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World of Darkness

January 01, 1970

For other uses, see World of Darkness (disambiguation).

World of Darkness is a series of tabletop role-playing games, originally created by Mark Rein-Hagen for White Wolf Publishing. It began as an annual line of five games in 1991–1995, with Vampire: The Masquerade, Werewolf: The Apocalypse, Mage: The Ascension, Wraith: The Oblivion, and Changeling: The Dreaming, along with off-shoots based on these. The series ended in 2004, and the reboot Chronicles of Darkness was launched the same year with a new line of games. In 2011, the original series was brought back, and the two have since been published concurrently.

World of Darkness
Series logo
TypeTabletop role-playing games
GenreHorror
Creator(s)Mark Rein-Hagen
Publisher(s)
Owner(s)
  • White Wolf Publishing (1991–2006)
  • CCP Games (2006–2015)
  • Paradox Interactive (2015–)
First releaseVampire: The Masquerade
July 1991[1]
Latest releaseDeviant: The Renegades
September 1, 2021[2]
Sub-seriesChronicles of Darkness
Related media

The games in the series have a shared setting, also named the World of Darkness, which is a dark, gothic-punk interpretation of the real world, where supernatural beings such as vampires and werewolves exist in secrecy. The original series' setting has a large focus on lore and overarching narrative, whereas Chronicles of Darkness's setting has no such narrative and presents the details of its setting as optional.

The series has been well received critically for its setting, writing, and art direction, and has won or been nominated for awards including the Origins Award. It has also been commercially successful, with millions of game books sold; by 2001, Vampire: The Masquerade was the second highest selling tabletop role-playing game after TSR, Inc.'s Dungeons & Dragons. The series has been adapted into other media, including the television series Kindred: The Embraced, actual play web series, novels and anthologies, comic books, card games, and a line of video games.

Games edit

 
The series began in 1991 with Vampire: The Masquerade.

The original World of Darkness series consists of eight core lines of role-playing games which were originally released from 1991 to 2002:

As well as off-shoots based on these, such as the Asia-themed Kindred of the East and the historical Vampire: The Dark Ages.[3]

The 2004 reboot series, Chronicles of Darkness, consists of eleven game lines: Vampire: The Requiem, Werewolf: The Forsaken, Mage: The Awakening, Promethean: The Created, Changeling: The Lost, Hunter: The Vigil, Geist: The Sin-Eaters, Mummy: The Curse, Demon: The Descent,[3] Beast: The Primordial,[4] and Deviant: The Renegades.[2] Most of these are based on concepts from the original series, directly as with Vampire: The Requiem and Vampire: The Masquerade, or indirectly as with Geist and Wraith, which both deal with spirits.[3]

Both series are supported with supplementary sourcebooks detailing backgrounds and character types, which can be used when creating adventures for one's players; pre-made adventure modules have also occasionally been published.[5][6] The Chronicles of Darkness sourcebooks in particular present the information as optional and something one may choose whether to include in one's game.[6] The supplements often take the form of a book describing a location as it is portrayed in the setting, such as Vampire: The Masquerade's series of By Night books and Werewolf: The Apocalypse's Rage Across series.[7][8] Several splatbooks – sourcebooks detailing character classes or organizations – have also been published, such as the Clanbook series, describing vampire clans, and the Kithbook line, covering types of fae.[3][8]

Common elements edit

The games in the original series are set in a shared universe, also named the World of Darkness,[9][10] which is a dark, gothic-punk interpretation of the real world, rife with corruption. In it, supernatural beings such as vampires, mages, and werewolves exist in secrecy, influencing humanity and clashing against each other; players take the roles of these beings,[11] who belong to various classes such as Vampire: The Masquerade's vampire clans, and Werewolf: The Apocalypse's werewolf tribes.[6] The series as a whole is themed around personal horror, while individual games have their own themes, such as redemption and humanity in Vampire: The Masquerade, and hubris in Mage: The Ascension.[11] The series is known for its focus on metaplot – an overarching story for the setting that advances as new game books are released.[3][6]

Whereas the original series has a large focus on lore and background information for its setting,[11] the urban horror Chronicles of Darkness setting does not to the same extent;[6][11][12] it does not have a metaplot, and it presents any setting information as strictly optional to include in campaigns. With its lesser focus on lore and less defined world, Chronicles of Darkness also streamlines the character types, stripping the many vampire clans and werewolf tribes from the original series down to five each.[6]

The person leading campaigns – a role called gamemaster or dungeon master in other games – is called a storyteller in World of Darkness, highlighting how the series is more focused on collaborative storytelling than on combat or on players overcoming the game leader's challenges; the rules exist to give players a framework for telling stories, and players are rewarded by being part of the setting rather than by escalating power levels.[11] Chronicles of Darkness has a larger focus on making the gameplay systems work together, enabling easier cross-over play between the games.[11]

History edit

1990–2006: White Wolf Publishing edit

 
The series was originally created by game designer Mark Rein-Hagen.

The World of Darkness series began development in 1990 by game designer Mark Rein-Hagen at White Wolf Publishing, as his next major role-playing game project after 1987's Ars Magica. Designed as the first in a planned series of five annual games, Vampire: The Masquerade was released in 1991, and was followed by Werewolf: The Apocalypse (1992), Mage: The Ascension (1993), Wraith: The Oblivion (1994), and Changeling: The Dreaming (1995), all set in the same world and using the Storyteller rule system. This rapid expansion with new games, although successful and capturing players' and the industry's interest, led to often flawed first editions, prompting several revised, new editions of the core rulebooks between 1992–2000, resulting in Mage: The Ascension morphing a lot between its editions as its themes changed. Ars Magica was initially tied to World of Darkness and used as a historical backdrop:[3] its House Tremere was reused as a vampire clan in Vampire: The Masquerade, and its Order of Hermes as a mage tradition in Mage: The Ascension. The rights to Ars Magica were sold to Wizards of the Coast in 1994, and the histories of the games were separated.[3]

Rein-Hagen constantly moved on to designing new games after finishing one,[3] designing all the original five games except Mage: The Ascension, which was designed by White Wolf Publishing's founders, brothers Stewart and Steve Wieck, and Chris Earley;[3][13] as such, new staff were brought in to manage the game lines, including Andrew Greenberg for Vampire and Bill Bridges for Werewolf, who came to define the look and feel of the series. An economic downturn for White Wolf Publishing in 1995–1996, caused in part by bookstore returns for World of Darkness novelizations, led to a falling out between Rein-Hagen and the Wieck brothers, after which Rein-Hagen left the company. As the original planned five annual games had already been published, White Wolf Publishing next devised a new model of role-playing games with a historical setting based on previous games, resulting in Vampire: The Dark Ages (1996), Werewolf: The Wild West (1997), and Mage: The Sorcerers Crusade (1998), of which only Vampire: The Dark Ages sold well. This led to the cancellation of the underperforming Wraith line, with the release of the historical-setting Wraith: The Great War and the 1999 supplement Ends of Empire, which functioned as a finale to the game's metaplot.[3]

In 1997, White Wolf Publishing developed another model, where they would release a game that required another World of Darkness rule book to play, which thereby would get the same attention as a new stand-alone core game without requiring them to further support it with supplements; this was used for 1997's Mummy Second Edition and its 2001 re-release Mummy: The Resurrection, and 1998's Kindred of the East. The two final major modern-day-setting World of Darkness role-playing games, Hunter: The Reckoning and Demon: The Fallen, followed in 1999 and 2002, after which White Wolf Publishing returned to historical-setting games with Victorian Age: Vampire and Dark Ages: Vampire, a new edition of Vampire: The Dark Ages, and a line of Dark Ages games based on other World of Darkness games that, like Kindred of the East and Mummy, required a main game's rule book to be played. A final game, Orpheus, was released in 2003 as a sequel to Wraith.[3]

In 2004, following dwindling sales, White Wolf Publishing ended the series with the major event Time of Judgment: a line of books that ended the overarching narratives of Vampire: The Masquerade, Werewolf: The Apocalypse, Mage: The Ascension, Changeling: The Dreaming, Demon: The Fallen, Hunter: The Reckoning, Kindred of the East, and Mummy: The Resurrection. Following this, White Wolf Publishing rebooted the series with the 2004 rulebook The World of Darkness, and released new games with updated Storytelling System gameplay rules and a new setting, beginning with Vampire: The Requiem in 2004 and Werewolf: The Forsaken and Mage: The Awakening in 2005.[3]

2006–2015: CCP Games edit

 
CCP Games acquired White Wolf Publishing and World of Darkness in 2006.

In 2006, the Icelandic video game developer CCP Games acquired White Wolf Publishing and their intellectual properties, with the intention of developing an online video game based on World of Darkness. Business continued as usual until 2009, when CCP Games started transferring White Wolf Publishing staff to video game development and slowed down tabletop game production.[3]

The CCP Games incarnation of White Wolf Publishing published its last print products for distribution in 2011, with Vampire: The Masquerade 20th Anniversary Edition, an update of the pre-reboot game. Amid mass layoffs at CCP Games the same year, leaving few resources to produce tabletop games, White Wolf Publishing's creative director Rich Thomas formed Onyx Path Publishing and licensed both of the World of Darkness series, continuing support for them and producing new material. This included further anniversary editions, and new games like Mummy: The Curse (2013) and Demon: The Descent (2014);[3] these projects were frequently financed through crowdfunding.[14]

2015–present: Paradox Interactive edit

White Wolf Publishing and its intellectual properties were sold again in 2015, to the Swedish video game publisher Paradox Interactive.[15] Following this, the rebooted World of Darkness series was renamed Chronicles of Darkness, while the original series remained as World of Darkness. This was done to prevent confusion among players over there being two series and settings with the same name:[16] Prior to the renaming, the two had been distinguished from each other by being referred to as the Old or Classic World of Darkness and the New World of Darkness.[3][17] Onyx Path Publishing's in-development Vampire: The Masquerade 4th Edition, which they had announced only a few months earlier,[14] was cancelled following this, as Paradox Interactive planned to publish their own fifth edition.[18][a]

The Paradox Interactive incarnation of White Wolf Publishing released the fifth edition of Vampire: The Masquerade in 2018, which included references to neo-Nazis and a character interpreted as being a pedophile, leading to accusations that they were catering to neo-Nazi groups. White Wolf Publishing denied that this was their intention, and apologized.[19] Following the use of the real-world anti-gay purges in Chechnya as the backdrop for fictional events in Vampire: The Masquerade sourcebooks, in what Paradox Interactive's vice president of business development described as a "crude and disrespectful" way, Paradox Interactive integrated White Wolf Publishing directly into the parent company, made changes to its leadership, suspended sales and printings of the books, and halted its development and publishing of World of Darkness games.[20] The material was removed from the books, and Vampire: The Masquerade development was moved to the licensee Modiphius Entertainment and collaborators including Onyx Path Publishing.[21][22]

Starting with the 2020 book Vampire: The Masquerade Companion, Paradox Interactive introduced further changes to the handling of the series: headed by creative lead Justin Achilli, they would develop core game books internally, while collaborator Renegade Game Studios would develop other game material. Along with this reorganization, Paradox Interactive announced that World of Darkness development from then on would involve sensitivity reviewers to ensure respectful portrayal of themes and topics.[23][24] In addition to tabletop game development, the World of Darkness team at Paradox Interactive plans the setting's overarching narrative, and coordinates with external developers, such as those of World of Darkness video game adaptations, to ensure cohesion.[25]

Related media edit

See also: List of World of Darkness video games

In addition to the tabletop games, the series has expanded into other media, including video games, card and board games, the Mind's Eye Theatre series of live action role-playing games, novels,[3][26] fiction anthologies,[27] comics,[28] the 1996 television series Kindred: The Embraced,[29] the actual play web series L.A. by Night (2018), Seattle by Night (2019), Vein Pursuit (2020), and The Nightlife (2021),[30][31] and an in-development film and television franchise.[32] Although World of Darkness multimedia projects slowed down under CCP Games, production began anew after Paradox Interactive acquired the series.[30]

 
A two-player game of Vampire: The Eternal Struggle

A collectible card game based on Vampire: The Masquerade was released by Wizards of the Coast in 1994 as Jyhad, before being re-launched a year later as Vampire: The Eternal Struggle;[3][33] Wizards of the Coast continued publishing it until 1996, and then White Wolf took over, publishing it in 2000–2010.[3] In 2018, Black Chantry Productions licensed The Eternal Struggle, reprinting old cards and continuing production of the game.[33][34] Following The Eternal Struggle, White Wolf also published a collectible card game on their own, Rage, based on Werewolf: The Apocalypse, from 1995 to 1996, which was even more successful than The Eternal Struggle; Five Rings Publishing licensed it, and continued producing it in 1998–1999.[3] Two other Vampire: The Masquerade card games, Vendetta and Rivals, were released in 2021 by Horrible Guild and Renegade Game Studios, respectively.[35][36] A story-based board game, Vampire: The Masquerade – Chapters, is in development by Flyos Games.[37]

A large number of World of Darkness novels and anthologies have been published,[27][38] starting with the Werewolf: The Apocalypse anthology Drums Around the Fire in 1993,[3] and were described by What Do I Read Next? A Reader's Guide to Current Genre Fiction as "old-fashioned adventures" in the style of pulp fiction.[27] The books were popular and helped White Wolf Publishing grow,[3][38][39] and were described as leading among horror novelizations by The Mammoth Book of Best New Horror in 1996,[40] but were in the end not financially successful, due to book chains closing mall stores in 1995–1996 and returning a large amount of unsold books to the publisher.[3] By 1998, What Do I Read Next? considered the novelizations to have improved in quality, citing White Wolf's move to commissioning established horror and fantasy writers;[27] in 2002, Black Gate considered Andrew Bates's Year of the Scarab Trilogy a standout compared to previous "lackluster" World of Darkness novels.[41] New World of Darkness novelizations started to disappear around 2006,[3] but have since resumed.[42]

The series has been adapted into comics, sometimes published in the World of Darkness tabletop game books,[43][44] but also as comic books, including Vampire: The Masquerade and Werewolf: The Apocalypse lines published by Moonstone Books in the early 2000s,[45] and a Vampire: The Masquerade series published by Vault Comics since 2020.[28]

There are several video game adaptations of the series, based on Vampire: The Masquerade, Hunter: The Reckoning,[46] Mage: The Ascension,[47] Werewolf: The Apocalypse,[48] and Wraith: The Oblivion.[49] Critical reception of the games has varied, ranging from average to positive,[b] with 2004's Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines standing out, being described by video game publications as a cult classic[54][55][56] and a "flawed masterpiece";[57][58][59] when Paradox Interactive acquired the series, they had considered Bloodlines the "crown jewel" of World of Darkness, and something they knew from the start that they wanted to bring back with a sequel.[60]

Reception edit

World of Darkness has been critically well received, with several of its games having won or been nominated for awards,[c] and with Vampire: The Masquerade having been inducted into the Origins Award hall of fame.[68] The series has also been highly successful financially, primarily in the United States, with over three million game books sold by the late 1990s;[10][69][70] around 1995, new World of Darkness releases were frequently top sellers, making White Wolf the second biggest publisher of tabletop role-playing games at the time after TSR, Inc.,[3] and by 2001, Vampire: The Masquerade was the second best selling tabletop role-playing game after TSR, Inc.'s Dungeons & Dragons.[71] Onyx Path Publishing's crowdfunding campaigns for World of Darkness games and material have also been successful, particularly those for the original series, such as the anniversary editions of Werewolf: The Apocalypse and Mage: The Ascension.[3]

The series' setting, plot, and art direction have been well received,[d] with Rue Morgue describing the series' "fabulous artwork" as one of its major strengths,[72] Fenix praising the series' mood and the quality of the writing,[73] and Realms of Fantasy appreciating the broad scope and the familiarity to players due to being based on the real world.[74][77] Shadis described the setting as "truly unique", bringing something never before seen to games.[78] Some publications found the setting too crowded or defined, however;[6][75] Diehard GameFan thought this took away from opportunities for horror,[75] and Tor.com thought it left little room to tell new stories, often choosing to ignore the metaplot when running games.[6] In his book series Designers & Dragons, Shannon Appelcline considered the series' focus on metaplot to likely be what had caused sales to dwindle prior to the reboot, as players would have stopped playing the games when feeling they could not keep up with the story. Reactions to the Chronicles of Darkness setting have been divided, with some preferring the original series' setting for being more fantastical and grand in scale, and some the reboot's more grounded setting.[3]

The original series' rules were criticized by Arcane as, although generally easy to understand, often having confusing and unclear combat rules,[79] while Tor.com described them as having a recurring problem with statistical anomalies.[12] The updated gameplay rules of Chronicles of Darkness were however generally seen as a big improvement,[e] and seen by critics as fluid, elegant and open-ended, to the point where Tor.com and Backstab recommended using them even when running non-Chronicles of Darkness games.[f] Fenix appreciated the speed of creating characters and of playing, comparing the system of dice pools and dots favorably to number-based role-playing game systems.[81]

References edit

  1. ^ The difference in numbering comes from how Onyx Path Publishing had planned their 4th Edition as a follow-up to the third Vampire: The Masquerade version, Revised Edition,[14] seeing the anniversary release as a compilation rather than its own edition, whereas Paradox Interactive counts 20th Anniversary Edition as version 4.[18]
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External links edit

  • Official website

January 01, 1970
world, darkness, other, uses, disambiguation, series, tabletop, role, playing, games, originally, created, mark, rein, hagen, white, wolf, publishing, began, annual, line, five, games, 1991, 1995, with, vampire, masquerade, werewolf, apocalypse, mage, ascensio. For other uses see World of Darkness disambiguation World of Darkness is a series of tabletop role playing games originally created by Mark Rein Hagen for White Wolf Publishing It began as an annual line of five games in 1991 1995 with Vampire The Masquerade Werewolf The Apocalypse Mage The Ascension Wraith The Oblivion and Changeling The Dreaming along with off shoots based on these The series ended in 2004 and the reboot Chronicles of Darkness was launched the same year with a new line of games In 2011 the original series was brought back and the two have since been published concurrently World of DarknessSeries logoTypeTabletop role playing gamesGenreHorrorCreator s Mark Rein HagenPublisher s White Wolf PublishingOnyx Path PublishingModiphius EntertainmentRenegade Game StudiosParadox InteractiveOwner s White Wolf Publishing 1991 2006 CCP Games 2006 2015 Paradox Interactive 2015 First releaseVampire The MasqueradeJuly 1991 1 Latest releaseDeviant The RenegadesSeptember 1 2021 2 Sub seriesChronicles of DarknessRelated mediaKindred The Embraced TV series L A by Night web series Vampire The Masquerade comic book Video games The games in the series have a shared setting also named the World of Darkness which is a dark gothic punk interpretation of the real world where supernatural beings such as vampires and werewolves exist in secrecy The original series setting has a large focus on lore and overarching narrative whereas Chronicles of Darkness s setting has no such narrative and presents the details of its setting as optional The series has been well received critically for its setting writing and art direction and has won or been nominated for awards including the Origins Award It has also been commercially successful with millions of game books sold by 2001 Vampire The Masquerade was the second highest selling tabletop role playing game after TSR Inc s Dungeons amp Dragons The series has been adapted into other media including the television series Kindred The Embraced actual play web series novels and anthologies comic books card games and a line of video games Contents 1 Games 2 Common elements 3 History 3 1 1990 2006 White Wolf Publishing 3 2 2006 2015 CCP Games 3 3 2015 present Paradox Interactive 4 Related media 5 Reception 6 References 7 External linksGames edit nbsp The series began in 1991 with Vampire The Masquerade The original World of Darkness series consists of eight core lines of role playing games which were originally released from 1991 to 2002 Vampire The Masquerade Werewolf The Apocalypse Hunter The Reckoning Mage The Ascension Mummy The Resurrection Demon The Fallen Wraith The Oblivion Changeling The Dreaming As well as off shoots based on these such as the Asia themed Kindred of the East and the historical Vampire The Dark Ages 3 The 2004 reboot series Chronicles of Darkness consists of eleven game lines Vampire The Requiem Werewolf The Forsaken Mage The Awakening Promethean The Created Changeling The Lost Hunter The Vigil Geist The Sin Eaters Mummy The Curse Demon The Descent 3 Beast The Primordial 4 and Deviant The Renegades 2 Most of these are based on concepts from the original series directly as with Vampire The Requiem and Vampire The Masquerade or indirectly as with Geist and Wraith which both deal with spirits 3 Both series are supported with supplementary sourcebooks detailing backgrounds and character types which can be used when creating adventures for one s players pre made adventure modules have also occasionally been published 5 6 The Chronicles of Darkness sourcebooks in particular present the information as optional and something one may choose whether to include in one s game 6 The supplements often take the form of a book describing a location as it is portrayed in the setting such as Vampire The Masquerade s series of By Night books and Werewolf The Apocalypse s Rage Across series 7 8 Several splatbooks sourcebooks detailing character classes or organizations have also been published such as the Clanbook series describing vampire clans and the Kithbook line covering types of fae 3 8 Common elements editThe games in the original series are set in a shared universe also named the World of Darkness 9 10 which is a dark gothic punk interpretation of the real world rife with corruption In it supernatural beings such as vampires mages and werewolves exist in secrecy influencing humanity and clashing against each other players take the roles of these beings 11 who belong to various classes such as Vampire The Masquerade s vampire clans and Werewolf The Apocalypse s werewolf tribes 6 The series as a whole is themed around personal horror while individual games have their own themes such as redemption and humanity in Vampire The Masquerade and hubris in Mage The Ascension 11 The series is known for its focus on metaplot an overarching story for the setting that advances as new game books are released 3 6 Whereas the original series has a large focus on lore and background information for its setting 11 the urban horror Chronicles of Darkness setting does not to the same extent 6 11 12 it does not have a metaplot and it presents any setting information as strictly optional to include in campaigns With its lesser focus on lore and less defined world Chronicles of Darkness also streamlines the character types stripping the many vampire clans and werewolf tribes from the original series down to five each 6 The person leading campaigns a role called gamemaster or dungeon master in other games is called a storyteller in World of Darkness highlighting how the series is more focused on collaborative storytelling than on combat or on players overcoming the game leader s challenges the rules exist to give players a framework for telling stories and players are rewarded by being part of the setting rather than by escalating power levels 11 Chronicles of Darkness has a larger focus on making the gameplay systems work together enabling easier cross over play between the games 11 History edit1990 2006 White Wolf Publishing edit nbsp The series was originally created by game designer Mark Rein Hagen The World of Darkness series began development in 1990 by game designer Mark Rein Hagen at White Wolf Publishing as his next major role playing game project after 1987 s Ars Magica Designed as the first in a planned series of five annual games Vampire The Masquerade was released in 1991 and was followed by Werewolf The Apocalypse 1992 Mage The Ascension 1993 Wraith The Oblivion 1994 and Changeling The Dreaming 1995 all set in the same world and using the Storyteller rule system This rapid expansion with new games although successful and capturing players and the industry s interest led to often flawed first editions prompting several revised new editions of the core rulebooks between 1992 2000 resulting in Mage The Ascension morphing a lot between its editions as its themes changed Ars Magica was initially tied to World of Darkness and used as a historical backdrop 3 its House Tremere was reused as a vampire clan in Vampire The Masquerade and its Order of Hermes as a mage tradition in Mage The Ascension The rights to Ars Magica were sold to Wizards of the Coast in 1994 and the histories of the games were separated 3 Rein Hagen constantly moved on to designing new games after finishing one 3 designing all the original five games except Mage The Ascension which was designed by White Wolf Publishing s founders brothers Stewart and Steve Wieck and Chris Earley 3 13 as such new staff were brought in to manage the game lines including Andrew Greenberg for Vampire and Bill Bridges for Werewolf who came to define the look and feel of the series An economic downturn for White Wolf Publishing in 1995 1996 caused in part by bookstore returns for World of Darkness novelizations led to a falling out between Rein Hagen and the Wieck brothers after which Rein Hagen left the company As the original planned five annual games had already been published White Wolf Publishing next devised a new model of role playing games with a historical setting based on previous games resulting in Vampire The Dark Ages 1996 Werewolf The Wild West 1997 and Mage The Sorcerers Crusade 1998 of which only Vampire The Dark Ages sold well This led to the cancellation of the underperforming Wraith line with the release of the historical setting Wraith The Great War and the 1999 supplement Ends of Empire which functioned as a finale to the game s metaplot 3 In 1997 White Wolf Publishing developed another model where they would release a game that required another World of Darkness rule book to play which thereby would get the same attention as a new stand alone core game without requiring them to further support it with supplements this was used for 1997 s Mummy Second Edition and its 2001 re release Mummy The Resurrection and 1998 s Kindred of the East The two final major modern day setting World of Darkness role playing games Hunter The Reckoning and Demon The Fallen followed in 1999 and 2002 after which White Wolf Publishing returned to historical setting games with Victorian Age Vampire and Dark Ages Vampire a new edition of Vampire The Dark Ages and a line of Dark Ages games based on other World of Darkness games that like Kindred of the East and Mummy required a main game s rule book to be played A final game Orpheus was released in 2003 as a sequel to Wraith 3 In 2004 following dwindling sales White Wolf Publishing ended the series with the major event Time of Judgment a line of books that ended the overarching narratives of Vampire The Masquerade Werewolf The Apocalypse Mage The Ascension Changeling The Dreaming Demon The Fallen Hunter The Reckoning Kindred of the East and Mummy The Resurrection Following this White Wolf Publishing rebooted the series with the 2004 rulebook The World of Darkness and released new games with updated Storytelling System gameplay rules and a new setting beginning with Vampire The Requiem in 2004 and Werewolf The Forsaken and Mage The Awakening in 2005 3 2006 2015 CCP Games edit nbsp CCP Games acquired White Wolf Publishing and World of Darkness in 2006 In 2006 the Icelandic video game developer CCP Games acquired White Wolf Publishing and their intellectual properties with the intention of developing an online video game based on World of Darkness Business continued as usual until 2009 when CCP Games started transferring White Wolf Publishing staff to video game development and slowed down tabletop game production 3 The CCP Games incarnation of White Wolf Publishing published its last print products for distribution in 2011 with Vampire The Masquerade 20th Anniversary Edition an update of the pre reboot game Amid mass layoffs at CCP Games the same year leaving few resources to produce tabletop games White Wolf Publishing s creative director Rich Thomas formed Onyx Path Publishing and licensed both of the World of Darkness series continuing support for them and producing new material This included further anniversary editions and new games like Mummy The Curse 2013 and Demon The Descent 2014 3 these projects were frequently financed through crowdfunding 14 2015 present Paradox Interactive edit White Wolf Publishing and its intellectual properties were sold again in 2015 to the Swedish video game publisher Paradox Interactive 15 Following this the rebooted World of Darkness series was renamed Chronicles of Darkness while the original series remained as World of Darkness This was done to prevent confusion among players over there being two series and settings with the same name 16 Prior to the renaming the two had been distinguished from each other by being referred to as the Old or Classic World of Darkness and the New World of Darkness 3 17 Onyx Path Publishing s in development Vampire The Masquerade 4th Edition which they had announced only a few months earlier 14 was cancelled following this as Paradox Interactive planned to publish their own fifth edition 18 a The Paradox Interactive incarnation of White Wolf Publishing released the fifth edition of Vampire The Masquerade in 2018 which included references to neo Nazis and a character interpreted as being a pedophile leading to accusations that they were catering to neo Nazi groups White Wolf Publishing denied that this was their intention and apologized 19 Following the use of the real world anti gay purges in Chechnya as the backdrop for fictional events in Vampire The Masquerade sourcebooks in what Paradox Interactive s vice president of business development described as a crude and disrespectful way Paradox Interactive integrated White Wolf Publishing directly into the parent company made changes to its leadership suspended sales and printings of the books and halted its development and publishing of World of Darkness games 20 The material was removed from the books and Vampire The Masquerade development was moved to the licensee Modiphius Entertainment and collaborators including Onyx Path Publishing 21 22 Starting with the 2020 book Vampire The Masquerade Companion Paradox Interactive introduced further changes to the handling of the series headed by creative lead Justin Achilli they would develop core game books internally while collaborator Renegade Game Studios would develop other game material Along with this reorganization Paradox Interactive announced that World of Darkness development from then on would involve sensitivity reviewers to ensure respectful portrayal of themes and topics 23 24 In addition to tabletop game development the World of Darkness team at Paradox Interactive plans the setting s overarching narrative and coordinates with external developers such as those of World of Darkness video game adaptations to ensure cohesion 25 Related media editSee also List of World of Darkness video games In addition to the tabletop games the series has expanded into other media including video games card and board games the Mind s Eye Theatre series of live action role playing games novels 3 26 fiction anthologies 27 comics 28 the 1996 television series Kindred The Embraced 29 the actual play web series L A by Night 2018 Seattle by Night 2019 Vein Pursuit 2020 and The Nightlife 2021 30 31 and an in development film and television franchise 32 Although World of Darkness multimedia projects slowed down under CCP Games production began anew after Paradox Interactive acquired the series 30 nbsp A two player game of Vampire The Eternal Struggle A collectible card game based on Vampire The Masquerade was released by Wizards of the Coast in 1994 as Jyhad before being re launched a year later as Vampire The Eternal Struggle 3 33 Wizards of the Coast continued publishing it until 1996 and then White Wolf took over publishing it in 2000 2010 3 In 2018 Black Chantry Productions licensed The Eternal Struggle reprinting old cards and continuing production of the game 33 34 Following The Eternal Struggle White Wolf also published a collectible card game on their own Rage based on Werewolf The Apocalypse from 1995 to 1996 which was even more successful than The Eternal Struggle Five Rings Publishing licensed it and continued producing it in 1998 1999 3 Two other Vampire The Masquerade card games Vendetta and Rivals were released in 2021 by Horrible Guild and Renegade Game Studios respectively 35 36 A story based board game Vampire The Masquerade Chapters is in development by Flyos Games 37 A large number of World of Darkness novels and anthologies have been published 27 38 starting with the Werewolf The Apocalypse anthology Drums Around the Fire in 1993 3 and were described by What Do I Read Next A Reader s Guide to Current Genre Fiction as old fashioned adventures in the style of pulp fiction 27 The books were popular and helped White Wolf Publishing grow 3 38 39 and were described as leading among horror novelizations by The Mammoth Book of Best New Horror in 1996 40 but were in the end not financially successful due to book chains closing mall stores in 1995 1996 and returning a large amount of unsold books to the publisher 3 By 1998 What Do I Read Next considered the novelizations to have improved in quality citing White Wolf s move to commissioning established horror and fantasy writers 27 in 2002 Black Gate considered Andrew Bates s Year of the Scarab Trilogy a standout compared to previous lackluster World of Darkness novels 41 New World of Darkness novelizations started to disappear around 2006 3 but have since resumed 42 The series has been adapted into comics sometimes published in the World of Darkness tabletop game books 43 44 but also as comic books including Vampire The Masquerade and Werewolf The Apocalypse lines published by Moonstone Books in the early 2000s 45 and a Vampire The Masquerade series published by Vault Comics since 2020 28 There are several video game adaptations of the series based on Vampire The Masquerade Hunter The Reckoning 46 Mage The Ascension 47 Werewolf The Apocalypse 48 and Wraith The Oblivion 49 Critical reception of the games has varied ranging from average to positive b with 2004 s Vampire The Masquerade Bloodlines standing out being described by video game publications as a cult classic 54 55 56 and a flawed masterpiece 57 58 59 when Paradox Interactive acquired the series they had considered Bloodlines the crown jewel of World of Darkness and something they knew from the start that they wanted to bring back with a sequel 60 Reception editWorld of Darkness has been critically well received with several of its games having won or been nominated for awards c and with Vampire The Masquerade having been inducted into the Origins Award hall of fame 68 The series has also been highly successful financially primarily in the United States with over three million game books sold by the late 1990s 10 69 70 around 1995 new World of Darkness releases were frequently top sellers making White Wolf the second biggest publisher of tabletop role playing games at the time after TSR Inc 3 and by 2001 Vampire The Masquerade was the second best selling tabletop role playing game after TSR Inc s Dungeons amp Dragons 71 Onyx Path Publishing s crowdfunding campaigns for World of Darkness games and material have also been successful particularly those for the original series such as the anniversary editions of Werewolf The Apocalypse and Mage The Ascension 3 The series setting plot and art direction have been well received d with Rue Morgue describing the series fabulous artwork as one of its major strengths 72 Fenix praising the series mood and the quality of the writing 73 and Realms of Fantasy appreciating the broad scope and the familiarity to players due to being based on the real world 74 77 Shadis described the setting as truly unique bringing something never before seen to games 78 Some publications found the setting too crowded or defined however 6 75 Diehard GameFan thought this took away from opportunities for horror 75 and Tor com thought it left little room to tell new stories often choosing to ignore the metaplot when running games 6 In his book series Designers amp Dragons Shannon Appelcline considered the series focus on metaplot to likely be what had caused sales to dwindle prior to the reboot as players would have stopped playing the games when feeling they could not keep up with the story Reactions to the Chronicles of Darkness setting have been divided with some preferring the original series setting for being more fantastical and grand in scale and some the reboot s more grounded setting 3 The original series rules were criticized by Arcane as although generally easy to understand often having confusing and unclear combat rules 79 while Tor com described them as having a recurring problem with statistical anomalies 12 The updated gameplay rules of Chronicles of Darkness were however generally seen as a big improvement e and seen by critics as fluid elegant and open ended to the point where Tor com and Backstab recommended using them even when running non Chronicles of Darkness games f Fenix appreciated the speed of creating characters and of playing comparing the system of dice pools and dots favorably to number based role playing game systems 81 References edit The difference in numbering comes from how Onyx Path Publishing had planned their 4th Edition as a follow up to the third Vampire The Masquerade version Revised Edition 14 seeing the anniversary release as a compilation rather than its own edition whereas Paradox Interactive counts 20th Anniversary Edition as version 4 18 50 51 52 53 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 6 72 73 74 75 76 3 6 12 80 6 12 80 81 Vampire The Masquerade Backstab in French No 1 FC Publications January February 1997 pp 69 70 a b Watson Ian A A 2021 09 01 Now Available Deviant The Renegades Onyx Path Publishing Archived from the original on 2021 09 01 Retrieved 2021 09 02 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa 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original on 2019 05 14 Retrieved 2019 11 14 a b Williams Ian G 2014 06 05 World of Darkness the inside story on the death of a game The Guardian Archived from the original on 2019 08 23 Retrieved 2019 11 05 a b c d e f Allison Peter Ray 2020 02 06 Shedding light on World of Darkness the gothic punk universe of RPG Vampire The Masquerade Dicebreaker Gamer Network Archived from the original on 2020 07 13 Retrieved 2020 09 04 a b c d Knode Mordicai 2012 05 25 You Should Run Your Next Fantasy Game in The World of Darkness Tor com Tor Books Archived from the original on 2020 03 30 Retrieved 2020 04 12 Swan Rick February 1994 Mage The Ascension Dragon TSR Inc pp 81 82 a b c Onyx Path Casus Belli in French No 16 Black Book Editions September October 2015 p 23 Wawro Alex 2015 10 29 Paradox pays cash to take White Wolf Publishing off CCP s hands Gamasutra Informa Archived from the original on 2020 03 17 Retrieved 2020 03 29 Vincenzi Davide 2019 04 05 Vampiri la Masquerade 5a edizione la recensione Quando i GDR mordono sul collo Vampire The Masquerade 5th edition the review When RPGs bite your neck Tom s Hardware in Italian Future plc Archived from the original on 2019 11 04 Retrieved 2020 03 28 Lucard Alex 2013 03 11 Tabletop Review Mummy The Curse Diehard GameFan Archived from the original on 2019 12 22 Retrieved 2020 03 29 a b Thomas Rich 2015 12 14 CofD C20 and You and Me Monday Meeting Blog Onyx Path Publishing Archived from the original on 2020 01 27 Retrieved 2020 09 08 Hall Charlie 2018 07 13 Vampire The Masquerade maker responds to accusations it caters to neo Nazi groups Polygon Vox Media Archived from the original on 2019 12 06 Retrieved 2020 03 29 Hall Charlie 2018 11 16 Paradox reins in White Wolf after offensive passages in Vampire The Masquerade RPG Polygon Vox Media Archived from the original on 2020 03 18 Retrieved 2020 03 29 Hall Charlie 2018 12 22 White Wolf hands over Vampire tabletop RPG to new leadership Polygon Vox Media Archived from the original on 2020 03 26 Retrieved 2020 03 29 Colombini Silvio 2018 12 21 Modiphius indossa la maschera e scopre i canini con Vampire The Masquerade 5 edizione Modiphius dons their mask and bares their fangs with Vampire The Masquerade 5th edition Tom s Hardware in Italian Future plc Archived from the original on 2020 10 01 Retrieved 2020 10 04 Jarvis Matt 2020 11 12 Kids on Bikes studio becomes new publisher for World of Darkness RPGs as Paradox brings development in house Dicebreaker Gamer Network Archived from the original on 2020 11 12 Retrieved 2020 11 12 Renegade Game Studios Becomes a TTRPG Publishing Partner for World of Darkness ICv2 November 12 2020 Archived from the original on 2021 11 11 Retrieved 2021 11 11 Caicoya Bea 2020 06 30 L A By Night s Jason Carl Talks The World of Darkness Bloodlines 2 Comic Book Resources Valnet Inc Archived from the original on 2020 07 04 Retrieved 2020 07 02 Robertson Adi 2019 03 21 Cult role playing game Vampire the Masquerade Bloodlines is getting a sequel in 2020 The Verge Vox Media Archived from the original on 2019 07 14 Retrieved 2020 03 28 a b c d Dziemianowicz Stefan 1998 What Do I Read Next 1998 A Reader s Guide to Current Genre Fiction Gale p 286 ISBN 978 0 787621 50 6 a b Destito Deanna 2020 03 17 Vault adds another supernatural title to its summer lineup with VAMPIRE THE MASQUERADE ComicsBeat Superlime Media Archived from the original on 2020 03 28 Retrieved 2020 03 28 Taylor Lauren 2013 10 28 BD Review Kindred The Embraced The Complete Series Box Set Rules Bloody Disgusting Archived from the original on 2017 04 30 Retrieved 2020 03 28 a b Caicoya Bea 2020 07 22 Every New World of Darkness Project From Video Games to Comics Comic Book Resources Valnet Inc Archived from the original on 2020 07 23 Retrieved 2020 07 23 Announcing The Nightlife A New Vampire The Masquerade Live Play series Renegade Game Studios 2021 05 27 Archived from the original on 2021 06 11 Retrieved 2021 06 12 Couch Aaron 2021 04 27 World of 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Belli 1992 du jeu de role Casus Belli trophies 1992 for role playing games Casus Belli in French No 74 Excelsior Publications March April 1993 pp 18 19 Trophees Casus Belli 1993 du jeu de role Casus Belli trophies 1993 for role playing games Casus Belli in French No 80 Excelsior Publications April May 1994 pp 16 17 Trophees Casus Belli 1994 du jeu de role Casus Belli trophies 1994 for role playing games Casus Belli in French No 86 Excelsior Publications April May 1995 pp 16 17 2007 List of Winners Origins Award Archived from the original on 2009 06 04 Retrieved 2020 04 14 Szachnowski Lucya December 1995 Changeling The Dreaming Arcane No 1 Future plc p 67 HyperBole Studios and White Wolf to Create Groundbreaking Role Playing Game White Wolf Publishing Archived from the original on 1999 11 14 Retrieved 2020 09 25 Baker Eric T April 2001 Games Realms of Fantasy No 4 Sovereign Media pp 72 75 a b Lee Andrew June 2009 Spirit Slayers Night Stalkers Rue Morgue No 90 Marrs Media p 66 a b Roos Asa Dancers in the Dusk Fenix in Swedish Askfageln Archived from the original on 2010 08 18 Retrieved 2020 03 30 a b Baker Eric T December 1999 Games Realms of Fantasy No 2 Sovereign Media pp 82 85 a b c Lucard Alex 2013 05 24 Tabletop Review The God Machine Chronicle World of Darkness Diehard GameFan Archived from the original on 2019 08 25 Retrieved 2020 04 14 Swan Rick October 1997 Role Playing Reviews Dragon No 240 TSR Inc pp 110 112 Baker Eric June 1999 Vampire The Masquerade Realms of Fantasy No 5 Sovereign Media pp 85 87 Dean Loren January 1997 Throal The Dwarf Kingdom Shadis No 32 Alderac Entertainment Group p 92 Butcher Andy April 1996 Vampire The Dark Ages Arcane No 5 Future plc pp 56 59 a b Pasteau Cyril September November 2004 World of Darkness Backstab in French No 49 FC Publications p 13 a b Roos Asa Hunter The Vigil Fenix in Swedish Askfageln Archived from the original on 2010 08 18 Retrieved 2020 03 30 External links editOfficial website Retrieved from https en 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