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The War of the Emboabas (Portuguese: Guerra dos Emboabas, lit. 'newcomers' war') was a conflict in colonial Brazil waged in 1706-1707 and 1708-1709 over newly discovered gold fields, which had set off a rush to the region between two generations of Portuguese settlers in the viceroyalty of Brazil - then the Captaincy of São Vicente. The discovery of gold set off a rush to the region, Paulistas asserted rights of discovery and non-Paulistas challenged their claims. Although the Portuguese crown sought more control in the area and the Paulistas sought protection of their claims, the Emoboabas won. The crown re-assessed its position in the region and made administrative changes subsequently.[1]
Starting from the village of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga (now São Paulo) the Bandeirantes had explored most of what is now southeastern and southwestern Brazil, effectively taking advantage of the union of the Crowns of Portugal and Spain from 1580 to 1640 to incorporate all the former Spanish territories then west of the Tordesilhas Line. Their goal was to capture new Indian slaves (which put them in conflict with the Jesuit Reductions), recapture runaway slaves and find precious minerals.
Their search was rewarded in an area just north of their original Capitania, until then inaccessible, which became Minas dos Matos Gerais and is now Minas Gerais. However the mines, while rich, were in a vast area they could not effectively settle, so theynattracted a gold rush from Portugal. The newcomers, called Emboabas, found an alternative, shorter route to the sea; the Caminho Novo das Minas dos Matos Gerais to São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro on Guanabara Bay, bypassing and alienating the original discoverers.
As soon as news of the discovery of gold spread thousands of outsiders moved to the area and became known pejoratively as "Emboabas". The term is derived from the Tupimbóaba which literally means "hairy leg" (mbo (leg) + tab (hairy)). Originally the term referred to birds with feathered legs and as, unlike the Paulista pioneers, the outsiders always wore knee-high boots with their trousers tucked in, giving them the name.[2][3][4][5]
Alternatively, according to the Dicionário Houaiss emboaba could be derived from the Tupi words mbo (do) and tab (hurt) meaning "those who invade or attack" and would be applied to a group rather than an individual.
Regulation of the distribution of mines between Emboabas and Paulistas.
Regulation of collection of the quinto do ouro tax.
Breakup on 3 November 1709 of the Province of São Vicente into São Paulo e Minas de Ouro and Rio de Janeiro, ruled directly by the Crown.
São Paulo attained city status.
End of the wars in the mining areas with the crown assuming the administrative control of the region.
The defeat of Paulistas caused some of them to move west where, years later, they would discover new gold deposits in the current states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso and Goiás.
The production of gold after the war increased so that Minas Gerais became the richest region of Brazil between 1740 and 1760.
References
^Donald Ramos, "Emoboabas" in Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture, vol. 2, p. 487-88. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons 1996.
^NAVARRO, EA (2013). Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: the classical Indian language of Brazil] (in Portuguese). São Paulo: Global. p. 560.
^"Há controvérsias" (in Portuguese). Biblioteca Nacional. 2008-10-01.
^FURTADO, Júnia Ferreira. José Rodrigues Abreu e a geografia imaginária emboaba da conquista do ouro. In: Modos de Governar - Ideias e práticas políticas no Império Português séculos XVI a XIX. BICALHO, Maria Fernanda & FERLINI, Vera Lúcia do Amaral (Orgs.). 1ª ed. São Paulo: Alameda, 2005, p.278
Further reading
Cardozo, Manoel S. "The Guerra dos Emboabas, Civli War in Minas Gerais, 1708-1709". Hispanic American Historical Review 22 (August 1942), 470-492.
Franco, Francisco de Assis Carvalho, "Dicionário de Bandeirantes e Sertanistas do Brasil", Ed. São Paulo University, São Paulo, Ed Itatiaia, Belo Horizonte (1989)
Leme, Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes, "Nobiliarquia Paulistana Histórica e Genealógica", Ed. São Paulo University (1980, São Paulo).
Mello, José Soares de. Emboabas. São Paulo: Governo do estado de São Paulo, 1942.
Miranda, Ana. "O retrato do rei" São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 1991. Romance brasileiro.
Taunay, Afonso de E., "Relatos Sertanistas", Ed. São Paulo University (1981, São Paulo)
Taunay, Afonso de E., "História das Bandeiras Paulistas", Ed. Melhoramentos (São Paulo)
Ribeiro, Berta. O índio na história do Brasil. Editora Global, 1987.
January 20, 2023
emboabas, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, july, 2015, learn. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources War of the Emboabas news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese April 2011 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Portuguese article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 1 447 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Portuguese Wikipedia article at pt Guerra dos Emboabas see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated pt Guerra dos Emboabas to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The War of the Emboabas Portuguese Guerra dos Emboabas lit newcomers war was a conflict in colonial Brazil waged in 1706 1707 and 1708 1709 over newly discovered gold fields which had set off a rush to the region between two generations of Portuguese settlers in the viceroyalty of Brazil then the Captaincy of Sao Vicente The discovery of gold set off a rush to the region Paulistas asserted rights of discovery and non Paulistas challenged their claims Although the Portuguese crown sought more control in the area and the Paulistas sought protection of their claims the Emoboabas won The crown re assessed its position in the region and made administrative changes subsequently 1 War of the EmboabasDate1707 1709LocationModern day Minas GeraisResultDefeat of the paulistas Creation of the Captaincy of Sao Paulo and Minas de OuroBelligerentsPaulistasEuropean emboabas Emboabas from Portugal and other parts of Portuguese AmericaCommanders and leadersBorba GatoManuel Nunes Viana Contents 1 History 2 Consequences 3 References 4 Further readingHistory EditStarting from the village of Sao Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga now Sao Paulo the Bandeirantes had explored most of what is now southeastern and southwestern Brazil effectively taking advantage of the union of the Crowns of Portugal and Spain from 1580 to 1640 to incorporate all the former Spanish territories then west of the Tordesilhas Line Their goal was to capture new Indian slaves which put them in conflict with the Jesuit Reductions recapture runaway slaves and find precious minerals Their search was rewarded in an area just north of their original Capitania until then inaccessible which became Minas dos Matos Gerais and is now Minas Gerais However the mines while rich were in a vast area they could not effectively settle so theynattracted a gold rush from Portugal The newcomers called Emboabas found an alternative shorter route to the sea the Caminho Novo das Minas dos Matos Gerais to Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro on Guanabara Bay bypassing and alienating the original discoverers The Bandeirantes or Paulistas tried to assert rights of precedence but were defeated As a result the provinces of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro were formed their capital cities of Vila Rica do Ouro Preto and Sao Sebastiao do Rio de Janeiro respectively became the new centers of power in the vice kingdom of Brazil Sao Sebastiao later shortened to its present name of Rio de Janeiro became the capital city of the viceroyalty and later of the United Kingdom of Portugal Brazil and the Algarves As soon as news of the discovery of gold spread thousands of outsiders moved to the area and became known pejoratively as Emboabas The term is derived from the Tupi mboaba which literally means hairy leg mbo leg tab hairy Originally the term referred to birds with feathered legs and as unlike the Paulista pioneers the outsiders always wore knee high boots with their trousers tucked in giving them the name 2 3 4 5 Alternatively according to the Dicionario Houaiss emboaba could be derived from the Tupi words mbo do and tab hurt meaning those who invade or attack and would be applied to a group rather than an individual Consequences Edit Brazil after the war Regulation of the distribution of mines between Emboabas and Paulistas Regulation of collection of the quinto do ouro tax Breakup on 3 November 1709 of the Province of Sao Vicente into Sao Paulo e Minas de Ouro and Rio de Janeiro ruled directly by the Crown Sao Paulo attained city status End of the wars in the mining areas with the crown assuming the administrative control of the region The defeat of Paulistas caused some of them to move west where years later they would discover new gold deposits in the current states of Mato Grosso do Sul Mato Grosso and Goias The production of gold after the war increased so that Minas Gerais became the richest region of Brazil between 1740 and 1760 References Edit Donald Ramos Emoboabas in Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture vol 2 p 487 88 New York Charles Scribner s Sons 1996 Ramos Emboaba p 487 NAVARRO EA 2013 Dicionario de tupi antigo a lingua indigena classica do Brasil Dictionary of Old Tupi the classical Indian language of Brazil in Portuguese Sao Paulo Global p 560 Ha controversias in Portuguese Biblioteca Nacional 2008 10 01 FURTADO Junia Ferreira Jose Rodrigues Abreu e a geografia imaginaria emboaba da conquista do ouro In Modos de Governar Ideias e praticas politicas no Imperio Portugues seculos XVI a XIX BICALHO Maria Fernanda amp FERLINI Vera Lucia do Amaral Orgs 1ª ed Sao Paulo Alameda 2005 p 278Further reading EditCardozo Manoel S The Guerra dos Emboabas Civli War in Minas Gerais 1708 1709 Hispanic American Historical Review 22 August 1942 470 492 Boxer Charles R The Golden Age of Brazil 1695 1750 1964 Franco Francisco de Assis Carvalho Dicionario de Bandeirantes e Sertanistas do Brasil Ed Sao Paulo University Sao Paulo Ed Itatiaia Belo Horizonte 1989 Leme Pedro Taques de Almeida Paes Nobiliarquia Paulistana Historica e Genealogica Ed Sao Paulo University 1980 Sao Paulo Mello Jose Soares de Emboabas Sao Paulo Governo do estado de Sao Paulo 1942 Miranda Ana O retrato do rei Sao Paulo Companhia das Letras 1991 Romance brasileiro Taunay Afonso de E Relatos Sertanistas Ed Sao Paulo University 1981 Sao Paulo Taunay Afonso de E Historia das Bandeiras Paulistas Ed Melhoramentos Sao Paulo Ribeiro Berta O indio na historia do Brasil Editora Global 1987 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title War of the Emboabas amp oldid 1100389378, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
