A minister is a politician who heads a ministry,[1][2] making and implementing decisions on policies in conjunction with the other ministers. In some jurisdictions the head of government is also a minister and is designated the ‘prime minister’, ‘premier’, ‘chief minister’, ‘chancellor’ or other title.
In Commonwealth realm jurisdictions which use the Westminster system of government, ministers are usually required to be members of one of the houses of Parliament or legislature, and are usually from the political party that controls a majority in the lower house of the legislature. In other jurisdictions—such as Belgium, Mexico, Netherlands,[3][note 1]Philippines, Slovenia, and Nigeria—the holder of a cabinet-level post or other government official is not permitted to be a member of the legislature. Depending on the administrative arrangements in each jurisdiction, ministers are usually heads of a government department and members of the government's ministry, cabinet and perhaps of a committee of cabinet. Some ministers may be more senior than others, and some may hold the title ’assistant minister’ or ‘deputy minister’. Some jurisdictions, with a large number of ministers, may designate ministers to be either in the inner or outer ministry or cabinet.
Finland's first female ministers were brought to Finnish Parliament shortly after the turn of the 20th century.[4] From left to right: Hedvig Gebhard (1867–1961), member of parliament, and Miina Sillanpää (1866–1952), Minister of Social Affairs,[4][5] in 1910.
The term minister comes from Middle English, deriving from the Old French word ministre, originally minister in Latin, meaning "servant, attendant", which itself was derived from the word 'minus' meaning "less".[6]
In jurisdictions that use the Westminster system of government—such as the United Kingdom and Australia—ministers or their equivalents are selected from the legislature, and usually from the political party that controls a majority in the lower house of the legislature. In jurisdictions with strict separation of powers—such as Belgium, Mexico, Netherlands, Philippines, and the United States—ministers cannot be members of the legislature, and a legislator chosen to become a minister must resign from the legislature.
Normally the leader of the majority party becomes the prime minister, or an office of equivalent function, and selects the other ministers. In the Westminster system, these ministers continue to represent their constituency in parliament while being part of the government. Individuals who are not in parliament may be appointed as a minister, usually in order to bring special skills to the government.
In the United Kingdom, a government minister does not have to be a member of either House of Parliament. In practice, however, convention is that ministers must be members of either the House of Commons or House of Lords in order to be accountable to Parliament. From time to time, Prime Ministers appoint non-parliamentarians as ministers. In recent years such ministers have been appointed to the House of Lords.[7]
Some ministers may hold multiple portfolios and lead several ministries simultaneously, while multiple ministers with separate portfolios may oversee a single ministry, or may also share both ministerial and deputy-ministerial portfolios in different ministries. A cabinet minister can sometimes be in charge of no ministry at all, and is then known as a "minister without portfolio".
^Once a minister's position is vacant, the minister can be a member of parliament, in accordance with article 57 section 3 of the Dutch constitution.
References
^. Oxford Dictionary. Archived from the original on November 19, 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
^"Minister". Collins Dictionary. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
^"Grondwet". wetten.overheid.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2021-03-10.
^ ab"Real bridge-builder became Finland's first female government minister - thisisFINLAND". thisisFINLAND. 2017-09-29. Retrieved 2017-10-01.
^Korppi-Tommola, Aura (2016), Miina Sillanpää - edelläkävijä, Helsinki: Suomen kirjallisuuden seura, ISBN978-952-222-724-9
^The word Minister Definition, dictionary.com dictionaries
^Maer, Lucinda (2017-09-04). "Ministers in the House of Lords". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
January 15, 2023
minister, government, councillor, state, redirects, here, differently, spelled, role, should, confused, counsellor, state, junior, minister, redirects, here, position, government, northern, ireland, junior, minister, northern, ireland, minister, politician, he. Councillor of state redirects here For the differently spelled role it should not be confused for see Counsellor of State Junior Minister redirects here For the position in the government of Northern Ireland see Junior Minister Northern Ireland A minister is a politician who heads a ministry 1 2 making and implementing decisions on policies in conjunction with the other ministers In some jurisdictions the head of government is also a minister and is designated the prime minister premier chief minister chancellor or other title In Commonwealth realm jurisdictions which use the Westminster system of government ministers are usually required to be members of one of the houses of Parliament or legislature and are usually from the political party that controls a majority in the lower house of the legislature In other jurisdictions such as Belgium Mexico Netherlands 3 note 1 Philippines Slovenia and Nigeria the holder of a cabinet level post or other government official is not permitted to be a member of the legislature Depending on the administrative arrangements in each jurisdiction ministers are usually heads of a government department and members of the government s ministry cabinet and perhaps of a committee of cabinet Some ministers may be more senior than others and some may hold the title assistant minister or deputy minister Some jurisdictions with a large number of ministers may designate ministers to be either in the inner or outer ministry or cabinet In some jurisdictions such as Hong Kong Mexico the Philippines the United Kingdom and the United States holders of an equivalent cabinet level post are called secretaries e g the Home Secretary in the United Kingdom Secretary of State in the United States Some holders of a cabinet level post may have another title such as Attorney General or Postmaster General Contents 1 Etymology 2 Types of ministers and their name 3 See also 4 Notes 5 ReferencesEtymology Edit Finland s first female ministers were brought to Finnish Parliament shortly after the turn of the 20th century 4 From left to right Hedvig Gebhard 1867 1961 member of parliament and Miina Sillanpaa 1866 1952 Minister of Social Affairs 4 5 in 1910 The term minister also is used in diplomacy for a diplomat of the second class such as in the title Minister Plenipotentiary ranking between an Ambassador and a Minister Resident The term minister comes from Middle English deriving from the Old French word ministre originally minister in Latin meaning servant attendant which itself was derived from the word minus meaning less 6 In jurisdictions that use the Westminster system of government such as the United Kingdom and Australia ministers or their equivalents are selected from the legislature and usually from the political party that controls a majority in the lower house of the legislature In jurisdictions with strict separation of powers such as Belgium Mexico Netherlands Philippines and the United States ministers cannot be members of the legislature and a legislator chosen to become a minister must resign from the legislature Normally the leader of the majority party becomes the prime minister or an office of equivalent function and selects the other ministers In the Westminster system these ministers continue to represent their constituency in parliament while being part of the government Individuals who are not in parliament may be appointed as a minister usually in order to bring special skills to the government In the United Kingdom a government minister does not have to be a member of either House of Parliament In practice however convention is that ministers must be members of either the House of Commons or House of Lords in order to be accountable to Parliament From time to time Prime Ministers appoint non parliamentarians as ministers In recent years such ministers have been appointed to the House of Lords 7 Types of ministers and their name EditVarious countries form ministries as Cabinets see List of cabinets Other cabinets are usually included in Politics of articles Lists of incumbents groups lists of ministers by countrySpecific ministers include Agriculture minister Commerce minister Communications minister Culture minister Defence minister Electricity minister Home minister Deputy prime minister Education minister Energy minister Environment minister Finance minister Foreign minister Housing minister Health minister Industry minister Interior minister Justice minister Labour minister Mental health minister Prime minister Public works minister Science minister Sports minister Tourism minister Transport ministerSome ministers may hold multiple portfolios and lead several ministries simultaneously while multiple ministers with separate portfolios may oversee a single ministry or may also share both ministerial and deputy ministerial portfolios in different ministries A cabinet minister can sometimes be in charge of no ministry at all and is then known as a minister without portfolio See also EditMinister of the Crown Ministry government department Ministry collective executive Notes Edit Once a minister s position is vacant the minister can be a member of parliament in accordance with article 57 section 3 of the Dutch constitution References Edit Minister Oxford Dictionary Archived from the original on November 19 2017 Retrieved 17 June 2018 Minister Collins Dictionary Retrieved 17 June 2018 Grondwet wetten overheid nl in Dutch Retrieved 2021 03 10 a b Real bridge builder became Finland s first female government minister thisisFINLAND thisisFINLAND 2017 09 29 Retrieved 2017 10 01 Korppi Tommola Aura 2016 Miina Sillanpaa edellakavija Helsinki Suomen kirjallisuuden seura ISBN 978 952 222 724 9 The word Minister Definition dictionary com dictionaries Maer Lucinda 2017 09 04 Ministers in the House of Lords a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Minister government amp oldid 1128445227, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
