An early Sovnarkom decree, introducing the "Western European calendar" in Russia. The decree prescribed that 14 February, 1918 (New style) would immediately follow 31 January, 1918 (Old style)
The Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR (Russian: Совет народных комиссаров РСФСР) was the governmental cabinet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) from 1917 through 1946. That year it was renamed the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR. Following the Declaration of the Creation of the USSR in 1922, state powers of this institution of the RSFSR were somewhat superseded by the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR.
The government was formally called the Council of People's Commissars (Совет народных коммиссаров), abbreviated as Sovnarkom (Совнарком). Leon Trotsky devised the council and commissar names, thereby avoiding the more "bourgeois" terms of minister and cabinet.
The People's Commissars (Russian: Народный комиссар, translit.: Narodny komissar, or Narkom) functioned as government ministers. A ministry was called a People's Commissariat (Russian: Народный комиссариат, translit.: Narodny komissariat, abbreviated to narkomat).
Formationedit
Traditionally, the executive part of a government is directed by a council of ministers nominated by a ruler or by a president. The Bolsheviks considered this to be a bourgeois institution, and wanted to create what they believed was a new government made up of a 'soviet' of workers and peasants.
The role and structure of the Sovnarkom was formalized in the 1918 Constitution of the RSFSR. The Sovnarkom of the RSFSR was responsible to the Congress of Soviets for the "general administration of the affairs of the state". The constitution enabled the Sovnarkom to issue decrees carrying the full force of law when the Congress was not in session. The Congress would routinely approve these decrees at its next session.
Each People's Commissar was head of commissariat and had several deputies and a collegium, which functioned as a deliberative body to advise the commissar.
The Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, also elected by the Congress, had a function similar to that of a prime minister. The first Chairman of the Sovnarkom was Vladimir Lenin.
First People's Commissarsedit
The first council elected by the Second All-Russian congress was composed by the following 14 members. Eight of the men were executed and one died in prison during the late 1930s, a time of the Great Purge by Joseph Stalin, then General Secretary of the Communist Party and leader of the USSR. Trotsky was assassinated in Mexico in 1940.
^"First council of people's Commiserate based on the original Soviet decree by Lenin. "Verified by edition: Decrees of the Soviet government. T.I. Moscow, State Publishing House of Political Literature, 1957."".
^Ellman, Michael (2002). "Soviet Repression Statistics: Some Comments" (PDF). Europe-Asia Studies. 54 (7): 1151–1172. doi:10.1080/0966813022000017177. S2CID 43510161. The best estimate that can currently be made of the number of repression deaths in 1937–38 is the range 950,000–1.2 million, i.e . about a million. This is the estimate which should be used by historians, teachers and journalists concerned with twentieth century Russian—and world—history
The Consul General at Moscow (Summers) to the Secretary of State, Yale University
The decree of the Council of the People's Commissars on the ...
April 13, 2024
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This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations December 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Following the October Revolution Vladimir Lenin became the head of the new government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic It was known officially as the Council of People s Commissars effectively his cabinet Ten of the council s fourteen members would later be killed during Joseph Stalin s Great Purge 1 2 Lenin Government12th Cabinet of Russia as Russian SFSR Date formed8 November 1917Date dissolved21 January 1924People and organisationsHead of governmentVladimir LeninMember partiesBolsheviksLeft Socialist Revolutionaries 1917 1918 Status in legislatureMajority 1917 1921 Sole legal party from 1921 Opposition cabinetKomuch 1918 Ufa Directory 1918 Omsk Government 1918 1920 Priamurye Government 1920 1923 Opposition partiesSocialist Revolutionaries 1917 1921 Mensheviks 1917 1921 Left Socialist Revolutionaries 1918 1921 HistoryIncoming formationAlexander Kerensky s Second CabinetOutgoing formationAlexei Rykov s CabinetPredecessorAlexander KerenskySuccessorAlexei RykovAn early Sovnarkom decree introducing the Western European calendar in Russia The decree prescribed that 14 February 1918 New style would immediately follow 31 January 1918 Old style Contents 1 Council of People s Commissars 1 1 Formation 1 2 First People s Commissars 2 References 3 External linksCouncil of People s Commissars editThe Council of People s Commissars of the RSFSR Russian Sovet narodnyh komissarov RSFSR was the governmental cabinet of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic RSFSR from 1917 through 1946 That year it was renamed the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR Following the Declaration of the Creation of the USSR in 1922 state powers of this institution of the RSFSR were somewhat superseded by the Council of People s Commissars of the USSR By September 1917 the councils soviets of workers peasants and soldiers acquired considerable political and military power The leaders of the Petrograd Soviet conspired to overthrow the Russian Provisional Government the uprising started on 7 November 1917 when Red Guards units captured the Winter Palace On the next day 8 November 1917 the Second All Russian Congress of Soviets recognized the success of the uprising and formally established the new government reflecting the capture of the soviets by the Bolsheviks The government was formally called the Council of People s Commissars Sovet narodnyh kommissarov abbreviated as Sovnarkom Sovnarkom Leon Trotsky devised the council and commissar names thereby avoiding the more bourgeois terms of minister and cabinet The People s Commissars Russian Narodnyj komissar translit Narodny komissar or Narkom functioned as government ministers A ministry was called a People s Commissariat Russian Narodnyj komissariat translit Narodny komissariat abbreviated to narkomat Formation edit Traditionally the executive part of a government is directed by a council of ministers nominated by a ruler or by a president The Bolsheviks considered this to be a bourgeois institution and wanted to create what they believed was a new government made up of a soviet of workers and peasants The role and structure of the Sovnarkom was formalized in the 1918 Constitution of the RSFSR The Sovnarkom of the RSFSR was responsible to the Congress of Soviets for the general administration of the affairs of the state The constitution enabled the Sovnarkom to issue decrees carrying the full force of law when the Congress was not in session The Congress would routinely approve these decrees at its next session Each People s Commissar was head of commissariat and had several deputies and a collegium which functioned as a deliberative body to advise the commissar The Chairman of the Council of People s Commissars also elected by the Congress had a function similar to that of a prime minister The first Chairman of the Sovnarkom was Vladimir Lenin First People s Commissars edit The first council elected by the Second All Russian congress was composed by the following 14 members Eight of the men were executed and one died in prison during the late 1930s a time of the Great Purge by Joseph Stalin then General Secretary of the Communist Party and leader of the USSR Trotsky was assassinated in Mexico in 1940 People s Commissar Original incumbent DeathChairman Vladimir Lenin Natural causes 1924Administrator of Affairs Vladimir Bonch Bruyevich Natural causes 1955People s Commissariat for Agriculture of the RSFSR Vladimir Milyutin citation needed Died in prison 1937 3 People s Commissariat for Military Affairs of the RSFSR Vladimir Antonov Ovseyenko Nikolai Krylenko Executed 1938 or 1939People s Commissariat for Naval Affairs of the RSFSR Pavel Dybenko Executed 1938People s Commissariat for Trade and Industry of the RSFSR Viktor Nogin Natural causes 1924People s Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR Anatoly Lunacharsky Natural causes 1933People s Commissariat for Food Ivan Teodorovich Executed 1937People s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs of the RSFSR Leon Trotsky Assassinated 1940People s Commissariat for Interior Affairs of the RSFSR Alexei Rykov Executed 1938People s Commissariat for Justice of the RSFSR Georgy Oppokov Executed 1938People s Commissariat for Labour of the RSFSR Alexander Shlyapnikov Executed 1937People s Commissariat of Nationalities Joseph Stalin Natural causes 1953People s Commissariat for Posts and Telegraphs of the RSFSR Nikolai Glebov Avilov Executed 1937People s Commissariat for Railways of the RSFSR Mark Yelizarov at first vacant People s Commissariat for Finance Ivan Skvortsov Stepanov Typhus 1928References edit First council of people s Commiserate based on the original Soviet decree by Lenin Verified by edition Decrees of the Soviet government T I Moscow State Publishing House of Political Literature 1957 Ellman Michael 2002 Soviet Repression Statistics Some Comments PDF Europe Asia Studies 54 7 1151 1172 doi 10 1080 0966813022000017177 S2CID 43510161 The best estimate that can currently be made of the number of repression deaths in 1937 38 is the range 950 000 1 2 million i e about a million This is the estimate which should be used by historians teachers and journalists concerned with twentieth century Russian and world history D B Riazonov by Boris Souvarine accessed 3 December 2008External links editThe Consul General at Moscow Summers to the Secretary of State Yale University The decree of the Council of the People s Commissars on the Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lenin 27s First and Second Government amp oldid 1210263305, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
