TOI 1720 TIC 356473034 TYC 3413 5 1 GSC 03413 00005 2MASS J07480647 5013328 8 Database referencesSIMBADXO 2SXO 2N Contents 1 Star system 2 Planetary systems 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksStar system editThis system is unusual in that the stars are not typically referred to as components A amp B but are designated based on their positions in the sky XO 2N is the northern star and XO 2S is the southern star Both of the stars are slightly cooler than the Sun and are nearly identical to each other The system has a magnitude of 11 and cannot be seen with the naked eye but is visible through a small telescope These stars are also notable for their large proper motions 7 8 XO 2N and XO 2S have a separation of approximately 4 600 AU 3 Planetary systems editThere is one confirmed exoplanet orbiting XO 2N XO 2Nb which is classified as a hot Jupiter was discovered by the XO Telescope using the transit method around XO 2N in 2007 It was initially the only known planet in the system and was referred to as XO 2b 3 A long period variation in the radial velocity of XO 2N was detected in 2015 which could be explained by either a second planet or a stellar activity cycle The stellar activity explanation is considered more likely 6 and is further supported by a 2024 study 10 Two planets were reported to orbit around XO 2S in 2014 using the radial velocity method One of them is Jupiter mass and another has a mass comparable to Saturn 9 A 2024 study found evidence for a third super Jupiter mass planet around XO 2S 10 The XO 2N planetary system 6 Companion in order from star Mass Semimajor axis AU Orbital period days Eccentricity Inclination Radius b 0 597 0 021 M J 0 03673 64 2 615859 22 28 lt 0 006 87 96 0 42 0 34 1 019 0 031 R J The XO 2S planetary system 10 Companion in order from star Mass Semimajor axis AU Orbital period days Eccentricity Inclination Radius b 0 26 0 01 M J 0 1347 0 0025 18 220 0 001 0 15 0 02 c 1 38 0 05 M J 0 4737 0 0085 0 0088 120 059 0 013 0 149 0 006 d 3 71 1 2 0 51 M J 5 46 0 85 0 40 4 696 1 133 489 0 091 0 028 0 018 See also editHD 20781 and HD 20782 HD 133131 Lists of exoplanetsReferences edit Roman Nancy G 1987 Identification of a Constellation From a Position Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 99 617 695 699 Bibcode 1987PASP 99 695R doi 10 1086 132034 Vizier query form a b c d e Vallenari A et al Gaia collaboration 2023 Gaia Data Release 3 Summary of the content and survey properties Astronomy and Astrophysics 674 A1 arXiv 2208 00211 Bibcode 2023A amp A 674A 1G doi 10 1051 0004 6361 202243940 S2CID 244398875 Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR a b c d e Burke Christopher J et al 2007 XO 2b Transiting Hot Jupiter in a Metal rich Common Proper Motion Binary The Astrophysical Journal 671 2 2115 2128 arXiv 0705 0003 Bibcode 2007ApJ 671 2115B doi 10 1086 523087 S2CID 13468914 a b c d e Vallenari A et al Gaia collaboration 2023 Gaia Data Release 3 Summary of the content and survey properties Astronomy and Astrophysics 674 A1 arXiv 2208 00211 Bibcode 2023A amp A 674A 1G doi 10 1051 0004 6361 202243940 S2CID 244398875 Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR a b Benavides Rafael Francisco Rica Esteban Reina Julio Castellanos Ramon Naves Luis Lahuerta Salvador Lahuerta 2010 New Wide Common Proper Motion Binaries Journal of Double Star Observations 6 1 30 Bibcode 2010JDSO 6 30B a b c Damasso M et al 2015 The GAPS programme with HARPS N at TNG V A comprehensive analysis of the XO 2 stellar and planetary systems Astronomy amp Astrophysics 575 A111 arXiv 1501 01424 Bibcode 2015A amp A 575A 111D doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201425332 a b TYC 3413 210 1 SIMBAD Centre de donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg Retrieved 2018 01 28 a b TYC 3413 5 1 SIMBAD Centre de donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg Retrieved 2018 01 28 a b Desidera S et al 2014 The GAPS programme with HARPS N at TNG IV A planetary system around XO 2S Astronomy and Astrophysics 567 6 L6 arXiv 1407 0251 Bibcode 2014A amp A 567L 6D doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201424339 S2CID 118567085 a b c Ruggieri A Desidera S et al April 2024 The GAPS Programme at TNG LIII New insights on the peculiar XO 2 system Astronomy amp Astrophysics 684 A116 arXiv 2401 17876 Bibcode 2024A amp A 684A 116R doi 10 1051 0004 6361 202348042 Further reading editFernandez Jose M et al 2009 The Transit Light Curve Project XII Six Transits of the Exoplanet XO 2b The Astronomical Journal 137 6 4911 4916 arXiv 0903 2687 Bibcode 2009AJ 137 4911F doi 10 1088 0004 6256 137 6 4911 S2CID 7113991 Narita Norio et al 2011 XO 2b a Prograde Planet with a Negligible Eccentricity and an Additional Radial Velocity Variation Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 63 6 L67 L71 arXiv 1110 6136 Bibcode 2011PASJ 63L 67N doi 10 1093 pasj 63 6 l67 S2CID 119269227 Sing D K et al 2011 Gran Telescopio Canarias OSIRIS transiting exoplanet atmospheric survey detection of potassium in XO 2b from narrowband spectrophotometry Astronomy and Astrophysics 527 A73 arXiv 1008 4795 Bibcode 2011A amp A 527A 73S doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201015579 S2CID 56545385 External links editNASA PlanetQuest Planet race heats up 1 month 32 discoveries XO 2 Exoplanets Archived from the original on 2016 03 03 Retrieved 2009 04 28 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title XO 2 amp oldid 1220571944 Planetary systems, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
