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Wild Duck Cluster

January 01, 1970

The Wild Duck Cluster (also known as Messier 11, or NGC 6705) is an open cluster of stars in the constellation Scutum (the Shield). It was discovered by Gottfried Kirch in 1681.[3] Charles Messier included it in his catalogue of diffuse objects in 1764. Its popular name derives from the brighter stars forming a triangle which could resemble a flying flock of ducks[3] (or, from other angles, one swimming duck). The cluster is located just to the east of the Scutum Star Cloud midpoint.[7]

Wild Duck Cluster
Open cluster Messier 11 in Scutum
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
Right ascension18h 51m 05.0s[1]
Declination−06° 16′ 12″[1]
Distance6,120 light-years (1,877 pc)[2]
Apparent magnitude (V)5.8[3]
Apparent dimensions (V)22.8′[2]
Physical characteristics
Mass11,000[4] M☉
Radius95 ly[4]
Estimated age316±50 million years[5]
Other designationsMessier 11, NGC 6705, Cr 391, Mel 213, OCl 76.0[6]
Associations
ConstellationScutum
See also: Open cluster, List of open clusters

The Wild Duck Cluster is one of the richest and most compact of the known open clusters. It is one of the most massive open clusters known, and it has been extensively studied. Its age has been estimated to about 316 million years.[5] The core radius is 1.23 pc (4.0 ly) while the tidal radius is 29 pc (95 ly). Estimates for the cluster's mass range from 3,700 M☉[8] to 11,000 M☉,[4] depending on the method chosen. The brightest cluster member is visual magnitude 8, and it has 870 members of at least magnitude 16.5. It has an integrated absolute magnitude of –6.5, and a visual extinction of 1.3.[7]

The cluster is metal-rich with an iron abundance of [Fe/H] = 0.17±0.04. Despite its youth, it shows an enhancement of alpha process elements. Possibly this is due to an enhancement of its birth molecular cloud by a nearby Type II supernova explosion.[5] At least nine variable star members have been identified with high probability, plus 29 lower probability members. The former include two eclipsing binary star systems.[9] The cluster is located 6.8 kpc (22,000 ly) from the Galactic Center, close to the galactic plane, and is not far from its birthplace.[5]

Gallery edit

  •  
    A portion of M11, imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope[10]
  •  
    The blue stars in the centre of the image are the young, hot stars of the cluster.[11]
  •  
    M11 is visible with binoculars in the constellation of Scutum.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Wu, Zhen-Yu; et al. (November 2009), "The orbits of open clusters in the Galaxy", Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 399 (4): 2146–2164, arXiv:0909.3737, Bibcode:2009MNRAS.399.2146W, doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15416.x, S2CID 6066790.
  2. ^ a b Kharchenko, N. V.; et al. (2005), "Astrophysical parameters of Galactic open clusters", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 438 (3): 1163–1173, arXiv:astro-ph/0501674, Bibcode:2005A&A...438.1163K, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20042523, S2CID 9079873.
  3. ^ a b c O'Meara, Stephen James; Levy, David H. (1998), Deep-Sky Companions: The Messier Objects, Cambridge University Press, p. 65, ISBN 978-0521553322.
  4. ^ a b c Santos, J. F. C. Jr.; et al. (October 2005), "Structure and stellar content analysis of the open cluster M 11 with 2MASS photometry", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 442 (1): 201–209, arXiv:astro-ph/0507216, Bibcode:2005A&A...442..201S, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20053378, S2CID 15323948.
  5. ^ a b c d Casamiquela, L.; et al. (March 2018), "NGC 6705 a young α-enhanced open cluster from OCCASO data", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 610: 10, arXiv:1710.11069, Bibcode:2018A&A...610A..66C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201732024, S2CID 59397264, A66.
  6. ^ "M 11". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
  7. ^ a b Crossen, Craig; Rhemann, Gerald (2012), Sky Vistas: Astronomy for Binoculars and Richest-Field Telescopes, Springer Science & Business Media, p. 56, ISBN 978-3709106266.
  8. ^ Cantat-Gaudin, T.; et al. (September 2014), "The Gaia-ESO Survey: Stellar content and elemental abundances in the massive cluster NGC 6705", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 569: 18, arXiv:1407.1510, Bibcode:2014A&A...569A..17C, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201423851, S2CID 5111744, A17.
  9. ^ Messina, S.; et al. (April 2010), "ACE-OC project: rotation and variability in the open cluster M 11 (NGC 6705)", Astronomy and Astrophysics, 513: 26, arXiv:0912.4131, Bibcode:2010A&A...513A..29M, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912373, S2CID 119249067, A29.
  10. ^ "Wild cosmic ducks". spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 25 March 2019.
  11. ^ "Wild Ducks Take Flight in Open Cluster". eso.org. European Southern Observatory. Retrieved 3 October 2014.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wild Duck Cluster.
  • Messier 11, SEDS Messier pages
  • Messier 11 - LRGB result based on 2 hrs total data
  • The Wild Duck Cluster on WikiSky: DSS2, SDSS, GALEX, IRAS, Hydrogen α, X-Ray, Astrophoto, Sky Map, Articles and images


January 01, 1970
wild, duck, cluster, also, known, messier, 6705, open, cluster, stars, constellation, scutum, shield, discovered, gottfried, kirch, 1681, charles, messier, included, catalogue, diffuse, objects, 1764, popular, name, derives, from, brighter, stars, forming, tri. The Wild Duck Cluster also known as Messier 11 or NGC 6705 is an open cluster of stars in the constellation Scutum the Shield It was discovered by Gottfried Kirch in 1681 3 Charles Messier included it in his catalogue of diffuse objects in 1764 Its popular name derives from the brighter stars forming a triangle which could resemble a flying flock of ducks 3 or from other angles one swimming duck The cluster is located just to the east of the Scutum Star Cloud midpoint 7 Wild Duck ClusterOpen cluster Messier 11 in ScutumObservation data J2000 0 epoch Right ascension18h 51m 05 0s 1 Declination 06 16 12 1 Distance6 120 light years 1 877 pc 2 Apparent magnitude V 5 8 3 Apparent dimensions V 22 8 2 Physical characteristicsMass11 000 4 M Radius95 ly 4 Estimated age316 50 million years 5 Other designationsMessier 11 NGC 6705 Cr 391 Mel 213 OCl 76 0 6 AssociationsConstellationScutumSee also Open cluster List of open clusters The Wild Duck Cluster is one of the richest and most compact of the known open clusters It is one of the most massive open clusters known and it has been extensively studied Its age has been estimated to about 316 million years 5 The core radius is 1 23 pc 4 0 ly while the tidal radius is 29 pc 95 ly Estimates for the cluster s mass range from 3 700 M 8 to 11 000 M 4 depending on the method chosen The brightest cluster member is visual magnitude 8 and it has 870 members of at least magnitude 16 5 It has an integrated absolute magnitude of 6 5 and a visual extinction of 1 3 7 The cluster is metal rich with an iron abundance of Fe H 0 17 0 04 Despite its youth it shows an enhancement of alpha process elements Possibly this is due to an enhancement of its birth molecular cloud by a nearby Type II supernova explosion 5 At least nine variable star members have been identified with high probability plus 29 lower probability members The former include two eclipsing binary star systems 9 The cluster is located 6 8 kpc 22 000 ly from the Galactic Center close to the galactic plane and is not far from its birthplace 5 Contents 1 Gallery 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksGallery edit nbsp A portion of M11 imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope 10 nbsp The blue stars in the centre of the image are the young hot stars of the cluster 11 nbsp M11 is visible with binoculars in the constellation of Scutum See also editList of Messier objectsReferences edit a b Wu Zhen Yu et al November 2009 The orbits of open clusters in the Galaxy Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 399 4 2146 2164 arXiv 0909 3737 Bibcode 2009MNRAS 399 2146W doi 10 1111 j 1365 2966 2009 15416 x S2CID 6066790 a b Kharchenko N V et al 2005 Astrophysical parameters of Galactic open clusters Astronomy and Astrophysics 438 3 1163 1173 arXiv astro ph 0501674 Bibcode 2005A amp A 438 1163K doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20042523 S2CID 9079873 a b c O Meara Stephen James Levy David H 1998 Deep Sky Companions The Messier Objects Cambridge University Press p 65 ISBN 978 0521553322 a b c Santos J F C Jr et al October 2005 Structure and stellar content analysis of the open cluster M 11 with 2MASS photometry Astronomy and Astrophysics 442 1 201 209 arXiv astro ph 0507216 Bibcode 2005A amp A 442 201S doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20053378 S2CID 15323948 a b c d Casamiquela L et al March 2018 NGC 6705 a young a enhanced open cluster from OCCASO data Astronomy amp Astrophysics 610 10 arXiv 1710 11069 Bibcode 2018A amp A 610A 66C doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201732024 S2CID 59397264 A66 M 11 SIMBAD Centre de donnees astronomiques de Strasbourg Retrieved November 10 2018 a b Crossen Craig Rhemann Gerald 2012 Sky Vistas Astronomy for Binoculars and Richest Field Telescopes Springer Science amp Business Media p 56 ISBN 978 3709106266 Cantat Gaudin T et al September 2014 The Gaia ESO Survey Stellar content and elemental abundances in the massive cluster NGC 6705 Astronomy amp Astrophysics 569 18 arXiv 1407 1510 Bibcode 2014A amp A 569A 17C doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201423851 S2CID 5111744 A17 Messina S et al April 2010 ACE OC project rotation and variability in the open cluster M 11 NGC 6705 Astronomy and Astrophysics 513 26 arXiv 0912 4131 Bibcode 2010A amp A 513A 29M doi 10 1051 0004 6361 200912373 S2CID 119249067 A29 Wild cosmic ducks spacetelescope org Retrieved 25 March 2019 Wild Ducks Take Flight in Open Cluster eso org European Southern Observatory Retrieved 3 October 2014 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wild Duck Cluster Messier 11 SEDS Messier pages Messier 11 LRGB result based on 2 hrs total data The Wild Duck Cluster on WikiSky DSS2 SDSS GALEX IRAS Hydrogen a X Ray Astrophoto Sky Map Articles and images Portals nbsp Astronomy nbsp Stars nbsp Outer space Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wild Duck Cluster amp oldid 1204552822, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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