William Ralph Bennett Jr. (January 30, 1930 – June 29, 2008) was an American physicist known for his pioneering work on gas lasers. He spent most of his career on the faculty of Yale University.
The son of the noted physicist William R. Bennett Sr.,[1] Bennett Jr. received his bachelor's degree in physics from Princeton University. Bennett's graduate work in physics was on spectroscopy and collisions of the second kind in the noble gases. He received his Ph.D. from Columbia University. Bennett became a tenured professor at Yale University in 1962 and retired in 2000.
He and Ali Javan co-invented the first gas laser (the helium-neon laser) at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. He discovered the argon ion laser, was first to observe spectral hole burning effects in gas lasers, and created a theory of hole burning effects on laser oscillation. He was co-discoverer of lasers using electron impact excitation in each of the noble gases, dissociative excitation transfer in the neon-oxygen laser (the first chemical laser), and collision excitation in several metal vapor lasers. He was one of the first to incorporate the use of computers to teach physics and, with his daughter Dr. Jean Bennett, devised a method of real-time spectral phonocardiography for the detection and classification of heart murmurs. He set a stringent limit on the existence of “The Fifth Force” and showed that it was improbable that magnetic fields from power lines could cause cancer. He wrote eight books, held twelve patents and published over 120 research papers. He received the 1965 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award.
His research on the physics of musical instruments became the basis of a popular course he gave at Yale. His principal avocation was playing chamber music. He studied the clarinet with Simeon Bellison and performed as a clarinet soloist with several amateur symphony orchestras. His son William Bennett was a professional oboist.
"[Pulsed Helium-Neon] Gas Optical Maser" (with A. Javan), U. S. Patent No. 3149290 (granted Sept. 15, 1964)
"[Dissociative Transfer] Gas Optical Maser" (with A. Javan), U. S. Patent No. 3159707 (granted Dec. 1, 1964)
"Frequency Stabilized Optical Maser [based on Spectral Hole-burning]", U. S. Patent No. 3172057 (granted Feb. 16, 1965)
"[High Power] Gaseous Optical Maser", U. S. Patent No. 3172057 (granted March 2, 1965)
"Optical Maser Employing Multiple Gases [Krypton, Xenon and Radon with Helium]" (with W. L. Faust, R. A. McFarlane and C. K. N.Patel, U. S. Patent No. 3278858 (granted Oct. 11, 1966)
"Laser Utilizing Collision Depopulation [of the Lower Level]" (with G. Gould), U. S. Patent No. 3562662 (Granted Feb. 9, 1971)
"Low-Level Laser with Cyclic Excitation [Copper, Manganese, etc., metal vapor lasers]" (with Gordon Gould and W. T. Walter), U. S. Patent No. 3576500 (granted April 27, 1971)
"[Cw Helium-Neon] Optical Maser" (with D. R. Herriott and A. Javan), U. S. Patent No.3614653 (granted Oct. 19, 1971)
"Method and Device for Compensating for Partial Hearing Loss", U. S. Patent No. 4868880 (granted Sept. 19, 1989)
"Dynamic Spectral Phonocardiograph" (with J. B. Maguire), U. S. Patent No. 4967760 (granted Nov. 6, 1990).
"Dynamic Spectral Phonocardiograph [using Computer Diagnostics]" (with J. B. Maguire), U.S.Patent No. 5012815 (granted May 7, 1991).
"Laser with Reduced Intensity Fluctuations" ("Laser Stabilitron" with V. P. Chebotayev), U. S. Patent No.5251229 (Oct. 5, 1993).
^Novick, Robert (March 1984). . Physics Today. 37 (3): 117. Bibcode:1984PhT....37c.117N. doi:10.1063/1.2916130. Archived from the original on 2020-05-06. Retrieved 2013-09-30.
^ abc. Yale Engineering. Archived from the original on 8 August 2008.
^"IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award Recipients" (PDF). IEEE. Retrieved December 26, 2010.
External linksEdit
Oral History interview transcript for William R. Bennett on 26 October 1987, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library and Archives
. Archived from the original on 21 November 2009.
. Associated Press. 2 July 2008. Archived from the original on 19 January 2016.
. Yale University. July 18, 2008. Archived from the original on 27 July 2010. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
Pearce, Jeremy (July 7, 2008). "William R. Bennett, 78, Pioneer in Gas Lasers, Dies". New York Times. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
Shapiro, Raphael (September 8, 2008). . Yale Daily News. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
"OSA Remembers Fellow Emeritus William R. Bennett Jr". Optical Society of America. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
August 26, 2023
william, bennett, other, people, with, same, name, william, bennett, disambiguation, william, ralph, bennett, january, 1930, june, 2008, american, physicist, known, pioneering, work, lasers, spent, most, career, faculty, yale, university, bornwilliam, ralph, b. For other people with the same name see William Bennett disambiguation William Ralph Bennett Jr January 30 1930 June 29 2008 was an American physicist known for his pioneering work on gas lasers He spent most of his career on the faculty of Yale University William R Bennett Jr BornWilliam Ralph Bennett Jr 1930 01 30 January 30 1930DiedJune 29 2008 2008 06 29 aged 78 NationalityAmericanEducationPrinceton University BA Columbia University PhD OccupationPhysicistEmployerYale UniversityAwardsIEEE Morris N Liebmann Memorial Award 1965 Contents 1 Career 2 Honors 2 3 Patents 2 4 Books 2 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksCareer EditThe son of the noted physicist William R Bennett Sr 1 Bennett Jr received his bachelor s degree in physics from Princeton University Bennett s graduate work in physics was on spectroscopy and collisions of the second kind in the noble gases He received his Ph D from Columbia University Bennett became a tenured professor at Yale University in 1962 and retired in 2000 He and Ali Javan co invented the first gas laser the helium neon laser at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill New Jersey He discovered the argon ion laser was first to observe spectral hole burning effects in gas lasers and created a theory of hole burning effects on laser oscillation He was co discoverer of lasers using electron impact excitation in each of the noble gases dissociative excitation transfer in the neon oxygen laser the first chemical laser and collision excitation in several metal vapor lasers He was one of the first to incorporate the use of computers to teach physics and with his daughter Dr Jean Bennett devised a method of real time spectral phonocardiography for the detection and classification of heart murmurs He set a stringent limit on the existence of The Fifth Force and showed that it was improbable that magnetic fields from power lines could cause cancer He wrote eight books held twelve patents and published over 120 research papers He received the 1965 IEEE Morris N Liebmann Memorial Award His research on the physics of musical instruments became the basis of a popular course he gave at Yale His principal avocation was playing chamber music He studied the clarinet with Simeon Bellison and performed as a clarinet soloist with several amateur symphony orchestras His son William Bennett was a professional oboist Honors 2 EditMember of Sigma Xi Fellow of the American Physical Society the Optical Society of America and the IEEE Listed in A Century of Honor IEEE Press 1947 Stanley Silverman Prize in Chemistry 1963 Alfred P Sloan Foundation Fellow 1964 Honorary MA Yale University 1965 IEEE Morris N Liebmann Memorial Award for the invention of the gas laser 3 1967 J S Guggenheim Foundation Fellow 1972 C B Sawyer Chair Yale University 1974 1975 1976 Annual Ten Best Teachers award Yale Student Course Critique 1974 Fellow IEEE for contributions to the realization and understanding of gas lasers 1975 Honorary D Sc University of New Haven 1977 Western Electric Fund Award of the ASME for excellence in instruction of engineering students 1977 Outstanding Patent Award of the Research and Development Council of New Jersey for U S Patent No 3614653 for the first gas laser 1987 John F Enders Research Fellow 1994 Eli Whitney Award of Connecticut Patent Law Association for the invention of spectral phonocardiograph 1997 Life Fellow IEEE 2000 DeVane Medal for Distinguished Scholarship and Teaching at Yale University Phi Beta KappaPatents 2 Edit Pulsed Helium Neon Gas Optical Maser with A Javan U S Patent No 3149290 granted Sept 15 1964 Dissociative Transfer Gas Optical Maser with A Javan U S Patent No 3159707 granted Dec 1 1964 Frequency Stabilized Optical Maser based on Spectral Hole burning U S Patent No 3172057 granted Feb 16 1965 High Power Gaseous Optical Maser U S Patent No 3172057 granted March 2 1965 Optical Maser Employing Multiple Gases Krypton Xenon and Radon with Helium with W L Faust R A McFarlane and C K N Patel U S Patent No 3278858 granted Oct 11 1966 Laser Utilizing Collision Depopulation of the Lower Level with G Gould U S Patent No 3562662 Granted Feb 9 1971 Low Level Laser with Cyclic Excitation Copper Manganese etc metal vapor lasers with Gordon Gould and W T Walter U S Patent No 3576500 granted April 27 1971 Cw Helium Neon Optical Maser with D R Herriott and A Javan U S Patent No 3614653 granted Oct 19 1971 Method and Device for Compensating for Partial Hearing Loss U S Patent No 4868880 granted Sept 19 1989 Dynamic Spectral Phonocardiograph with J B Maguire U S Patent No 4967760 granted Nov 6 1990 Dynamic Spectral Phonocardiograph using Computer Diagnostics with J B Maguire U S Patent No 5012815 granted May 7 1991 Laser with Reduced Intensity Fluctuations Laser Stabilitron with V P Chebotayev U S Patent No 5251229 Oct 5 1993 Books 2 Edit1964 Gas Lasers Moscow Izdattel stvo MIR translated into Russian by S G Rautian and A S Khaikin 1965 Chemical Lasers Editor with K Schuler Applied Optics Supplement No 2 Optical Soc of Amer Washington DC 1976 Introduction to Computer Applications for Non Science Students Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs N J 1976 Scientific and Engineering Problem Solving with the Computer Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs N J 1977 The Physics of Gas Lasers Gordon and Breach London 1979 Atomic Gas Laser Transition Data Plenum Publishing Company New York 1994 Health and Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields Yale University Press New Haven See also EditList of lasers List of laser articlesReferences Edit Novick Robert March 1984 Obituary William Ralph Bennett Sr Physics Today 37 3 117 Bibcode 1984PhT 37c 117N doi 10 1063 1 2916130 Archived from the original on 2020 05 06 Retrieved 2013 09 30 a b c William Ralph Bennett Jr Yale Engineering Archived from the original on 8 August 2008 IEEE Morris N Liebmann Memorial Award Recipients PDF IEEE Retrieved December 26 2010 External links EditOral History interview transcript for William R Bennett on 26 October 1987 American Institute of Physics Niels Bohr Library and Archives 1999 vita at Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science Archived from the original on 21 November 2009 William R Bennett Jr pioneering laser researcher dies sister in Bedford Associated Press 2 July 2008 Archived from the original on 19 January 2016 In Memoriam William R Bennett Jr Laser Inventor and Collector of Data Yale University July 18 2008 Archived from the original on 27 July 2010 Retrieved April 20 2011 Pearce Jeremy July 7 2008 William R Bennett 78 Pioneer in Gas Lasers Dies New York Times Retrieved April 20 2011 Shapiro Raphael September 8 2008 Physicist Bennett dies Yale Daily News Archived from the original on 25 September 2012 Retrieved April 20 2011 OSA Remembers Fellow Emeritus William R Bennett Jr Optical Society of America Retrieved April 20 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William R Bennett Jr amp oldid 1170885750, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
