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Vicente Blasco Ibáñez

January 01, 1970

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Blasco and the second or maternal family name is Ibáñez.

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez (Spanish pronunciation: [biˈθente ˈβlaskojˈβaɲeθ], 29 January 1867 – 28 January 1928) was a journalist, politician and bestselling Spanish novelist in various genres whose most widespread and lasting fame in the English-speaking world is from Hollywood films that were adapted from his works.

Vicente Blasco Ibáñez
Blasco Ibáñez in 1919
BornVicente Blasco Ibáñez
(1867-01-29)29 January 1867
Valencia, Spain
Died28 January 1928(1928-01-28) (aged 60)
Menton, France
Resting placeValencia Cemetery
LanguageSpanish
NationalitySpanish
Literary movementRealism

Biography edit

He was born in Valencia. At university, he studied law and graduated in 1888 but never went into practice since he was more interested in politics, journalism and literature. He was a particular fan of Miguel de Cervantes.

In politics, he was a militant Republican partisan in his youth, and he founded the newspaper El Pueblo (translated as The People) in his hometown, in which he developed a Republican populist political movement known as Blasquismo [es].[1] The newspaper aroused so much controversy that it was taken to court many times. In 1896, he was arrested and sentenced to a few months in prison. He made many enemies and was shot and almost killed in one dispute. The bullet was caught in the clasp of his belt. He had several stormy love affairs.

He volunteered as the proofreader for the novel Noli Me Tangere in which the Filipino patriot José Rizal expressed his contempt of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.[2]

He traveled to Argentina in 1909 where two new settlements, Nueva Valencia, and Cervantes, were created. He gave conferences on historical events and Spanish literature. Tired and disgusted with government failures and inaction, he moved to Paris at the beginning of the First World War. Living in Paris, he had been introduced to the poet and writer Robert W. Service by their mutual publisher Fisher Unwin, who asked Service to act as an interpreter for a contract concerning Ibáñez.[3]

He was a supporter of the Allies during the First World War.

He died in 1928 in Menton, France, the day before his 61st birthday, at Fontana Rosa (also called the House of Writers), the house he had built and dedicated to Miguel de Cervantes, Charles Dickens and Honoré de Balzac.

He had expressed his desire that his body would return to Valencia when Spain became a republic. In October 1933, his remains were carried by the Spanish battleship Jaime I to Valencia where authorities of the Second Spanish Republic received it. After several days of public homage, the coffin was deposited in a niche in the civil cemetery of Valencia. A mausoleum by Mariano Benlliure remained unfinished and was deposited in the Museum of Fine Arts in 1940. It was relocated to the Centre del Carme [es] in 1988 and, in 2017, back to the museum. It is planned that the mausoleum will be finished in 2021 and Blasco's remains stored in it.[4]

Writing career edit

His first published novel was La araña negra ("The Black Spider") in 1892. The immature work that he later repudiated was a study of the connections between a noble Spanish family and the Jesuits throughout the 19th century. It seems to have been a vehicle for him to express his anticlerical views.

In 1894, he published his first mature work, the novel “Arroz y tartana” (Airs and Graces). The story is about a widow in late-19th-century Valencia trying to keep up appearances to marry her daughters well. His next books consist of detailed studies of aspects of rural life in the farmlands of Valencia, the so-called huerta that the Moorish colonizers had created to grow crops such as rice, vegetables and oranges, with a carefully planned irrigation system in an otherwise arid landscape. The concern with depicting the details of this lifestyle qualifies what he called an example of costumbrismo:

  • Flor de mayo (1895) ('Mayflower')
  • La barraca (1898)[5] ('The Hut')
  • Entre naranjos [es] (1900)[6] ('Between Orange Trees')
  • Cañas y barro [es] (1902)[7] ('Reeds and Mud')

The works also show the influence of naturalism, which he would most likely have assimilated through reading Émile Zola. The characters in the works are determined by the interaction of heredity, environment and social conditions (race, milieu et moment), and the novelist is acting as a kind of scientist drawing out the influences that act upon them at any given moment. They are powerful works but are sometimes flawed by heavy-handed didactic elements. For example, in La Barraca, the narrator often preaches the need for these ignorant people to be better educated. There is also a strong political element as he shows how destructive it is for the poor farmworkers to be fighting one another rather than uniting against their true oppressors – the church and the landowners. However, along the preaching are lyrical and highly detailed accounts of how the irrigation canals are managed and of the workings of the age-old “tribunal de las aguas”, a court composed of farmers that meets weekly near Valencia Cathedral to decide which farm gets to receive water and when and arbitrates on disputes on access to water. “Cañas y barro” is often adjudged[citation needed] the masterpiece of that phase of Blasco Ibáñez’s writings.

After that, his writing changed markedly. He left behind costumbrismo and Naturalism and began to set his novels in more cosmopolitan locations than the huerta of Valencia. His plots became more sensational and melodramatic. Academic criticism of him in the English-speaking world has largely ignored those works, but they form by far the majority of his published output: some 30 works. Some of these works attracted the attention of Hollywood studios and became the basis of celebrated films.

Prominently, Sangre y arena [es] (Blood and Sand, 1908), which follows the career of Juan Gallardo from his poor beginnings as a child in Seville to his rise to celebrity as a matador in Madrid, where he falls under the spell of the seductive Doña Sol, which leads to his downfall. Ibáñez directed a 65 min film version in 1916.[8] There were three remakes in 1922, 1941 and 1989.

His greatest personal success probably came from the novel The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1916), which tells a tangled tale of the French and German sons-in-law of an Argentinian landowner who find themselves fighting on opposite sides during the First World War. When it was filmed by Rex Ingram in 1921, it became the vehicle that propelled Rudolph Valentino to stardom.

Rex Ingram also filmed Mare Nostrum, a spy story from 1918 that was filmed in 1926 as a vehicle for his wife Alice Terry at his MGM studio in Nice. Michael Powell claimed in his memoirs that he had his first experience of working in films on that production.

A further two Hollywood films can be singled out, as they were the first films that were made by Greta Garbo following her arrival at MGM in Hollywood: The Torrent (based on Entre naranjos from 1900) and The Temptress (derived from La Tierra de Todos from 1922).

Works edit

 
"La araña negra" (1892) volume I.
 
Woman Triumphant, a translation of La maja desnuda by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez into English
  • La araña negra (1892)
  • Arroz y tartana (1894)
  • Flor de mayo (1895)
  • Cuentos valencianos (1896)
  • La barraca (1898). English translation: The Shack.
  • Entre naranjos (1900), another Valencian piece.[9]
  • Cañas y barro (1902), about life among the fishermen-peasants of the Albufera marshes in Valencia.[10]
  • El establo de Eva (1902), short story.
  • El parásito del tren (1902), short story.
  • La catedral (1903)
  • El intruso (1904), about immigration to the Basque Country.
  • La bodega (1905)
  • La horda (1905)
  • Novísima geografia universal (translation) by Onesime and Elisé Reclus, 6 volumes (1906)
  • La maja desnuda (1906), novel with title inspired on Goya's painting The Nude Maja. English translation: Woman Triumphant.
  • Oriente (1907)
  • Voluntad de vivir (1907, published in 1953)
  • Sangre y arena (1908), about a matador in a love triangle. English translation: Blood and Sand.
  • Los muertos mandan (1909)
  • Luna Benamor (1909)
  • Argentina y sus grandezas (1910)
  • Los argonautas (1914)
  • Los cuatro jinetes del Apocalipsis (1916), about Argentina and the First World War.[11] English translation: The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.
  • Mare Nostrum (1918), a spy novel in the Mediterranean.
  • Los enemigos de la mujer (1919). English translation: Enemies of Women.
  • El préstamo de la difunta (1921)
  • El paraíso de las mujeres (1922)
  • La familia de Doctor Pedraza (1922)
  • La tierra de todos (1922)
  • La reina Calafia (1924)
  • Novelas de la costa azul (1924)
  • Vuelta del mundo de un novelista (1924–25), a travelogue.
  • El papa del mar (1925), about the antipope Benedict XIII, who established his court at Peñíscola.
  • A los pies de Venus (1926)
  • El caballero de la virgen (1929)
  • En busca del Gran Khan (1929)
  • Fantasma de las alas de oro (1930)
  • La Pared (n/a)
  • Vistas sudamericanas (n/a)

Adaptations edit

References edit

  1. ^ Liberales, agitadores y conspiradores : biografías heterodoxas del siglo XIX. Isabel Burdiel, Manuel Pérez Ledesma. Madrid: Espasa Calpe. 2000. ISBN 84-239-6048-X. OCLC 45619844.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  2. ^ ""NOLI ME TANGERE": JOSE RIZAL PHILIPPINES HISTORY NOVEL". Cambridge Forecast Group Blog. 15 October 2009. Retrieved 26 September 2021.
  3. ^ "Robert W. Service (1874-1958) Poet & Adventurer: Vicente Blasco Ibáñez (1867-1928)".
  4. ^ Cuquerella, Toni (11 April 2021). "La complicada historia de la tumba de Blasco Ibáñez, el escritor y político que quería reposar en una València republicana". ElDiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  5. ^ "The Project Gutenberg eBook of Obras Completas De V. Blasco Ibañez, by AUTHOR".
  6. ^ "Archived copy". from the original on March 10, 2006. Retrieved 2005-09-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). (PDF) from the original on March 10, 2006. Retrieved 2005-09-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ "Sangre y arena (1916) - FilmAffinity".
  9. ^ . 27 October 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2009.
  10. ^ (PDF). 26 October 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2009.
  11. ^ . Archived from the original on October 26, 2009. Retrieved 2005-09-30.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

External links edit

Works in Spanish edit

English translations edit

  • Mare Nostrum (Our Sea): A Novel. translator Charlotte Brewster Jordan. E.P. Dutton. 1919.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  • Blood and Sand: A Novel. translator W. A. Gillespe. E.P. Dutton. 1919.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  • La Bodega. translator Isaac Goldberg. E.P. Dutton. 1919.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  • The Blood of the Arena. translator Frances Douglas. A. C. McClurg & Company. 1911.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  • Woman Triumphant (La Maja Desnuda). translator Hayward Keniston. E.P. Dutton. 1920.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  • Edmund R. Brown, ed. (1919). The Last Lion: And Other Tales. Branden Books. pp. 15–.
  • The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse at Project Gutenberg Bestseller in the United States in 1919.

Further links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vicente Blasco Ibáñez.
 
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Vicente Blasco Ibáñez
  • Works by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez at Project Gutenberg
  • Works by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez at Faded Page (Canada)
  • Works by or about Vicente Blasco Ibáñez at Internet Archive
  • Works by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)  
  • The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse in the original Spanish with English translation
  • Newspaper clippings about Vicente Blasco Ibáñez in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW

January 01, 1970
vicente, blasco, ibáñez, this, spanish, name, first, paternal, surname, blasco, second, maternal, family, name, ibáñez, spanish, pronunciation, biˈθente, ˈβlaskojˈβaɲeθ, january, 1867, january, 1928, journalist, politician, bestselling, spanish, novelist, vari. In this Spanish name the first or paternal surname is Blasco and the second or maternal family name is Ibanez Vicente Blasco Ibanez Spanish pronunciation biˈ8ente ˈblaskojˈbaɲe8 29 January 1867 28 January 1928 was a journalist politician and bestselling Spanish novelist in various genres whose most widespread and lasting fame in the English speaking world is from Hollywood films that were adapted from his works Vicente Blasco IbanezBlasco Ibanez in 1919BornVicente Blasco Ibanez 1867 01 29 29 January 1867Valencia SpainDied28 January 1928 1928 01 28 aged 60 Menton FranceResting placeValencia CemeteryLanguageSpanishNationalitySpanishLiterary movementRealism Contents 1 Biography 2 Writing career 3 Works 3 1 Adaptations 4 References 5 External links 5 1 Works in Spanish 5 2 English translations 5 3 Further linksBiography editHe was born in Valencia At university he studied law and graduated in 1888 but never went into practice since he was more interested in politics journalism and literature He was a particular fan of Miguel de Cervantes In politics he was a militant Republican partisan in his youth and he founded the newspaper El Pueblo translated as The People in his hometown in which he developed a Republican populist political movement known as Blasquismo es 1 The newspaper aroused so much controversy that it was taken to court many times In 1896 he was arrested and sentenced to a few months in prison He made many enemies and was shot and almost killed in one dispute The bullet was caught in the clasp of his belt He had several stormy love affairs He volunteered as the proofreader for the novel Noli Me Tangere in which the Filipino patriot Jose Rizal expressed his contempt of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines 2 He traveled to Argentina in 1909 where two new settlements Nueva Valencia and Cervantes were created He gave conferences on historical events and Spanish literature Tired and disgusted with government failures and inaction he moved to Paris at the beginning of the First World War Living in Paris he had been introduced to the poet and writer Robert W Service by their mutual publisher Fisher Unwin who asked Service to act as an interpreter for a contract concerning Ibanez 3 He was a supporter of the Allies during the First World War He died in 1928 in Menton France the day before his 61st birthday at Fontana Rosa also called the House of Writers the house he had built and dedicated to Miguel de Cervantes Charles Dickens and Honore de Balzac He had expressed his desire that his body would return to Valencia when Spain became a republic In October 1933 his remains were carried by the Spanish battleship Jaime I to Valencia where authorities of the Second Spanish Republic received it After several days of public homage the coffin was deposited in a niche in the civil cemetery of Valencia A mausoleum by Mariano Benlliure remained unfinished and was deposited in the Museum of Fine Arts in 1940 It was relocated to the Centre del Carme es in 1988 and in 2017 back to the museum It is planned that the mausoleum will be finished in 2021 and Blasco s remains stored in it 4 Writing career editHis first published novel was La arana negra The Black Spider in 1892 The immature work that he later repudiated was a study of the connections between a noble Spanish family and the Jesuits throughout the 19th century It seems to have been a vehicle for him to express his anticlerical views In 1894 he published his first mature work the novel Arroz y tartana Airs and Graces The story is about a widow in late 19th century Valencia trying to keep up appearances to marry her daughters well His next books consist of detailed studies of aspects of rural life in the farmlands of Valencia the so called huerta that the Moorish colonizers had created to grow crops such as rice vegetables and oranges with a carefully planned irrigation system in an otherwise arid landscape The concern with depicting the details of this lifestyle qualifies what he called an example of costumbrismo Flor de mayo 1895 Mayflower La barraca 1898 5 The Hut Entre naranjos es 1900 6 Between Orange Trees Canas y barro es 1902 7 Reeds and Mud The works also show the influence of naturalism which he would most likely have assimilated through reading Emile Zola The characters in the works are determined by the interaction of heredity environment and social conditions race milieu et moment and the novelist is acting as a kind of scientist drawing out the influences that act upon them at any given moment They are powerful works but are sometimes flawed by heavy handed didactic elements For example in La Barraca the narrator often preaches the need for these ignorant people to be better educated There is also a strong political element as he shows how destructive it is for the poor farmworkers to be fighting one another rather than uniting against their true oppressors the church and the landowners However along the preaching are lyrical and highly detailed accounts of how the irrigation canals are managed and of the workings of the age old tribunal de las aguas a court composed of farmers that meets weekly near Valencia Cathedral to decide which farm gets to receive water and when and arbitrates on disputes on access to water Canas y barro is often adjudged citation needed the masterpiece of that phase of Blasco Ibanez s writings After that his writing changed markedly He left behind costumbrismo and Naturalism and began to set his novels in more cosmopolitan locations than the huerta of Valencia His plots became more sensational and melodramatic Academic criticism of him in the English speaking world has largely ignored those works but they form by far the majority of his published output some 30 works Some of these works attracted the attention of Hollywood studios and became the basis of celebrated films Prominently Sangre y arena es Blood and Sand 1908 which follows the career of Juan Gallardo from his poor beginnings as a child in Seville to his rise to celebrity as a matador in Madrid where he falls under the spell of the seductive Dona Sol which leads to his downfall Ibanez directed a 65 min film version in 1916 8 There were three remakes in 1922 1941 and 1989 His greatest personal success probably came from the novel The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse 1916 which tells a tangled tale of the French and German sons in law of an Argentinian landowner who find themselves fighting on opposite sides during the First World War When it was filmed by Rex Ingram in 1921 it became the vehicle that propelled Rudolph Valentino to stardom Rex Ingram also filmed Mare Nostrum a spy story from 1918 that was filmed in 1926 as a vehicle for his wife Alice Terry at his MGM studio in Nice Michael Powell claimed in his memoirs that he had his first experience of working in films on that production A further two Hollywood films can be singled out as they were the first films that were made by Greta Garbo following her arrival at MGM in Hollywood The Torrent based on Entre naranjos from 1900 and The Temptress derived from La Tierra de Todos from 1922 Works edit nbsp La arana negra 1892 volume I nbsp Woman Triumphant a translation of La maja desnuda by Vicente Blasco Ibanez into English La arana negra 1892 Arroz y tartana 1894 Flor de mayo 1895 Cuentos valencianos 1896 La barraca 1898 English translation The Shack Entre naranjos 1900 another Valencian piece 9 Canas y barro 1902 about life among the fishermen peasants of the Albufera marshes in Valencia 10 El establo de Eva 1902 short story El parasito del tren 1902 short story La catedral 1903 El intruso 1904 about immigration to the Basque Country La bodega 1905 La horda 1905 Novisima geografia universal translation by Onesime and Elise Reclus 6 volumes 1906 La maja desnuda 1906 novel with title inspired on Goya s painting The Nude Maja English translation Woman Triumphant Oriente 1907 Voluntad de vivir 1907 published in 1953 Sangre y arena 1908 about a matador in a love triangle English translation Blood and Sand Los muertos mandan 1909 Luna Benamor 1909 Argentina y sus grandezas 1910 Los argonautas 1914 Los cuatro jinetes del Apocalipsis 1916 about Argentina and the First World War 11 English translation The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse Mare Nostrum 1918 a spy novel in the Mediterranean Los enemigos de la mujer 1919 English translation Enemies of Women El prestamo de la difunta 1921 El paraiso de las mujeres 1922 La familia de Doctor Pedraza 1922 La tierra de todos 1922 La reina Calafia 1924 Novelas de la costa azul 1924 Vuelta del mundo de un novelista 1924 25 a travelogue El papa del mar 1925 about the antipope Benedict XIII who established his court at Peniscola A los pies de Venus 1926 El caballero de la virgen 1929 En busca del Gran Khan 1929 Fantasma de las alas de oro 1930 La Pared n a Vistas sudamericanas n a Adaptations edit Sangre y arena 1916 film 1922 film 1941 film and 1989 film Los cuatro jinetes del Apocalipsis 1921 film and 1962 film Los enemigos de la mujer 1923 film Amor Argentino 1924 film Circe la maga 1924 film Mare Nostrum 1926 film and 1948 film Entre naranjos 1926 film and 1997 television series La tierra de todos 1926 film La bodega 1930 film La barraca 1945 film and 1979 television series Canas y barro 1954 film es and 1978 television series Flor de mayo 1959 film and 2008 television series Arroz y tartana 2003 television series References edit Liberales agitadores y conspiradores biografias heterodoxas del siglo XIX Isabel Burdiel Manuel Perez Ledesma Madrid Espasa Calpe 2000 ISBN 84 239 6048 X OCLC 45619844 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link NOLI ME TANGERE JOSE RIZAL PHILIPPINES HISTORY NOVEL Cambridge Forecast Group Blog 15 October 2009 Retrieved 26 September 2021 Robert W Service 1874 1958 Poet amp Adventurer Vicente Blasco Ibanez 1867 1928 Cuquerella Toni 11 April 2021 La complicada historia de la tumba de Blasco Ibanez el escritor y politico que queria reposar en una Valencia republicana ElDiario es in Spanish Retrieved 12 April 2021 The Project Gutenberg eBook of Obras Completas De V Blasco Ibanez by AUTHOR Archived copy Archived from the original on March 10 2006 Retrieved 2005 09 30 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Archived copy PDF Archived PDF from the original on March 10 2006 Retrieved 2005 09 30 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Sangre y arena 1916 FilmAffinity Entre Naranjos 27 October 2009 Archived from the original on 27 October 2009 Canas y Barro PDF 26 October 2009 Archived from the original PDF on 26 October 2009 LOS CUATRO JINETES DEL APOCALIPSIS Archived from the original on October 26 2009 Retrieved 2005 09 30 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link External links editWorks in Spanish edit Arroz y tartana at Project Gutenberg La Barraca at Project Gutenberg El paraiso de las mujeres at Project Gutenberg El prestamo de la difunta at Project Gutenberg La Catedral at Project Gutenberg La Tierra de Todos at Project Gutenberg English translations edit Mare Nostrum Our Sea A Novel translator Charlotte Brewster Jordan E P Dutton 1919 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Blood and Sand A Novel translator W A Gillespe E P Dutton 1919 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link La Bodega translator Isaac Goldberg E P Dutton 1919 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link The Blood of the Arena translator Frances Douglas A C McClurg amp Company 1911 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Woman Triumphant La Maja Desnuda translator Hayward Keniston E P Dutton 1920 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Edmund R Brown ed 1919 The Last Lion And Other Tales Branden Books pp 15 The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse at Project Gutenberg Bestseller in the United States in 1919 Further links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vicente Blasco Ibanez nbsp Wikisource has original works by or about Vicente Blasco Ibanez Works by Vicente Blasco Ibanez at Project Gutenberg Works by Vicente Blasco Ibanez at Faded Page Canada Works by or about Vicente Blasco Ibanez at Internet Archive Works by Vicente Blasco Ibanez at LibriVox public domain audiobooks nbsp The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse in the original Spanish with English translation Newspaper clippings about Vicente Blasco Ibanez in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Vicente Blasco Ibanez amp oldid 1186978455, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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