The J46 engine was developed as a larger, more powerful version of Westinghouse's J34 engine, about 50% larger. The Westinghouse model number was a continuation of the "X24C" series of the J34. The model number assigned was X24C10, even though the J46 differed in many design features from the smaller J34. It was seen as a lower development risk than the Westinghouse J40 which was in parallel development at the same time.
The development program ran into many problems with this engine, including the original electronic control system, compressor/turbine mismatches, combustion instability and control issues at altitude leading to compressor stalling The produced -8, -8A and -8B engines were all derated from the original design specification on both thrust and specific fuel consumption.[4]
The engine's 12-stage compressor was driven by two turbine stages on a single shaft. Early development engines included a simple "eyelid" afterburner, actuated by control rods that ran the length of the engine. By the time the engine reached production, the rear nozzle had an iris-type "petal" design. The same long control rods now pushed or pulled a ring that ran on rollers, which in turn opened or closed the iris. The original design, using an electronic control system, would have allowed continuous adjustment of afterburner thrust from minimum to maximum. This was abandoned when the electronic control could not be made acceptably reliable; the final afterburner was an "ON/OFF" unit.
3,980 lbf (18.15 kN) thrust[5] Was to be used the Douglas X-3 Stiletto. Failed to exit testing due to thrust shortfalls.
J46-WE-4/-10
3,980 lbf (20.02 kN) thrust[5] The non-A/B version of the J46-WE-2/-8B. Intended for the Douglas F3D-3 SkyKnight but did not go into production because of schedule slippage and the F3D-3 cancellation.
J46-WE-8
3,980 lbf (20.46 kN) (5,800 lbf (27.13 kN) thrust with afterburner)[5] This variant powered both the F7U-3 and F7U-3M, the missile-capable Cutlass.
J46-WE-8A
This variant powered the F7U-3 Cutlass and produced 5,500/5,800 lbf of A/B thrust. All -8A engines were upgraded to the -8B build standard after being produced.
J46-WE-8B
The F7U-3 was equipped with two J46-WE-8B turbojets giving a 680 mph (1,095 km/h) max speed.[6] This variant also powered the Harvey Hustler, a speed boat designed to go faster than 275 mph.[7]
J46-WE-12
This variant powered the F2Y Sea Dart hydroski aircraft. Basically identical to the -8/-8B, the aircraft was equipped with a fresh water spray system that flushed salt deposits out of the engine before takeoff and after shutdown.[8]
J46-WE-18
This variant produced an increased 6,100 lbf (27.1 kN) of A/B thrust for the proposed A2U-1 attack aircraft, an attack variant of the F7U. This variant was canceled with the aircraft program.[8][9]
Project Cutlass, Phoenix Arizona, - six units, including two airworthy engines with afterburners
Hiller Aviation Museum, cutaway exhibit engine
Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, Exhibit 1971-0911, J46-WE-8B, Serial WE405773, 15 total running hours, including acceptance testing and 3 flights in an F7U-3. In storage.
Green Mamba dragster owned by Doug Rose in Tampa, Florida[10]
No -1, -2, -3, -5, -12 or -18 engines are known to exist
Also one unknown serial still in working state for sale in Saint-hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
Oil system: wet sump in accessories gearcase, 3.25 US gallons (12.3 L)
Performance
Maximum thrust: 3,980 pounds-force (17.7 kN) dry, 5,800 pounds-force (26 kN)) afterburning. A "modernization" program replaced many parts on production J46-WE-8B and J46-WE-8 engines to give higher thrust and longer turbine life. On tests fully modernized engines approached 6,000 pounds-force (27 kN)) of thrust. No updated specification was issued to cover such engines. Thrusts and SFC's here are for the official approved specification guarantees.
^Keilman, John (2023-12-10). "Great Balls of Fire! Bus-Melting Jet Cars Are Getting Scarce". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2023-12-11.
^Westinghouse Turbojets (1953). Flight. 13 Nov 1953. pg 642
Bibliographyedit
Roux, Élodie. Turbofan and Turbojet Engines: Database Handbook. Raleigh, North Carolina: Éditions Élodie Roux, 2007. ISBN978-2-9529380-1-3.
January 01, 1970
westinghouse, afterburning, turbojet, engine, developed, westinghouse, aviation, turbine, division, united, states, navy, 1950s, primarily, employed, powering, convair, dart, vought, cutlass, engine, also, powered, land, speed, record, known, wingfoot, express. The Westinghouse J46 is an afterburning turbojet engine developed by the Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division for the United States Navy in the 1950s It was primarily employed in powering the Convair F2Y Sea Dart and Vought F7U Cutlass The engine also powered the land speed record car known as the Wingfoot Express designed by Walt Arfons and Tom Green 1 2 It was intended to power the F3D 3 an improved swept wing variant of the Douglas F3D Skyknight although this airframe was never built 3 J46 J46 WE 8 cutaway Type Afterburning Turbojet National origin United States Manufacturer Westinghouse Aviation Gas Turbine Division Major applications Convair F2Y Sea Dart Vought F7U Cutlass Developed from Westinghouse J34 Contents 1 Design and development 2 Variants 3 Applications 4 Surviving engines 5 Specifications J46 WE 8 5 1 General characteristics 5 2 Components 5 3 Performance 6 See also 7 References 7 1 Notes 7 2 BibliographyDesign and development editThe J46 engine was developed as a larger more powerful version of Westinghouse s J34 engine about 50 larger The Westinghouse model number was a continuation of the X24C series of the J34 The model number assigned was X24C10 even though the J46 differed in many design features from the smaller J34 It was seen as a lower development risk than the Westinghouse J40 which was in parallel development at the same time The development program ran into many problems with this engine including the original electronic control system compressor turbine mismatches combustion instability and control issues at altitude leading to compressor stalling The produced 8 8A and 8B engines were all derated from the original design specification on both thrust and specific fuel consumption 4 The engine s 12 stage compressor was driven by two turbine stages on a single shaft Early development engines included a simple eyelid afterburner actuated by control rods that ran the length of the engine By the time the engine reached production the rear nozzle had an iris type petal design The same long control rods now pushed or pulled a ring that ran on rollers which in turn opened or closed the iris The original design using an electronic control system would have allowed continuous adjustment of afterburner thrust from minimum to maximum This was abandoned when the electronic control could not be made acceptably reliable the final afterburner was an ON OFF unit Variants edit nbsp Maintenance on the J46s of a F7U Cutlass aboard USS Hancock CVA 19 1957 J46 WE 2 J46 WE 3 3 980 lbf 18 15 kN thrust 5 Was to be used the Douglas X 3 Stiletto Failed to exit testing due to thrust shortfalls J46 WE 4 10 3 980 lbf 20 02 kN thrust 5 The non A B version of the J46 WE 2 8B Intended for the Douglas F3D 3 SkyKnight but did not go into production because of schedule slippage and the F3D 3 cancellation J46 WE 8 3 980 lbf 20 46 kN 5 800 lbf 27 13 kN thrust with afterburner 5 This variant powered both the F7U 3 and F7U 3M the missile capable Cutlass J46 WE 8A This variant powered the F7U 3 Cutlass and produced 5 500 5 800 lbf of A B thrust All 8A engines were upgraded to the 8B build standard after being produced J46 WE 8B The F7U 3 was equipped with two J46 WE 8B turbojets giving a 680 mph 1 095 km h max speed 6 This variant also powered the Harvey Hustler a speed boat designed to go faster than 275 mph 7 J46 WE 12 This variant powered the F2Y Sea Dart hydroski aircraft Basically identical to the 8 8B the aircraft was equipped with a fresh water spray system that flushed salt deposits out of the engine before takeoff and after shutdown 8 J46 WE 18 This variant produced an increased 6 100 lbf 27 1 kN of A B thrust for the proposed A2U 1 attack aircraft an attack variant of the F7U This variant was canceled with the aircraft program 8 9 Applications editConvair F2Y Sea Dart Douglas X 3 Stiletto intended Vought F7U CutlassSurviving engines editThis section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed September 2018 Learn how and when to remove this message Carolinas Aviation Museum four units in storage three came from Florida Also have two afterburner units not attached to engines Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum two units including a 8 cutaway on display see photo above Project Cutlass Phoenix Arizona six units including two airworthy engines with afterburners Hiller Aviation Museum cutaway exhibit engine Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Exhibit 1971 0911 J46 WE 8B Serial WE405773 15 total running hours including acceptance testing and 3 flights in an F7U 3 In storage Green Mamba dragster owned by Doug Rose in Tampa Florida 10 No 1 2 3 5 12 or 18 engines are known to exist Also one unknown serial still in working state for sale in Saint hyacinthe Quebec CanadaSpecifications J46 WE 8 editData from 4 11 General characteristics Type afterburning turbojet Length 198 in 5 0 m Diameter 28 in 0 86 m Dry weight 2116 lb 952 5 kg Components Compressor single spool 12 stage axial Combustors annular walking stick evaporators Turbine 2 stage turbine Fuel type JP 4 JP3 or avgas Oil system wet sump in accessories gearcase 3 25 US gallons 12 3 L Performance Maximum thrust 3 980 pounds force 17 7 kN dry 5 800 pounds force 26 kN afterburning A modernization program replaced many parts on production J46 WE 8B and J46 WE 8 engines to give higher thrust and longer turbine life On tests fully modernized engines approached 6 000 pounds force 27 kN of thrust No updated specification was issued to cover such engines Thrusts and SFC s here are for the official approved specification guarantees Overall pressure ratio 5 32 1 Air mass flow 73 lb s 33 kg s Turbine inlet temperature 1 525 F 829 C Specific fuel consumption 1 088 lb lbf h 30 8 g kN s dry 2 40 lb lbf h 68 g kN s wet Thrust to weight ratio 2 3 1 dry 2 9 1 afterburningSee also editRelated development Westinghouse J34 Westinghouse J40 Related lists List of aircraft enginesReferences edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Westinghouse J46 Notes edit Air amp Space Magazine March 01 2009 Oldies and Oddities The Bonneville Jet Wars Air amp Space Magazine March 01 2009 Oldies and Oddities The Bonneville Jet Wars Photos Vectorsite net F3D Skynight a b Aero Engines 1954 1954 Flight 9 Apr 1954 pg 461 a b c Roux 2007 pp 237 238 History Wars Weapons F7U Cutlass Cady Steve 1965 Californians Seek Water Speed Mark The New York Times 28 Nov 1965 pg S11 a b Aero Engines 1956 1956 Flight 11 May 1956 p 596 Westinghouse J46 Axial Turbojet Family Paul Christiansen Bleeg Publishing 2016 ISBN 978 0692764886 Keilman John 2023 12 10 Great Balls of Fire Bus Melting Jet Cars Are Getting Scarce The Wall Street Journal Retrieved 2023 12 11 Westinghouse Turbojets 1953 Flight 13 Nov 1953 pg 642 Bibliography edit Roux Elodie Turbofan and Turbojet Engines Database Handbook Raleigh North Carolina Editions Elodie Roux 2007 ISBN 978 2 9529380 1 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Westinghouse J46 amp oldid 1197831887, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
