The first instance of Wenzhounese romanisation begins with the language documentation efforts of Christian missionaries who translated the Bible into many varieties of Chinese in both Chinese characters and in phonetic romanisation systems based largely on the Wade-Giles system. The first romanised form of Wenzhounese can be seen in an 1892 Gospel of Matthew translation.[1]
In 2004, father-and-son team Shen Kecheng (Chinese: 沈克成; pinyin: Shěn Kèchéng) and Shen Jia (Chinese: 沈迦; pinyin: Shěn Jiā) published the work Wenzhouhua (simplified Chinese: 温州话; traditional Chinese: 溫州話; pinyin: Wēnzhōuhuà), which outlines a systematic method for romanising each initial and rhyme of the dialect. Its primary orthographic innovation is its means of expressing the three-way distinction of Wu stops in an orthography that distinguishes only between voiced and unvoiced stops.
The Wade-Giles-based systems deal with this as k, k', and g to represent /k/, /kʰ/, and /ɡ/. Since voiced obstruents no longer exist in Standard Chinese, pinyin deals with /k/ and /kʰ/ as g and k respectively. The Shens use the same basic method and transcribe voiced stops by duplicating the voiced series of letters so /ɡ/ is gg in the system. Likewise, /ɦ/ is transcribed as hh.
They adopt other pinyin conventions, such as x for what is normally transcribed in Chinese usage of the IPA as /ɕ/ and c for /tsʰ/. Vowels are transcribed with a number of digraphs, but few are innovations. The influence of Chinese IMEs is seen in their system as well since v denotes /y/ and ov denotes /œy/. Another way that it diverges from pinyin is in Wenzhounese's unrounded alveolar apical vowel/ɨ/, which is written as ii, since, unlike Mandarin, apical vowels are not in complementary distribution with /i/ in Wenzhounese.
Tones, however, are marked not by diacritics or tone spelling but by simply placing superscript values of Chao's tone lettering system.[3]
^Chan, Sin-wai (2001). An Encyclopaedia of Translation: Chinese-English, English-Chinese. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press. p. 67. ISBN962-201-997-8.
^Chaò-Chḯ Yi-sû Chï-tuh Sang Iah Sìng shï: Sz̀ fuh-iang tà sź-du 'ae-djüe fa üe-tsiu t'û¹-'ò (in Wenzhounese). Dà-ìang sing-shï whaỳi yiáng-ge. 1894. p. 1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
^Shen, Kecheng 沈克成 (2009). Wēnzhōuhuà 温州话 (in Chinese). Ningbo: Níngbo chubanshe. pp. 32–35. ISBN978-7-80602-811-7.
April 11, 2024
wenzhounese, romanisation, romanisation, wenzhou, dialect, chinese, part, greater, simplified, chinese, traditional, chinese, grouping, dialects, centred, city, refers, latin, alphabet, represent, sounds, dialect, group, contents, early, romanisation, contempo. Romanisation of the Wenzhou dialect of Wu Chinese part of the greater Ōu simplified Chinese 瓯 traditional Chinese 甌 grouping of Wu dialects centred on the city refers to the use of the Latin alphabet to represent the sounds of the dialect group Contents 1 Early romanisation 2 Contemporary 2 1 Rhymes 2 2 Initials 3 See also 4 ReferencesEarly romanisation editThe first instance of Wenzhounese romanisation begins with the language documentation efforts of Christian missionaries who translated the Bible into many varieties of Chinese in both Chinese characters and in phonetic romanisation systems based largely on the Wade Giles system The first romanised form of Wenzhounese can be seen in an 1892 Gospel of Matthew translation 1 nbsp The four Gospels and Acts written in Wenzhounese 2 Contemporary editIn 2004 father and son team Shen Kecheng Chinese 沈克成 pinyin Shen Kecheng and Shen Jia Chinese 沈迦 pinyin Shen Jia published the work Wenzhouhua simplified Chinese 温州话 traditional Chinese 溫州話 pinyin Wenzhōuhua which outlines a systematic method for romanising each initial and rhyme of the dialect Its primary orthographic innovation is its means of expressing the three way distinction of Wu stops in an orthography that distinguishes only between voiced and unvoiced stops The Wade Giles based systems deal with this as k k and g to represent k kʰ and ɡ Since voiced obstruents no longer exist in Standard Chinese pinyin deals with k and kʰ as g and k respectively The Shens use the same basic method and transcribe voiced stops by duplicating the voiced series of letters so ɡ is gg in the system Likewise ɦ is transcribed as hh They adopt other pinyin conventions such as x for what is normally transcribed in Chinese usage of the IPA as ɕ and c for tsʰ Vowels are transcribed with a number of digraphs but few are innovations The influence of Chinese IMEs is seen in their system as well since v denotes y and ov denotes œy Another way that it diverges from pinyin is in Wenzhounese s unrounded alveolar apical vowel ɨ which is written as ii since unlike Mandarin apical vowels are not in complementary distribution with i in Wenzhounese Tones however are marked not by diacritics or tone spelling but by simply placing superscript values of Chao s tone lettering system 3 Rhymes edit Romanisation Wugniu IPA Example charactersa a a 矮反鞋媽ae ae ɛ 杏鹦行㧸ai ai ai 北個國十au au au 甌愁狗有e eo ɜ 鏖保草否ee e e 愛才德黑ei ei ei 比池肥式eu ou ɤu 臭豆流多i i i 野鼻變長ia ia ia 丫药着腳iai iai iai 乙益甩急ie iae iɛ 腰打橫兩ii y ɨ 書吃思溪o o o 恶茶車學oe oe o 暗半端亂ov eu oy 步父婦魚u u u 乌部果委uie uiae uiɛ 奣uo uao uɔ 拗飽當爪uo iuao yɔ 壅共双从v iu y 溫安干月n n n 唔ng ng ŋ 餓二我吳ang an aŋ 本分今京eng en eŋ 病稱民星ong on oŋ 東豐空夢Initials edit Romanisation IPA Example charactersb p 把百半本bb b 白抱備別c tsʰ 采草測產d t 打帶刀島dd d 大地動頭f f 反福火分g k 該高歌工gg ɡ 厚渠峽跔h h 風海好黑hh ɦ 房孩紅華i j 安溫央也j tɕ 見叫斤酒jj dʑ 件舊僅狂k kʰ 開考科肯l l 來郎老雷m m 馬買滿毛n n 拿內奶男ny ɲ 你鳥捏女ng ŋ 礙傲牛瓦p pʰ 怕拍跑片q tɕʰ 出窗千春s s 散掃色殺ss z 愁詞存靜t tʰ 他塔湯體u u 歪彎屋挖w v 犯肥份飯x ɕ 少手雙先y j 床就前全z ts 雞早進真zz dz 才茶沉池See also editWenzhounese Wu Chinese ShanghaineseReferences edit Chan Sin wai 2001 An Encyclopaedia of Translation Chinese English English Chinese Hong Kong The Chinese University Press p 67 ISBN 962 201 997 8 Chao Chḯ Yi su Chi tuh Sang Iah Sing shi Sz fuh iang ta sz du ae djue fa ue tsiu t u o in Wenzhounese Da iang sing shi whaỳi yiang ge 1894 p 1 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint unrecognized language link Shen Kecheng 沈克成 2009 Wenzhōuhua 温州话 in Chinese Ningbo Ningbo chubanshe pp 32 35 ISBN 978 7 80602 811 7 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wenzhounese romanisation amp oldid 1110471096, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
