This article is about the canonical Qur'an reciter. For other uses, see Warsh (disambiguation).
Abu Sa'id Uthman Ibn Sa‘id al-Qutbi, better known as Warsh (110-197AH), was a significant figure in the history of Quranic recitation (qira'at), the canonical methods of reciting the Qur'an.[1] Alongside Qalun, he was one of the two primary transmitters of the canonical reading method of Nafi‘ al-Madani.[1][2][3] Together, their style is the most common form of Qur'anic recitation in the generality of African mosques outside of Egypt,[4] and is also popular in Yemen[5] and Darfur despite the rest of Sudan following the method of Hafs.[6] The method of Warsh and his counterpart Qalun was also the most popular method of recitation in Al-Andalus.[7] The majority of printed Mushafs today in North Africa and West Africa follow the reading of Warsh.[8]
Warsh (ورش)
Born
728CE 110AH
Egypt
Died
812CE 197AH
Egypt
Other names
Abu Sa'id Uthman Ibn Sa‘id al-Qutbi, عثمان بن سعيد بن عبد الله ، أبو سعيد المصري
Warsh 'an Naafi' is one of the main canonical methods of reciting the Qur'an. The recitations of the Quran, known in Arabic as Qira'at, are conducted under the rules of the Tajwid Science.[9] It is attributed to Imam Warsh who in turn got it from his teacher Nafi‘ al-Madani who was one of the transmitters of the seven recitations. The recitation of Warsh 'an Naafi' is one of two major recitation traditions. The second is Hafs 'an 'Asim.
History
Imam Warsh (110-197AH) was born Uthman Ibn Sa‘id al-Qutbi in Egypt. He was called Warsh, a substance of milk, by his teacher Naafi' because he was light skinned.[10] He learned his recitation from Naafi' at Medina. After finishing his education, he returned to Egypt where he became the senior reciter of the Quran.[11]
In the 10th century, the Muslim scholar Ibn Mujāhid canonized the seven readings of the Quran including Warsh 'an Naafi'. However, only the transmission of Asim and Warsh remains influential.[12] The Warsh 'an Naafi' recitation became widespread in North Africa, in large part because it was the preferred recitation of Imam Malik ibn Anas, whose Maliki school of jurisprudence predominated in that region of the world. In Medieval times, it was the main Quranic recitation in Islamic Iberia. The Warsh 'an Naafi' transmission represents the recitational tradition of Medina.
Comparison of Warsh and Hafs recitation
The Warsh 'an Naafi' recitation of the Quran differs from Hafs 'an Asim in orthography. The majority of differences do not affect the meaning. Yet in some cases the differences change the implications of the verse. In verse 2:184 Hafs recites the verse to be "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding a poor person...". On the other hand, Warsh reads it "... a ransom [as substitute] of feeding poor people..."[13] Other variants that go beyond orthography include :
Another major difference between Hafs and Warsh recitation of the Quran is the pronunciation of the words. Modern Qurans have diacritical marks (known as Tashkil) and in some cases pronouncing the word differently could imply different meaning. Here are some examples:
^ ab"The Ten Readers and their Transmitters". www.islamic-awareness.org. Retrieved 2022-12-02.
^ abNasser, Shady (2012-11-09). The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur??n: The Problem of Taw?tur and the Emergence of Shaw?dhdh. BRILL. ISBN978-90-04-24081-0.
^McAuliffe, Jane Dammen (2006-11-23). The Cambridge Companion to the Qur'ān. Cambridge University Press. ISBN978-0-521-53934-0.
^Glassé, Cyril (2003). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Rowman Altamira. ISBN978-0-7591-0190-6.
^Small, Keith E. (2011-04-22). Textual Criticism and Qur'an Manuscripts. Lexington Books. ISBN978-0-7391-4291-2.
^Ali, Hamid Eltgani (2014-08-21). Darfur's Political Economy: A quest for development. Routledge. ISBN978-1-317-96464-3.
^Harvey, L. P. (2008-09-15). Muslims in Spain, 1500 to 1614. University of Chicago Press. ISBN978-0-226-31965-0.
^Geissinger, Aisha (2015-06-02). Gender and Muslim Constructions of Exegetical Authority: A Rereading of the Classical Genre of Qurʾān Commentary. BRILL. ISBN978-90-04-29444-8.
^Glassé, Cyril; Smith, Huston (14 November 2016). The New Encyclopedia of Islam. Rowman Altamira. ISBN978-0-7591-0190-6 – via Google Books.
^Nasser, Shady Hekmat. The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur'an: The Problem of Tawatur and the Emergence of Shawadhdh. Leiden: Brill, 2013, p. 154
^Melchert, Christopher (2000). "Ibn Mujahid and the Establishment of Seven Qur'anic Readings". Studia Islamica (91): 5–22. doi:10.2307/1596266. JSTOR 1596266.
^A.Brockett, Studies in Two Transmission of the Qur'an, doctorate thesis, University of St. Andrews,Scotland, 1984, p.138
April 28, 2023
warsh, this, article, about, canonical, reciter, other, uses, disambiguation, uthman, qutbi, better, known, 197ah, significant, figure, history, quranic, recitation, qira, canonical, methods, reciting, alongside, qalun, primary, transmitters, canonical, readin. This article is about the canonical Qur an reciter For other uses see Warsh disambiguation Abu Sa id Uthman Ibn Sa id al Qutbi better known as Warsh 110 197AH was a significant figure in the history of Quranic recitation qira at the canonical methods of reciting the Qur an 1 Alongside Qalun he was one of the two primary transmitters of the canonical reading method of Nafi al Madani 1 2 3 Together their style is the most common form of Qur anic recitation in the generality of African mosques outside of Egypt 4 and is also popular in Yemen 5 and Darfur despite the rest of Sudan following the method of Hafs 6 The method of Warsh and his counterpart Qalun was also the most popular method of recitation in Al Andalus 7 The majority of printed Mushafs today in North Africa and West Africa follow the reading of Warsh 8 Warsh ورش Born728CE110AHEgyptDied812CE197AHEgyptOther namesAbu Sa id Uthman Ibn Sa id al Qutbi عثمان بن سعيد بن عبد الله أبو سعيد المصريHe died in 812CE 2 Contents 1 Warsh recitation 2 History 3 Comparison of Warsh and Hafs recitation 4 See also 4 1 Ten readers and transmitters 5 ReferencesWarsh recitation EditMain article Warsh recitation Warsh an Naafi is one of the main canonical methods of reciting the Qur an The recitations of the Quran known in Arabic as Qira at are conducted under the rules of the Tajwid Science 9 It is attributed to Imam Warsh who in turn got it from his teacher Nafi al Madani who was one of the transmitters of the seven recitations The recitation of Warsh an Naafi is one of two major recitation traditions The second is Hafs an Asim History EditImam Warsh 110 197AH was born Uthman Ibn Sa id al Qutbi in Egypt He was called Warsh a substance of milk by his teacher Naafi because he was light skinned 10 He learned his recitation from Naafi at Medina After finishing his education he returned to Egypt where he became the senior reciter of the Quran 11 In the 10th century the Muslim scholar Ibn Mujahid canonized the seven readings of the Quran including Warsh an Naafi However only the transmission of Asim and Warsh remains influential 12 The Warsh an Naafi recitation became widespread in North Africa in large part because it was the preferred recitation of Imam Malik ibn Anas whose Maliki school of jurisprudence predominated in that region of the world In Medieval times it was the main Quranic recitation in Islamic Iberia The Warsh an Naafi transmission represents the recitational tradition of Medina Comparison of Warsh and Hafs recitation EditThe Warsh an Naafi recitation of the Quran differs from Hafs an Asim in orthography The majority of differences do not affect the meaning Yet in some cases the differences change the implications of the verse In verse 2 184 Hafs recites the verse to be a ransom as substitute of feeding a poor person On the other hand Warsh reads it a ransom as substitute of feeding poor people 13 Other variants that go beyond orthography include رواية ورش عن نافع رواية حفص عن عاصم Ḥafs Warsh Chapter and Verseي ع م ل ون ت ع م ل ون you do they do Al Baqara 2 85و أ و ص ى و و ص ى enjoined instructed Al Baqara 2 132س ار ع وا و س ار ع وا And hasten to Hasten to Al imran 3 133م ا ت ن ز ل م ا ن ن ز ل we do not send down they do not come down Al Ḥijr 15 8ق ل ق ال he said say Al Anbiya 21 4ك ث ير ا ك ب ير ا mighty multitudinous Al Aḥzab 33 68ب م ا ف ب م ا then it is what it is what Al Shura 42 30ن د خ ل ه ي د خ ل ه he makes him enter we make him enter Al Fatḥ 48 17Another major difference between Hafs and Warsh recitation of the Quran is the pronunciation of the words Modern Qurans have diacritical marks known as Tashkil and in some cases pronouncing the word differently could imply different meaning Here are some examples رواية ورش عن نافع رواية حفص عن عاصم Ḥafs Warsh Chapter and Verseم ل ك م ال ك Owner King Al Fatihah Q1 4 Q1 3 in Warsh ي ك ذ ب ون ي ك ذ ب ون they lie they were lied to or they deny Al Baqara Q2 10 Q2 9 in Warsh ق ت ل ق ات ل And many a prophet fought And many a prophet was killed Al imran Q3 146س اح ر ان س ح ر ان two works of magic two magicians Al Qasas Q28 48See also EditTen readers and transmitters Edit Nafi al Madani Qalun Warsh Ibn Kathir al Makki Al Bazzi Qunbul Abu Amr ibn al Ala Ad Duri Al Susi Ibn Amir ad Dimashqi Hisham ibn Ammar Ibn Dhakwan Aasim ibn Abi al Najud Shu bah Hafs Hamzah az Zaiyyat Khalaf Khallad Al Kisa i Al Layth Ad Duri Abu Ja far Isa ibn Waddan Ibn Jummaz Ya qub al Yamani Ruways Rawh Khalaf Ishaq IdrisFa قرائت ورش از نافعReferences Edit a b The Ten Readers and their Transmitters www islamic awareness org Retrieved 2022 12 02 a b Nasser Shady 2012 11 09 The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur n The Problem of Taw tur and the Emergence of Shaw dhdh BRILL ISBN 978 90 04 24081 0 McAuliffe Jane Dammen 2006 11 23 The Cambridge Companion to the Qur an Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 53934 0 Glasse Cyril 2003 The New Encyclopedia of Islam Rowman Altamira ISBN 978 0 7591 0190 6 Small Keith E 2011 04 22 Textual Criticism and Qur an Manuscripts Lexington Books ISBN 978 0 7391 4291 2 Ali Hamid Eltgani 2014 08 21 Darfur s Political Economy A quest for development Routledge ISBN 978 1 317 96464 3 Harvey L P 2008 09 15 Muslims in Spain 1500 to 1614 University of Chicago Press ISBN 978 0 226 31965 0 Geissinger Aisha 2015 06 02 Gender and Muslim Constructions of Exegetical Authority A Rereading of the Classical Genre of Qurʾan Commentary BRILL ISBN 978 90 04 29444 8 Glasse Cyril Smith Huston 14 November 2016 The New Encyclopedia of Islam Rowman Altamira ISBN 978 0 7591 0190 6 via Google Books Encyclopedia The Arabic الموسوعة العربية Nasser Shady Hekmat The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qur an The Problem of Tawatur and the Emergence of Shawadhdh Leiden Brill 2013 p 154 Melchert Christopher 2000 Ibn Mujahid and the Establishment of Seven Qur anic Readings Studia Islamica 91 5 22 doi 10 2307 1596266 JSTOR 1596266 A Brockett Studies in Two Transmission of the Qur an doctorate thesis University of St Andrews Scotland 1984 p 138 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Warsh amp oldid 1136804238, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
