The name of Presnya (noun; adjective: Presnensky) district is inherited from the Presnya River, now flowing largely in an underground pipe and entering the Moskva River immediately west of the White House of Russia. Ponds that were set up on Presnya River and its tributaries in the seventeenth century survive as Patriarshy Pond (one of three ponds formerly on the Bubna stream in the Goat Marsh area) and the Moscow Zoo ponds (on the Presnya River proper).[5]
Another small north–south brook flows in piping two kilometers west from Presnya river. Today, it fills four ponds separating the old Presnya district from the Expocenter and Moskva-City developments. This river, named in municipal reports as Studenetz (after a spring on its route) or Vaganskoi (after a cemetery) River[6] flows just under 4 km.[7]
Present-day Krasnaya Presnya street is a part of a historical road connecting Moscow with Novgorod via Volokolamsk since the twelfth century. In the 17th century, lands south of the road were managed by Patriarch Joachim's court, lands north from it belonged to Voskresenskoye settlement, laid down by Tsar Feodor III. This royal village housed a private zoo, a distant predecessor of current Moscow Zoo. Peter I, Feodor's brother a co-ruler, was a frequent guest here. In 1729, Voskresenskoe became property of Vakhtang VI of Kartli, a deposed Georgian king in exile. The memories of Vakhtang and his court remain in the names of Gruzinskaya (Georgian) streets; however, the Georgian community there dispersed within nineteenth century. At the same time, there was and still is a sizable Armenian community; Armenian cemetery remains in Presnensky district (adjacent to Vagankovo Russian Orthodox cemetery).
By 1787, there were four ponds on the Presnya, with a wooden bridge, two dams and a water mill; in 1805, a stone bridge was built. The Studenetz area was a popular picnic destination; the same time, 1798, the famous Trekhgornaya textile factory was built. Entertainment relocated east, closer to Presnya River, and the Kremlin Administrator, Valuev, made a short-lived miracle of converting the dirty banks of the Presnya into an upper-class promenade.
Entertainment continued with the private Studenetz Park and the public Moscow Zoo (1864). But the district itself became an industrial, densely populated working-class area.
In the December 1905 the whole district, the centre of textile industry, was taken over by revolutionary militias; government troops had to bring in artillery to subdue the revolt. Much of the Presnya district was destroyed, and more than one thousand, mostly civilians caught in the fighting, had been killed.[8] In the November 1917, Presnya workers took over the neighborhood again. Martemyan Ryutin was secretary of the local Communist Party in 1932, when the Ryutin Affair occurred; this was one of the last attempts to block Joseph Stalin's rise to power from within the party.
In the 1920s, streets of central Presnya were rebuilt into five to six story housing for the workers, although most of the district remained wooden low-rises. Stalinist construction projects concentrated on Garden Ring, while the working-class areas east of it were neglected. In the Leonid Brezhnev era, major administrative buildings were built including the White House of Russia (1975–1981), Comecon Building (1964–1968) and the Center for International Trade (1977–1981), and numerous look-alike apartment blocks.
Moscow-City project, conceived in 1992, commenced after the 1998 crises. At the same time, old industrial properties are torn down and replaced with office space of varying quality. Tram network in Presnensky District, severely cut in 1950s and 1973, was destroyed in 2000–2004 (see photographs with English text ).
Some of the factories located in the district, such as Trekhgornaya Manufaktura, had been converted in the loft area with offices of fashion and media companies, including Forward Media Group, as well as restaurants, bars and night clubs. Another big manufactory known as Zavod Krasnaya Presnya was pulled down and new residential district appeared instead.
Tishinskaya Square (Tishinka) is another expensive area on the other side of Garden ring, between the Zoo and Tverskaya
Shelepikha, a five-story residential area on the western end of Presnensky District, is the next candidate for major redevelopment.
Yermakova Roshcha, once a park on Studenets Brook, is an industrial area within a triangle of railroads (between Shelepikha and the Moscow International Business Center). So far, the City Hall has no plans to redevelop this area.
References
^"26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
^"Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
^Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
^Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
^This section is based on P.V.Sytin's "History of Moscow Streets" (1948)
^Река Ваганьковский Студенец, in State Document "О состоянии окружающей природной среды города Москвы в 2002 году", 2002
^For more on Studenetz cold spring, which discharges in one of these ponds and gives its name to Studenetz villa and park, and perhaps to the river, see: (Russian) "Памятники архитектуры Москвы. Окрестности старой Москвы", М., 2004 ISBN5-98051-011-7 (Moscow architectural monuments. Suburbs of old Moscow, 2004)
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January 21, 2023
presnensky, district, coordinates, 74667, 53694, 74667, 53694, russian, Пре, сненский, райо, commonly, called, presnya, Пре, сня, district, central, administrative, okrug, federal, city, moscow, russia, population, 2010, census, 2002, census, Пресненский, райо. Coordinates 55 44 48 N 37 32 13 E 55 74667 N 37 53694 E 55 74667 37 53694 Presnensky District Russian Pre snenskij rajo n commonly called Presnya Pre snya is a district of Central Administrative Okrug of the federal city of Moscow Russia Population 123 284 2010 Census 3 116 979 2002 Census 4 Presnensky District Presnenskij rajonDistrictA view of the southern portion of Presnensky District with the White House of Russia to the rightFlagCoat of armsLocation of Presnensky District on the map of MoscowCoordinates 55 44 48 N 37 32 13 E 55 74667 N 37 53694 E 55 74667 37 53694CountryRussiaFederal subjectMoscowPopulation Estimate 2018 1 127 462Time zoneUTC 3 MSK 2 OKTMO ID45380000Websitehttps presnya mos ru The district is home to the Moscow Zoo White House of Russia Kudrinskaya Square Building Patriarshy Ponds Vagankovo Cemetery and Moscow City financial district under construction It is unusually large and diverse among the Central Okrug Districts combining affluent residential administrative and old industrial neighborhoods Contents 1 History 2 Modern history 3 Neighborhoods 4 References 5 Bibliography 6 External linksHistory EditThe name of Presnya noun adjective Presnensky district is inherited from the Presnya River now flowing largely in an underground pipe and entering the Moskva River immediately west of the White House of Russia Ponds that were set up on Presnya River and its tributaries in the seventeenth century survive as Patriarshy Pond one of three ponds formerly on the Bubna stream in the Goat Marsh area and the Moscow Zoo ponds on the Presnya River proper 5 Another small north south brook flows in piping two kilometers west from Presnya river Today it fills four ponds separating the old Presnya district from the Expocenter and Moskva City developments This river named in municipal reports as Studenetz after a spring on its route or Vaganskoi after a cemetery River 6 flows just under 4 km 7 View of Presnensky District from the Moskva River Present day Krasnaya Presnya street is a part of a historical road connecting Moscow with Novgorod via Volokolamsk since the twelfth century In the 17th century lands south of the road were managed by Patriarch Joachim s court lands north from it belonged to Voskresenskoye settlement laid down by Tsar Feodor III This royal village housed a private zoo a distant predecessor of current Moscow Zoo Peter I Feodor s brother a co ruler was a frequent guest here In 1729 Voskresenskoe became property of Vakhtang VI of Kartli a deposed Georgian king in exile The memories of Vakhtang and his court remain in the names of Gruzinskaya Georgian streets however the Georgian community there dispersed within nineteenth century At the same time there was and still is a sizable Armenian community Armenian cemetery remains in Presnensky district adjacent to Vagankovo Russian Orthodox cemetery By 1787 there were four ponds on the Presnya with a wooden bridge two dams and a water mill in 1805 a stone bridge was built The Studenetz area was a popular picnic destination the same time 1798 the famous Trekhgornaya textile factory was built Entertainment relocated east closer to Presnya River and the Kremlin Administrator Valuev made a short lived miracle of converting the dirty banks of the Presnya into an upper class promenade Entertainment continued with the private Studenetz Park and the public Moscow Zoo 1864 But the district itself became an industrial densely populated working class area In the December 1905 the whole district the centre of textile industry was taken over by revolutionary militias government troops had to bring in artillery to subdue the revolt Much of the Presnya district was destroyed and more than one thousand mostly civilians caught in the fighting had been killed 8 In the November 1917 Presnya workers took over the neighborhood again Martemyan Ryutin was secretary of the local Communist Party in 1932 when the Ryutin Affair occurred this was one of the last attempts to block Joseph Stalin s rise to power from within the party Modern history Edit Moscow International Business Center In the 1920s streets of central Presnya were rebuilt into five to six story housing for the workers although most of the district remained wooden low rises Stalinist construction projects concentrated on Garden Ring while the working class areas east of it were neglected In the Leonid Brezhnev era major administrative buildings were built including the White House of Russia 1975 1981 Comecon Building 1964 1968 and the Center for International Trade 1977 1981 and numerous look alike apartment blocks Moscow City project conceived in 1992 commenced after the 1998 crises At the same time old industrial properties are torn down and replaced with office space of varying quality Tram network in Presnensky District severely cut in 1950s and 1973 was destroyed in 2000 2004 see photographs with English text tram rusign com Some of the factories located in the district such as Trekhgornaya Manufaktura had been converted in the loft area with offices of fashion and media companies including Forward Media Group as well as restaurants bars and night clubs Another big manufactory known as Zavod Krasnaya Presnya was pulled down and new residential district appeared instead Neighborhoods Edit Patriarshy Ponds Moscow City future financial district of Moscow also intended to house all administrative offices of City Hall Patriarshy Ponds an affluent residential area within the Garden Ring the site of Bulgakov s Master and Margarita Tishinskaya Square Tishinka is another expensive area on the other side of Garden ring between the Zoo and Tverskaya Shelepikha a five story residential area on the western end of Presnensky District is the next candidate for major redevelopment Yermakova Roshcha once a park on Studenets Brook is an industrial area within a triangle of railroads between Shelepikha and the Moscow International Business Center So far the City Hall has no plans to redevelop this area References Edit 26 Chislennost postoyannogo naseleniya Rossijskoj Federacii po municipalnym obrazovaniyam na 1 yanvarya 2018 goda Federal State Statistics Service Retrieved January 23 2019 Ob ischislenii vremeni Oficialnyj internet portal pravovoj informacii in Russian June 3 2011 Retrieved January 19 2019 Russian Federal State Statistics Service 2011 Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2010 goda Tom 1 2010 All Russian Population Census vol 1 Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2010 goda 2010 All Russia Population Census in Russian Federal State Statistics Service Russian Federal State Statistics Service May 21 2004 Chislennost naseleniya Rossii subektov Rossijskoj Federacii v sostave federalnyh okrugov rajonov gorodskih poselenij selskih naselyonnyh punktov rajonnyh centrov i selskih naselyonnyh punktov s naseleniem 3 tysyachi i bolee chelovek Population of Russia Its Federal Districts Federal Subjects Districts Urban Localities Rural Localities Administrative Centers and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3 000 XLS Vserossijskaya perepis naseleniya 2002 goda All Russia Population Census of 2002 in Russian This section is based on P V Sytin s History of Moscow Streets 1948 Reka Vagankovskij Studenec in State Document O sostoyanii okruzhayushej prirodnoj sredy goroda Moskvy v 2002 godu 2002 For more on Studenetz cold spring which discharges in one of these ponds and gives its name to Studenetz villa and park and perhaps to the river see Russian Pamyatniki arhitektury Moskvy Okrestnosti staroj Moskvy M 2004 ISBN 5 98051 011 7 Moscow architectural monuments Suburbs of old Moscow 2004 Figes p 201Bibliography EditFiges Orlando A People s Tragedy The Russian Revolution 1891 1924 London The Bodley Head ISBN 9781847922915 External links EditOfficial website of Presnensky district 1929 map www mosmap narod ru Current map www napresne info Acrobat PDF file Unofficial website of Presnensky District Wikimedia Commons has media related to Presnensky Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Presnensky District amp oldid 1056128768, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
